CN106014412A - Method for ladder-structured filling and re-mining of remnant coal pillar groups in remnant mining areas - Google Patents

Method for ladder-structured filling and re-mining of remnant coal pillar groups in remnant mining areas Download PDF

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CN106014412A
CN106014412A CN201610468088.9A CN201610468088A CN106014412A CN 106014412 A CN106014412 A CN 106014412A CN 201610468088 A CN201610468088 A CN 201610468088A CN 106014412 A CN106014412 A CN 106014412A
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mining
filling
exploiting field
coal column
ladder type
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CN106014412B (en
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冯国瑞
白锦文
郭军
戚庭野
张玉江
郭峰
张钰亭
宋凯歌
康立勋
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Taiyuan University of Technology
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21CMINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C41/00Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/16Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/18Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21FSAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F15/00Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21FSAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F15/00Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
    • E21F15/005Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings characterised by the kind or composition of the backfilling material

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for ladder-structured filling and re-mining of remnant coal pillar groups in remnant mining areas. According to the method, filling molds are constructed and mounted on the basis that the remnant coal pillar groups in the remnant mining areas and the pillar mining area distribution condition are explored and made clear, the remnant coal pillar groups in the remnant mining areas are sequentially subjected to side protection in the manner of double-side filling beside each pillar, and a mechanized short-wall re-mining working face is arranged, and the remnant coal pillar groups in the remnant mining areas are recovered safely. With the adoption of the method, the mining rate of coal resources can be increased, the economic benefits of enterprises can be increased, besides, dynamic disasters such as instant instability, domino instability and the like occurring to pillar type filling bodies in the mining areas under the coupling function of multiple factors can be avoided, and accordingly, long-term stability of the pillar type filling bodies in the mining areas after re-mining of remnant coal is guaranteed.

Description

The method that coal column group is left in a kind of ladder type structure residual exploiting field of filling second mining
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of coal exploitation, especially relate to a kind of ladder type structure residual exploiting field of filling second mining and abandon coal mining The method of charcoal resource, is primarily adapted for use in residual exploiting field and abandons the safe working adopting coal resources.
Background technology
Limited by history technology, economic dispatch condition, China's many collieries occur in that when coal resources start adopt thickness abandon thin, Adopt fertilizer lose thin, adopt and excellent abandon bad and adopt phenomenons such as easily abandoning difficulty, cause many abandoning of block section coal column to be adopted;Meanwhile, many mining areas are generally adopted Maintain the stability of stope overlying strata with barrier system exploitation, and then prevent or reduce mining influence to above ground structure, water body Damage with railway etc..Above-mentioned recovery activity so that many not of uniform size, crisscross coal column groups left over by stope.
Residual exploiting field is left over coal column group and is extensively composed in China's many mining areas and deposit, especially since resource consolidation, in Datong, The mining areas such as Western Hills and the Lushui River peace are found more and more, and its reserves are considerable.In recent years, along with coal resources finiteness and consumption thereof The contradiction of demand unlimitedness, residual exploiting field is left over the second mining of coal column group and is increasingly becoming numerous researchers and engineering Personnel's focus of attention, it has good extraction value.Recycle this part and abandon the coal resources adopted, be possible not only to improve The recovery ratio of resource, enterprise economic benefit, and mine service-life can be extended, promote sustainable development.
Chinese patent CN102758630A discloses a kind of strip-type filling displacement, arch (bridge) type filling displacement, continuous way are filled Fill and change and the method for compartment filling displacement back production faults protecting coal column;Chinese invention patent CN1963149A discloses one The recovery method of replacement of banded coal under building by waste rock;Chinese invention patent CN102392643A is by setting under building Coal mining width and retain the width of coal column, has exploited the coal resources of one fixed width, then initially with the mode of filling mining Carry out secondary driving and back production to retaining coal column, have effectively achieved the recovery leaving over coal column under building;Chinese invention is special A kind of method that profit CN101725352A proposes filling solid and fully mechanizing and recovering room type coal pillar, eliminates room formula coal column nature, adopts Dead zone tight roof large area caving forms the potential safety hazard such as hurricane and earth's surface large area sinking;Chinese invention patent CN103527196A utilizes the loess filler as goaf on ground, uses high speed motive force throwing machine and bull-dozer to coordinate The mode of effect has carried out goaf backfill, and then the displacement achieving room, goaf formula coal column is reclaimed.Aforementioned invention energy Enough effectively recycle residual exploiting field abandon adopt leave over coal column group, but rarely have and pay close attention to the long-term steady of stope filling body after the residual coal of second mining Qualitative.
