CN106032328B - A kind of material being used to prepare locomotive traction motor carbon brush - Google Patents
A kind of material being used to prepare locomotive traction motor carbon brush Download PDFInfo
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- CN106032328B CN106032328B CN201510117849.1A CN201510117849A CN106032328B CN 106032328 B CN106032328 B CN 106032328B CN 201510117849 A CN201510117849 A CN 201510117849A CN 106032328 B CN106032328 B CN 106032328B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of materials for being used to prepare locomotive traction motor carbon brush, including soft carbon powder, spray carbon black, pitch coke powder, graphite powder, pore creating material, orientation auxiliary agent, modified coal tar pitch and lubricant.It is good using carbon brush High anti bending strength, commutation ability made of material of the invention, and allow by current density it is big, be not only suitable for diesel locomotive traction electric machine and be suitable for electric locomotive traction motor again.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to locomotive technology field more particularly to a kind of materials for being used to prepare locomotive traction motor carbon brush.
Background technique
The material of carbon brush is the premise for producing high-quality carbon brush, railway locomotive traction electric machine carbon brush, as locomotive engine
Core component is always the most important research and development point of carbon brush manufacturing enterprise, and every country old brand carbon brush enterprise is with oneself unique material
Expect the carbon brush of model characteristic production, is applied on all kinds of traction electric machines.But existing locomotive traction motor carbon brush is due to product
Performance is different, can not be suitable for all types of locomotive traction motors, user brings inconvenience to locomotive.And the machine in China
Vehicle traction electric machine carbon brush material, almost still continues to use the technology thought in the sixties, in decades also not big breakthrough.
Locomotive traction motor is divided into two major classes with carbon brush material: diesel locomotive traction electric machine carbon brush material and electric locomotive
Traction electric machine carbon brush material.
Due to power resources difference, different locomotive traction motors needs the carbon brush material of different performance matched:
Diesel locomotive traction electric machine carbon brush material, it is desirable that allow through high-density current (not less than 16A/cm2), and have centainly
Commutation ability, under the premise of not damaging engine commutator, the longer the better for service life；And electric locomotive traction motor carbon brush
Material then needs to have fabulous commutation ability, and allows through higher current density (not less than 13A/cm2)。
In order to reach high current density, avoiding carbon brush again, temperature rise is excessively high during the work time, generallys use in resistivity
Etc. the materials of sizes (40-50 μ Ω M) prepare carbon brush, but its commutation ability is by biggish limitation；It is good in order to obtain
Commutation property, and to sacrifice working current density as cost, carbon brush is prepared using the material of resistivity higher (55-65 μ Ω M),
Even if having prepared good ventilating and cooling auxiliary system, but the temperature rise of carbon brush and allow of no optimist.Usual commutation capacity and work electricity
Stream is opposition, because to improve commutation capacity just must increase the resistivity of material (commutation resistance), and the increase of resistivity,
It will lead to the raising of carbon brush temperature, operating current is severely limited.
Due to the restriction of production technology, currently, either can without a kind of carbon brush material on foreign country or domestic market
To be suitable for diesel locomotive traction electric machine and electric locomotive traction motor simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to problem in the prior art, one kind is provided and is used to prepare locomotive traction motor carbon brush
Material, the carbon brush for selecting material of the invention to prepare not only has good commutation, but also allows through high-density current,
Not only it had been applicable to diesel locomotive traction electric machine but also had been suitable for electric locomotive traction motor.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of material for being used to prepare locomotive traction motor carbon brush, including such as
Lower raw material: soft carbon powder, spraying carbon black, pitch coke powder, graphite powder, pore creating material, orientation auxiliary agent, modified coal tar pitch, lubricant；Its
In, the locomotive traction motor for preparing includes: with carbon brush
In a heated condition, by soft carbon powder, spraying carbon black, pitch coke powder, graphite powder, pore creating material, orientation auxiliary agent, change
Matter pitch and lubricant carry out mixing extrusion process, obtain mixed material；
Mixed material is ground, the first mixed powder is obtained；
In a heated condition, roller sheet processing is carried out after the first mixed powder being mixed, and obtains sheet material；
Sheet material is crushed, milled processed, obtains the second mixed powder；
Carbon brush green compact is pressed into after second mixed powder is mixed；
Carbon brush green compact is successively carried out calcination process, graphitization processing to get.
Wherein, the soft carbon powder is prepared in accordance with the following steps:
1-A) in a heated condition, acetylene carbon black and stearic acid are uniformly mixed, obtain the first mixture；
1-B) continue in a heated condition, mid temperature pitch, coal tar to be added into the first mixture, is uniformly mixed, obtains
Second mixture；
The second mixture 1-C) is pressed into stock column；
1-D) stock column is successively carried out calcination process, quick graphitization processing, crushing grinding processing to get.
