CN114438821A - 一种抗菌防霉芳纶纸或布的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种抗菌防霉芳纶纸或布的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114438821A CN114438821A CN202111656275.7A CN202111656275A CN114438821A CN 114438821 A CN114438821 A CN 114438821A CN 202111656275 A CN202111656275 A CN 202111656275A CN 114438821 A CN114438821 A CN 114438821A
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- mildew
- antibacterial
- cloth
- ipbc
- coating agent
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种抗菌防霉芳纶纸或布的制备方法，所述制备方法包括下步骤：采用浸渍或喷涂将复合抗菌涂层剂附着于芳纶纸或布上，采用烘干或自然晾晒使溶剂挥发，得到具有防霉功能的芳纶纸或布；所述复合抗菌涂层剂包括以下重量份的组分：0.01%‑0.1%干膜防霉剂碘代丙炔基氨基甲酸丁酯（IPBC）、0.01%‑0.1%防腐杀菌剂、0.5%‑5%成膜剂、余量为溶剂；本发明通过组分间的协同作用大大降低IPBC的添加量，绿色环保；有效防止外来菌种在芳纶纸（布）表面的生长以及对芳纶纸（布）内部的腐蚀作用，能够长时间高效抑菌；同时表面涂层不会对芳纶内部造成破坏、影响性能；多次喷涂防霉剂可以使芳纶纸维持防霉能力。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于功能芳纶纸的制备领域，涉及一种抗菌防霉芳纶纸或布的制备方法。
背景技术
芳纶纸具有优良的耐磨、阻燃性能，可以应用于建筑、轨道交通领域；此外，由于其具有优异的电学性能，也可以应用于吸波材料、水轮发电机的磁极材料等。芳纶纸及其复合材料含有有机化合物以及其他物质，能为微生物的生长提供养分，在阴暗潮湿的环境下，容易滋生细菌，霉菌和酵母菌，产生恶臭气体，改变pH，表面生物膜生长等不良影响。长时间的微生物作用还可能会进一步被真菌和藻类感染，导致芳纶纸的变形和降解，严重影响材料性能。因此，若要实现对芳纶纸的长期稳定使用，需要对芳纶纸进行抗菌防霉处理。防腐剂的加入是当前最有效便捷的措施。
目前，市面上的防霉剂可以分为两类:(1)无机类,通常是有催化活性的金属盐，如银、铜、锌、锡、稀土等无机盐、纳米二氧化钛等。无机类防霉剂具有热稳定性好、可实现广谱抗菌等优点，但是也具有价格昂贵、不耐酸碱、化学稳定性差、分散性差、颜色变化等缺点，在水性涂料中仅使用无机防霉剂具有局限性。(2)有机类，如异噻唑啉酮类、苯并咪唑类、碘炔丙基类、卤代芳烃、季铵盐类、双胍类等，便于制成乳液或溶液涂料使用，具有广谱抗菌、生效快等优点，但是热稳定性与无机类防霉剂相比较差，同时也存在使用寿命短、毒副作用大等缺点，目前由于绿色环保问题，部分防霉剂逐渐取消使用且减量使用。因此，要达到芳纶纸防霉的理想效果，须选择开发出合适的抗菌防腐剂，至少需要满足优异的涂料相容性和高效的抗菌防腐性能，同时也应具有长效性、符合绿色环保理念。
美国Rohmand&Hass公司生产的卡松(CMIT/MIT)是目前市场上使用的最多的防霉剂，但由于卡松对人体有危害性，且环保问题日益受到重视，欧盟从2020年起，对水性涂料防腐剂中的生物杀伤剂限制越来越严格，规定当卡松含量超过15ppm时，应贴危险品标签(1A类皮肤致敏物)，而当低于15ppm用量后，抗菌防霉效果显著降低。
现有的防霉剂品种中，为了实现绿色环保理念，3-碘代-2-丙炔基甲胺酸丁酯(IPBC)是一种较为理想的防霉剂。IPBC具有杀真菌能力强、低毒性、酸碱稳定性好、温度稳定性好、相容性好、可自然降解等优良性能，是一种理想的广谱抗菌剂，因其极好的防霉效果，IPBC在涂料、木材防霉、化妆品等领域有广泛应用，也是目前世界上应用最为广泛的防霉剂之一。
