CN106033862A - Manufacturing method of carbon brush used for locomotive traction motor - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of carbon brush used for locomotive traction motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN106033862A CN106033862A CN201510117848.7A CN201510117848A CN106033862A CN 106033862 A CN106033862 A CN 106033862A CN 201510117848 A CN201510117848 A CN 201510117848A CN 106033862 A CN106033862 A CN 106033862A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a carbon brush used for a locomotive traction motor. The method comprises the following steps of under a heating condition, carrying out mixed extrusion processing on a soft carbon black powder, spray carbon black, a pitch coke powder, a graphite powder, a pore-forming agent, a directional auxiliary agent, modified pitch and a lubricant so as to acquire a mixed material; carrying out grinding processing on the mixed material so as to acquire a first mixed powder; mixing the first mixed powder and carrying out flaking processing so as to acquire a sheet-shaped material; carrying out smashing and grinding processing on the sheet-shaped material so as to acquire a second mixed powder; blending the second mixed powder and then pressing the power into a carbon-brush pressed shape, and then successively carrying out roasting and graphitization processing so as to obtain the carbon brush. Breaking strength of the carbon brush manufactured through the above method is high, commutation performance is good and an allowable passing current density is large. The carbon brush is suitable for a diesel locomotive traction motor and is also suitable for an electric locomotive traction motor.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to locomotive technology field, particularly relate to the preparation method of a kind of locomotive traction motor carbon brush.
Background technology
Railway locomotive traction electric machine carbon brush, as the core component of locomotive engine, is always the heaviest of carbon brush manufacturing enterprise
Point to be researched and developed, every country old brand carbon brush enterprise, with the product type characteristic of oneself uniqueness, is applied on all kinds of traction electric machine.
But existing locomotive traction motor carbon brush is different due to properties of product, all types of locomotive traction electricity can not be applicable to
Machine, to locomotive, user brings inconvenience.And the locomotive traction motor carbon brush of China, the most still continue to use the work in the sixties
Skill thinking, does not has big breakthrough the most yet.
Locomotive traction motor carbon brush is divided into two big classes: diesel locomotive traction electric machine carbon brush and electric locomotive traction motor are used
Carbon brush.
Owing to power resources are different, different locomotive traction motors needs the carbon brush of different performance matched: internal combustion engine
Car traction electric machine carbon brush, it is desirable to allow (to be not less than 16A/cm by high-density current2), and there is certain commutation
Performance, on the premise of not damaging engine commutator, service life, the longer the better；And electric locomotive traction motor carbon brush,
Then need possess fabulous commutation ability, and allow (to be not less than 13A/cm by higher current density2)。
In order to reach high current density, avoid carbon brush temperature rise in the course of the work too high again, generally use resistivity medium
Carbon brush prepared by the material of size (40-50 μ Ω M), but its commutation ability is limited by bigger；Good in order to obtain
Good commutation, again with sacrifice working current density as cost, uses the material of resistivity higher (55-65 μ Ω M)
Prepare carbon brush, even if having prepared good ventilating and cooling aid system, but the temperature rise of carbon brush allowing of no optimist.Generally commutation
Ability and operating current are opposition, because commutation capacity to be improved is necessary for increasing the resistivity (commutation resistance) of material,
And the increase of resistivity, carbon brush temperature can be caused to raise, operating current is severely limited.
Due to the restriction of production technology, at present, either foreign country or domestic market on all do not have a kind of carbon brush both can fit
It is readily adaptable for use in electric locomotive traction motor for diesel locomotive traction electric machine.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to for a difficult problem of the prior art, it is provided that the preparation method of a kind of locomotive traction motor carbon brush,
Carbon brush prepared by the method not only has good commutation, and allows by high-density current, is not only suitable for internal combustion engine
Car traction electric machine is applicable to again electric locomotive traction motor.
For achieving the above object, the present invention provides the preparation method of a kind of locomotive traction motor carbon brush, comprises the steps:
1) in a heated condition, by soft carbon powder, spraying carbon black, Colophonium coke powder, graphite powder, pore creating material, orientation
Auxiliary agent, modified coal tar pitch and lubricant carry out mixing extrusion process, obtain mixed material；
2) it is ground mixed material processing, obtains the first mixed powder；
3) in a heated condition, process carrying out rolling sheet after the first mixed powder mixing, obtain sheet material；
4) carry out sheet material pulverizing, milled processed, obtain the second mixed powder；
5) after the second mixed powder mixing, it is pressed into carbon brush pressed compact；
6) carbon brush pressed compact is carried out successively calcination process, graphitization processing, to obtain final product.
