CN106013642A - 一种芳纶1313纤维壁纸 - Google Patents

一种芳纶1313纤维壁纸 Download PDF

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CN106013642A
CN106013642A CN201610446132.6A CN201610446132A CN106013642A CN 106013642 A CN106013642 A CN 106013642A CN 201610446132 A CN201610446132 A CN 201610446132A CN 106013642 A CN106013642 A CN 106013642A
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layer
wallpaper
aramid fiber
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flame
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钱学东
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种芳纶1313纤维壁纸，包括芳纶1313纤维层，所述芳纶1313纤维层的背面设有防水防霉层，所述芳纶1313纤维层的上面设有阻燃层，所述阻燃层上面设有阻燃聚丙烯纤维层，所述阻燃聚丙烯纤维层上设有印刷压花层，所述印刷压花层上面涂布有抗菌防霉层，所述抗菌防霉层上设有覆膜层。本发明的壁纸安全环保，价格低廉，经济适用，具有良好的防霉、阻燃性，具有推广和使用价值。

Description

一种芳纶 1313 纤维壁纸
技术领域
本发明涉及一种壁纸，尤其是一种芳纶1313纤维壁纸。
背景技术
壁纸，也称为墙纸，它是一种应用相当广泛的室内装饰材料。因为壁纸具有色彩多样、图案丰富、豪华气派、安全环保、施工方便、价格适宜等多种其它室内装饰材料所无法比拟的特点，故在欧美、东南亚、日本等发达国家和地区得到相当程度的普及。近年来，我国室内装饰装修持续升温，一度遭冷落的壁纸以其绚丽的新姿态重新走进了客厅、卧室、酒店、会议室等。
以往，壁纸仅仅作为一种装饰性材料走进人们的生活，人们对其要求多在装饰性与美观性上面，随着人们生活水平的提高，人们需要要高品质的壁纸来装点自己的生活，人们对壁纸的其它功能性要求也越来越多。
首先随着生活质量的上升，人们对住所安全性要求也越高，其中住所的阻燃防火性是安全方面重点考虑因素。因此，作为室内装饰用壁纸而言，其阻燃性也被提上了日程。而目前市场上的壁纸漆阻燃性还有所欠缺。人类居住的环境是目前社会极其关注的重大问题。近年来在媒体曝光的建筑质量问题中，墙体结露霉变已经成为热点问题之一，尤其是我国苏南、上海一带，处于北亚热带湿润季风气候，每年都会有梅雨季，梅雨季节气温高、湿度大、气压低，室内潮湿阴暗，通风较差的情况下，会不可避免的滋生各种霉菌，据调查，在6月至11月之间，上海有一半的居民住宅出现发霉现象，因此这就需要用于室内装饰的壁纸要具有防霉性，一方面可以延长壁纸在潮湿环境内的使用寿命，另一方便保护墙体，避免墙体有壁纸发霉，进而避免细菌的滋生，保护室内居住的环境，保护居民的身体健康。
而目前市场上的壁纸功能较为单一。因此，有必要开发出一种具有防霉、阻燃等性能的多功能壁纸。
发明内容
发明目的：本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术的不足，提供一种芳纶1313纤维壁纸。
技术方案：为了实现以上目的，本发明采用以下技术方案。
