CN107021772A - A kind of preparation method of fibre reinforced pantograph carbon slide - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of fibre reinforced pantograph carbon slide Download PDFInfo
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- CN107021772A CN107021772A CN201710249293.0A CN201710249293A CN107021772A CN 107021772 A CN107021772 A CN 107021772A CN 201710249293 A CN201710249293 A CN 201710249293A CN 107021772 A CN107021772 A CN 107021772A
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- C04B35/71—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents
- C04B35/78—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents containing non-metallic materials
- C04B35/80—Fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like
- C04B35/83—Carbon fibres in a carbon matrix
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
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- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of manufacture method of fibre reinforced pantograph carbon slide, comprise the following steps：1) according to the 45wt% of mid temperature pitch 25；The 50wt% of graphite 35；The 15wt% of carbon fiber 1；The 10wt% of wollastonite 1；The 15wt% of copper powder 1 chooses above-mentioned raw materials；2) graphite pitch kneading thing is obtained after crushing mid temperature pitch and the continuous kneading of graphite, and is crushed at a high speed；3) it is put into after mixing graphite pitch kneading thing, carbon fiber, wollastonite and copper powder in high-speed mixer in mould, hot pressing is then carried out in vulcanizing press；4) sample after the demoulding is calcined；5) sample and impregnating pitch after roasting are placed in vacuum distillation kettle and carry out vacuumizing impregnating by pressure；6) repeat step 4) to 5) repeatedly, progress mechanical treatment can obtain the fibre reinforced pantograph carbon slide after cooling.The excellent combination properties such as fibre reinforced pantograph carbon slide electric conductivity, abrasion resistance and the self lubricity of the present invention；Manufacture method is simple, and large-scale production can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric locomotive technical field, more particularly to a kind of preparation side of fibre reinforced pantograph carbon slide
Method.
Background technology
The bullet train of electric propulsion be by pantograph carbon slide system incessantly with contact line conducting wire CONTACT WITH FRICTION,
Electric current on power network is guided, is transferred to what locomotive electrical system was normally run to maintain electric locomotive.Pantograph carbon is slided
Plate is a kind of contact material for integrating high conductivity, wear resistence and antifriction performance.Because pantograph carbon slide is sudden and violent for a long time
It is exposed in natural environment, is often worked under drying, the moist even bad weather such as sand and dust and sleet, moreover, in high-speed cruising mistake
Cheng Zhong, slide plate and contact line conducting wire constantly produce surge and worn away with mechanical shock, thus as changing most frequency in electric locomotive
It is numerous, the maximum part of consumption.Therefore pantograph carbon slide of the selection with excellent comprehensive performance turns into inevitable, possesses needed for it
Condition be：Good electric conductivity；Excellent abrasion resistance and self lubricity；High mechanical strength, be amenable to certain vibration and
Shock loading and do not damage；Hardness number is less than the hardness of contact wire；Lightweight.
And it is current, domestic pantograph carbon slide is generally using conducts such as graphite, coke powder, carbon black, pitch coke, petroleum cokes
Primary raw material, suitable binding agent is fabricated by by traditional thickener hot extrusion, roasting carbonization technique.But carbon has with graphite
One common disadvantage is that resistance is higher, resistance is generally 40~80m Ω m to the base material after baking, compression strength and
Impact strength is relatively low, and interiors of products micro-crack is more, and frangibility, resistivity are too high and easy heating is so as to causing under performance
The problems such as drop, cause properties of product unstable, the operation that the performance of carbon and graphite substrate much can not meet EMU will
Ask, it is difficult to realize that batch is mass produced.
The content of the invention
The present invention is precisely in order to overcome above-mentioned deficiency, and technical problem to be solved is to provide that a kind of resistivity is low, machinery
The preparation method of intensity height, abrasion resistance and the excellent fibre reinforced pantograph carbon slide of self lubricity.
The present invention is as follows to solve the technical scheme that above-mentioned technical problem is proposed：
A kind of preparation method of fibre reinforced pantograph carbon slide, comprises the following steps：
1) according to mid temperature pitch 25-45wt%；Graphite 35-50wt%；Carbon fiber 1-15wt%；Wollastonite 1-10wt%；
Copper powder 1-15wt% chooses above-mentioned raw materials, and (mass ratio of graphite and mid temperature pitch is preferably 1:0.8)；
2) graphite-pitch kneading thing is obtained after crushing mid temperature pitch and the continuous kneading of graphite, and is crushed at a high speed；
3) mould is put into after graphite-pitch kneading thing, carbon fiber, wollastonite and copper powder is mixed in high-speed mixer
It is interior, then carry out hot pressing in vulcanizing press, hot pressing temperature is 200 DEG C~350 DEG C, pressure is 15~30MPa, dwell time
For 30~40min, then it is stripped；
4) sample after the demoulding is calcined；
5) sample and impregnating pitch after roasting are placed in vacuum distillation kettle, are heated to 140~180 DEG C, preheating
After 20min, progress vacuumizes impregnating by pressure, and vacuum is 0.1MPa, and pressure maintains 0.4~1.0MPa, and the dwell time is
30min~90min；
6) repeat step 4) to 5) repeatedly, finally according to step 4) be calcined, mechanical treatment is carried out after cooling to be obtained
The fibre reinforced pantograph carbon slide.