Residual exploiting field is left over after coal column group replaces second mining, and the stress of stope filling body (especially pillar obturator) is also Can gradually be converted to the load of integrated distribution, it is at long-term concentrfated load, adjacent coal seam mining influence, water in gob area, nature Under the coupling of the factors such as ignition and stratum high-temperature, wall caving inbreak can from outward appearance to inner essence occur, and then occur loaded area to subtract The phenomenons such as little and support strength reduction, and cause fall damage.The shock wave transfer produced when the instantaneous unstability of stope filling body is expanded When being scattered to neighbouring obturator, the unstable failure of stope filling body " dominoes " formula may be caused, and then cause bump Deng dynamic disaster, and bring the damage of subsidence and building, railway and water body etc..
To sum up, need a kind of method that coal column group is left in safety, science and the residual exploiting field of high efficiente callback of finding badly, and then come real Now abandon the safe second mining adopting coal resources, and the long-time stability of stope filling body after the residual coal of second mining can be ensured, it is to avoid be multifactor The generation of the dynamic disaster such as instantaneous unstability or " dominoes " unstability under coupling.
Summary of the invention
It is desirable to provide the method that coal column group is left in a kind of ladder type structure residual exploiting field of filling second mining, coal can not only be realized The raising of charcoal resource recovery ratio and the lifting of Business Economic Benefit, and it is avoided that stope pillar filling under various factors coupling effect There is the dynamic disaster such as instantaneous unstability or " dominoes " unstability in body, and then ensures stope pillar obturator after residual coal second mining Long-time stability.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
In exploration, the method that coal column group is left in a kind of ladder type structure residual exploiting field of filling second mining, finds out that coal column group and post are left in residual exploiting field On the basis of the distribution situation of territory, exploiting field, construct and be mounted with filling mould, use the mode side successively of the other bilateral filling of post to protect residual Coal column group is left in exploiting field, and arranges short arm mechanized second mining work surface, it is achieved that the safe retrieving of coal column group is left in residual exploiting field. Described technical scheme specifically follows the steps below:
(1) combining the original geology of Resource-exhausted mine, technical data, exploration finds out that coal column group and territory, post exploiting field are left in residual exploiting field Distributing position, draw residual exploiting field and leave over coal column group and the distributional pattern figure in territory, post exploiting field, in investigation territory, post exploiting field, mine water amasss Situation is deposited in the poly-tax with harmful gas;
(2) basic parameter of design ladder type structure filling, end length, hang down height, haunch and waist including ladder type structure obturator are long.
(3) according to the ladder type structure filling parameters determined in step (2), construct and install filling mould;
(4) leave over the stress of coal column group according to residual exploiting field, determine the intensity of ladder type structure obturator, and prepare filling cream Body;
(5) under the effect of filling pump, use the mode of the other bilateral filling of post, fill paste prepared by step (4) is uniformly noted Enter in the territory, post exploiting field that coal column both sides are left in residual exploiting field so that it is solidify in filling mould, harden, residual exploiting field is left over coal column and produces Effect is protected in raw side;
(6) arrange short arm mechanized second mining work surface, use retrusive caving method second mining through ladder type structure filling side protect residual Coal column is left in exploiting field;
(7) treat that step (6) leaves over coal pillar mining complete, repeat the construction technology of step (4) ~ (6), use ladder type structure filling Mode side Hu Can exploiting field successively neighbouring leave over coal column group, make to abandon and adopt the safest second mining of coal resources.