Wherein, step 1) described in soft carbon powder be prepared from accordance with the following steps:
1-A) in a heated condition, by acetylene carbon black and stearic acid mix homogeneously, the first compound is obtained；
1-B) continue in a heated condition, in the first compound, add mid temperature pitch, coal tar, mix homogeneously, obtain
To the second compound；
1-C) the second compound is pressed into stock column；
1-D) stock column is carried out successively calcination process, quick graphitization processing, crushing grinding process, to obtain final product.
Wherein, the weight of described acetylene carbon black, stearic acid, mid temperature pitch and coal tar is: acetylene carbon black
95-105, stearic acid 0.4-0.6, mid temperature pitch 24-26, coal tar 24-26.
Particularly, the weight of described acetylene carbon black, stearic acid, mid temperature pitch and coal tar is: acetylene carbon black 100,
Stearic acid 0.5, mid temperature pitch 25, coal tar 25.
Especially, the softening point of described mid temperature pitch is 80-84 DEG C, and fixed carbon content is 38-40%.
Wherein, step 1-A) in the temperature of heating be 140-160 DEG C, preferably 150 DEG C；Incorporation time is 15-25min,
It is preferably 20min；
Wherein, step 1-B) in the temperature of heating be 140-160 DEG C, preferably 150 DEG C；Incorporation time is 50-70min,
It is preferably 60min.
Wherein, also include step 1-B) in prepare the second compound naturally cool to 80 DEG C after, re-compacted one-tenth step
Stock column described in 1-C).
Wherein, step 1-C) described in the pressure of compression process be 5MPa.
Wherein, step 1-D) described in the maximum temperature of calcination process be 1200 DEG C.
Wherein, step 1-D) described in the maximum temperature of quick graphitization processing be 2800 DEG C.
Wherein, step 1-D) described in crushing grinding process comprise the steps:
Stock column jaw crusher after quick graphitization processing is crushed to below 10mm, obtains soft carbon fritter；
Soft carbon fritter Raymond mill is ground to below 74 μm, obtains soft carbon fine powder；
Soft carbon fine powder fluidized bed air flow crusher is ground to 16 μm, to obtain final product.
Wherein, step 1) described in spray carbon black be the high-class product spray carbon black that ash is less than 0.2%.
Wherein, step 1) described in Colophonium coke powder be needle-like Colophonium coke powder, its granularity is 45 μm.
Wherein, step 1) described in graphite powder be sub-Nano purified (natural) graphite powder, by natural cryptocrystal stone grinder powder purification
The powder size obtained is close to nano level graphite powder, and its granularity is 10 μm.
Wherein, step 1) described in pore creating material be the one in starch, carbamide, azodicarbonamide or hard resin or
Multiple, preferably starch.
Particularly, one during described hard resin is epoxy resin, phenolic resin, polyamide, furane resins or
Multiple.
One of pore creating material effect of the present invention is mating of the hardness of regulation carbon brush material, beneficially carbon brush and motor；Effect
Two be in carbon brush formation hole, improve carbon brush commutation ability.
Locomotive traction motor is all high power DC electric machine, and due to the restriction of locomotive, motor is difficult on main pole pole shoe dress
If compensative winding, the commutation between motor both positive and negative polarity commutator segment, mainly undertaken by carbon brush.Simple commutation from the point of view of carbon brush angle
Feature is as follows: during commutation, and the electric current of both positive and negative polarity commutator segment forms short circuit by carbon brush, as commutation resistance is not enough to bear short
The electric potential energy produced during road, then carbon brush is when moving to next group commutator segment, will discharge electric potential energy, and cause certain grade
Spark；Exceed certain grade, asMore than Ji, then there is visible spark, more than 2 grades, by harmful for generation spark,
Motor is formed injury simultaneously.The space formed in carbon brush, can absorb part electric potential energy, make under same duty
Motor spark grade reduces 1/4-1/2 level.
Wherein, step 1) described in orient auxiliary agent be boron nitride, titanium dioxide, fluorographite, Colophonium oxidization fiber, carbon
One or more in fiber, graphite fibre or class Graphene, preferably Colophonium oxidization fiber.
Particularly, described Colophonium oxidization fiber is the oxidization fiber obtained through cure treatment and oxidation processes by Colophonium spinning, then
Being prepared from through chopped pulverizing, its length is about 74 μm.
Particularly, described class Graphene is to be passed sequentially through, by natural graphite powder, the powder that high power expands, comminution by gas stream prepares,
Its performance is close to Graphene.
The orientation auxiliary agent of the present invention can improve wearability and the orientation of carbon brush.
The orientation auxiliary agent that the present invention adds, when carbon brush pressed compact molding, due to the shape characteristic of self, in high briquetting pressure
Under, selectivity orientational strengthening is parallel to the resistivity in die mould direction apparently higher than being perpendicular to the resistivity in die mould direction,
Obtain different performances.Less electricity is obtained by certain direction, beneficially carbon brush material at conducting direction during processing carbon brush
Resistance rate, to allow by high electric current density；And obtain bigger resistivity in carbon brush commutation direction, it is effectively reduced and changes
To time electric potential energy produce, thus obtain excellent commutation ability.