In such scheme, step 5) in the softening point of impregnating pitch be 80-90 DEG C, quinoline not tolerant content ＜ 0.3%,
Toluene insolubles content is 12%-20%, and coking value is 50%-55%, ash content ＜ 0.2%.
In such scheme, step 2) in obtain concretely comprising the following steps for graphite-pitch kneading thing：Graphite and mid temperature pitch are put
Enter double-screw mixing and pinch comminutor, kneading temperature is 120 DEG C~170 DEG C, feeding rotating speed is 120rpm；Then at room temperature, use
Plastic crusher is by the kneading crushing material of cooling.
In such scheme, step 4) in roasting to take three-stage temperature programming temperature be respectively -200 DEG C of room temperature, 200 DEG C -
800 DEG C, 800 DEG C -1100 DEG C.
In such scheme, step 1) in graphite, carbon fiber, wollastonite and copper powder respectively by silane coupler
Reason.
In such scheme, what silane coupler was handled comprises the following steps that：
1) any of pending graphite, carbon fiber, wollastonite or copper powder material and amino silicane coupling agent are pressed
It is 100 according to mass ratio:0.2-1 is mixed, after then addition ethanol is well mixed；
2) addition acetic acid is adjusted to 3.5~5.5 as hydrolyst, and by pH value；
3) reaction unit is sealed, and 90-100 DEG C is heated to by 2-5 DEG C/min heating rate, it is mechanical at this temperature
Stirring is naturally cooling to room temperature after 4-6 hours；
4) compound is inserted in centrifuge, suction filtration is carried out after centrifugation, filtered material is dried in vacuo through row, insulation
Temperature is at 100-120 DEG C, and inorganic matter conjugate is made in soaking time 8-10 hours.
In such scheme, the step 1) in graphite be powdered, its particle mean size is 80-100 mesh, and resistivity is 80
~130 μ Ω m；The step 1) in copper powder resistivity be 1~3 × 10-2μΩ·m。
In such scheme, the step 1) in mid temperature pitch Shui Fen≤0.3%, Hui Fen≤1%, softening point is 85-
100℃。
In such scheme, the step 1) in carbon fiber be short carbon fiber, length is 1-10mm；The step 1) in
The resistivity of copper powder is 1~3 × 10-2μΩ·m。
In such scheme, the step 1) in the composition of wollastonite be：Granularity is that 1200 mesh account for 70-80wt%；Granularity
20-30wt% is accounted for for 1000 mesh.
The present invention technical concept be：Wollastonite is added in carbon slipper, because the thermal coefficient of expansion of wollastonite is low, therefore
Can efficiently reduce pantograph carbon slide body of material shrinkage factor, the base substrate containing wollastonite also have higher mechanical strength and
Relatively low dielectric absorption.The a small amount of finely dispersed short carbon fiber of addition can make the rupture strength of the overall Material for Pantograph Slide of pure carbon
Improve to more than 20MPa, the electric express locomotive overall pantograph pan of pure carbon is reached by adding short carbon fiber and wollastonite
Combination property requirement.And the bulk strength of pantograph carbon slide is further improved using impregnation technology, improves its performance.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：(1) present invention has poorly conductive, slide plate for used existing product
Low intensity, expensive, service life are short, are conducted electricity very well by the dual improvement being formulated with technique there is provided one kind, and machinery is strong
Degree is high, hardness is larger, the good pantograph carbon slide of abrasion resistance；(2) present invention uses graphite and pitch as base material to wire
Abrasion it is small, self-lubricating property is good, at the same itself and it is wear-resisting；(3) fibre reinforced pantograph carbon slide intensity of the present invention
Height, coefficient of friction is small, light weight, can reduce the infringement to contact net；(4) preparation technology of the present invention is simple, and cost is low, is expected to
Realize commercial application.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the fibre reinforced pantograph carbon slide material of embodiment 1 amplifies 500 times of SEM figures.