Preferably, coal column group is left over for border coal column, safety pillar, structure coal column, section coal pillar, cutter in described residual exploiting field Post coal column, strip coal pillar or one or several combination of room formula coal column.
Preferably, in described step (1), three-dimensional laser scanner exploration is used to find out that the width of coal column group is left in residual exploiting field Degree, highly, distributed areas and unstability situation thereof, understand distribution orientation, size and the volume in territory, post exploiting field, by prospecting by boring, In the method investigation territory, post exploiting field that physical prospecting and chemistry exploration combine, the accumulation of mine water deposits situation with the tax of harmful gas.
Preferably, length at the bottom of the top of ladder type structure obturator in described step (2)aLong for lower bottomb1/3, its Length at the bottom of middle and upper partaBeing 3 ~ 8m, lower bottom is longbIt is 9 ~ 24m.
Preferably, the vertical height of ladder type structure obturator in described step (2)hWith the height phase that coal column is left in residual exploiting field With.
Preferably, the haunch of ladder type structure obturator in described step (2)αIt it is 20 ° ~ 75 °.
Preferably, in described step (2), the waist of ladder type structure obturator is longlAccording to vertical heighthAnd haunchαDetermine,l=h/sinα
Preferably, the described filling mould in step (3) is connected by oblique side template and bottom side template and forms, the folder of the two Angle is 20 ° ~ 75 °;The installation site of filling mould need to determine according to the lower bottom length of ladder type structure obturator.
Preferably, the described filling mould in step (3) by wooden three-ply board nail system or is welded shape by steel material Becoming, the plagioclase of oblique side template is equal with the waist length of ladder type structure obturator, and thickness is 5cm ~ 15cm;The width of bottom side template is 5 ~ 15m, thickness is 5cm ~ 15cm.
Preferably, the aggregate of the described fill paste in step (4) select coal mine gob spoil, discarded concrete or One or more in alkaline residue, cementitious matter is selected one or more in cement, flyash or discarded cotton fibre, and is aided with water and gathers Carboxylic acid high efficiency water reducing agent;Fill paste is by aggregate: cementitious matter: high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid: water=60% ~ 75%:8% ~ 10%:2% ~ The mass percent of 5%:15% ~ 25% is formulated, and the concentration of fill paste is 60% ~ 85%.
Preferably, in described step (5), the intensity after ladder type structure obturator setting and hardening is 5 ~ 20MPa, can not only Ensure that residual exploiting field is left over stope overlying strata after coal column group's second mining and less movement and deformation occurred, and beneficially ladder type structure obturator Long-time stability.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
This invention, on the basis of exploration finds out that coal column group and territory, post exploiting field distribution situation are left in residual exploiting field, is constructed and is mounted with filling Mould, uses the mode side Hu Liaocan successively of post other bilateral slicing and filling to leave in exploiting field coal column group, and arranges short arm mechanized Second mining work surface, coal column group is left in the residual exploiting field of safe retrieving.A kind of ladder type of this disclosure of the invention structure filling second mining residual exploiting field The method leaving over coal column group, can not only realize the raising of coal resources recovery ratio and the lifting of Business Economic Benefit, and can keep away Exempt from stope pillar obturator under various factors coupling effect and the dynamic disaster such as instantaneous unstability or " dominoes " unstability occurs, and then Ensure the long-time stability of stope pillar obturator after residual coal second mining.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that coal column group and territory, post exploiting field distributional pattern figure are left in residual exploiting field;
Fig. 2 is the parameter schematic diagram of ladder type structure obturator;
Fig. 3 is that ladder type constructs filling mould schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is that coal column group's schematic diagram is left in the ladder type structure residual exploiting field of filling second mining.Wherein, Fig. 4-1 constructs filling side for ladder type Protect residual exploiting field and leave over coal column schematic diagram;Fig. 4-2 leaves over coal column schematic diagram for the ladder type structure residual exploiting field of filling second mining;Fig. 4-3 is ladder Formula structure Hu Can exploiting field, filling side is neighbouring leaves over coal column schematic diagram;Fig. 4-4 loses for the ladder type structure residual exploiting field of filling second mining is neighbouring Stay coal column schematic diagram.
