CN106007808B - 陶瓷表面镀膜方法 - Google Patents
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- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- C04B41/51—Metallising, e.g. infiltration of sintered ceramic preforms with molten metal
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种陶瓷表面镀膜方法，包括用纸巾擦拭陶瓷材料表面，擦掉油脂及灰尘，然后采用瓦斯气体作为燃烧气体，用火焰喷射枪喷射火焰接触陶瓷材料表面10–35s等步骤。本发明按照国家标准GB/T5270‑‑200X测定镀膜层与陶瓷材料之间结合牢固，镀膜表面光泽持久性好，光滑无针孔，无卷皮起泡，颜色均匀光亮，方法工艺简单。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于陶瓷镀膜领域，具体涉及一种陶瓷表面镀膜方法。
背景技术
近年来，迅速发展的镀膜技术给陶瓷提出了更高的要求，即陶瓷材料不仅要抗弯强度高，硬度、韧性高，而且还要摩擦系数低，耐磨性好，传统的镀膜技术镀膜出来的陶瓷材料很难全面具备这些特点。现有的技术是通常先对陶瓷表面进行预镀一层中间金属层，然后在中间金属层的基础上进行电镀。但是，有些陶瓷材料表面粗糙时，预镀的中间金属层与陶瓷表面基体之间结合力并不好，而且在镀膜的过程中，由于镀膜环境中气体的杂质会影响镀膜质量，高温环境很容易破坏镀膜质量，进而影响产品的性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的在提供一种陶瓷表面镀膜方法。
一种陶瓷表面镀膜方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)先用纸巾擦拭陶瓷材料表面，擦掉油脂及灰尘，然后采用瓦斯气体作为燃烧气体，用火焰喷射枪喷射火焰接触陶瓷材料表面10–35s，使陶瓷材料表面瞬间温度达到800℃的高温，从而去除表面未擦掉的油脂，并通过静电除尘，去除吸附在陶瓷材料表面未擦掉的灰尘及火焰燃烧产生的颗粒；
(2)取蒸镀设备，对蒸镀腔抽真空至2.0×10-8Torr，将蒸镀腔内温度调至110℃烘烤，蒸镀腔内气压升到2.5×10-7Torr后，烘烤腔体15小时，至腔内气压回到2.2×10-8Torr后关闭烘烤；
(3)将陶瓷材料放进蒸镀腔内，让蒸镀腔内冷系统冷却陶瓷材料，冷却温度为4℃，同时对蒸镀腔抽真空至气压到2.3×10-8Torr；
(4)加热金属镀源，在陶瓷材料表面蒸镀镀膜，待镀膜厚度达到1000Å时完成镀膜，然后打开蒸镀腔取出镀好膜的陶瓷材料即可。
进一步，所述金属镀源为金属铜源、金属钛源、金属镍源或金属铬源。
进一步，所述陶瓷材料包括以下重量份配比的组分:AlN，3-10份；Al2O3，7-10份；Al，3-7份；Cu，2-6份； NbC，1-2份；Cr3C2，1-4份；Co，2-5份；Mn，1-3份；Ni，1-3份；分散剂，0.1-0.3份；防霉剂，0.2-0.4份；防腐剂，0.3-0.5份；消泡剂，0.2-0.4份。
优选的，所述陶瓷材料包括以下重量份配比的组分:AlN，3份；Al2O3，7份；Al，3份；Cu，2份； NbC，1份；Cr3C2，1份；Co，2份；Mn，1份；Ni，1份；分散剂，0.1份；防霉剂，0.2份；防腐剂，0.3份；消泡剂，0.2份。
优选的，所述陶瓷材料包括以下重量份配比的组分:AlN，10份；Al2O3，10份；Al，7份；Cu，6份； NbC，2份；Cr3C2，4份；Co，5份；Mn，3份；Ni，3份；分散剂，0.3份；防霉剂，0.4份；防腐剂，0.5份；消泡剂，0.4份。
