CN106018844A - 一种用于人脑疾病检测的试剂盒 - Google Patents

一种用于人脑疾病检测的试剂盒 Download PDF

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CN106018844A
CN106018844A CN201610674212.7A CN201610674212A CN106018844A CN 106018844 A CN106018844 A CN 106018844A CN 201610674212 A CN201610674212 A CN 201610674212A CN 106018844 A CN106018844 A CN 106018844A
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种人脑疾病检测及诊断试剂盒。该试剂盒主要含有用于特异性检测人脑红蛋白的适配体;本试剂盒具有较高的灵敏度,可用于检测样品中脑红蛋白的含量,并可为老年性痴呆、脑梗塞、创伤性脑损伤等涉及到神经元损伤和变性死亡等疾病中的早期诊断及治疗过程中的病程跟踪提供有效的检测手段。

Description

一种用于人脑疾病检测的试剂盒
技术领域
本发明具体涉及一种通过检测人脑红蛋白检测人脑疾病及诊断的试剂盒。
背景技术
脑红蛋白(Neuroglobin,NGB)是体内除了血红蛋白和肌红蛋白之外的第三类重要的携氧蛋白,在神经系统中特异表达,广泛分布于脑组织内。和肌红蛋白一样,脑红蛋白能可逆地结合氧,且与氧有很高的亲和力。肌红蛋白在正常人血清内含量极微,当心肌和骨骼肌损伤时,肌红蛋白可从受损细胞释放,快速入血,导致血清肌红蛋白升高。肌红蛋白已成为临床上一些重要疾病如心肌梗塞、肾功能衰竭等敏感而又特异的生化诊断指标。脑红蛋白和肌红蛋白在功能和性质上具有严格的相似性:脑红蛋白有151个氨基酸,分子量为17千道尔顿,而肌红蛋白则有154个氨基酸,分子量也为17千道尔顿。鉴于脑红蛋白与肌红蛋白在功能上具有严格的相似性,即肌红蛋白负责心肌和骨骼肌的氧供应,脑红蛋白则负责脑的氧供应,两者均能从损伤细胞中释放入血,因此,脑红蛋白在老年性痴呆、脑梗塞、创伤性脑损伤等涉及到神经元损伤和变性死亡等疾病的早期诊断中具有潜在的诊断价值,同时对上述疾病治疗过程中的病程跟踪也具有重要的参考价值。因此,检测血液中脑红蛋白的含量具有重要的意义。
系统进化指数富集技术(SELEX技术)是20世纪90年代初发展起来的一种新的组合化学技术,其运用大容量的随机寡核苷酸文库,结合体外PCR扩增技术,以指数富集与靶分子特异结合的寡核苷酸,经过多轮筛选,获得亲和力高、特异性强的寡核苷酸适配子(aptamers)。该技术己成功运用于许多靶分子的筛选,包括金属离子、有机染料、药物、蛋白质、氨基酸以及各种细胞因子等。
发明内容
本发明的目的是通过系统进化指数富集技术(SELEX技术)筛选脑红蛋白的寡核苷酸适配子来替代抗体,提供一种简洁快速、高灵敏度、高特异性的脑红蛋白早期检测及分离纯化方法。
本发明的技术方案:
本发明中用于系统进化指数富集技术筛选的单链DNA随机文库及引物,由美国invitrogen公司合成,两端为固定序列,中间为41个碱基的随机序列:5'-TGGACCATTACGATCAACTA(N41)TAACCCGATACGATTATCCA-3',库容量为1014以上;
引物1:5'–TGGACCATTACGATCAACTA-3';
引物2:5'-TGGATAATCGTATCGGGTTA-3'。
人脑红蛋白根据(吴永红等,“重组人源脑红蛋白的高效表达、纯化及鉴定”,中国生物工程杂志,2009,29(9):1~6)的方法制备获得;
GelRed核酸染料购于Biotium公司;
硝酸纤维素滤膜购于美国密理博(MilliPore)公司;
寡聚核苷酸的纯化试剂购于北京天为时代公司;
PCR试剂盒和T载体购于美国普洛麦格(ftOmega)公司。
一种亲和人脑红蛋白核酸适配子,其特征在于核苷酸序列为:SEQ ID NO:1-17任一所示的DNA分子。
一种上述亲和人脑红蛋白核酸适配子,其特征在于:具有相同功能的寡核苷酸适配子同源序列占60%以上。
一种上述亲和人脑红蛋白核酸适配子,其特征在于:衍生的RNA序列具有相同的功能。
一种上述亲和人脑红蛋白核酸适配子,其特征在于:为能与DNA序列进行杂交的寡核苷酸序列。
一种上述亲和人脑红蛋白核酸适配子,其特征在于:在核酸适配子的任何位置删除或增加部分寡核苷酸残基所得到的寡核苷酸适配子序列具有相同的功能。
一种上述亲和人脑红蛋白核酸适配子,其特征在于:在核酸适配子的任何位置进行核苷酸种类和稀有碱基的置换后,得到的寡核苷酸适配子序列具有相同的功能。
一种上述亲和人脑红蛋白核酸适配子,其特征在于:在核酸适配子的任何位置进行磷酸化、甲基化、氨基、巯基、同位素、生物素、地高辛、荧光物质、纳米发光材料或酶标记修饰后,得到的寡核苷酸适配子序列具有相同的功能。
一种上述亲和人脑红蛋白核酸适配子,其特征在于:用于人脑红蛋白的检测和分离纯化,从而用于脑疾病的检测。
一种上述亲和人脑红蛋白核酸适配子的制备方法,按以下步骤进行:1)单链DNA随机寡核苷酸文库的合成;2)利用系统进化指数富集方法对寡核苷酸文库进行筛选;3)扩增与人白蛋白特异结合的寡核苷酸;4)进行下一轮筛选,经过12轮以上筛选后获得目的寡核苷酸序列;5)克隆测序。