一种芳纶1313纤维壁纸，包括芳纶1313纤维层，所述芳纶1313纤维层的背面设有防水防霉层，所述芳纶1313纤维层的上面设有阻燃层，所述阻燃层上面设有阻燃聚丙烯纤维层，所述阻燃聚丙烯纤维层上设有印刷压花层，所述印刷压花层上面涂布有抗菌防霉层，所述抗菌防霉层上设有覆膜层；所述防水防霉层由以下质量百分比的材料组成：改性聚乙烯醇：30-35份，海藻酸钠：6-8份，3-碘-2-丙炔基丁基氨基甲酸酯：5-7份，埃洛石纳米管：4-6份，硅丙乳液：20-22份，去离子水：30-35份；所述抗菌防霉层由以下质量百分比的材料组成：改性聚乙烯醇：20-22份，载银沸石：0.5-1份，壳聚糖：4-5份，木质素磺酸钙：4-5份，樟树叶提取物：10-15份，二癸基二甲基氯化铵：1-1.5份，果胶与乳酸钠复配物：4-5份，去离子水：75-80份。
所述阻燃聚丙烯腈纤维是指经过化学改性后具有一定阻燃性的聚丙烯纤维，所述阻燃聚丙烯腈纤维具体制备方法如下：将聚丙烯腈纤维按浴比为1∶10- 1∶30的比例浸泡于质量分数为3%的水合肼溶液中，在80℃保温搅拌反应3-5小时，取出聚丙烯腈纤维，水洗3-5次，真空干燥，即得所述阻燃聚丙烯腈纤维。
作为优选方案，所述果胶与乳酸钠复配物为5mg/mL山楂果胶寡糖与10mg/mL乳酸的复配物。
作为优选方案，所述阻燃层由以下质量百分比的材料组成：PPS：30-35份，云母粉：4-6份，EVA：4-6份，玻璃纤维：4-6份，有机蒙脱土：4-6份，八苯基八硅倍半氧烷：1-2份，碳纤维：1-2份，硅藻土：6-8份，聚醚醚酮纤维：2-4份，壳聚糖：4-5份，富马酸二甲酯：1-2份，海泡石：5-7份，山梨酸：1-1.5份，柔软剂：1-2份，助留剂：0.3-0.5份，湿强剂：1-2份，乙醇：5-8份，去离子水：30-35份。
作为进一步优选方案，所述阻燃层的厚度为0.1-0.3mm；
作为进一步优选方案，所述柔软剂为硬脂酸三乙醇胺酯季铵盐，助留剂为瓜耳胶，湿强剂为PAE树脂。
作为进一步优选方案，所述有机蒙脱土为3-十六烷氧基-2-羟基丙基三甲基氯化铵改性的有机蒙脱土。
作为更进一步优选方案，所述有机蒙脱土的制备方法为：将质量比为1:1的无机蒙脱土和3-十六烷氧基-2-羟基丙基三甲基氯化铵溶于质量分数为50%的乙醇水溶液中，混合均匀后加热至75℃，反应1小时，过滤，滤饼用乙醇清洗，干燥即得所述的有机蒙脱土。
其中：1g无机蒙脱土需要15-20ml质量分数为50%的乙醇水溶液。
作为优选方案，所述防水防霉层的厚度为0.2-0.4mm。
作为优选方案，所述抗菌防霉层的厚度为0.1-0.3mm。
作为优选方案，埃洛石纳米管管长为0.5-1.5μｍ。
作为优选方案，所述改性聚乙烯醇为柠檬酸改性聚乙烯醇，其制备方法为：按照质量份数计，将9-11份聚乙烯醇、0.1-0.3份柠檬酸、0.5-1.5份甘油、88-90份去离子水，在95℃下恒温搅拌3小时，然后在-0.1 MPa 下脱气1 h，最后在60℃下干燥3 h即得所述改性聚乙烯醇。
作为优选方案，所述樟树叶提取物的制备方法如下：将樟树叶粉末放置于质量分数60%的乙醇水溶液中，在55℃下保温搅拌2-3小时，然后过滤，滤除残渣，滤液于55℃减压蒸馏即得所述樟树叶提取物，提取过程中樟树叶粉末与乙醇水溶液的料液比为V乙醇∶m树叶= 16∶1。
作为优选方案，所述阻燃聚丙烯纤维层的厚度为0.1-0.3mm。
作为优选方案，所述覆膜层为聚乙烯薄膜，厚度为0.2-0.4mm。聚乙烯具有优良的防潮性，使得壁纸的防潮性更为优越。
本发明上述用到的硅丙乳液采用市售的即可，例如可以为 南通生达化工有限公司生产的SD-528硅丙乳液。
有益效果：与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下显著性有益效果：
1、本发明的壁纸，采用芳纶1313纤维做壁纸基层，芳纶1313纤维具有优越的阻燃性，可以提高壁纸的阻燃性能，同时设有阻燃层、阻燃聚丙烯腈纤维层，多重保障阻燃性，同时阻燃聚丙烯腈纤维是对聚丙烯腈纤维进行阻燃改性处理后得到的纤维，不仅是壁纸具有阻燃性还可以利用其自身的防蛀、防霉特性，提高壁纸的防霉性，同时设有了防水防霉层、阻燃层、抗菌防霉层，多重保障了壁纸的防霉抗菌性，使本发明的壁纸环保、经济，适用于湿热环境中使用；还设有覆膜层进一步保护了壁纸，延长了壁纸的使用寿命；