Fig. 2 is that the fibre reinforced pantograph carbon slide material of embodiment 1 amplifies 2000 times of SEM figures.
Fig. 3 is that the fibre reinforced pantograph carbon slide material of embodiment 5 amplifies 500 times of SEM figures.
Fig. 4 is that the fibre reinforced pantograph carbon slide material of embodiment 5 amplifies 2000 times of SEM figures.
Embodiment
For a better understanding of the present invention, with reference to the embodiment content that the present invention is furture elucidated, but the present invention
Content is not limited solely to the following examples.
The graphite that the present invention is used is powdered, and its particle mean size is 80-100 mesh, and resistivity is 80~130 μ Ω m；
Shui Fen≤0.3%, Hui Fen≤1% of mid temperature pitch, softening point is 85-100 DEG C；Carbon fiber is short carbon fiber, and length is 1-
10mm；The composition of the wollastonite is：Granularity is 1200 mesh：70-80%, granularity are 1000 mesh：20-30%；The copper powder
Resistivity is (1~3) × 10-2μΩ·m；Selected impregnating pitch softening point is 80-90 DEG C, quinoline not tolerant content (QI) ＜
0.3%, toluene insolubles content (TI) is 12%-20%, and coking value is 50%-55%, ash content ＜ 0.2%.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of preparation method of fibre reinforced pantograph carbon slide, comprises the following steps：
1st, the coupling processing of inorganic filler
(1) it is 100 according to mass ratio by pending graphite and amino silicane coupling agent:0.2-1 is mixed, and then adds second
After alcohol is well mixed；
(2) and then into reactor add acetic acid and make hydrolyst, and pH value is adjusted to 5；
(3) reactor is sealed, and 90 DEG C is heated to by 5 DEG C/min heating rate, mechanical agitation 5 is small at this temperature
When after be naturally cooling to room temperature；
(4) compound is inserted in centrifuge, suction filtration is carried out after centrifugation, filtered material is dried in vacuo through row, protected
Temperature is at 100 DEG C, and inorganic matter conjugate is made in soaking time 8 hours.
Meanwhile, take same step to carry out coupling processing for carbon fiber, wollastonite and copper powder.
2nd, graphite-pitch kneading thing is prepared
(1) according to mid temperature pitch 35.6wt%；Graphite 44.4wt%；Carbon fiber 8.27wt%；Wollastonite 4.13wt%；Copper
Powder 7.6wt% chooses above-mentioned raw materials；
(2) mid temperature pitch and graphite are put into double-screw mixing and pinch comminutor, kneading temperature is 150 DEG C, material pressure be 20MPa,
Feeding rotating speed：120rpm；
(3) when temperature is cooled to room temperature, using plastic crusher by crushing material, kneading and crushing operation 4 times are repeated；
Reuse homogenizer (rotating speed is 28000r/min) and graphite-pitch kneading thing is crushed to 50-100 mesh, step 2 is made)
The graphite-pitch kneading thing.
3rd, fibre reinforced pantograph carbon slide is manufactured
(1) graphite-pitch kneading thing, carbon fiber, wollastonite and copper powder is put into high speed agitator, carries out high-speed stirred
10 minutes, compound is set fully to mix；
(2) material for weighing amount of calculation mixing is put into mould, and hot pressing, hot pressing temperature are then carried out in vulcanizing press
For 200 DEG C, pressure is 20MPa, in the above conditions pressurize 30min, then mould and sample are together put into cooling water, cooling
The demoulding；
(3) the sample embedment after the demoulding is filled in the crucible of quartz sand, completely cuts off air, be then placed within Muffle furnace
Bake, be divided into three sections and take temperature programming：- 200 DEG C of room temperature (1h completes temperature-rise period), 200 DEG C -800 DEG C (6h completes to heat up
Journey), 800 DEG C -1100 DEG C (1h completes temperature-rise period).After cooling, sample is taken out；
(4) sample after impregnating pitch and roasting is placed in vacuum distillation kettle, 160 DEG C is heated to together, carried out pre-
After hot 20min, progress vacuumizes impregnating by pressure, and vacuum is 0.1MPa, and pressure maintains 0.7MPa, and the dwell time is 60min；
(5) sample after dipping is subjected to after baking again, roasting requires identical with step (4), carries out machine after cooling again
Tool processing can obtain finished product.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is roughly the same with embodiment 1, unlike prepare graphite in graphite-pitch kneading thing step with
The proportioning of warm pitch is 1：1.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment is roughly the same with embodiment 1, unlike prepare graphite in graphite-pitch kneading thing step with
The proportioning of warm pitch is 1：0.6.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment is roughly the same with embodiment 1, the difference is that 29.1wt% pitches, 36.4wt% graphite, carbon fiber
13.13wt%, wollastonite 6.57wt%, copper powder 14.8wt%.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment is roughly the same with embodiment 1, the difference is that in the 3, mistake of manufacture fibre reinforced pantograph carbon slide
Cheng Zhong, the roasting of step (3) is carried out 4 times, and the dipping of step (5) is carried out 3 times.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment is roughly the same with embodiment 1, the difference is that pressure maintains 1.0MPa, the dwell time is 90min.