Wherein, step 1) described in lubricant be stearic acid, Metallic stearates, phthalate, high score
One or more in sub-complex ester.
Particularly, the one during described Metallic stearates is calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, zinc stearate, barium stearate
Or it is multiple.
Particularly, described phthalate is dimethyl phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, O-phthalic
One or more in acid di-isooctyl, dibutyl phthalate.
Particularly, described macromolecule complex ester is through esterification condensation, saponification by polyhydric alcohol, dicarboxylic acids, higher fatty acids
The complex ester that process obtains.
Especially, described macromolecule complex ester is G32-1 or GH-104.
The lubricant of the present invention collaborative orientation auxiliary agent, is conducive to obtaining orientation more during carbon brush molding under same briquetting pressure
Significantly carbon brush green compact, and obtain performance carbon brush green compact evenly.
Wherein, step 1) described in the softening point of modified coal tar pitch be 102-108 DEG C, fixed carbon content is 60-62%.
Wherein, step 1) described in soft carbon powder, spraying carbon black, Colophonium coke powder, graphite powder, pore creating material, orientation
The weight of auxiliary agent, modified coal tar pitch and lubricant is: soft carbon 45-60, spraying carbon black 5-15, Colophonium coke powder
8-15, graphite powder 3-8, pore creating material 0.1-3.0, help orientation auxiliary agent 0.5-3.0, modified coal tar pitch 30-33, lubricant
0.3-1.0。
Wherein, step 1) described in the temperature of heat treated be 190-210 DEG C.
Wherein, step 2) described in the granularity of the first mixed powder be 48 μm.
Wherein, step 3) described in the mixing of the first mixed powder include:
The first mixed powder is added in the double oar mixers be preheated to 150-160 DEG C, persistently overheating and mix 60-80 and divide
Clock, when temperature rises to 190 DEG C, constant temperature mixes more than 20 minutes.
Wherein, step 3) described in the temperature that sheet processes of rolling be 150-170 DEG C, the thickness≤1.5mm of described sheet material.
Wherein, step 4) described in the granularity of the second mixed powder be 74 μm.
Wherein, step 5) described in the second mixed powder incorporation time be 110-130 minute, preferably 120 minutes.
Wherein, step 5) described in the pressure of compression process be 17-19MPa, preferably 18MPa.
Higher briquetting pressure is conducive to carbon brush material composition orientation, improves anisotropy, and makes the performance of carbon brush material more
Uniformly, rupture strength is higher, reaches to improve commutation capacity, the effect of increase anti-wear performance.
Wherein, step 6) described in calcination process comprise the steps:
The Colophonium char particle that thickness is 100 ± 5mm, wherein, the particle diameter of described Colophonium micelle is spread bottom stainless steel crucible
For 2-4mm；
Carbon brush pressed compact is neatly placed in stainless steel crucible；
Carbon brush pressed compact surrounding is filled the Colophonium char particle that upper thickness is 30-50mm, and jolt ramming, in stainless steel crucible top cover
Upper carbon plate, the filling thickness Colophonium char particle no less than 150mm；
Populated stainless steel crucible is placed in roaster, carries out calcination process, wherein at roasting at isolation air atmosphere
The maximum temperature of reason is 1200 DEG C.
Wherein, step 6) described in graphitization processing comprise the steps:
Dry white carbon black is mated formation bottom graphitizing furnace, compacting, wherein, described in the mat formation thickness of white carbon black be not less than 500mm；
By the carbon brush pressed compact proper alignment after roasting in graphitizing furnace, wherein, the interval between carbon brush pressed compact after roasting
It it is 3 ± 1 millimeters；
Colophonium char particle is filled between the carbon brush pressed compact after roasting and surrounding；
By carbon black filled in outermost surrounding；
Being heated up by graphitizing furnace and the carbon brush pressed compact after roasting carries out graphitization processing, wherein, described graphitization processing is
High-temperature is 2600-2800 DEG C.
The purpose using Colophonium char particle to fill during graphitization processing of the present invention is to increase carbon brush pressed compact graphitization mistake
Conductiving point in journey, enables carbon brush material uniformly through electric current, the effect in flow field such as reaches；Outermost layer uses white carbon black to fill out
The purpose filled be utilize insulation in the insulation heat-insulating property of carbon black and fabulous insulating properties, beneficially graphitizing process,
Insulation, makes carbon brush material graphitization reach 2800 DEG C and is smoothed out.
The inventive method has the advantage that
1, the locomotive traction motor carbon brush of the present invention uses soft carbon to be primary raw material, is aided with spraying carbon black, import pin
Shape pitch coke, and add beneficially orientation and wear resistant components, it is binding agent with modified coal tar pitch, mixed by double helix exrusion,
Fluidized bed airflow pulverizing machine grinds, and remixes, rolls the technique such as sheet, broken, grinding, ensures material structure to greatest extent
Uniformity.