根据我国《化妆品安全技术规范》(2015版)，IPBC分别作为淋洗类产品、驻留类产品、除臭产品和抑汗产品时最大许用量分别为0.02％、0.01％、0.0075％。但是由于在单独使用IPBC的情况下，难以在低浓度时保持优良的抗菌效果，因此如何使低浓度的IPBC具有持久且较好的抗菌防霉效果显得尤为重要。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足，提供一种抗菌防霉芳纶纸或布的制备方法，使用复合防霉涂层剂能够大大降低IPBC的添加量，契合绿色环保的发展理念；有效防止外来菌种在芳纶纸(布)表面的生长以及对芳纶纸(布)内部的腐蚀作用，能够长时间保持抑菌效果，有可持续使用的优点；同时表面涂层不会对芳纶内部造成破坏、影响性能；多次喷涂防霉剂可以使芳纶纸维持防霉能力。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案来实现的：一种抗菌防霉芳纶纸或布的制备方法，所述制备方法包括以下步骤：
采用浸渍或喷涂任意一种形式，将复合抗菌涂层剂附着于芳纶纸或布的表面，采用烘干或自然晾晒任意一种形式使溶剂挥发，得到具有防霉功能的芳纶纸或布；所述复合抗菌涂层剂以重量份计，包括的组分如下：0.01％-0.5％干膜防霉剂碘代丙炔基氨基甲酸丁酯(IPBC)、0.01％-0.1％防腐杀菌剂、0.5％-5％成膜剂、余量为溶剂。
本发明所使用的复合防霉涂层剂利用各组分之间的协同效应，在降低IPBC的使用量的同时，提高芳纶纸(布)的抗菌防霉效果，并且效果持久。防腐杀菌剂IPBC可以使生物细胞内的氨基酸碘化从而失去细胞活性；防腐杀菌剂PHMG、DDAB、溴硝醇能够通过改变细胞膜的通透性或破坏细胞膜结构来实现抗菌效果，与IPBC配合使用具有较大的增益效果，同时可大大降低IPBC的使用量。DCDMH抗菌活性强，其作用机理是作用于细菌的DNA螺旋酶，使细菌DNA不能形成超螺旋、染色体受损从而产生杀菌作用，与IPBC配合使用能够增加杀灭细菌、真菌的效果。防腐杀菌剂ZPT是通过改变细胞内的钠、钾离子浓度，从而改变细菌获取外界营养的离子梯度，导致细胞被“饿死”，从而实现抗菌，它在杀死细菌的同时本身并未被消耗。
进一步的，所述复合抗菌涂层剂以重量份计，包括的组分如下：0.02％-0.04％干膜防霉剂碘代丙炔基氨基甲酸丁酯(IPBC)、0.01％-0.03％防腐杀菌剂、0.5％成膜剂、余量为溶剂。
进一步的，所述复合抗菌涂层剂的制备方法包括以下步骤：
按0.01％-0.1％干膜防霉剂碘代丙炔基氨基甲酸丁酯(IPBC)、0.01％-0.1％防腐杀菌剂、0.5％-5％成膜剂、余量为溶剂准备原料；将成膜剂溶解于溶剂中，并在30℃环境下搅拌1h，得到混合溶液；向所述混合溶液中加入干膜防霉剂碘代丙炔基氨基甲酸丁酯(IPBC)和防腐杀菌剂，并在30℃-95℃环境下搅拌0.5h-5h，装瓶得到复合抗菌涂层剂；IPBC的抑菌机理主要是主要通过分子链上的碘对微生物细胞结构进行氧化作用来进行，使微生物细胞的巯基(-SH)和络氨酸碘化而失去蛋白活性，进而达到抑制微生物生长的目的。
进一步的，所述的成膜剂为虫胶、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)、聚乙烯醇(PVA)、多巴胺的任意一种或几种。
进一步的，所述的成膜剂为聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)。
进一步的，所述溶剂为去离子水、1,2-丙二醇、乙醇、乙二醇的任意一种和几种。
进一步的，所述溶剂为乙醇。