Wherein, the weight of the acetylene carbon black, stearic acid, mid temperature pitch and coal tar are as follows: acetylene carbon black 95-
105, stearic acid 0.4-0.6, mid temperature pitch 24-26, coal tar 24-26.
In particular, the weight of the acetylene carbon black, stearic acid, mid temperature pitch and coal tar are as follows: acetylene carbon black
100, stearic acid 0.5, mid temperature pitch 25, coal tar 25.
Especially, the softening point of the mid temperature pitch is 80-84 DEG C, and fixed carbon content is 38-40%.
Wherein, step 1-A) in heat temperature be 140-160 DEG C, preferably 150 DEG C；Incorporation time is 15-25min,
Preferably 20min；
Wherein, step 1-B) in heat temperature be 140-160 DEG C, preferably 150 DEG C；Incorporation time is 50-70min,
Preferably 60min.
Wherein, further include after the second mixture obtained in step 1-B) is naturally cooled to 80 DEG C, it is re-compacted at step
Stock column described in 1-C).
Wherein, step 1-C) described in compression process pressure be 5MPa.
Wherein, step 1-D) described in calcination process maximum temperature be 1200 DEG C.
Wherein, step 1-D) described in quickly graphitization processing maximum temperature be 2800 DEG C.
Wherein, step 1-D) described in crushing grinding processing include the following steps:
Stock column after quick graphitization processing is crushed to 10mm hereinafter, obtaining soft carbon fritter with jaw crusher；
Soft carbon fritter is ground to 74 μm hereinafter, obtaining soft carbon fine powder with Raymond mill；
By soft carbon fine powder with fluidized bed air flow crusher be ground to 16 μm to get.
Wherein, the spray carbon black is high-class product spray carbon black of the ash content less than 0.2%.
Wherein, the pitch coke powder is needle-shaped pitch coke powder, and granularity is 45 μm.
Wherein, the graphite powder is that sub-nanometer purifies (natural) graphite powder, the powder purified by natural cryptocrystal stone mill powder
For last granularity close to nanoscale graphite powder, granularity is 10 μm.
Wherein, the pore creating material is one of starch, urea, azodicarbonamide or hard resin or a variety of, preferably
For starch.
In particular, the hard resin be one of epoxy resin, phenolic resin, polyamide, furane resins or
It is a variety of.
Pore creating material effect of the invention first is that adjust carbon brush material hardness, be conducive to the matching of carbon brush and motor；Make
With it second is that forming hole in carbon brush, the commutation ability of carbon brush is improved.
Locomotive traction motor is high power DC electric machine, and due to the limitation of locomotive, motor is difficult on main pole pole shoe
Compensative winding is installed, the commutation between motor positive and negative anodes commutator segment is mainly undertaken by carbon brush.It commutates from the point of view of carbon brush angle merely special
Point is as follows: when commutation, the electric current of positive and negative anodes commutator segment forms short circuit by carbon brush, and the resistance that such as commutates is not enough to bear production when short circuit
Raw energy of position, then carbon brush will discharge energy of position when being moved to next group of commutator segment, and cause the spark of certain grade；It is super
Certain grade is crossed, such asGrade or more, then there is visible spark, more than 2 grades, harmful spark will be generated, while being formed and being hurt to motor
Evil.Part energy of position can be absorbed in the gap formed in carbon brush, reduces the motor spark grade under same working condition by 1/4-
1/2 grade.
Wherein, the orientation auxiliary agent is boron nitride, titanium dioxide, fluorographite, pitch oxidization fiber, carbon fiber, graphite fibre
One of dimension or class graphene are a variety of, preferably pitch oxidization fiber.
In particular, the pitch oxidization fiber is the oxidization fiber obtained by pitch spinning through cure treatment and oxidation processes,
The milling that is chopped again is prepared, and length is about 74 μm.
In particular, the class graphene is that powder made from high power expansion, air-flow crushing is passed sequentially through as natural graphite powder,
Its performance is close to graphene.
The wearability and orientation of carbon brush can be improved in orientation auxiliary agent of the invention.
The orientation auxiliary agent that the present invention adds, in the molding of carbon brush green compact, due to the shape characteristic of itself, in high briquetting pressure
Under, selecting sexual orientation enhancing --- the resistivity for being parallel to die mould direction is apparently higher than resistivity perpendicular to die mould direction, obtains
Obtain different performances.By certain direction when processing carbon brush, is conducive to carbon brush material in conducting direction and obtains lesser resistivity,
To allow through high current density；And biggish resistivity is obtained in carbon brush commutation direction, electricity when commutation can be effectively reduced
Potential energy generates, to obtain excellent commutation ability.
