CN1060194C - 制造染料或其中间体的光气化方法 - Google Patents

制造染料或其中间体的光气化方法 Download PDF

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CN1060194C
CN1060194C CN95111869A CN95111869A CN1060194C CN 1060194 C CN1060194 C CN 1060194C CN 95111869 A CN95111869 A CN 95111869A CN 95111869 A CN95111869 A CN 95111869A CN 1060194 C CN1060194 C CN 1060194C
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dye
trichloromethyl
carbonate
phosgenation
phosgene
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CN1125239A (zh
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彭孝军
于海
黄雁宏
韩锦松
高欣钦
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JIHUA GROUP CO
Dalian University of Technology
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JIHUA GROUP CO
Dalian University of Technology
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09BORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
    • C09B43/00Preparation of azo dyes from other azo compounds
    • C09B43/12Preparation of azo dyes from other azo compounds by acylation of amino groups
    • C09B43/136Preparation of azo dyes from other azo compounds by acylation of amino groups with polyfunctional acylating agents
    • C09B43/14Preparation of azo dyes from other azo compounds by acylation of amino groups with polyfunctional acylating agents with phosgene or thiophosgene

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Abstract

本发明描述了一种制造染料及其中间体的新光气化方法,即利用二(三氯甲基)碳酸酯作为光气的替代物,在水相介质中,与含氨基的水溶性芳烃衍生物或其它偶氮化合物进行光气化反应,形成脲类结构的染料或染料中间体。由于二(三氯甲基)碳酸酯为稳定的固体结晶,运输、贮存、使用极为方便,可准确投料,避免了光气对生态环境毒害的危险性,同时也消除了光气在反应中不断逸出而造成的浪费,节省了资源,免去了复杂的尾气后处理工序和设备。

Description

制造染料或其中间体的光气化方法
本发明属于染料及其中间体的制造方法。
许多染料及其中间体的生产要使用光气,如脲类的直接染料:
Figure 95111869000320
再如:N,N’-二(2-甲氧基-4氨基-5-磺酸基苯基)-脲:N,N’-二(3-磺酸基-4-氨基苯基)-脲:
Figure 95111869000323
它们的合成方法,都是将含有氨基的中间体或单偶氮染料,在中性水溶液中通入光气进行反应而制得:在反应中,滴加氢氧化钠水溶液,保持PH值在中性状态。
上述制备脲类化合物的工艺过程存在以下严重缺点:
1.反应中使用剧毒的光气,给劳动保护和生态环境带来严重的威胁。
2.光气作为气体参加反应时,气液两相反应物接触不好,因而反应速度慢,反应所需时间长;
3.光气在向溶液内不断通入的同时,也不断向外逸出,造成光气的用量常为理论量的4~10倍,不仅造成资源浪费,生产成本增加,而且不得不使用许多设备去处理剧毒尾气;
4.通入光气的量难于控制,因而不能进行定量的光气化反应。
本发明的目的是利用固态的二-(三氯甲基)碳酸酯(简称BTC)替代光气用于上述染料及在中间体的制造过程,以消除使用光气造成的种种缺点。
本发明制造染料或其中间体的光气化方法,其特征在于该方法所用的光气化试剂是二-(三氯甲基)碳酸酯(BTC),在水介质中,用或不用有机碱作催化剂,于0~100℃的反应温度,调节pH值,将含有氨基的芳烃衍生物或偶氮化合物与二-(三氯甲基)碳酸酯按1∶0.17~0.85的摩尔比进行反应,即生成脲类结构的染料或染料中间体。
所适用的染料包括C.I.直接黄26,33,41,42,44,49,50,51,67,69,70等;C.I.直接橙49,69,83,85,96,102,108等;C.I.直接红4,14,23,26,31,36,49,54,62,72,73,75,79,80,83,98,101,120,122,173等;C.I直接紫6,47,62,80,83等;C.I.直接棕112,126,146,148等;C.I.直接绿55等及其中间体的合成。这些化合物都具有如下通式结构:反应式为:其中:Ar、Ar’可以相同或不同。Ar,Ar’可为苯环、萘环或杂环的芳烃,或含这些芳环的单偶氮或多偶氮化合物;芳环上带有-SO3H,-SO3M,-NO2,-OH,-NH2,-CHO,-COOH,-COOM,-F,-Cl,-Br,-I,-NHCOR,-OR,-COOR,-PO3H2,-PO3M2,-PO2H,-PO(OR)2等基团,其中R为含1~12个碳的烷烃或芳烃,或-R’-O-R”(其中R’、R”为含1~12个碳的烷烃或芳烃),M可以是K
生成脲的反应是在水相中进行,水介质最好使用PH缓冲溶液,如:磷酸盐体系、硼酸盐体系等。将上述带有氨基的胺类化合物Ar-NH2或Ar’-NH2溶于水中或悬浮于水中,在很好的搅拌下加入BTC,Ar-NH2Ar’-NH2与BTC的摩尔比为1∶0.17~0.85,反应温度0~100℃,反应过程中加入浓度为1~20%碱(如:NaOH,KOH,Na2CO3等)的水溶液,调节PH值的范围为5.0~8.5,反应中可加入有机碱,如吡啶,甲基吡啶,三乙胺,二甲基甲酰胺,二甲基亚砜等进行催化,有机碱的加入量与Ar-NH2或Ar’-NH2的摩尔比为0~0.1∶1,反应中用薄层或液相色谱控制,原料消失或接近消失为终点。然后,按通常方法进行盐析,得到ArNHCONHAr’(Ar,Ar’可相同或不同)的产品。
本发明利用BTC替代光气用于水相合成染料及其中间体,可避免光气对生态环境毒害的危险性,反应物投料可以准确计量,BTC为稳定的固体结晶,运输、贮存、使用方便。由于没有光气的逸出问题,因此,BTC的用量一般为理论量或稍过量。节省了资源,达到安全生产,消除了污染,减去了原来有毒尾气复杂的后处理工序及其设备。
实施例1
2克 2-氨基-5-萘酚-7-磺酸 溶于50毫升水中,搅拌,滴加10%氢氧化钠,调节pH值为7,升温至40℃,然后加入0.6克BTC,pH控制7左右,反应8小时,升温至60℃,加食盐15克,继续搅拌半小时,冷却,过滤,得猩红酸2.1克,收率为94%。
实施例2
取 2-萘胺-4,8-二磺酸 与间甲苯胺制得单偶氮染料1.9克,溶于40毫升水中,加入0.3克BTC,pH值控制在7.5左右,室温下反应12小时,然后盐析得(C.I.直接黄50)染料1.6克,收率为85%。
实施例3
取水杨酸与对硝基苯胺重氮化、偶合。还原制得的单偶氮染料1.6克溶于60毫升水中,加入0.7克BTC,PH值控制在7.5左右,室温下反应15小时,然后盐析得染料(C.I.直接黄26)1.2克,收率为80%。
实施例4
取对硝基苯胺邻磺酸重氮化与2-氨基-8-萘酚-6-磺酸偶合后还原制得的单偶氮染料2克,溶于PH值为7的磷酸钠盐体系的缓冲溶液中,加入0.2克BTC,搅拌,控制PH值为7左右,于30℃左右下反应8小时,酸析得染料(C.I.直接红75)1.9克,收率为95%左右。