In figure: 1 leaves over coal column;2 territory, post exploiting fields;3 ladder type structure obturators;4 oblique side templates;5 bottom side forms Plate;aLength at the bottom of the top of ladder type obturator;bThe lower bottom of ladder type obturator is long;hHanging down of ladder type obturator High;αThe haunch of ladder type obturator;lThe waist of ladder type obturator is long.
Detailed description of the invention
Following example are intended to schematically illustrate the present invention and explain, not delimit the scope of the invention.
In order to the technical goal of the present invention, feature and effect are had clearer understanding, in conjunction with accompanying drawing to a kind of ladder type The structure residual exploiting field of filling second mining is left over the method for coal column group and is described in further detail.
Fiber crops Di Wan colliery is the typical old ore deposit of resource scarcity type within the border, Loufan County, is faced with constant rate of production, improves productivity ratio With promote the problems such as economic benefit.The eighties in 20th century, coal seam, fiber crops Di Wan colliery 9 uses tool post method to exploit, makes Obtain the residual exploiting field of tool post formula and leave over substantial amounts of coal column group.The residual exploiting field of tool post formula, No. 9 coal seams is left over coal column group and is had good second mining Recovery value, increasingly becomes numerous researchers and engineers and technicians' focus of attention in recent years.Fiber crops Di Wan colliery 9 coal The safe second mining of coal column is left in the layer residual exploiting field of tool post formula, is possible not only to recycle valuable coal resources, and can avoid The dynamic disaster that coal column group's unstability causes is left in residual exploiting field.But, the existing second mining leaving over coal column is theoretical focus mostly on technology in Part filling, mainly considers residual exploiting field and leaves over " displaced type " recovery of coal column group, but rarely have the residual stope filling body of concern growing Long-time stability under phase multifactorial superposition.For above-mentioned situation, the implementation process to the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings It is described in further detail.
Step one, in conjunction with fiber crops original geology in Di Wan colliery, technical data, uses three-dimensional laser scanner exploration to find out 9 Number residual exploiting field of tool post formula, coal seam leave over coal column 1 width, highly, distributed areas and unstability situation thereof, understand territory, post exploiting field 2 point Cloth orientation, size, volume and overlying strata thereof are caving situation;Result shows: fiber crops are left in the residual exploiting field of tool post formula, No. 9 coal seams, Di Wan colliery Coal column 1 and territory, post exploiting field 2 are alternately uniformly distributed, and the mean breadth leaving over coal column 1 is 16m, and average height is 11.7m, stability Preferably;The mean breadth in territory, post exploiting field 2 is 40m, average height is 11.7m, and overlying strata directly push up generation and shear inbreak;Draw fiber crops ground Coal column 1 and the distributional pattern figure in territory, post exploiting field 2 are left over, as shown in Figure 1 in the residual exploiting field of tool post formula, No. 9 coal seams, colliery, gulf.
Step 2, the basic parameter of design fiber crops tool post formula residual exploiting field, No. 9 coal seams, Di Wan colliery ladder type structure filling, mainly Have: 1. a length of 4m, a length of 12m of lower bottom at the bottom of the top of ladder type structure obturator 3;2. the ladder type structure vertical height of obturator 3 and No. 9 The height that coal column 1 is left in residual exploiting field, coal seam is identical, is 11.7m;3. the haunch of ladder type structure obturator 3 is 50 °;4. ladder type structure Make a length of 15.27m of waist of obturator 3, as shown in Figure 2.
Step 3, according to the basic parameter of the ladder type structure obturator 3 determined in step 2, constructs ladder type structure filling mould Tool.Filling mould is formed by wooden three-ply board nail system, is made up of oblique side template 4 and bottom side template 5, and the angle of the two is 50 °.Tiltedly The plagioclase of side template 4 is 15.27m, thickness is 10cm, and a length of 10m of bottom template, thickness are 10cm, oblique side template 4 and the end The junction point of side template 5 is equal with the lower bottom length of ladder type structure obturator to the distance leaving over coal column 1, is 12m, filling mould The installation site of tool need to determine according to the lower bottom length of ladder type structure obturator.As shown in Figure 3.Coal column 1 is left in residual exploiting field The left and right sides install ladder type structure filling mould.