Wherein, the lubricant is stearic acid, in Metallic stearates, phthalate, macromolecule complex ester
It is one or more.
In particular, the Metallic stearates are one of calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, zinc stearate, barium stearate
Or it is a variety of.
In particular, the phthalate is repefral, dioctyl phthalate, O-phthalic
One of sour di-isooctyl, dibutyl phthalate are a variety of.
In particular, the macromolecule complex ester is by polyalcohol, dicarboxylic acids, higher fatty acids through esterification condensation, saponification
The complex ester that process obtains.
Especially, the macromolecule complex ester is G32-1 or GH-104.
Lubricant collaboration orientation auxiliary agent of the invention, is conducive to obtain orientation when carbon brush molding under same briquetting pressure
More obvious carbon brush green compact, and obtain the carbon brush green compact of performance more evenly.
Wherein, the softening point of the modified coal tar pitch is 102-108 DEG C, and fixed carbon content is 60-62%.
Wherein, the soft carbon powder, spraying carbon black, pitch coke powder, graphite powder, pore creating material, orientation auxiliary agent, modified coal tar pitch
With the weight of lubricant are as follows: soft carbon 45-60, spraying carbon black 5-15, pitch coke powder 8-15, graphite powder 3-8, pore-creating
Agent 0.1-3.0, orientation auxiliary agent 0.5-3.0, modified coal tar pitch 30-33, lubricant 0.3-1.0 are helped.
Wherein, described to drip soft carbon powder, spraying carbon black, pitch coke powder, graphite powder, pore creating material, orientation auxiliary agent, modification
The temperature that green and lubricant carries out mixing extrusion process processing is 190-210 DEG C.
Wherein, the granularity of first mixed powder is 48 μm.
Wherein, the mixing of first mixed powder includes:
The first mixed powder is added into the double paddle mixing machines for being preheated to 150-160 DEG C, persistently overheating simultaneously mixes 60-80 points
Clock, constant temperature mixing 20 minutes or more when temperature rises to 190 DEG C.
Wherein, the temperature of roller sheet processing is 150-170 DEG C, thickness≤1.5mm of the sheet material.
Wherein, the granularity of second mixed powder is 74 μm.
Wherein, the second mixed powder incorporation time is 110-130 minutes, preferably 120 minutes.
Wherein, the pressure of the compacting carbon brush green compact is 17-19MPa, preferably 18MPa.
Higher briquetting pressure is conducive to carbon brush material composition orientation, improves anisotropy, and make the performance of carbon brush material
More evenly, flexural strength is higher, achievees the effect that improve commutation capacity, increases wear-resisting property.
Wherein, the calcination process includes the following steps:
The pitch char particle with a thickness of 100 ± 5mm is spread in stainless steel crucible bottom, wherein the partial size of the pitch micelle
For 2-4mm；
Carbon brush green compact is neatly placed in stainless steel crucible；
By the pitch char particle in the filling of carbon brush green compact surrounding with a thickness of 30-50mm, jolt ramming, in stainless steel crucible top cover
Carbon plate, filling thickness are no less than the pitch char particle of 150mm；
Filled stainless steel crucible is placed in roaster, carries out calcination process in isolation air atmosphere.
Wherein, the maximum temperature of the calcination process is 1200 DEG C.
Wherein, the graphitization processing includes the following steps:
Dry carbon black is mated formation in graphitizing furnace bottom, compacting, wherein the thickness of the carbon black of mating formation is not less than
500mm；
By the carbon brush green compact proper alignment after roasting in graphitizing furnace, wherein between the carbon brush green compact after roasting
It is divided into 3 ± 1 millimeters；
By pitch char particle be filled in roasting after carbon brush green compact between and surrounding；
By carbon black filled in outermost surrounding；
Graphitizing furnace heating is subjected to graphitization processing to the carbon brush green compact after roasting.
Wherein, the maximum temperature of the graphitization processing is 2600-2800 DEG C.
The purpose for using pitch char particle to fill during graphitization processing of the present invention is to increase carbon brush green compact graphitization
Conductiving point in the process enables carbon brush material uniformly through electric current, reaches the effect of waiting flow fields；Outermost layer is using carbon black filled
Purpose be heat preservation heat-insulating property and fabulous insulation performance using carbon black, be conducive to the insulation in graphitizing process, keep the temperature,
Make carbon brush material graphitization reach 2800 DEG C to go on smoothly.