2, the locomotive traction motor carbon brush of the present invention in formula, add that same carbon affinity is strong, there is orientation, raising material
The conductive capability of material and improve orientation auxiliary agent and the culture materials porosity, the making of balancing material hardness of carbon brush commutation ability
Hole agent, makes finished product carbon brush meet the requirements of locomotive traction motor carbon brush.
3, the locomotive traction motor carbon brush of the present invention is by using double helix exrusion mixing, fluid bed pulverizing, Colophonium char particle
Carry out the techniques such as graphitization processing for filler, make the overall uniformity of carbon brush material, rupture strength be greatly improved, have
It is beneficial to use under vibration operating mode.
4, the locomotive traction motor carbon brush briquetting pressure of the present invention is up to 18MPa, is aided with pore creating material and orientation auxiliary agent,
Not only improve the high electric current of carbon brush, improve again the degree of commutation of carbon brush, solve high commutation ability and high workload electric current it
Between contradiction, can be effectively improved the commutation capacity of carbon brush, commutation resistivity reaches 68-71 μ Ω Μ, and work electricity simultaneously
Current density is up to 18A/cm2Above.
If 5, the locomotive traction motor carbon brush of the present invention does not do any post processing, its service life is up to 1.28mm/
Ten thousand locomotive kilometers, are the twices in conventional locomotive traction motor carbon brush service life, improve motor table greatly simultaneously
Surface state；After post-treated technique, service life will improve more than 60% again.
6, the conducting direction resistivity of the locomotive traction motor carbon brush of the present invention is relatively low, and the resistance that commutates is relatively big, both can fit
Electric locomotive traction motor it is applicable to again for diesel locomotive traction electric machine.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment further describe the present invention, advantages of the present invention and feature will be with describe and more
For clear.But these embodiments are only exemplary, the scope of the present invention is not constituted any restriction.Art technology
Personnel it should be understood that can be to the details of technical solution of the present invention and shape under without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention
Formula is modified or replaces, but these amendments and replacement each fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
1. prepare soft carbon powder
1-A) get the raw materials ready (kg) according to following weight proportion:
1-B) in the double oar mixing kettles be preheated to 150 DEG C, add acetylene carbon black and stearic acid, close lid mixing 20 minutes, then
Add mid temperature pitch and coal tar, close lid mixing 60 minutes, close power supply, obtain mixed material.
1-C) mixed material is taken out, after naturally cooling to 80 DEG C, be pressed into stock column；Wherein, the pressure of compression process is 5MPa.
1-D) being placed in roaster by stock column, completely cut off air roasting, maximum temperature 1200 DEG C is incubated 10 hours, Baking profile
288 hours；Stock column after roasting is loaded in graphitizing furnace after coming out of the stove by cooling, and with Colophonium char particle as filler, energising is quickly
Graphitization (can freely heat up), processes and keep 4 hours at maximum temperature 2800 DEG C.
1-E) the stock column jaw crusher after graphitization processing is crushed to below 10mm, is subsequently placed in Raymond mill grinding
To 74 μm, it is milled to 16 finally by fluidized bed air flow crusher (Kunshan close friend's micro jet company limited)
μm。
2, carbon brush blank is prepared
2-A) according to following weight proportion preparation raw material (kg):
2-B) mixing extrusion process
The second segment-the nine section in double helix exrusion mixer (Nanjing Cole gram extrudes Equipment Limited) material chamber is preheated to
120 DEG C, by step 2-A) in raw material at the uniform velocity join in the first paragraph material chamber of double helix exrusion mixer, continue to heat up
To 190 DEG C and carry out mix extrusion process, obtain mixed material；
2-C) milled processed for the first time
Mixed material is placed in Raymond mill pulverizing to 74 μm, is subsequently placed in fluidized bed air flow crusher pulverizing to 48 μ
m。
2-D) mixing, rolls sheet
Double oar mixers are preheated to 150 DEG C, the mixed material being crushed to 48 μm are put in double oar mixer, closes lid
Continue to heat up and mix 60 minutes, when temperature reaches 190 DEG C, then maintain temperature mixing 20 minutes, be then shut off electricity
Source；Take out mixed material, on the rubber mixing machine of preheated nip roll temperature 150-170 DEG C, be carried out continuously three times and roll sheet process,
Material thickness is less than 1.5mm.
2-E) milled processed for the second time
By step 2-D) prepared tablet puts in disintegrating machine, is crushed to below 15mm, is then added in Raymond mill grind
Wear into the powder that particle diameter is 74 μm.