2、本发明各层使用的试剂绿色环保，符合GB18585-2001的规定，不含有国家规定的禁止使用的重金属锑、砷、钡、镉、铬、铅、汞、硒，不含有甲醛、不含有氯乙烯单体，也不会造成二次污染；
总之，本发明的壁纸是一款防霉、抗菌、阻燃、除臭、防潮的多功能环保绿色壁纸，具有推广和使用价值。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例的结构示意图；
图中：1-防水防霉层、2-芳纶1313纤维层、3-阻燃层、4-阻燃聚丙烯纤维层、5--印刷压花层、6-抗菌防霉层、7-覆膜层。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明技术方案做进一步详细、完整地说明。
实施例 1
一种芳纶1313纤维壁纸，包括芳纶1313纤维层2，所述芳纶1313纤维层2的背面设有防水防霉层1，所述芳纶1313纤维层2的上面设有阻燃层3，所述阻燃层3上面设有阻燃聚丙烯纤维层4，所述阻燃聚丙烯纤维层4上设有印刷压花层5，所述印刷压花层5上面涂布有抗菌防霉层6，所述抗菌防霉层6上设有覆膜层7。
其中：
防水防霉层1由以下质量百分比的材料组成：改性聚乙烯醇：30份，海藻酸钠：6份，3-碘-2-丙炔基丁基氨基甲酸酯：5份，埃洛石纳米管：4份，硅丙乳液：20份，去离子水：30份；防水防霉层1的厚度为0.2mm。
阻燃层3由以下质量百分比的材料组成：PPS：30份，云母粉：4份，EVA：4份，玻璃纤维：4份，有机蒙脱土：4份，八苯基八硅倍半氧烷：1份，碳纤维：1份，硅藻土：6份，聚醚醚酮纤维：2份，壳聚糖：4份，富马酸二甲酯：1份，海泡石：5份，山梨酸： 1份，柔软剂：硬脂酸三乙醇胺酯季铵盐：1份，助留剂：瓜耳胶:0.3份，湿强剂：PAE树脂:1份，乙醇：5份，去离子水：30份；阻燃层3的厚度为0.3mm。
阻燃聚丙烯纤维层4的厚度为0.1mm。
抗菌防霉层6由以下质量百分比的材料组成：改性聚乙烯醇：20份，载银沸石：0.5份，壳聚糖：4份，木质素磺酸钙：4份，樟树叶提取物：10份，二癸基二甲基氯化铵：1份，果胶与乳酸钠复配物：4份，去离子水：75份；抗菌防霉层6的厚度为0.1mm。
覆膜层7为聚乙烯薄膜，厚度为0.2mm。
实施例 2
一种芳纶1313纤维壁纸，包括芳纶1313纤维层2，所述芳纶1313纤维层2的背面设有防水防霉层2，所述芳纶1313纤维层2的上面设有阻燃层3，所述阻燃层3上面设有阻燃聚丙烯纤维层4，所述阻燃聚丙烯纤维层4上设有印刷压花层5，所述印刷压花层5上面涂布有抗菌防霉层6，所述抗菌防霉层6上设有覆膜层7。
其中：
防水防霉层2由以下质量百分比的材料组成：改性聚乙烯醇：33份，海藻酸钠：7份，3-碘-2-丙炔基丁基氨基甲酸酯：6份，埃洛石纳米管：5份，硅丙乳液：21份，去离子水：33份；防水防霉层2的厚度为0.3mm。
阻燃层3由以下质量百分比的材料组成：PPS：33份，云母粉：5份，EVA：5份，玻璃纤维：5份，有机蒙脱土：5份，八苯基八硅倍半氧烷：1.5份，碳纤维：1.5份，硅藻土：7份，聚醚醚酮纤维：3份，壳聚糖：4.5份，富马酸二甲酯：1.5份，海泡石：6份，山梨酸： 1.3份，柔软剂：硬脂酸三乙醇胺酯季铵盐：1.5份，助留剂：瓜耳胶:0.4份，湿强剂：PAE树脂:1-.5份，乙醇：6.5份，去离子水：33份；阻燃层3的厚度为0.2mm。
阻燃聚丙烯纤维层4的厚度为0.2mm。
抗菌防霉层6由以下质量百分比的材料组成：改性聚乙烯醇：21份，载银沸石：0.8份，壳聚糖：4.5份，木质素磺酸钙：4.5份，樟树叶提取物：13份，二癸基二甲基氯化铵：1.3份，果胶与乳酸钠复配物：4.5份，去离子水：780份；抗菌防霉层6的厚度为0.2mm。
覆膜层7为聚乙烯薄膜，厚度为0.3mm。
实施例 3
一种芳纶1313纤维壁纸，包括芳纶1313纤维层2，所述芳纶1313纤维层2的背面设有防水防霉层2，所述芳纶1313纤维层2的上面设有阻燃层3，所述阻燃层3上面设有阻燃聚丙烯纤维层4，所述阻燃聚丙烯纤维层4上设有印刷压花层5，所述印刷压花层5上面涂布有抗菌防霉层6，所述抗菌防霉层6上设有覆膜层7。