The method of the present invention has the advantages that
1, locomotive traction motor of the invention uses soft carbon for primary raw material with carbon brush material, be aided with spraying carbon black,
The needle-shaped pitch coke of import, and add and be conducive to orientation and wear resistant components, it is binder with modified coal tar pitch, it is mixed by double helix exrusion
It closes, fluidized bed airflow milling machine grinding, remixes, roller sheet, the techniques such as broken, grinding, guarantee material structure to greatest extent
Uniformity.
2, locomotive traction motor of the invention is added that same carbon compatibility is strong, has orientation, mentions with carbon brush material in formula
The conductive capability of high material and the orientation auxiliary agent and the culture materials porosity, balancing material hardness for improving carbon brush commutation ability
Pore creating material makes finished product carbon brush meet the requirements of locomotive traction motor carbon brush.
3, the carbon brush produced using carbon brush material of the invention is crushed by using double helix exrusion mixing, fluidized bed, is dripped
Green char particle is that filler carries out the techniques such as graphitization processing, and the whole uniformity of carbon brush material, flexural strength is made to be greatly improved,
Be conducive to use in the case where vibrating operating condition.
4,18MPa is up to using the carbon brush briquetting pressure that carbon brush material of the invention produces, is aided with pore creating material and orientation helps
Agent, not only improves the high current of carbon brush, and improves the degree of commutation of carbon brush, solve high commutation ability and high operating current it
Between contradiction, can effectively improve the commutation capacity of carbon brush, commutation resistivity reaches 68-71 μ Ω Μ, works at the same time current density
Up to 18A/cm2More than.
If 5, not doing any post-processing using the carbon brush that carbon brush material of the invention produces, service life is reachable
Ten thousand locomotive kilometers of 1.28mm/ is twice of conventional locomotive traction motor carbon brush service life, while greatly improving electricity
Machine surface state；After post-treated technique, service life will improve 60% or more again.
6, the carbon brush prepared using carbon brush material of the invention has conducting direction resistivity lower, and commutate resistance compared with
Big feature had not only been applicable to diesel locomotive traction electric machine but also had been applicable to electric locomotive traction motor.
Specific embodiment
The invention will now be further described with reference to specific embodiments, the advantages and features of the present invention will be with description and
It is apparent.But examples are merely exemplary for these, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way.Those skilled in the art
Member it should be understood that without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention can details to technical solution of the present invention and form into
Row modifications or substitutions, but these modifications and replacement are fallen within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
1. preparing soft carbon powder
1-A) (kg) is stocked up according to following weight proportion:
Acetylene carbon black and stearic acid 1-B) are added into the double paddle mixing kettles for be preheated to 150 DEG C, closes lid mixing 20 minutes, so
Mid temperature pitch and coal tar are added afterwards, closes lid mixing 60 minutes, closes power supply, obtain mixed material.
1-C) mixed material is taken out, after naturally cooling to 80 DEG C, is pressed into stock column；Wherein, the pressure of compression process is
5MPa。
1-D) stock column is placed in roaster, completely cuts off air roasting, 1200 DEG C of maximum temperature keep the temperature 10 hours, Baking profile
288 hours；Stock column after roasting is fitted into graphitizing furnace by cooling after coming out of the stove, and using pitch char particle as filler, be powered quick graphite
Change (can freely heat up), processing is kept for 4 hours at 2800 DEG C of maximum temperature.
The stock column after graphitization processing 1-E) is crushed to 10mm with jaw crusher to grind hereinafter, being subsequently placed into Raymond mill
74 μm are milled to, is milled to 16 μm finally by fluidized bed air flow crusher (Kunshan close friend's micro jet Co., Ltd).
2, carbon brush blank is prepared
2-A) prepare raw material (kg) according to following weight proportion:
2-B) mix extrusion process
By nine sections of second segment-the preheatings of double helix exrusion mixing machine (Nanjing Cole gram squeezes out Equipment Limited) material chamber
To 120 DEG C, the raw material in step 2-A) is at the uniform velocity added in the first segment material chamber of double helix exrusion mixing machine, is continuously heating to
190 DEG C and mixing extrusion process is carried out, obtains mixed material；
2-C) first time milled processed
Mixed material is placed in milling in Raymond mill to be subsequently placed into fluidized bed air flow crusher and be milled to 48 μ to 74 μm
m。
It 2-D) mixes, roller sheet
Double paddle mixing machines are preheated to 150 DEG C, the mixed material for being crushed to 48 μm is put into double paddle mixing machines, Gai Ji is closed
Temperature of continuing rising simultaneously mixes 60 minutes, when temperature reaches 190 DEG C, then maintains temperature mixing 20 minutes, is then shut off power supply；It takes out mixed
Material is closed, on 150-170 DEG C of preheated nip roll temperature of rubber mixing machine, roller sheet processing, material thickness three times is carried out continuously and is less than
1.5mm。
2-E) second of milled processed
Tablet made from step 2-D) is put into crusher, 15mm is crushed to and is ground hereinafter, being then added in Raymond mill
Wear into the powder that partial size is 74 μm.