进一步的，所述防腐杀菌剂为聚六亚甲基胍盐酸盐(PHMG)、二氯二甲基海因(DCDMH)、双癸基二甲基溴化铵(DDAB)、溴硝醇、吡啶硫酮锌(ZPT)的任意一种或几种；PHMG是阳离子聚合物，其抗菌作用主要是通过溶解脂质，改变细菌细胞膜的通透性，使菌体内的代谢发生障碍而抗菌；DCDMH抗菌活性强，其作用机理是作用于细菌的DNA螺旋酶，使细菌DNA不能形成超螺旋，染色体受损从而产生杀菌作用；DDAB带有一个亲水头基和两个疏水尾链,具有较强的成胶束性和降低表面张力的能力，能增加它们的水溶性，细胞膜是季铵盐杀菌剂活性作用的位点。①阳离子表面活性剂在细菌细胞表面的吸附,②通过细胞壁扩散,③在细胞膜上键合,④对细胞膜的破坏,⑤钾钠等离子和其它细胞内容物的流出，⑥细胞体的沉淀及细胞死亡；ZPT在中性或酸性条件下，吡啶硫酮将K+带出细菌细胞,将H+带人细菌细胞；在碱性条件下吡啶硫酮将K+或Mg2+带出细菌细胞,将Na+带人细菌细胞，通过消除细菌获取营养的离子梯度,使细胞最终被“饿死",所以吡啶硫酮锌的杀菌机理与许多杀菌剂并不相同,它在杀死细菌的同时本身并未被消耗；溴硝醇的抗菌活性来源于分子中缺电子的氧化性溴原子，其抗菌作用机理是使溴原子氧化细菌细胞膜表面的硫醇基成为二硫化合物，在细胞壁产生特大突起，使细胞壁破裂、内溶物外流而杀死细菌，另一的途径是释放出的活化溴素与细胞膜蛋白质结合,形成氮-溴化合物，从而干扰了细胞代谢，最后引起细菌死亡，此外，溴硝醇分解时释放出的甲醛也可使细菌蛋白凝固，从而起到杀菌作用。
进一步的，所述复合抗菌涂层剂是不含二价镁、钙、铜离子的复合型绿色防霉剂，所述干膜防霉剂IPBC与防腐杀菌剂的重量比是1:4-4:1。
本发明的有益效果是：
(1)本发明提供了干膜防霉剂和防腐杀菌剂的复配方案，能够在保证优良的抗菌效果和安全环保的前提下，既实现广谱抗菌的功能，又能对不同细菌、真菌种类设置针对性配方，在不同的应用环境下都具有优良的抗菌性能；
(2)本发明所述的复合防霉涂层剂在涂覆后，溶剂会迅速挥发，成膜剂会在芳纶纸表面形成一层致密的膜结构，防霉剂等活性成分聚集在芳纶纸表面，能够有效防止外来菌种在芳纶纸表面的生长以及对芳纶纸内部的腐蚀作用。
(3)本发明所述的复合防霉涂层剂的稳定性较强，成膜剂、干膜抗菌剂和防腐杀菌剂均难溶于水，在芳纶纸(布)上喷涂了该抗菌涂层剂后，水洗不易脱落，能够长时间保持抑菌效果。
(4)本发明所述的防霉芳纶纸(布)具有环境友好，可持续使用的优点，表面涂层不会对芳纶内(布)内部造成破坏、影响性能；多次喷涂防霉剂可以使芳纶纸(布)维持防霉能力。
(5)本发明中防腐杀菌剂均为低毒性的防霉单元与干膜防霉剂IPBC协同作用，可在低浓度的IPBC条件下实现高效、持久的防霉杀菌效果。
附图说明
图1为单独使用IPBC的抗菌防霉效果图；
图2为对照组的抗菌防霉效果图；
图3为IPBC和防腐杀菌剂复配的抗菌防霉效果图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图进一步详细描述本发明的技术方案，但本发明的保护范围不局限于以下所述。
实施例1
称取5％质量分数的PVB，加入94.9％质量分数的乙醇中，在30℃环境下搅拌混合物1h，得到成膜剂溶液；称取0.1％质量分数的IPBC，加入到先前制得的成膜剂溶液，在30℃环境下搅拌30min，得到防霉涂层剂，转移至喷雾瓶中保存待用，称为防霉剂1。
实施例2
称取0.5％质量分数的PVB，加入99.49％质量分数的乙醇中，在30℃环境下搅拌混合物1h，得到成膜剂溶液；分别称取质量分数为0.01％的IPBC，加入到先前制得的成膜剂溶液，在30℃环境下搅拌30min，得到防霉涂层剂，转移至喷雾瓶中保存待用，称为防霉剂2。
实施例3
称取1％质量分数的PVB，加入98.95％质量分数的乙醇中，在30℃环境下搅拌混合物1h，得到成膜剂溶液；分别称取质量分数为0.05％的IPBC，加入到先前制得的成膜剂溶液，在30℃环境下搅拌30min，得到防霉涂层剂，转移至喷雾瓶中保存待用，称为防霉剂3。
实施例4
称取0.5％质量分数的虫胶，加入99.40％质量分数的乙醇中，在30℃环境下搅拌混合物1h，得到成膜剂溶液；分别称取质量分数为0.1％的IPBC，加入到先前制得的成膜剂溶液，在30℃环境下搅拌30min，得到防霉涂层剂，转移至喷雾瓶中保存待用，称为防霉剂4。
实施例5