2-F) it is mixed, molds
Above-mentioned powder is joined after double-spiral conical mixer being mixed 120 minutes, by with ferromagnetic discharging opening
Discharge, prepare moulding powder；
Moulding powder is loaded in the floating die of 124mm × 142mm, is placed on 315 tons of four-column hydraulic presses and carries out Bidirectional pressure system,
Preparing carbon brush green billet, wherein, the pressure of compacting is 17MPa.
2-G) calcination process
The Colophonium char particle that thickness is 100 ± 5mm, wherein, the particle diameter of described Colophonium char particle is spread bottom stainless steel crucible
For 2-4mm；
Carbon brush green billet is neatly placed in stainless steel crucible；
Carbon brush green billet surrounding is filled the Colophonium char particle that upper thickness is 30-50mm, and jolt ramming, at stainless steel crucible top
Cover carbon plate, the filling thickness Colophonium char particle no less than 150mm, prevent carbon brush green billet from aoxidizing when roasting；
Being placed in roaster by populated stainless steel crucible, isolation air carries out anaerobic sintering, obtains roasting blank, its
In, under the conditions of maximum temperature 1200 DEG C, it is incubated 5 hours.
2-H) graphitization processing
Dry white carbon black is mated formation bottom graphitizing furnace, compacting, wherein, described in the mat formation thickness of white carbon black be not less than 500mm；
By roasting blank proper alignment in graphitizing furnace, wherein, it is spaced apart 3 ± 1 millimeters between roasting blank；
Colophonium char particle is filled between the carbon brush pressed compact after roasting and surrounding；
By carbon black filled in outermost surrounding；
Open graphitizing furnace power supply, use low-voltage, the heating process of big electric current that roasting blank is carried out graphitization processing,
Obtain.
Wherein, the maximum temperature of graphitization processing is 2800 DEG C, at this temperature insulation 4 hours.
The graphitizing furnace of the present invention uses high frequency switch power, primary voltage 380V, exports secondary voltage 30-70V, electricity
Stream 10000A, graphitizing process can be precisely controlled, and is substantially reduced the energy and Environmental costs, and beneficially carbon brush material
Stable, the raising of material performance.
To prepared carbon brush blank, according to " JB/T 8133.1-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 1st
Part: sample process technology specifies " it is processed into 10mm × 10mm × 64mm sample and the carbon of 12.5mm × 25mm × 40mm
Brush, and according to " JB/T8133.2-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method part 2: resistivity ",
" JB/T8133.3-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method third portion: Rockwell hardness ",
" JB/T8133.7-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 7th part: rupture strength ",
" JB/T8133.14-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 14th part: bulk density ", " JB/T
8155-2001 brush for electromachine runnability test method " carry out performance test, test result is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 2
1. prepare soft carbon powder
Except step 1-A) get the raw materials ready (kg) according to following weight proportion:
Acetylene carbon black 95
Stearic acid 0.4
Mid temperature pitch 24
Outside coal tar 24, remaining is same as in Example 1.
2, carbon brush blank is prepared
2-A) according to following weight proportion preparation raw material (kg):
2-B) mixing extrusion process
The second segment-the nine section in double helix exrusion mixer material chamber is preheated to 110 DEG C, by step 2-A) in raw material even
Speed joins in the first paragraph material chamber of double helix exrusion mixer, is continuously heating to 200 DEG C and carries out mixing extrusion process,
Obtain mixed material；
2-C) milled processed for the first time
Mixed material is placed in Raymond mill pulverizing to 74 μm, is subsequently placed in fluidized bed air flow crusher pulverizing to 48 μ
m。
2-D) mixing, rolls sheet
Double oar mixers are preheated to 155 DEG C, the mixed material being crushed to 48 μm are put in double oar mixer, closes lid
Continuing to heat up and mix 80 minutes, when temperature reaches 190 DEG C, then constant temperature mixes 25 minutes, is then shut off power supply,
Take out mixed material, on the rubber mixing machine of preheated nip roll temperature 150-170 DEG C, be carried out continuously three times and roll sheet process, tablet
Thickness is less than 1.5mm.
2-E) milled processed for the second time
By step 2-D) prepared tablet puts in disintegrating machine, is crushed to below 15mm, is then added in Raymond mill grind
Wear into the powder that particle diameter is 74 μm.
2-F) it is mixed, molds
Above-mentioned powder is joined and double-spiral conical mixer is mixed 110 minutes, then by with ferromagnetic discharging
Mouth is discharged, and prepares moulding powder；
Moulding powder is loaded in the floating die of 124mm × 142mm, is placed on 315 tons of four-column hydraulic presses and carries out Bidirectional pressure system,
Preparing carbon brush green billet, wherein, the pressure of compacting is 18MPa.
2-G) calcination process is same as in Example 1.
2-H) graphitization processing is same as in Example 1.