It 2-F) is mixed, is molded
Above-mentioned powder is added in double-spiral conical mixer after being mixed 120 minutes, by having ferromagnetic discharging
Mouth discharge, is made moulding powder；
Moulding powder is fitted into the floating die of 124mm × 142mm, progress Bidirectional pressure system on 315 tons of four-column hydraulic press is placed in,
Carbon brush green billet is made, wherein the pressure of compacting is 17MPa.
2-G) calcination process
The pitch char particle with a thickness of 100 ± 5mm is spread in stainless steel crucible bottom, wherein the partial size of the pitch char particle
For 2-4mm；
Carbon brush green billet is neatly placed in stainless steel crucible；
By the pitch char particle in the filling of carbon brush green billet surrounding with a thickness of 30-50mm, jolt ramming, in stainless steel crucible top cover
Upper carbon plate, filling thickness are no less than the pitch char particle of 150mm, prevent the oxidation in roasting of carbon brush green billet；
Filled stainless steel crucible is placed in roaster, isolation air carries out anaerobic sintering, roasting blank is obtained,
In, 5 hours are kept the temperature under the conditions of 1200 DEG C of maximum temperature.
2-H) graphitization processing
Dry carbon black is mated formation in graphitizing furnace bottom, compacting, wherein the thickness of the carbon black of mating formation is not less than
500mm；
Blank proper alignment will be roasted in graphitizing furnace, wherein be divided into 3 ± 1 millimeters between roasting blank；
By pitch char particle be filled in roasting after carbon brush green compact between and surrounding；
By carbon black filled in outermost surrounding；
Graphitizing furnace power supply is opened, graphitization processing is carried out to roasting blank using the heating process of low-voltage, high current,
To obtain the final product.
Wherein, the maximum temperature of graphitization processing is 2800 DEG C, keeps the temperature 4 hours at this temperature.
Graphitizing furnace of the invention uses high frequency switch power, and primary voltage 380V exports secondary voltage 30-70V, electric current
10000A, graphitizing process is available to be precisely controlled, and substantially reduces the energy and Environmental costs, and is conducive to carbon brush material performance
Stabilization, improve.
To carbon brush blank obtained, according to " JB/T 8133.1-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 1st
Part: sample processing technology provides " it is processed into 10mm × 10mm × 64mm sample and 12.5mm × 25mm × 40mm carbon brush, and
According to " JB/T8133.2-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method part 2: resistivity ", " JB/T8133.3-
2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method third portions: Rockwell hardness ", " JB/T8133.7-2013 electric carbon product object
The 7th part of Physicochemical method for testing performance: flexural strength ", " JB/T8133.14-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test
The 14th part of method: bulk density ", " JB/T 8155-2001 brush for electromachine runnability test method " carry out performance survey
Examination, test result are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 2
1. preparing soft carbon powder
In addition to step 1-A) stocks up (kg) according to following weight proportion:
2, carbon brush blank is prepared
2-A) prepare raw material (kg) according to following weight proportion:
2-B) mix extrusion process
110 DEG C are preheated to by nine sections of second segment-the of double helix exrusion mixing machine material chamber, the raw material in step 2-A) is even
Speed is added in the first segment material chamber of double helix exrusion mixing machine, is continuously heating to 200 DEG C and is carried out mixing extrusion process, obtains
Mixed material；
2-C) first time milled processed
Mixed material is placed in milling in Raymond mill to be subsequently placed into fluidized bed air flow crusher and be milled to 48 μ to 74 μm
m。
It 2-D) mixes, roller sheet
Double paddle mixing machines are preheated to 155 DEG C, the mixed material for being crushed to 48 μm is put into double paddle mixing machines, Gai Ji is closed
Temperature of continuing rising simultaneously mixes 80 minutes, and when temperature reaches 190 DEG C, then constant temperature mixes 25 minutes, is then shut off power supply, takes out mixture
Material is carried out continuously roller sheet processing three times on 150-170 DEG C of preheated nip roll temperature of rubber mixing machine, and material thickness is less than 1.5mm.
2-E) second of milled processed
Tablet made from step 2-D) is put into crusher, 15mm is crushed to and is ground hereinafter, being then added in Raymond mill
Wear into the powder that partial size is 74 μm.