本发明的优点是:具有简便、快速、经济等特点,与其他组合化学库如随机肽库、抗体库和噬菌体表面展示文库相比,从寡核苷酸文库中筛选出的适配子具许多优势:1)本身是寡核苷酸,分子量较小,可以化学合成,节约成本;2)具有比抗体更高的亲和性和特异性;3)便于标记且可以在不同部位有选择性的标记;4)重复性和稳定性好,且易于保存,即对高温和剧烈条件不敏感。因此,系统进化指数富集技术具有良好的应用前景。
具体实施方式
实施例1人脑红蛋白的制备
根据(吴永红等,“重组人源脑红蛋白的高效表达、纯化及鉴定”,中国生物工程杂志,2009,29(9):1~6)的方法制备获得人脑红蛋白,蛋白浓度为100mg/mL。
实施例2合成随机单链DNA文库和引物
随机单链DNA(ssDNA)文库:5'–TGGACCATTACGATCAACTA(N41)TAACCCGATACGATTATCCA-3',构建了长度为81nt的随机ssDNA文库,两端为固定引物序列,中间为41个碱基的随机序列,库容量为I014以上;引物1:5'–TGGACCATTACGATCAACTA-3';引物2:5'-TGGATAATCGTATCGGGTTA-3';将随机ssDNA文库和两种引物均用TE缓冲液配制成100μmol/L贮存液_20℃贮存备用。
将单链DNA文库扩增为双链DNA,产物经2%琼脂糖凝胶电泳并切胶回收纯化;以回收的双链DNA为模板,体外转录出单链RNA随机文库,转录产物经PAGE纯化。75μg RNA文库经硝酸纤维素膜反筛去除与膜结合的RNA分子,然后与2ug人脑红蛋白蛋白,37℃孵育30min,反应液经硝酸纤维素膜滤过,洗涤滤膜;然后将滤膜剪碎,置于洗脱缓冲液(6mol/L尿素,0.55mol/L醋酸铵,l.5mmol/L EDTA,0.15%SDS)中煮沸5min,离心,取上清,无水乙醇沉淀RNA,并重新溶解于20μ1DEPC水中;以RNA为模板RT-PCR扩增双链DNA,体外转录出RNA文库用于下一轮筛选;每轮筛选过程中RT-PCR得到双链DNA文库,以该双链DNA为模板体外转录出RNA适配子库,筛选共进行10轮。得到了17个适配子,其序列分别为SEQ ID NO:1-17所示。具体序列如下所示:
NGB-1:TGGACCATTACGATCAACTATTCTCAACAACTCCAACTTGTCCCTACCAAATTCGTACTTTTAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
NGB-2:TGGACCATTACGATCAACTAACAATATTCAAATTCTCTAAAACATCTTCCAATTCTCAATATAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
NGB-3:TGGACCATTACGATCAACTATTACACACAATCCTACCTATTTATCCCTACACATTCCCTCATAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
NGB-4:TGGACCATTACGATCAACTAACACACCAACCACTCCCTCTTCGCTTATTATCTCTACATATTAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
NGB-5:TGGACCATTACGATCAACTAACGCTTTATTATCATAAATATACATAACACCCAACACCTCCTAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
NGB-6:TGGACCATTACGATCAACTAATCGCTCAATACTCTGACCTATAATATAACGCTTACCTCCTTAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
NGB-7:TGGACCATTACGATCAACTACTAATACAATTCGCTCTCCCATACACCGCCTAAATTCATAATAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
NGB-8:TGGACCATTACGATCAACTAACTCGCTATATCCTGATATCCCTAACCGTTATACCTATAACTAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
NGB-9:TGGACCATTACGATCAACTATCATTTAATCAATACACATAGTATATATTCCGCCTACATTCTAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
NGB-10:TGGACCATTACGATCAACTACATCGCTAATTAACATCCCATCTGCCCAAAATAATCTTATTTAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
NGB-11:TGGACCATTACGATCAACTATAGACATTGATCATCAGAATAACCCCAACTCCTCCCAATCTTAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