To prepared carbon brush blank, according to " JB/T 8133.1-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 1st
Part: sample process technology specifies " it is processed into 10mm × 10mm × 64mm sample and the carbon of 12.5mm × 25mm × 40mm
Brush, and according to " JB/T8133.2-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method part 2: resistivity ",
" JB/T8133.3-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method third portion: Rockwell hardness ",
" JB/T8133.7-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 7th part: rupture strength ",
" JB/T8133.14-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 14th part: bulk density ", " JB/T
8155-2001 brush for electromachine runnability test method " carry out performance test, test result is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 3
1. prepare soft carbon powder
Except step 1-A) get the raw materials ready (kg) according to following weight proportion:
Acetylene carbon black 105
Stearic acid 0.6
Mid temperature pitch 26
Outside coal tar 26, remaining is same as in Example 1.
2, carbon brush blank is prepared
2-A) according to following weight proportion preparation raw material (kg):
2-B) mixing extrusion process
The second segment-the nine section in double helix exrusion mixer material chamber is preheated to 130 DEG C, by step 2-A) in raw material even
Speed joins in the first paragraph material chamber of double helix exrusion mixer, is continuously heating to 210 DEG C and carries out mixing extrusion process,
Obtain mixed material；
2-C) milled processed for the first time
Mixed material is placed in Raymond mill pulverizing to 74 μm, is subsequently placed in fluidized bed air flow crusher pulverizing to 48 μ
m。
2-D) mixing, rolls sheet
Double oar mixers are preheated to 160 DEG C, the mixed material being ground to 48 μm are put in double oar mixer, covers
Lid continues to heat up and mix 70 minutes, when temperature reaches 190 DEG C, then maintains temperature mixing 30 minutes, then closes
Close power supply, take out mixed material, on the rubber mixing machine of preheated nip roll temperature 150-170 DEG C, be carried out continuously three times and roll at sheet
Reason, material thickness is less than 1.5mm.
2-E) milled processed for the second time
By step 2-D) prepared tablet puts in disintegrating machine, is crushed to below 15mm, is then added in Raymond mill grind
Wear into the powder that particle diameter is 74 μm.
2-F) mixing, molds
Above-mentioned powder is joined and double-spiral conical mixer mixes 130 minutes, then by with ferromagnetic discharging
Mouth is discharged, and prepares moulding powder；
Moulding powder is loaded in the floating die of 124mm × 142mm, is placed on 315 tons of four-column hydraulic presses and carries out Bidirectional pressure system,
Preparing pressed compact, wherein, the pressure of compacting is 19MPa.
2-G) calcination process is same as in Example 1.
2-H) graphitization processing is same as in Example 1.
To prepared carbon brush blank, according to " JB/T 8133.1-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 1st
Part: sample process technology specifies " it is processed into 10mm × 10mm × 64mm sample and the carbon of 12.5mm × 25mm × 40mm
Brush, and according to " JB/T8133.2-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method part 2: resistivity ",
" JB/T8133.3-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method third portion: Rockwell hardness ",
" JB/T8133.7-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 7th part: rupture strength ",
" JB/T8133.14-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 14th part: bulk density ", " JB/T
8155-2001 brush for electromachine runnability test method " carry out performance test, test result is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 4
Except preparing step 2-A of carbon brush blank) according to following weight proportion preparation raw material (kg): soft carbon powder 45；
Spray carbon black 8；Needle-like Colophonium coke powder 8；Graphite powder 3；Azodicarbonamide 0.1；Colophonium oxidization fiber 0.5；Stearic
Acid calcium 0.3；Outside modified coal tar pitch 32, remaining is same as in Example 1.
To prepared carbon brush blank, according to " JB/T 8133.1-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 1st
Part: sample process technology specifies " it is processed into 10mm × 10mm × 64mm sample and the carbon of 12.5mm × 25mm × 40mm
Brush, and according to " JB/T8133.2-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method part 2: resistivity ",
" JB/T8133.3-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method third portion: Rockwell hardness ",
" JB/T8133.7-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 7th part: rupture strength ",
" JB/T8133.14-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 14th part: bulk density ", " JB/T
8155-2001 brush for electromachine runnability test method " carry out performance test, test result is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 5
Except preparing step 2-A of carbon brush blank) according to following weight proportion preparation raw material (kg): soft carbon powder 60；
Spray carbon black 6；Needle-like Colophonium coke powder 8；Graphite powder 3；Hard resin 1.0；Class Graphene 0.2；Phthalic acid
Dibutyl ester 1.0；Outside modified coal tar pitch 32, remaining is same as in Example 2.