It 2-F) is mixed, is molded
Above-mentioned powder is added in double-spiral conical mixer and is mixed 110 minutes, then by with it is ferromagnetic go out
Material mouth discharge, is made moulding powder；
Moulding powder is fitted into the floating die of 124mm × 142mm, progress Bidirectional pressure system on 315 tons of four-column hydraulic press is placed in,
Carbon brush green billet is made, wherein the pressure of compacting is 18MPa.
2-G) calcination process is same as Example 1.
2-H) graphitization processing is same as Example 1.
To carbon brush blank obtained, according to " JB/T 8133.1-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 1st
Part: sample processing technology provides " it is processed into 10mm × 10mm × 64mm sample and 12.5mm × 25mm × 40mm carbon brush, and
According to " JB/T8133.2-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method part 2: resistivity ", " JB/T8133.3-
2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method third portions: Rockwell hardness ", " JB/T8133.7-2013 electric carbon product object
The 7th part of Physicochemical method for testing performance: flexural strength ", " JB/T8133.14-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test
The 14th part of method: bulk density ", " JB/T 8155-2001 brush for electromachine runnability test method " carry out performance survey
Examination, test result are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 3
1. preparing soft carbon powder
In addition to step 1-A) stocks up (kg) according to following weight proportion:
2, carbon brush blank is prepared
2-A) prepare raw material (kg) according to following weight proportion:
2-B) mix extrusion process
130 DEG C are preheated to by nine sections of second segment-the of double helix exrusion mixing machine material chamber, the raw material in step 2-A) is even
Speed is added in the first segment material chamber of double helix exrusion mixing machine, is continuously heating to 210 DEG C and is carried out mixing extrusion process, obtains
Mixed material；
2-C) first time milled processed
Mixed material is placed in milling in Raymond mill to be subsequently placed into fluidized bed air flow crusher and be milled to 48 μ to 74 μm
m。
It 2-D) mixes, roller sheet
Double paddle mixing machines are preheated to 160 DEG C, the mixed material for being ground to 48 μm is put into double paddle mixing machines, is closed the lid
Son continues to heat up and mix 70 minutes, when temperature reaches 190 DEG C, then maintains temperature mixing 30 minutes, is then shut off power supply, takes
It is small to be carried out continuously roller sheet processing, material thickness three times on 150-170 DEG C of preheated nip roll temperature of rubber mixing machine for mixed material out
In 1.5mm.
2-E) second of milled processed
Tablet made from step 2-D) is put into crusher, 15mm is crushed to and is ground hereinafter, being then added in Raymond mill
Wear into the powder that partial size is 74 μm.
It 2-F) mixes, molding
Above-mentioned powder is added in double-spiral conical mixer and mixes 130 minutes, then by with it is ferromagnetic go out
Material mouth discharge, is made moulding powder；
Moulding powder is fitted into the floating die of 124mm × 142mm, progress Bidirectional pressure system on 315 tons of four-column hydraulic press is placed in,
Green compact is made, wherein the pressure of compacting is 19MPa.
2-G) calcination process is same as Example 1.
2-H) graphitization processing is same as Example 1.
To carbon brush blank obtained, according to " JB/T 8133.1-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 1st
Part: sample processing technology provides " it is processed into 10mm × 10mm × 64mm sample and 12.5mm × 25mm × 40mm carbon brush, and
According to " JB/T8133.2-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method part 2: resistivity ", " JB/T8133.3-
2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method third portions: Rockwell hardness ", " JB/T8133.7-2013 electric carbon product object
The 7th part of Physicochemical method for testing performance: flexural strength ", " JB/T8133.14-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test
The 14th part of method: bulk density ", " JB/T 8155-2001 brush for electromachine runnability test method " carry out performance survey
Examination, test result are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 4
Step 2-A in addition to preparing carbon brush blank) according to following weight proportion preparation raw material (kg): soft carbon powder 45；
Spray carbon black 8；Needle-shaped pitch coke powder 8；Graphite powder 3；Azodicarbonamide 0.1；Pitch oxidization fiber 0.5；Calcium stearate 0.3；Change
Except matter pitch 32, remaining is same as Example 1.
To carbon brush blank obtained, according to " JB/T 8133.1-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 1st
Part: sample processing technology provides " it is processed into 10mm × 10mm × 64mm sample and 12.5mm × 25mm × 40mm carbon brush, and
According to " JB/T8133.2-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method part 2: resistivity ", " JB/T8133.3-
2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method third portions: Rockwell hardness ", " JB/T8133.7-2013 electric carbon product object
The 7th part of Physicochemical method for testing performance: flexural strength ", " JB/T8133.14-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test
The 14th part of method: bulk density ", " JB/T 8155-2001 brush for electromachine runnability test method " carry out performance survey
Examination, test result are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 5
Step 2-A in addition to preparing carbon brush blank) according to following weight proportion preparation raw material (kg): soft carbon powder 60；
Spray carbon black 6；Needle-shaped pitch coke powder 8；Graphite powder 3；Hard resin 1.0；Class graphene 0.2；Dibutyl phthalate 1.0；
Except modified coal tar pitch 32, remaining is same as Example 2.