NGB-12:TGGACCATTACGATCAACTATAACACTAATTAATTAAATATACACACTCCTATACCAATATTAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
NGB-13:TGGACCATTACGATCAACTAACATCAGCAATCTCTCGCATATCTTTCATCCCTTCATCATTTAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
NGB-14:TGGACCATTACGATCAACTAAATTCTATCCCAACGCTTACGCTTCCAAGAACATCTCCCTATAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
NGB-15:TGGACCATTACGATCAACTACTATTGAACATATTAGATCCGCACAATCTTTGTACATATACTAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
NGB-16:TGGACCATTACGATCAACTAAAGATTATCCATAATGTTATAGTAACTCTGTAAACACTTTATAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
NGB-17:TGGACCATTACGATCAACTAATAGATCATCCGCTTTAACCCCGATAACTCTAAACGACTAATAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
实施例3蛋白结合适配子的性能测定
将适配子分别取2.0μg,用牛小肠碱性磷酸酶(CIP)37℃消化lh,纯化回收去磷酸化的RNA;通过T4多核苷酸激酶标记[γ-32P]ATP于去磷酸化的RNA分子末端。10nmol放射性标记的适配子分别与不同浓度(1-200nM)的人脑红蛋白37℃孵育30min,各组反应液经硝酸纤维素膜滤过,洗涤滤膜,干燥滤膜,液闪计数仪测定滤膜上残留的放射量,同一样品平行做两次测定。计算各个适配子与目的蛋白的解离常数。结果如下:
实施例4所述适配子特异性分析以及稳定性分析
分别采用人血白蛋白,免疫血清球蛋白,pg120蛋白,大肠杆菌外膜蛋白A,脑红蛋白,与17条适配子进行特异性检测,经过结合试验发现,这些适配子都不与这些蛋白相结合,而只与人蛋白结合保持较高的特异性。
将所述的适配子,取0.2ug,分别置于常温的血清、水溶液中,放置二周。通过RT-PCR检测,发现二周的放置其结构稳定,没有被降解。
实施例5所述适配子疾病的诊断
取8个老年性痴呆和脑梗塞患者和4个正常人的血液,使用生理盐水稀释,获得目标样本。
将17个偶联有标记的适配子分别与8个患者以及4个正常人的样本混合40min,通过生物素分离,定量分析其中的人脑红蛋白的含量,通过分析发现,8个患者中脑红蛋白的含量显著增加,超过了规定的阈值。达到了相应脑病的诊断标准。由此可见,其诊断效果较好。
以上仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
序列表
〈110〉卢美珍
〈120〉一种用于人脑疾病检测的试剂盒
〈160〉17
〈210〉1
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NGB-1
TGGACCATTACGATCAACTATTCTCAACAACTCCAACTTGTCCCTACCAAATTCGTACTTTTAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
〈210〉2
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NGB-2
TGGACCATTACGATCAACTAACAATATTCAAATTCTCTAAAACATCTTCCAATTCTCAATATAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
〈210〉3
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NGB-3
TGGACCATTACGATCAACTATTACACACAATCCTACCTATTTATCCCTACACATTCCCTCATAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
〈210〉4
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NGB-4
TGGACCATTACGATCAACTAACACACCAACCACTCCCTCTTCGCTTATTATCTCTACATATTAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
〈210〉5
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NGB-5
TGGACCATTACGATCAACTAACGCTTTATTATCATAAATATACATAACACCCAACACCTCCTAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