Claims (2)

1.一种制造染料或其中间体的光气化方法,其特征在于该方法所用的光气化试剂是二-(三氯甲基)碳酸酯(BTC),在水介质中,用或不用有机碱作催化剂,于0~100℃的反应温度,调节pH值,将含有氨基的芳烃衍生物或偶氮化合物与二-(三氯甲基)碳酸酯按1∶0.17~0.85的摩尔比进行反应,即生成脲类结构的染料或染料中间体。
2.按照权利要求1所述的光气化方法,其特征在于光气化反应时,含氨基的芳烃衍生物或偶氮化合物与二-(三氯甲基)碳酸酯的摩尔比在1∶0.17~0.85,反应温度为0~100℃时,pH值用无机碱调控在5.0~8.5,水介质为磷酸盐或硼酸盐缓冲溶液体系;用有机碱作催化剂,有机碱是吡啶、甲基吡啶、三乙胺、二甲基甲酰胺或二甲基亚砜,含氨基的芳烃衍生物或偶氮化合物与有机碱的摩尔比为1∶0~0.1。
CN95111869A 1995-07-11 1995-07-11 制造染料或其中间体的光气化方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1060194C (zh)

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CN100402491C (zh) * 2006-07-28 2008-07-16 浙江工业大学 N-取代氨基苯甲醛类化合物的合成方法
CN106590017A (zh) * 2016-12-07 2017-04-26 天津市亚东化工有限公司 直接耐晒黄rs染料制备工艺
CN114539804B (zh) * 2022-03-10 2023-12-15 浙江闰土染料有限公司 红色直接混纺染料的制备方法

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US4699628A (en) * 1985-08-16 1987-10-13 The Atul Products Limited Process for the preparation of a water soluble direct green polyazo dyestuffs mixture in situ and water soluble direct green polyazo dyestuffs mixture obtained thereby

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US4699628A (en) * 1985-08-16 1987-10-13 The Atul Products Limited Process for the preparation of a water soluble direct green polyazo dyestuffs mixture in situ and water soluble direct green polyazo dyestuffs mixture obtained thereby
EP0253933A1 (en) * 1985-08-16 1988-01-27 Atul Products Limited A process for the preparation of a water soluble direct green polyazo dyestuffs mixture in situ and water soluble direct green polyazo dyestuffs mixture obtained thereby

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