优选的，所述陶瓷材料包括以下重量份配比的组分:AlN，6.5份；Al2O3，8.5份；Al，5份；Cu，4份； NbC，1.5份；Cr3C2，2.5份；Co，3.5份；Mn，2份；Ni，2份；分散剂，0.2份；防霉剂，0.3份；防腐剂，0.4份；消泡剂，0.3份。
本发明的有益效果为：按照国家标准GB/T5270--200X测定镀膜层与陶瓷材料之间结合牢固，镀膜表面光泽持久性好，光滑无针孔，无卷皮起泡，颜色均匀光亮，方法工艺简单， 用本发明所述的镀膜方法，镀膜工艺范围宽，成本较低，生产效率高，且整个过程在真空镀膜室内进行，利用烘烤和预蒸镀金属镀源对蒸镀腔进行预理，减少了对蒸镀腔内真空环境的破坏，降低了气体的杂质，减少了对陶瓷表面的损坏，无污染， 噪音小，所得到的陶瓷材料抗弯强度高，硬度、韧性高。
具体实施方式
一种陶瓷表面镀膜方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)先用纸巾擦拭陶瓷材料表面，擦掉油脂及灰尘，然后采用瓦斯气体作为燃烧气体，用火焰喷射枪喷射火焰接触陶瓷材料表面10–35s，使陶瓷材料表面瞬间温度达到800℃的高温，从而去除表面未擦掉的油脂，并通过静电除尘，去除吸附在陶瓷材料表面未擦掉的灰尘及火焰燃烧产生的颗粒；
(2)取蒸镀设备，对蒸镀腔抽真空至2.0×10-8Torr，将蒸镀腔内温度调至110℃烘烤，蒸镀腔内气压升到2.5×10-7Torr后，烘烤腔体15小时，至腔内气压回到2.2×10-8Torr后关闭烘烤；
(3)将陶瓷材料放进蒸镀腔内，让蒸镀腔内冷系统冷却陶瓷材料，冷却温度为4℃，同时对蒸镀腔抽真空至气压到2.3×10-8Torr；
(4)加热金属镀源，在陶瓷材料表面蒸镀镀膜，待镀膜厚度达到1000Å时完成镀膜，然后打开蒸镀腔取出镀好膜的陶瓷材料即可。
所述金属镀源为金属铜源、金属钛源、金属镍源或金属铬源。
所述陶瓷材料包括以下重量份配比的组分:AlN，6.5份；Al2O3，8.5份；Al，5份；Cu，4份； NbC，1.5份；Cr3C2，2.5份；Co，3.5份；Mn，2份；Ni，2份；分散剂，0.2份；防霉剂，0.3份；防腐剂，0.4份；消泡剂，0.3份。
所述陶瓷材料的制备方法，包括以下重量份配比的组分:AlN，6.5份；Al2O3，8.5份；Al，5份；Cu，4份； NbC，1.5份；Cr3C2，2.5份；Co，3.5份；Mn，2份；Ni，2份；分散剂，0.2份；防霉剂，0.3份；防腐剂，0.4份；消泡剂，0.3份，将原材料加入滚筒球磨机进行湿磨得到料浆；将料浆进行过滤，采用喷雾干燥器进行雾化干燥制粒；将粒料压制成型后，放入脱脂加压一体炉中进行烧结，即可制得。
对现有的SiC陶瓷材料以及本陶瓷表面镀膜方法得到的产品进行测试比对，结果见表一。抗弯强度、密度、硬度和热膨胀系数以常规方法测定。
表一 测试比对结果
| 材料 | 密度 | 硬度 | 抗弯强度 | 热膨胀系数 |
| SiC 陶瓷材料 | 3.11g/cm3 | 74HRA | 728N/mm2 | 3.92 |
| 陶瓷表面镀膜方法 | 5.47g/cm3 | 90HRA | 899N/mm2 | 3.02 |
由此可见，本陶瓷表面镀膜方法得到的产品相比于现有的 SiC 陶瓷材料具有更高的硬度与抗弯强度，且热膨胀系数更小，具有较佳的适用性。
其中，加入Cr可大大提高陶瓷的耐腐蚀性和耐热性 ；加入Cu可弥散强化陶瓷的粘结相，提高强度 ；加入 Mn 可强化粘结相，提高陶瓷的强度 ；加入 Cr3C2 可提高陶瓷的强韧性，降低摩擦系数，提高耐磨性；加入 NbC 可提高陶瓷的硬性。
Claims (2)
1.一种陶瓷表面镀膜方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
(1)先用纸巾擦拭陶瓷材料表面，擦掉油脂及灰尘，然后采用瓦斯气体作为燃烧气体，用火焰喷射枪喷射火焰接触陶瓷材料表面10–35s，使陶瓷材料表面瞬间温度达到800℃的高温，从而去除表面未擦掉的油脂，并通过静电除尘，去除吸附在陶瓷材料表面未擦掉的灰尘及火焰燃烧产生的颗粒；