To carbon brush blank obtained, according to " JB/T 8133.1-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 1st
Part: sample processing technology provides " it is processed into 10mm × 10mm × 64mm sample and 12.5mm × 25mm × 40mm carbon brush, and
According to " JB/T8133.2-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method part 2: resistivity ", " JB/T8133.3-
2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method third portions: Rockwell hardness ", " JB/T8133.7-2013 electric carbon product object
The 7th part of Physicochemical method for testing performance: flexural strength ", " JB/T8133.14-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test
The 14th part of method: bulk density ", " JB/T 8155-2001 brush for electromachine runnability test method " carry out performance survey
Examination, test result are shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 6
Step 2-A in addition to preparing carbon brush blank) according to following weight proportion preparation raw material (kg): soft carbon powder 60；
Spray carbon black 5；Needle-shaped pitch coke powder 8；Graphite powder 5；Starch 3；Carbon fiber 3；Macromolecule complex ester (G32-1) 1.0；Modified coal tar pitch
Except 30, remaining is same as Example 3.
To carbon brush blank obtained, according to " JB/T 8133.1-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 1st
Part: sample processing technology provides " it is processed into 10mm × 10mm × 64mm sample and 12.5mm × 25mm × 40mm carbon brush, and
According to " JB/T8133.2-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method part 2: resistivity ", " JB/T8133.3-
2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method third portions: Rockwell hardness ", " JB/T8133.7-2013 electric carbon product object
The 7th part of Physicochemical method for testing performance: flexural strength ", " JB/T8133.14-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test
The 14th part of method: bulk density ", " JB/T 8155-2001 brush for electromachine runnability test method " carry out performance survey
Examination, test result are shown in Table 1.
Reference examples
Carbon brush material is prepared using traditional traction electric machine factory formula and technique
1, prepare raw material (kg) according to following weight proportion:
Wherein, one stage of the carbon black material is by acetylene carbon black/spray carbon black and mid temperature pitch and the mixing of coal tar/carbolineum
Material is fired, is crushed, being milled is made, raw material when being conventional produce.
Wherein, the electrical carbon graphite refers to the crystalline graphite powder of phosphorus content 94/95%.
2) material mixing, roller sheet
Mixing machine is preheated to 120 DEG C or more, spraying carbon black, one stage of carbon black material, electrical carbon are successively put into mixing machine
It after graphite, closes the lid, continues to heat up and mix 30 minutes；Then it is uniformly added into mid temperature pitch into mixing machine, closes the lid,
Continue to heat up and mix 45 minutes, after material temperature reaches 165 DEG C, continues to close lid constant temperature mixing 60 minutes, close power supply, take out mixed
Close material；On 140-150 DEG C of preheated nip roll temperature of rubber mixing machine, it is carried out continuously roller sheet processing, material thickness three times and is less than
2mm。
3) it crushes
Mixture tablet made from step 2) is broken, it is placed in universal mill and is ground into the powder that granularity is 74 μm.
4) it is molded
Powder is fitted into the floating die of 124mm × 142mm, is placed in 315 tons of four-column hydraulic press and is suppressed, life is made
Base, wherein compression moulding pressure is 14MPa.
5) it roasts, be graphitized
Green compact is fitted into stainless steel crucible, quartz sand filler, jolt ramming are filled, isolation air carries out anaerobic sintering, wherein
Highest maturing temperature is 1200 DEG C, keeps the temperature 5 hours at this temperature.
Green compact after roasting is fitted into graphitizing furnace, carbon black filled, the progress graphitization processing of roasting blank surrounding, i.e.,
?.Wherein, graphitization processing maximum temperature is 2600-2800 DEG C, is kept for 4 hours at this temperature,.
To carbon brush blank obtained, according to " JB/T 8133.1-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 1st
Part: sample processing technology provides " it is processed into 10mm × 10mm × 64mm sample and 12.5mm × 25mm × 40mm carbon brush, and
According to " JB/T8133.2-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method part 2: resistivity ", " JB/T8133.3-
2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method third portions: Rockwell hardness ", " JB/T8133.7-2013 electric carbon product object
The 7th part of Physicochemical method for testing performance: flexural strength ", " JB/T8133.14-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test
The 14th part of method: bulk density ", " JB/T 8155-2001 brush for electromachine runnability test method " carry out performance survey
Examination, test result are shown in Table 1.