其中：
防水防霉层2由以下质量百分比的材料组成：改性聚乙烯醇： 35份，海藻酸钠： 8份，3-碘-2-丙炔基丁基氨基甲酸酯： 7份，埃洛石纳米管： 6份，硅丙乳液： 22份，去离子水： 35份；防水防霉层2的厚度为0.4mm。
阻燃层3由以下质量百分比的材料组成：PPS：35份，云母粉：6份，EVA： 6份，玻璃纤维： 6份，有机蒙脱土： 6份，八苯基八硅倍半氧烷： 2份，碳纤维： 2份，硅藻土： 8份，聚醚醚酮纤维： 4份；壳聚糖： 5份，富马酸二甲酯： 2份，海泡石： 7份，山梨酸： 1.5份，柔软剂：硬脂酸三乙醇胺酯季铵盐： 2份，助留剂：瓜耳胶: 0.5份，湿强剂：PAE树脂: 2份，乙醇： 8份，去离子水： 35份；阻燃层3的厚度为0.3mm。
阻燃聚丙烯纤维层4的厚度为0.3mm。
抗菌防霉层6由以下质量百分比的材料组成：改性聚乙烯醇： 22份，载银沸石： 1份，壳聚糖： 5份，木质素磺酸钙： 5份，樟树叶提取物： 15份，二癸基二甲基氯化铵： 1.5份，果胶与乳酸钠复配物： 5份，去离子水： 80份；抗菌防霉层6的厚度为0.3mm。
覆膜层7为聚乙烯薄膜，厚度为0.4mm。
上述实施例中的阻燃聚丙烯腈纤维，是通过如下方法制备而得：将聚丙烯腈纤维按浴比为1∶20的比例浸泡于质量分数为3%的水合肼溶液中，在80℃保温搅拌反应4小时，取出聚丙烯腈纤维，水洗5次，真空干燥，即得所述阻燃聚丙烯腈纤维。
上述实施例中的改性聚乙烯醇，是通过如下方法制备而得：按照质量份数计，将10份聚乙烯醇、0.2份柠檬酸、1份甘油、89份去离子水，在95℃下恒温搅拌3小时，然后在-0.1 MPa 下脱气1 h，最后在60℃下干燥3 h即得所述改性聚乙烯醇。
上述实施例中的樟树叶提取物，是通过如下方法制备而得：将樟树叶粉末放置于质量分数60%的乙醇水溶液中，在55℃下保温搅拌2-3小时，然后过滤，滤除残渣，滤液于55℃减压蒸馏即得所述樟树叶提取物，提取过程中樟树叶粉末与乙醇水溶液的料液比为V乙醇∶m树叶= 16∶1。
上述实施例中的有机蒙脱土，是通过如下方法制备而得：
将质量比为1:1的无机蒙脱土和3-十六烷氧基-2-羟基丙基三甲基氯化铵溶于质量分数为50%的乙醇水溶液中（1g无机蒙脱土需要15-20ml质量分数为50%的乙醇水溶液），混合均匀后加热至75℃，反应1小时，过滤，滤饼用乙醇清洗，干燥即得所述的有机蒙脱土。
上述时候实例的壁纸按常规的壁纸的制作工艺，经过制糊、涂层、干燥、印刷、发泡、压花、冷却、切边、收卷即可。
按照上述实施例制得的壁纸符合GB18585-2001的规定，不含有国家规定的禁止使用的重金属锑、砷、钡、镉、铬、铅、汞、硒，不含有甲醛、不含有氯乙烯单体。
按照上述实施例制得的壁纸，对其进行防霉性测试，具体测试方法为：将30x60毫米的壁纸暴露在含大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的悬浊液中，并置于有利于菌类生长的环境(温度25℃，相对湿度85%)，此环境应对日常家居的潮湿环境，包括南方常见的黄梅天气，一个月后壁纸表面无黄斑以及霉点出现，这说明壁纸具有优越的防霉性。
按照上述实施例制得的壁纸，对其进行抗菌性测试，参照JISZ2801：2000《抗菌制品抗菌性能的检测与评价））标准进行检测，对常见的大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌进行抗菌测试，实验结果显示本发明的壁纸对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率均可达99.99%；具有优越的抑菌抗菌性。
按照上述实施例制得的壁纸，进行阻燃性测试，测试结果显示，其UL-94 垂直燃烧达到V-0 级，LOI 达到30以上，具有良好的阻燃性。除此以外，本发明的壁纸还具有良好的除臭、防潮性，总之，本发明的壁纸是一款防霉、防蚊、抗菌、阻燃、除臭、防潮的多功能环保绿色壁纸，具有推广和使用价值。