The fibre reinforced pantograph carbon slide that embodiment 1-6 is manufactured carries out performance test, as a result as shown in the table：
It can be seen that the tissue of fibre reinforced Material for Pantograph Slide by dipping is finer and close from Fig. 1 to Fig. 4.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate made example, and the not limitation to embodiment.It is right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description it is other it is various forms of change or
Change.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And the obvious change or change therefore amplified
Move within still in the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of fibre reinforced pantograph carbon slide, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) according to mid temperature pitch 25-45wt%；Graphite 35-50wt%；Carbon fiber 1-15wt%；Wollastonite 1-10wt%；Copper powder
1-15wt% chooses above-mentioned raw materials；
2) graphite-pitch kneading thing is obtained after crushing mid temperature pitch and the continuous kneading of graphite, and is crushed at a high speed；
3) it is put into after graphite-pitch kneading thing, carbon fiber, wollastonite and copper powder is mixed in high-speed mixer in mould, so
Carry out hot pressing in vulcanizing press afterwards, hot pressing temperature is 200 DEG C~350 DEG C, pressure be 15~30MPa, dwell time be 30
~40min, is then stripped；
4) sample after the demoulding is calcined；
5) sample and impregnating pitch after roasting are placed in vacuum distillation kettle, are heated to 140~180 DEG C, preheat 20min
Afterwards, carry out vacuumizing impregnating by pressure, vacuum is 0.1MPa, pressure maintains 0.4~1.0MPa, the dwell time be 30min~
90min；
6) repeat step 4) to 5) repeatedly, finally according to step 4) be calcined, mechanical treatment is carried out after cooling can obtain described
Fibre reinforced pantograph carbon slide.
2. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 5) in the softening point of impregnating pitch be 80-90
DEG C, quinoline not tolerant content ＜ 0.3%, toluene insolubles content is 12%-20%, and coking value is 50%-55%, ash content ＜
0.2%.
3. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 2) in obtain the specific of graphite-pitch kneading thing
Step is：Graphite and mid temperature pitch are put into double-screw mixing and pinch comminutor, kneading temperature is 120 DEG C~170 DEG C, feeding rotating speed is
120rpm；Then at room temperature, using plastic crusher by the kneading crushing material of cooling.
4. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 4) in roasting take three-stage temperature programming temperature
Respectively -200 DEG C of room temperature, 200 DEG C -800 DEG C, 800 DEG C -1100 DEG C.
5. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 1) in graphite, carbon fiber, wollastonite and copper powder
Respectively handled by silane coupler.
6. preparation method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that what silane coupler was handled comprises the following steps that：
1) by any of pending graphite, carbon fiber, wollastonite or copper powder material and amino silicane coupling agent according to matter
Amount is than being 100:0.2-1 is mixed, after then addition ethanol is well mixed；
2) addition acetic acid is adjusted to 3.5~5.5 as hydrolyst, and by pH value；
3) reaction unit is sealed, and 90-100 DEG C is heated to by 2-5 DEG C/min heating rate, at this temperature mechanical agitation
Room temperature is naturally cooling to after 4-6 hours；
4) compound is inserted in centrifuge, suction filtration is carried out after centrifugation, filtered material is dried in vacuo through row, holding temperature
At 100-120 DEG C, inorganic matter conjugate is made in soaking time 8-10 hours.
7. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 1) in graphite be powdered, it is averaged
Granularity is 80-100 mesh, and resistivity is 80~130 μ Ω m；The step 1) in copper powder resistivity be 1~3 × 10-2μ
Ω·m。
8. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 1) in mid temperature pitch Shui Fen≤
0.3%, Hui Fen≤1%, softening point are 85-100 DEG C.
9. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 1) in carbon fiber be short carbon fiber, it is long
Spend for 1-10mm；The step 1) in copper powder resistivity be 1~3 × 10-2μΩ·m。
10. preparation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 1) in the composition of wollastonite be：Granularity
70-80wt% is accounted for for 1200 mesh；Granularity is that 1000 mesh account for 20-30wt%.
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