Step 4, leaves over the stress of coal column 1, determines ladder type according to the fiber crops residual exploiting field of tool post formula, No. 9 coal seams, Di Wan colliery The intensity of structure obturator 3, and be gangue according to mass percent: cement: high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid: water=60%:10%: The proportions fill paste of 5%:25%;The concentration of fill paste is 74%.
Step 5, under the effect of filling pump, uses the mode of the other bilateral slicing and filling of post, filling step 4 prepared Mastic is uniformly injected in the territory, post exploiting field 2 that coal column 1 both sides are left in the fiber crops residual exploiting field of tool post formula, No. 9 coal seams, Di Wan colliery so that it is filling Mold filling tool 4 solidifies, hardens, residual exploiting field is left over coal column 1 and produces side and protect effect;
Step 6, arranges short arm mechanized second mining work surface, uses retrusive caving method second mining to protect through ladder type structure obturator 3 side Residual exploiting field leave over coal column 1;
Step 7, treats that leaving over coal column 1 in step 6 exploits complete, repeats step 4, step 5 and the construction technology of step 6, adopts Leave over coal column group with the mode side Hu Can exploiting field successively of ladder type structure filling is neighbouring, make to abandon and adopt the safest second mining of coal resources.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that without departing from technical spirit of the present invention with Any improvement on the premise of principle, above-mentioned implementation made with polish, belong to the protection model of technical solution of the present invention Enclose.

Claims (9)

1. the method that coal column group is left in the ladder type structure residual exploiting field of filling second mining, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) combining the original geology of Resource-exhausted mine, technical data, exploration finds out that coal column group and territory, post exploiting field are left in residual exploiting field Distributing position, draw residual exploiting field and leave over coal column group and the distributional pattern figure in territory, post exploiting field, in investigation territory, post exploiting field, mine water amasss Situation is deposited in the poly-tax with harmful gas;
(2) basic parameter of design ladder type structure filling, end length, hang down height, haunch and waist including ladder type structure obturator are long;
(3) according to the ladder type structure filling parameters determined in step (2), construct and install filling mould;
(4) leave over the stress of coal column group according to residual exploiting field, determine the intensity of ladder type structure obturator, and prepare filling cream Body;
(5) under the effect of filling pump, use the mode of the other bilateral filling of post, fill paste prepared by step (4) is uniformly noted Enter in the territory, post exploiting field that coal column both sides are left in residual exploiting field so that it is solidify in filling mould, harden, residual exploiting field is left over coal column and produces Effect is protected in raw side;
(6) arrange short arm mechanized second mining work surface, use retrusive caving method second mining through ladder type structure filling side protect residual Coal column is left in exploiting field;
(7) treat that step (6) leaves over coal pillar mining complete, repeat the construction technology of step (4) ~ (6), use ladder type structure filling Mode side Hu Can exploiting field successively neighbouring leave over coal column group, make to abandon and adopt the safest second mining of coal resources.
The method that coal column group is left in the ladder type the most according to claim 1 structure residual exploiting field of filling second mining, it is characterised in that institute The residual exploiting field stated leave over coal column group for border coal column, safety pillar, structure coal column, section coal pillar, tool post coal column, strip coal pillar or One or several combination of room formula coal column.
The method that coal column group is left in the ladder type the most according to claim 1 structure residual exploiting field of filling second mining, it is characterised in that institute In the step (1) stated, use three-dimensional laser scanner exploration find out residual exploiting field leave over coal column width, highly, distributed areas and Its unstability situation, understands distribution orientation, size and the volume in territory, post exploiting field, by prospecting by boring, physical prospecting and chemistry exploration In the method investigation territory, post exploiting field combined, the accumulation of mine water deposits situation with the tax of harmful gas.