To prepared carbon brush blank, according to " JB/T 8133.1-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 1st
Part: sample process technology specifies " it is processed into 10mm × 10mm × 64mm sample and the carbon of 12.5mm × 25mm × 40mm
Brush, and according to " JB/T8133.2-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method part 2: resistivity ",
" JB/T8133.3-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method third portion: Rockwell hardness ",
" JB/T8133.7-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 7th part: rupture strength ",
" JB/T8133.14-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 14th part: bulk density ", " JB/T
8155-2001 brush for electromachine runnability test method " carry out performance test, test result is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 6
Except preparing step 2-A of carbon brush blank) according to following weight proportion preparation raw material (kg): soft carbon powder 60；
Spray carbon black 5；Needle-like Colophonium coke powder 8；Graphite powder 5；Starch 3；Carbon fiber 3；Macromolecule complex ester (G32-1) 1.0；
Outside modified coal tar pitch 30, remaining is same as in Example 3.
To prepared carbon brush blank, according to " JB/T 8133.1-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 1st
Part: sample process technology specifies " it is processed into 10mm × 10mm × 64mm sample and the carbon of 12.5mm × 25mm × 40mm
Brush, and according to " JB/T8133.2-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method part 2: resistivity ",
" JB/T8133.3-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method third portion: Rockwell hardness ",
" JB/T8133.7-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 7th part: rupture strength ",
" JB/T8133.14-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 14th part: bulk density ", " JB/T
8155-2001 brush for electromachine runnability test method " carry out performance test, test result is shown in Table 1.
Reference examples
Traditional traction electric machine factory formula and technique is used to prepare carbon brush material
1, according to following weight proportion preparation raw material (kg):
Wherein, described white carbon black one stage, material was by acetylene carbon black/spray carbon black and mid temperature pitch and the compound of coal tar/carbolineum,
Fired, broken, pulverizing prepares, and is raw material during conventional production.
Wherein, described electrical carbon graphite refers to the crystalline graphite powder of phosphorus content 94/95%.
2) material mixes, rolls sheet
Mixer is preheated to more than 120 DEG C, in mixer, puts into spraying carbon black, white carbon black one stage material, electrical carbon successively
After graphite, close the lid, continue heat up and mix 30 minutes；Then in mixer, mid temperature pitch it is uniformly added into, lid
Upper cover, continues to heat up and mix 45 minutes, after material temperature reaches 165 DEG C, continues to close lid constant temperature and mixes 60 minutes,
Close power supply, take out mixed material；On the rubber mixing machine of preheated nip roll temperature 140-150 DEG C, it is carried out continuously three times and rolls sheet
Processing, material thickness is less than 2mm.
3) pulverize
By step 2) prepare mixture tablet crush, be placed in universal mill and grind to form the powder that granularity is 74 μm.
4) mold
Powder is loaded in the floating die of 124mm × 142mm, suppress in being placed in 315 tons of four-column hydraulic presses, prepare raw
Base, wherein, compressing pressure is 14MPa.
5) roasting, graphitization
Being loaded by pressed compact in stainless steel crucible, fill quartz sand filler, jolt ramming, isolation air carries out anaerobic sintering, wherein,
The highest sintering temperature is 1200 DEG C, at this temperature insulation 5 hours.
Being loaded in graphitizing furnace by pressed compact after roasting, roasting blank surrounding, with carbon black filled, carries out graphitization processing, i.e.
?.Wherein, graphitization processing maximum temperature is 2600-2800 DEG C, keeps 4 hours at this temperature,.
To prepared carbon brush blank, according to " JB/T 8133.1-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 1st
Part: sample process technology specifies " it is processed into 10mm × 10mm × 64mm sample and the carbon of 12.5mm × 25mm × 40mm
Brush, and according to " JB/T8133.2-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method part 2: resistivity ",
" JB/T8133.3-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method third portion: Rockwell hardness ",
" JB/T8133.7-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 7th part: rupture strength ",
" JB/T8133.14-2013 electric carbon product physical and chemical performance test method the 14th part: bulk density ", " JB/T
8155-2001 brush for electromachine runnability test method " carry out performance test, test result is shown in Table 1.
Table 1 properties of product testing result
The testing result of table 1 shows, uses locomotive traction motor carbon brush prepared by the inventive method, and resistivity is
48-54μΩ.m；Rupture strength >=25MPa；Commutation/conduction opposite sex ratio is 1.35-1.42；50H wear rate≤0.050mm.
Claims (10)
1. the preparation method of a locomotive traction motor carbon brush, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
1) in a heated condition, by soft carbon powder, spraying carbon black, Colophonium coke powder, graphite powder, pore creating material, orientation auxiliary agent,
Modified coal tar pitch and lubricant carry out mixing extrusion process, obtain mixed material；
2) it is ground mixed material processing, obtains the first mixed powder；
3) in a heated condition, process carrying out rolling sheet after the first mixed powder mixing, obtain sheet material；
4) carry out sheet material pulverizing, milled processed, obtain the second mixed powder；
5) after the second mixed powder mixing, it is pressed into carbon brush pressed compact；
6) carbon brush pressed compact is carried out successively calcination process, graphitization processing, to obtain final product.
