CN105994295A - 一种防治小麦赤霉病的复配剂及其应用 - Google Patents

一种防治小麦赤霉病的复配剂及其应用 Download PDF

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CN105994295A
CN105994295A CN201610362953.1A CN201610362953A CN105994295A CN 105994295 A CN105994295 A CN 105994295A CN 201610362953 A CN201610362953 A CN 201610362953A CN 105994295 A CN105994295 A CN 105994295A
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文平兰
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    • A01N25/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A01N43/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种防治小麦赤霉病的复配剂,包含氟环唑和咯菌腈的可湿性粉剂、胶悬剂、微乳剂、水分散颗粒剂或颗粒剂。上述防治小麦赤霉病的复配剂在防治小麦赤霉病上的应用,每次按照每公顷中氟环唑和咯菌腈总有效量30g和30~150g的用量,兑水600kg,叶面喷施。本发明的优点在于:复配药剂中的氟环唑和咯菌腈分别为不同作用机理的杀菌剂,与防治小麦赤霉病的当家药剂多菌灵和三唑酮间无交互抗药性,该制剂杀菌谱广、内吸性强、速效性好、持效期长,对环境友好且具要成本低和加工简易的优点。

Description

一种防治小麦赤霉病的复配剂及其应用
技术领域
本发明属于农药杀菌组合物领域,尤其涉及一种防治小麦赤霉病的复配剂及其应用。
背景技术
小麦赤霉病是由植物病原真菌玉蜀赤霉病菌(Gibberella zeae)引起,是小麦穗期的主要病害。2012年,黄淮麦区的江苏、浙江和安徽等省绝大部分小麦上赤霉病呈特大发生,并形成病害流行,部分地区小麦绝收,黄淮区域小麦亩减产平均达15%。造成小麦赤霉病大发生并流行的主要原因有两个:一是,气候条件适宜于病原菌的流行传播;二是,小麦赤霉病菌对防治当家药剂多菌灵(carbendazim)的抗药水平和抗性菌株比例高,大发生年份多菌灵和以多菌灵为主成份的复配制剂(多·酮)在正常用量(水平)下不能有效防治该病,导致部分地区防治失败。当前,在世界范围内还没有高抗赤霉病的小麦品种,所以药剂防治仍然是主要的防控措施。在目前还没有突破性新药剂防治小麦赤霉病的前提下,急需从现有当家化学药剂中筛选(或复配)出,能有效防治该病的新型复配杀菌剂,显得尤其紧迫与必要。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种对小麦赤霉病有极高防治效果的氟环唑和咯菌腈复配杀菌剂,并提供本发明防治病害的使用方法。
为达到上述目的,本发明是通过以下的技术方案来实现的。
一种防治小麦赤霉病的复配剂,包含氟环唑和咯菌腈的可湿性粉剂、胶悬剂、微乳剂、水分散颗粒剂或颗粒剂。
进一步地所述氟环唑与咯菌腈的质量比为1:1~5。
进一步地所述氟环唑与咯菌腈的质量比为1:4。
进一步地当制成可湿性粉剂时按质量百分比其配比为:氟环唑1~10%、咯菌腈1~50%、助剂5~15%、余量为填充料。
进一步地所述所述填充料为高岭土。
进一步地还提供了一种防治小麦赤霉病的复配剂在防治小麦赤霉病上的应用,每次按照每公顷中氟环唑和咯菌腈总有效量30g和30~150g的用量,兑水600kg,细喷雾。
进一步地在小麦扬花初期喷施1次或在小麦盛花期喷施1次或在小麦扬花初期和盛花期各喷施1次。
有益效果:与现有技术相比,本发明的优点在于:复配药剂中的氟环唑和咯菌腈分别为不同作用机理的杀菌剂,与防治小麦赤霉病的当家药剂多菌灵和三唑酮间无交互抗药性;该制剂杀菌谱广、内吸性强、速效性好、持效期长,对环境友好且具要成本低和加工简易的优点。