(2)取蒸镀设备，对蒸镀腔抽真空至2.0×10-8Torr，将蒸镀腔内温度调至110℃烘烤，蒸镀腔内气压升到2.5×10-7Torr后，烘烤腔体15小时，至腔内气压回到2.2×10-8Torr后关闭烘烤；
(3)将陶瓷材料放进蒸镀腔内，让蒸镀腔内冷系统冷却陶瓷材料，冷却温度为4℃，同时对蒸镀腔抽真空至气压到2.3×10-8Torr；
(4)加热金属镀源，在陶瓷材料表面蒸镀镀膜，待镀膜厚度达到1000Å时完成镀膜，然后打开蒸镀腔取出镀好膜的陶瓷材料；
所述陶瓷材料的制备方法，包括以下重量份配比的组分:AlN，6.5份；Al2O3，8.5份；Al，5份；Cu，4份； NbC，1.5份；Cr3C2，2.5份；Co，3.5份；Mn，2份；Ni，2份；分散剂，0.2份；防霉剂，0.3份；防腐剂，0.4份；消泡剂，0.3份，将原材料加入滚筒球磨机进行湿磨得到料浆；将料浆进行过滤，采用喷雾干燥器进行雾化干燥制粒；将粒料压制成型后，放入脱脂加压一体炉中进行烧结，即可制得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的陶瓷表面镀膜方法，其特征在于：所述金属镀源为金属铜源、金属钛源、金属镍源或金属铬源。
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| CN102776480A (zh) * | 2011-05-12 | 2012-11-14 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | 蒸发源装置及镀膜方法 |
| CN103540824A (zh) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-01-29 | 江门市楚材科技有限公司 | 一种金属陶瓷材料 |
| CN104178677A (zh) * | 2014-08-20 | 2014-12-03 | 青岛骏泽盛泰智能科技有限公司 | 一种金属陶瓷复合材料 |
| CN104878270A (zh) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-09-02 | 杨文澍 | 一种金属陶瓷复合材料 |
| CN105420675A (zh) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-03-23 | 山东大学 | 一种减少蒸发镀膜设备中衬底或其上的材料受烘烤升温影响的装置及应用 |
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| CN102776480A (zh) * | 2011-05-12 | 2012-11-14 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | 蒸发源装置及镀膜方法 |
| CN103540824A (zh) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-01-29 | 江门市楚材科技有限公司 | 一种金属陶瓷材料 |
| CN104178677A (zh) * | 2014-08-20 | 2014-12-03 | 青岛骏泽盛泰智能科技有限公司 | 一种金属陶瓷复合材料 |
| CN104878270A (zh) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-09-02 | 杨文澍 | 一种金属陶瓷复合材料 |
| CN105420675A (zh) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-03-23 | 山东大学 | 一种减少蒸发镀膜设备中衬底或其上的材料受烘烤升温影响的装置及应用 |
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