称取0.5％质量分数的虫胶，加入99.49％质量分数的乙醇中，在30℃环境下搅拌混合物1h，得到成膜剂溶液；分别称取质量分数为0.01％的IPBC，加入到先前制得的成膜剂溶液，在30℃环境下搅拌30min，得到防霉涂层剂，转移至喷雾瓶中保存待用，称为防霉剂5。
实施例6
称取1％质量分数的虫胶，加入98.95％质量分数的乙醇中，在30℃环境下搅拌混合物1h，得到成膜剂溶液；分别称取质量分数为0.05％的IPBC，加入到先前制得的成膜剂溶液，在30℃环境下搅拌30min，得到防霉涂层剂，转移至喷雾瓶中保存待用，称为防霉剂6。
实施例7
称取5％质量分数的虫胶，加入94.90％质量分数的乙醇中，在30℃环境下搅拌混合物1h，得到成膜剂溶液；分别称取质量分数为0.1％的IPBC，加入到先前制得的成膜剂溶液，在30℃环境下搅拌30min，得到防霉涂层剂，转移至喷雾瓶中保存待用，称为防霉剂7。
实施例8
称取0.7％质量分数的PVB，加入99.25％质量分数的乙醇中，在30℃环境下搅拌混合物1h，得到成膜剂溶液；称取质量分数为0.04％的IPBC和0.01％的DDAB，加入到先前制得的成膜剂溶液，在30℃环境下搅拌30min，得到防霉涂层剂，转移至锥形瓶中保存待用，称为防霉剂8。
实施例9
称取0.6％质量分数的PVA，加入99.35％质量分数的去离子水中，在95℃环境下搅拌混合物2h，得到成膜剂溶液；称取质量分数为0.04％的IPBC和0.01％的PHMG，分别加入到先前制得的成膜剂溶液，在30℃环境下搅拌30min，得到防霉涂层剂，转移至锥形瓶中保存待用，称为防霉剂9。
实施例10
称取0.5％质量分数的PVB，加入99.45％质量分数的乙醇中，在30℃环境下搅拌混合物1h，得到成膜剂溶液；称取质量分数为0.04％的IPBC和0.01％的DCDMH，分别加入到先前制得的成膜剂溶液，在30℃环境下搅拌30min，得到防霉涂层剂，转移至锥形瓶中保存待用，称为防霉剂10。
实施例11
称取0.9％质量分数的PVB，加入99.05％质量分数的乙醇中，在30℃环境下搅拌混合物1h，得到成膜剂溶液；称取质量分数为0.04％的IPBC和0.01％的DDAB，分别加入到先前制得的成膜剂溶液，在30℃环境下搅拌30min，得到防霉涂层剂，转移至锥形瓶中保存待用，称为防霉剂11。
实施例12
称取2％质量分数的PVA，加入97.95％质量分数的去离子水中，在95℃环境下搅拌混合物5h，得到成膜剂溶液；称取质量分数为0.04％的IPBC和0.01％的溴硝醇，分别加入到先前制得的成膜剂溶液，在30℃环境下搅拌30min，得到防霉涂层剂，转移至锥形瓶中保存待用，称为防霉剂12。
实施例13
称取0.5％质量分数的PVB，加入99.45％质量分数的乙醇中，在30℃环境下搅拌混合物1h，得到成膜剂溶液；称取质量分数为0.04％的IPBC和0.01％的ZPT，分别加入到先前制得的成膜剂溶液，在30℃环境下搅拌30min，得到防霉涂层剂，转移至锥形瓶中保存待用，称为防霉剂13。
实施例14
称取0.5％质量分数的PVB，加入99.45％质量分数的乙醇中，在30℃环境下搅拌混合物1h，得到成膜剂溶液；称取质量分数为0.03％的IPBC和0.02％的PHMG，分别加入到先前制得的成膜剂溶液，在30℃环境下搅拌30min，得到防霉涂层剂，转移至锥形瓶中保存待用，称为防霉剂14。
实施例15
称取0.5％质量分数的PVA，加入99.45％质量分数的去离子水中，在95℃环境下搅拌混合物2h，得到成膜剂溶液；称取质量分数为0.03％的IPBC和0.02％的DDAB，分别加入到先前制得的成膜剂溶液，在30℃环境下搅拌30min，得到防霉涂层剂，转移至锥形瓶中保存待用，称为防霉剂15。
实施例16
称取2％质量分数的PVB，加入97.95％质量分数的乙醇中，在30℃环境下搅拌混合物1h，得到成膜剂溶液；称取质量分数为0.03％的IPBC和0.02％的溴硝醇，分别加入到先前制得的成膜剂溶液，在30℃环境下搅拌30min，得到防霉涂层剂，转移至锥形瓶中保存待用，称为防霉剂16。
实施例17