〈210〉6
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NGB-6
TGGACCATTACGATCAACTAATCGCTCAATACTCTGACCTATAATATAACGCTTACCTCCTTAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
〈210〉7
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NGB-7
TGGACCATTACGATCAACTACTAATACAATTCGCTCTCCCATACACCGCCTAAATTCATAATAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
〈210〉8
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NGB-8
TGGACCATTACGATCAACTAACTCGCTATATCCTGATATCCCTAACCGTTATACCTATAACTAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
〈210〉9
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NGB-9
TGGACCATTACGATCAACTATCATTTAATCAATACACATAGTATATATTCCGCCTACATTCTAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
〈210〉10
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NGB-10
TGGACCATTACGATCAACTACATCGCTAATTAACATCCCATCTGCCCAAAATAATCTTATTTAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
〈210〉11
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NGB-11
TGGACCATTACGATCAACTATAGACATTGATCATCAGAATAACCCCAACTCCTCCCAATCTTAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
〈210〉12
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NGB-12
TGGACCATTACGATCAACTATAACACTAATTAATTAAATATACACACTCCTATACCAATATTAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
〈210〉13
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NGB-13
TGGACCATTACGATCAACTAACATCAGCAATCTCTCGCATATCTTTCATCCCTTCATCATTTAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
〈210〉14
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NGB-14
TGGACCATTACGATCAACTAAATTCTATCCCAACGCTTACGCTTCCAAGAACATCTCCCTATAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
〈210〉15
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NGB-15
TGGACCATTACGATCAACTACTATTGAACATATTAGATCCGCACAATCTTTGTACATATACTAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
〈210〉16
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NGB-16
TGGACCATTACGATCAACTAAAGATTATCCATAATGTTATAGTAACTCTGTAAACACTTTATAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;
〈210〉17
〈211〉 81
〈212〉DNA
〈213〉人工序列
〈400〉NGB-17
TGGACCATTACGATCAACTAATAGATCATCCGCTTTAACCCCGATAACTCTAAACGACTAATAACCCGATACGATTATCCA;

Claims (2)

1.一种用于人脑疾病检测的试剂盒,其含有能特异性与人脑红蛋白结合的核酸适体。
2.如权利要求1所述的试剂盒,其特征在于:所述核酸适体序列如SEQ ID No:4所述。
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