Preparation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 1) described in soft carbon powder according to such as
Lower step is prepared from:
1-A) in a heated condition, by acetylene carbon black and stearic acid mix homogeneously, the first compound is obtained；
1-B) continue in a heated condition, in the first compound, add mid temperature pitch, coal tar, mix homogeneously, obtain the
Two compounds；
1-C) the second compound is pressed into stock column；
1-D) stock column is carried out successively calcination process, quick graphitization processing, attrition grinding process, to obtain final product；
Wherein, the weight of described acetylene carbon black, stearic acid, mid temperature pitch and coal tar is: acetylene carbon black
95-105, stearic acid 0.4-0.6, mid temperature pitch 24-26, coal tar 24-26.
Preparation method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that step 1-A) described in heating temperature be 140-160
DEG C, incorporation time is 15-25min；Step 1-B) described in heating temperature be 140-160 DEG C, incorporation time is
50-70min。
Preparation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described pore creating material is starch, carbamide, azo two
One or more in Methanamide or hard resin.
Preparation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described orientation auxiliary agent be boron nitride, titanium dioxide,
One or more in fluorographite, Colophonium oxidization fiber, carbon fiber, graphite fibre or class Graphene.
Preparation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described lubricant is stearic acid, stearic acid gold
Belong to one or more in salt, phthalate, macromolecule complex ester.
Preparation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described soft carbon powder, spray carbon black, Colophonium
The weight of coke powder, graphite powder, pore creating material, orientation auxiliary agent, modified coal tar pitch and lubricant is: soft carbon powder 45-60,
Spray carbon black 5-15, Colophonium coke powder 8-15, graphite powder 3-8, pore creating material 0.1-3.0, orientation auxiliary agent 0.2-3.0, change
Matter Colophonium 30-33, lubricant 0.3-1.0.
Preparation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 5) described in compressing pressure be
17-19MPa。
Preparation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 6) described in calcination process include as follows
Step:
The Colophonium char particle that thickness is 100 ± 5mm, wherein, the particle diameter of described Colophonium micelle is spread bottom stainless steel crucible
For 2-4mm；
Carbon brush pressed compact is neatly placed in stainless steel crucible；
Carbon brush pressed compact surrounding is filled the Colophonium char particle that upper thickness is 30-50mm, and jolt ramming, in stainless steel crucible top cover
Upper carbon plate, the filling thickness Colophonium char particle not less than 150mm；
Populated stainless steel crucible is placed in roaster, under isolation air atmosphere, carries out calcination process, wherein, institute
The maximum temperature stating calcination process is 1200 DEG C.
Preparation method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 6) described in graphitization processing include
Following steps:
Dry white carbon black is mated formation bottom graphitizing furnace, compacting, wherein, described in the mat formation thickness of white carbon black be not less than 500mm；
By the carbon brush pressed compact proper alignment after roasting in graphitizing furnace, wherein, the interval between carbon brush pressed compact after roasting
It it is 3 ± 1 millimeters；
Colophonium char particle is filled between the carbon brush pressed compact after roasting and surrounding；
By carbon black filled in outermost surrounding；
Being heated up by graphitizing furnace and the carbon brush pressed compact after roasting carries out graphitization processing, wherein, described graphitization processing is
High-temperature is 2600-2800 DEG C.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106549283A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-03-29 | 湖南大学 | A kind of friction film has resin type electrical carbon material of self-regeneration function and preparation method thereof |
| CN108963709A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-12-07 | 大同新成新材料股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of electric brush for electric tool motor |
| WO2019129624A1 (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-07-04 | Schunk Carbon Technology Gmbh | Carbon brush and production method |
| CN111592355A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-08-28 | 海门市恒昌碳业有限公司 | Carbon block stable in use and preparation process thereof |
| CN112028659A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-12-04 | 湖南大学 | Carbon graphite material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN111592355A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-08-28 | 海门市恒昌碳业有限公司 | Carbon block stable in use and preparation process thereof |
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| CN112028659B (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2021-09-10 | 湖南大学 | Carbon graphite material and preparation method thereof |
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Address after: 215415 Wenzhou Industrial Park, Shuangfeng town, Taicang City, Suzhou, Jiangsu Applicant after: SUZHOU DONEKA NEW MATERIALS Corp.,Ltd. Address before: 215415 Wenzhou Industrial Park, Shuangfeng town, Taicang City, Suzhou, Jiangsu Applicant before: Suzhou southeast better new material Co.,Ltd. Address after: 215415 Wenzhou Industrial Park, Shuangfeng town, Taicang City, Suzhou, Jiangsu Applicant after: Suzhou southeast better new material Co.,Ltd. Address before: 215415 Wenzhou Industrial Park, Shuangfeng town, Taicang City, Suzhou, Jiangsu Applicant before: SUZHOU DONGNAN CARBON TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. |
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