称取0.8％质量分数的PVB，加入99.15％质量分数的乙醇中，在30℃环境下搅拌混合物1h，得到成膜剂溶液；称取质量分数为0.02％的IPBC和0.03％的PHMG，分别加入到先前制得的成膜剂溶液，在30℃环境下搅拌30min，得到防霉涂层剂，转移至锥形瓶中保存待用，称为防霉剂17。
实施例18
称取0.7％质量分数的PVB，加入99.25％质量分数的乙醇中，在30℃环境下搅拌混合物1h，得到成膜剂溶液；称取质量分数为0.02％的IPBC和0.03％的DDAB，分别加入到先前制得的成膜剂溶液，在30℃环境下搅拌30min，得到防霉涂层剂，转移至锥形瓶中保存待用，称为防霉剂18。
实施例19
称取1％质量分数的PVA，加入98.95％质量分数的去离子水中，在95℃环境下搅拌混合物5h，得到成膜剂溶液；称取质量分数为0.01％的IPBC和0.04％的PHMG，分别加入到先前制得的成膜剂溶液，在30℃环境下搅拌30min，得到防霉涂层剂，转移至锥形瓶中保存待用，称为防霉剂19。
实施例20
称取1％质量分数的PVA，加入98.95％质量分数的去离子水中，在95℃环境下搅拌混合物5h，得到成膜剂溶液；称取质量分数为0.04％的IPBC和0.01％的DDAB，分别加入到先前制得的成膜剂溶液，在30℃环境下搅拌30min，得到防霉涂层剂，转移至锥形瓶中保存待用，称为防霉剂20。
二、芳纶纸表面防霉处理及防霉测试
将芳纶纸裁剪成50mm×50mm大小，使用防霉剂1-7进行喷涂处理，对芳纶纸的每一面用配好的防霉喷雾喷7下，放置于80℃烘箱干燥6h。将活化后浓度为105CFU/mL的黑曲霉菌稀释十倍，稀释至104CFU/mL后移取100μL菌液，均匀涂布于PDA培养基上，将紫外杀菌15min后的芳纶纸放在PDA培养基上，称为待测样品1-7；设置不加防霉剂的空白对照组和不加芳纶纸样品的阴性对照组，称为对照组1、对照组2。
将芳纶纸裁剪成50mm×50mm大小，分别在防霉剂8-13中浸渍5s，放置于80℃烘箱干燥6h。将活化后浓度为105CFU/mL的黑曲霉菌稀释十倍，稀释至104CFU/mL后移取100μL菌液，均匀涂布于PDA培养基上，将紫外杀菌15min后的芳纶纸放在PDA培养基上，称为待测样品8-13；设置不加防霉剂的空白对照组和不加芳纶纸样品的阴性对照组，称为对照组3、对照组4。
将芳纶纸裁剪成50mm×50mm大小，分别在防霉剂14-20中浸渍5s，放置于80℃烘箱干燥6h。将活化后浓度为106CFU/mL的黑曲霉菌稀释十倍，稀释至104CFU/mL后移取100μL菌液，均匀涂布于PDA培养基上，将紫外杀菌15min后的芳纶纸放在PDA培养基上，称为待测样品14-20；设置不加防霉剂的空白对照组和不加芳纶纸样品的阴性对照组，称为对照组5(CA)、对照组6(CA0)。
将待测样品1-20和对照组1-6在25℃、湿度80％条件下培养七天后观察PDA板上菌落生长状况，结果如表1。
| 测试项目 | 长霉等级 | 测试项目 | 长霉等级 |
| 待测样品1 | 0 | 待测样品14 | 0 |
| 待测样品2 | 3 | 待测样品15 | 0 |
| 待测样品3 | 0 | 待测样品16 | 0 |
| 待测样品4 | 0 | 待测样品17 | 0 |
| 待测样品5 | 2 | 待测样品18 | 0 |
| 待测样品6 | 0 | 待测样品19 | 0 |
| 待测样品7 | 0 | 待测样品20 | 0 |
| 待测样品8 | 2 | 对照组1 | 4 |
| 待测样品9 | 0 | 对照组2 | 4 |
| 待测样品10 | 0 | 对照组3 | 4 |
| 待测样品11 | 0 | 对照组4 | 4 |
| 待测样品12 | 0 | 对照组5 | 4 |
| 待测样品13 | 1 | 对照组6 | 4 |
注：
1.试验菌种：黑曲霉菌
2.评级标准：0-不长霉；1-长霉斑点在1mm左右；2-长霉斑点在2mm以内，霉斑分布不超过整个面积的1/4；3-长霉斑点在2mm左右；4-长霉斑点大部分在5mm以上或长满霉菌。