1 properties of product testing result of table
The testing result of table 1 shows the locomotive traction motor carbon brush prepared using carbon brush material of the present invention, and resistivity is
48-54μΩ.m；Flexural strength >=25MPa；Commutation/conduction is anisotropic than being 1.35-1.42；50H wear rate≤0.050mm.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of material for being used to prepare locomotive traction motor carbon brush, which is characterized in that including the following raw material: soft carbon
Powder, spraying carbon black, pitch coke powder, graphite powder, pore creating material, orientation auxiliary agent, modified coal tar pitch, lubricant；
Wherein, the locomotive traction motor for preparing includes: with carbon brush
In a heated condition, soft carbon powder, spraying carbon black, pitch coke powder, graphite powder, pore creating material, orientation auxiliary agent, modification are dripped
Green and lubricant carries out mixing extrusion process, obtains mixed material；
Mixed material is ground, the first mixed powder is obtained；
In a heated condition, roller sheet processing is carried out after the first mixed powder being mixed, and obtains sheet material；
Sheet material is crushed, milled processed, obtains the second mixed powder；
Carbon brush green compact is pressed into after second mixed powder is mixed；
Carbon brush green compact is successively carried out calcination process, graphitization processing to get；
Wherein, the soft carbon powder is prepared in accordance with the following steps:
1-A) in a heated condition, acetylene carbon black and stearic acid are uniformly mixed, obtain the first mixture；
1-B) continue in a heated condition, mid temperature pitch, coal tar to be added into the first mixture, is uniformly mixed, obtains second
Mixture；
The second mixture 1-C) is pressed into stock column；
1-D) stock column is successively carried out calcination process, quick graphitization processing, smashing and grinding processing to get；
Wherein, the weight of the acetylene carbon black, stearic acid, mid temperature pitch and coal tar are as follows: acetylene carbon black 95-105,
Stearic acid 0.4-0.6, mid temperature pitch 24-26, coal tar 24-26；
Wherein, the orientation auxiliary agent be boron nitride, titanium dioxide, fluorographite, pitch oxidization fiber, carbon fiber, graphite fibre or
One of class graphene is a variety of；
Wherein, the lubricant is one of stearic acid, Metallic stearates, phthalate, macromolecule complex ester
Or it is a variety of,
Wherein, the soft carbon powder, spray carbon black, pitch coke powder, graphite powder, pore creating material, orientation auxiliary agent, modified coal tar pitch and profit
The weight of lubrication prescription are as follows: soft carbon powder 45-60, spray carbon black 5-15, pitch coke powder 8-15, graphite powder 3-8, pore creating material
0.1-3.0, orientation auxiliary agent 0.2-3.0, modified coal tar pitch 30-33, lubricant 0.3-1.0；
Wherein, the granularity of first mixed powder is 48 μm；The granularity of second mixed powder is 74 μm.
2. material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pore creating material be starch, urea, azodicarbonamide or
One of hard resin is a variety of.
3. material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pitch coke powder is needle-shaped pitch coke powder, and granularity is
45μm。
4. material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pressure for being pressed into carbon brush green compact is 17-19MPa.
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| CN107903063A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-04-13 | 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 | The method for preparing subway collector shoe sliding block using graphene metal-impregnated carbon material |
| CN109524866B (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2021-01-15 | 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 | Graphene-carbon nanofiber reinforced copper-based graphite motor carbon brush and preparation method thereof |
| CN110981482A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-04-10 | 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of metal-impregnated current collector material for subway |
| CN114956847B (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2023-06-27 | 合肥工业大学 | Preparation method of needle coke enhanced pure carbon pantograph carbon slide plate |
| CN116835985B (en) * | 2023-06-01 | 2024-01-16 | 湖北东南佳新材料有限公司 | Carbon brush material for wiper motor and preparation method thereof |
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| JPH06189506A (en) * | 1992-12-15 | 1994-07-08 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | Manufacture of carbon brush for rotating electric machine |
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| CN1495975A (en) * | 2002-09-11 | 2004-05-12 | 东炭化工株式会社 | Carbon brush |
| CN102447206A (en) * | 2010-10-11 | 2012-05-09 | 温州东南碳制品有限公司 | Starting motor carbon brush for vehicle engine and making method of the same |
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| CN1060928A (en) * | 1990-10-22 | 1992-05-06 | 海门县电碳厂 | A kind of manufacture method of used in high-speed motor brush |
| JPH06189506A (en) * | 1992-12-15 | 1994-07-08 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | Manufacture of carbon brush for rotating electric machine |
| CN1323082A (en) * | 2001-06-26 | 2001-11-21 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Carbon fiber and carbon graphite electric brush material and its production process |
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