The method that coal column group is left in the ladder type the most according to claim 1 structure residual exploiting field of filling second mining, it is characterised in that institute Length at the bottom of the top of ladder type structure obturator in the step (2) statedaLong for lower bottomb1/3, length at the bottom of its middle and upper partaBe 3 ~ 8m, lower bottom is longbIt is 9 ~ 24m.
The method that coal column group is left in the ladder type the most according to claim 1 structure residual exploiting field of filling second mining, it is characterised in that institute The vertical height of ladder type structure obturator in the step (2) statedhIdentical with the height that coal column is left in residual exploiting field, haunchαBe 20 ° ~ 75 °, waist is longlAccording to vertical heighthAnd haunchαDetermine,l=h/sinα
The method that coal column group is left in the ladder type the most according to claim 1 structure residual exploiting field of filling second mining, it is characterised in that institute In the step (3) stated, filling mould is made up of oblique side template and the connection of bottom side template, and the angle of the two is 20 ° ~ 75 °.
The method that coal column group is left in the ladder type the most according to claim 6 structure residual exploiting field of filling second mining, it is characterised in that institute In the step (3) stated filling mould by wooden three-ply board nail system or by steel material welding is formed, the plagioclase of oblique side template and The waist length of ladder type structure obturator is equal, and thickness is 5cm ~ 15cm;The width of bottom side template is 5 ~ 15m, and thickness is 5cm ~ 15cm.
The method that coal column group is left in the ladder type the most according to claim 1 structure residual exploiting field of filling second mining, it is characterised in that institute The one or several in coal mine gob spoil, discarded concrete or alkaline residue selected by the aggregate of the fill paste in the step (4) stated Kind, one or more in cement, flyash or discarded cotton fibre selected by cementitious matter, and are aided with water and high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid; Fill paste is by aggregate: cementitious matter: high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid: the quality of water=60% ~ 75%:8% ~ 10%:2% ~ 5%:15% ~ 25% Percentage ratio is formulated, and the concentration of fill paste is 60% ~ 85%.
The method that coal column group is left in the ladder type the most according to claim 1 structure residual exploiting field of filling second mining, it is characterised in that institute In the step (5) stated, the intensity after ladder type structure obturator setting and hardening is 5 ~ 20MPa.
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CN108868878A (en) * 2018-06-25 2018-11-23 山东科技大学 A kind of house column type paste body filling displacement coal-mining method
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CN103104287A (en) * 2013-01-28 2013-05-15 山东科技大学 Stripe gob filling repeated-mining method
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US10612378B2 (en) * 2016-09-08 2020-04-07 China University Of Mining And Technology Method for recovering room-mining coal pillars by solid filling in synergy with artificial pillars
CN107657084A (en) * 2017-09-05 2018-02-02 太原理工大学 A kind of quantitative judgement method of compound residual exploiting field Upward mining feasibility
CN107657085A (en) * 2017-09-05 2018-02-02 太原理工大学 A kind of quantitative judgement method of compound residual exploiting field Upward mining feasibility
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CN107657085B (en) * 2017-09-05 2019-10-11 太原理工大学 A kind of quantitative judgement method of compound residual exploiting field Upward mining feasibility
CN108868878A (en) * 2018-06-25 2018-11-23 山东科技大学 A kind of house column type paste body filling displacement coal-mining method
CN109139100A (en) * 2018-09-04 2019-01-04 中国矿业大学 Substituted supporting room formula pillar recovery method is infused in a kind of
CN109139100B (en) * 2018-09-04 2019-12-20 中国矿业大学 Inner injection substitution type supporting room type coal pillar recovery method
AU2019226144B2 (en) * 2018-09-04 2020-08-06 China University Of Mining And Technology Internally injected replacement support room-type coal pillar recovery method
AU2019333944B2 (en) * 2018-09-04 2021-07-15 China University Of Mining And Technology Method of recovering room-and-pillar coal pillar by using external replacement supports
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