根据表1可知，在单独使用较高浓度的IPBC和复合使用除ZPT以外的防腐杀菌剂时，制备的防霉涂层剂都有良好的防霉效果。其中，单独使用IPBC时，质量分数越高则防霉效果越好，要达到0级防霉所需要的最小质量分数在0.05％-0.1％之间，高于复合防霉涂层剂有效成分的总质量浓度0.05％，因此在达到与单独的防霉剂相同的防霉等级的情况下，使用复合防霉涂层剂能够降低防霉剂的添加量，契合绿色环保的发展理念。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当理解本发明并非局限于本文所披露的形式，不应看作是对其他实施例的排除，而可用于各种其他组合、修改和环境，并能够在本文所述构想范围内，通过上述教导或相关领域的技术或知识进行改动。而本领域人员所进行的改动和变化不脱离本发明的精神和范围，则都应在本发明所附权利要求的保护范围内。
Claims (9)
1.一种抗菌防霉芳纶纸或布的制备方法，其特征在于，所述制备方法包括以下步骤：
采用浸渍或喷涂任意一种形式，将复合抗菌涂层剂附着于芳纶纸或布的表面，采用烘干或自然晾晒任意一种形式使溶剂挥发，得到具有防霉功能的芳纶纸或布；所述复合抗菌涂层剂以重量份计，包括的组分如下：0.01%-0.1%干膜防霉剂碘代丙炔基氨基甲酸丁酯（IPBC）、0.01%-0.1%防腐杀菌剂、0.5%-5%成膜剂、余量为溶剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌防霉芳纶纸或布的制备方法，其特征在于，所述复合抗菌涂层剂以重量份计，包括的组分如下：0.02%-0.04%干膜防霉剂碘代丙炔基氨基甲酸丁酯（IPBC）、0.01%-0.03%防腐杀菌剂、0.5%-5%成膜剂、余量为溶剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种抗菌防霉芳纶纸或布的制备方法，其特征在于，所述复合抗菌涂层剂的制备方法包括以下步骤：
按权利要求1所述的组分准备原料；将成膜剂溶解于溶剂中，并在30°C-95℃环境下搅拌0.5h-5h，得到混合溶液；向所述混合溶液中加入干膜防霉剂碘代丙炔基氨基甲酸丁酯（IPBC）和防腐杀菌剂，并在30°C环境下搅拌30min，装瓶得到复合抗菌涂层剂。
4.根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的一种抗菌防霉芳纶纸或布的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的成膜剂为虫胶、聚乙烯醇缩丁醛（PVB）、聚乙烯醇（PVA）、多巴胺的任意一种或几种。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种抗菌防霉芳纶纸或布的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的成膜剂为聚乙烯醇缩丁醛（PVB）、虫胶、聚乙烯醇（PVA）的任意一种。
6.根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的一种抗菌防霉芳纶纸或布的制备方法，其特征在于：所述溶剂为去离子水、1,2-丙二醇、乙醇、乙二醇的任意一种和几种。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种抗菌防霉芳纶纸或布的制备方法，其特征在于：所述溶剂为乙醇。
8.根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的一种抗菌防霉芳纶纸或布的制备方法，其特征在于：所述防腐杀菌剂为聚六亚甲基胍盐酸盐（PHMG）、二氯二甲基海因（DCDMH）、双癸基二甲基溴化铵（DDAB）、溴硝醇、吡啶硫酮锌（ZPT）的任意一种或几种。
9.根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的一种抗菌防霉芳纶纸或布的制备方法，其特征在于：所述复合抗菌涂层剂是不含二价镁、钙、铜离子的复合型绿色防霉剂，所述干膜防霉剂IPBC与防腐杀菌剂的重量比是1:4-4:1。
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