最后需要在此指出的是：以上仅是本发明的部分优选实施例，不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制，本领域的技术人员根据本发明的上述内容作出的一些非本质的改进和调整均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种芳纶1313纤维壁纸，其特征在于：包括芳纶1313纤维层，所述芳纶1313纤维层的背面设有防水防霉层，所述芳纶1313纤维层的上面设有阻燃层，所述阻燃层上面设有阻燃聚丙烯纤维层，所述阻燃聚丙烯纤维层上设有印刷压花层，所述印刷压花层上面涂布有抗菌防霉层，所述抗菌防霉层上设有覆膜层；所述防水防霉层由以下质量百分比的材料组成：改性聚乙烯醇：30-35份，海藻酸钠：6-8份，3-碘-2-丙炔基丁基氨基甲酸酯：5-7份，埃洛石纳米管：4-6份，硅丙乳液：20-22份，去离子水：30-35份；所述抗菌防霉层由以下质量百分比的材料组成：改性聚乙烯醇：20-22份，载银沸石：0.5-1份，壳聚糖：4-5份，木质素磺酸钙：4-5份，樟树叶提取物：10-15份，二癸基二甲基氯化铵：1-1.5份，果胶与乳酸钠复配物：4-5份，去离子水：75-80份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的芳纶1313纤维壁纸，其特征在于：所述阻燃聚丙烯腈纤维是指经过化学改性后具有一定阻燃性的聚丙烯纤维，所述阻燃聚丙烯腈纤维具体制备方法如下：将聚丙烯腈纤维按浴比为1∶10- 1∶30的比例浸泡于质量分数为3%的水合肼溶液中，在80℃保温搅拌反应3-5小时，取出聚丙烯腈纤维，水洗3-5次，真空干燥，即得所述阻燃聚丙烯腈纤维。
3.根据权利要求1所述的芳纶1313纤维壁纸，其特征在于：所述果胶与乳酸钠复配物为5mg/mL山楂果胶寡糖与10mg/mL乳酸的复配物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的芳纶1313纤维壁纸，其特征在于：PPS：30-35份，云母粉：4-6份，EVA：4-6份，玻璃纤维：4-6份，有机蒙脱土：4-6份，八苯基八硅倍半氧烷：1-2份，碳纤维：1-2份，硅藻土：6-8份，聚醚醚酮纤维：2-4份，壳聚糖：4-5份，富马酸二甲酯：1-2份，海泡石：5-7份，山梨酸：1-1.5份，柔软剂：1-2份，助留剂：0.3-0.5份，湿强剂：1-2份，乙醇：5-8份，去离子水：30-35份。
5.根据权利要求4所述的芳纶1313纤维壁纸，其特征在于：所述柔软剂为硬脂酸三乙醇胺酯季铵盐，助留剂为瓜耳胶，湿强剂为PAE树脂。
6.根据权利要求4所述的芳纶1313纤维壁纸，其特征在于：所述有机蒙脱土为3-十六烷氧基-2-羟基丙基三甲基氯化铵改性的有机蒙脱土。
7.根据权利要求6所述的芳纶1313纤维壁纸，其特征在于：所述有机蒙脱土的制备方法为：将质量比为1:1的无机蒙脱土和3-十六烷氧基-2-羟基丙基三甲基氯化铵溶于质量分数为50%的乙醇水溶液中，混合均匀后加热至75℃，反应1小时，过滤，滤饼用乙醇清洗，干燥即得所述的有机蒙脱土。
8.根据权利要求1所述的芳纶1313纤维壁纸，其特征在于：所述改性聚乙烯醇为柠檬酸改性聚乙烯醇，其制备方法为：按照质量份数计，将9-11份聚乙烯醇、0.1-0.3份柠檬酸、0.5-1.5份甘油、88-90份去离子水，在95℃下恒温搅拌3小时，然后在-0.1 MPa 下脱气1 h，最后在60℃下干燥3 h即得所述改性聚乙烯醇。
9.根据权利要求1所述的芳纶1313纤维壁纸，其特征在于：所述樟树叶提取物的制备方法如下：将樟树叶粉末放置于质量分数60%的乙醇水溶液中，在55℃下保温搅拌2-3小时，然后过滤，滤除残渣，滤液于55℃减压蒸馏即得所述樟树叶提取物，提取过程中樟树叶粉末与乙醇水溶液的料液比为V乙醇∶m树叶= 16∶1。
10.根据权利要求1所述的芳纶1313纤维壁纸，其特征在于：所述覆膜层为聚乙烯薄膜。
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