具体实施方式
下面结合试验对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
本发明的氟环唑和咯菌腈复配杀菌剂对小麦赤霉病菌的室内活性测定如下:
氟环唑原药用甲醇、咯菌腈原药用丙酮分别溶解成1000μg/mL母液,并加入1%吐温-80。用无菌水配制成浓度分别为200、100、20、10、2、1、0.2、和0.1μg/mL的单剂系列药液,置于三角瓶中备用。将咯菌腈与氟环唑按有效含量分别配制成为1:1、2:1、3:1、4:1和5:1混剂的系列试液,置于三角瓶中备用。分别取上述系列稀释药剂1mL药液与9mL培养基(PDA)在培养皿内混匀,制成培养皿内含药量为20、10、2、1、0.2、0.1、0.02和0.01μg/mL的PDA培养基,用无菌水作空白对照。将保存的小麦赤霉病菌转接到PDA平皿中,经活化后,在近菌落边缘用打孔器制取直径为4mm的菌饼,再转接到带药的PDA平皿和空白对照中,每处理重复4次。在25℃下暗培养4d。
待空白对照中菌落快长满平皿时,采用十字交叉法量取菌落直径。计算菌落直径平均值,并按照下列公式计算菌丝生长平均抑制率:菌丝生长平均抑制率=[(对照菌落直径均值-处理菌落直径均值)/(对照菌落直径均值-接种菌饼直径)]×100%。采用DPS数据处理系统,计算出回归方程、EC50与EC90及其95%置信限。按Wadley法,计算增效系数(SR)。
根据增效系数(SR)评价药剂混用的联合作用类型,即SR<0.5为拮抗作用,0.5≤SR≤1.5为相加作用,SR>1.5为增效作用。SR=EC50(Eth)/EC50(Eob),EC50(Eth)=(a+b)/[(a/EC50A)+(b/EC50B)]。其中,A、B分别为杀菌剂单剂,a、b为相应单剂在混剂中的比例,EC50(Eth)为混剂EC50理论值,EC50(Eob)为混剂EC50实测值。
复配制剂和单剂对小麦赤霉病菌的室内毒力测定结果表明,咯菌腈、氟环唑、对小麦赤霉病菌的EC50分别为0.1101μg/mL和0.4247μg/mL,咯菌腈对小麦赤霉病菌室内生物活性高(表1)。
咯菌腈与氟环唑分别按1:1、2:1、3:1、4:1和5:1等比例混配组合对小麦赤霉病菌的EC50分别为0.1754μg/mL、0.1626μg/mL、0.1412μg/mL、0.1301μg/mL和0.1439μg/mL,5种混配组合对小麦赤霉病菌的增效系数(SR)分别为1.32、1.66、1.91、2.38和2.04。咯菌腈与氟环唑按4:1的比例混配对小麦赤霉病菌的增效作用极显著(增效系数SR达到2.38)。
表1 氟环唑、咯菌腈及其复配剂对小麦赤霉病菌的毒力测定结果
本发明的氟环唑和咯菌腈复配杀菌剂对小麦赤霉病菌的田间试验:
(一)试验小麦品种为镇麦168,施药时间为小麦扬花期或小麦扬花期、盛花期,使用含有氟环唑·咯菌腈、多菌灵、咯菌腈、氟环唑的可湿性粉剂,进行对比试验。
其中所用25%氟环唑·咯菌腈WP中含氟环唑5%、咯菌腈20%、湿润剂10%、K12(十二烷基硫酸钠)2%,其余为填充料高岭土,用水量为600kg/hm2,防治方法为细喷雾。
实验浓度设计为:
处理(1)25%氟环唑·咯菌腈WP 150g.ai/hm2在扬花初期防治1次;
处理(2)25%氟环唑·咯菌腈WP 150g.ai/hm2在扬花初期和盛花期各防治1次;
处理(3)25%氟环唑·咯菌腈WP 150g.ai/hm2在盛花期防治1次;
处理(4)50%多菌灵WP 150g.ai/hm2在扬花初期防治1次;
处理(5)50%多菌灵WP 150g.ai/hm2在扬花初期和盛期各防治1次;
处理(6)50%多菌灵WP 150g.ai/hm2在盛花期防治1次;
处理(7)25%咯菌腈WP 150g.ai/hm2在扬花初期防治1次;
处理(8)25%咯菌腈WP 150g.ai/hm2在扬花初期和盛期各防治1次;
处理(9)25%咯菌腈WP 150g.ai/hm2在扬花盛期防治1次;
处理(10)25%氟环唑WP 150g.ai/hm2在扬花初期防治1次;
处理(11)25%氟环唑WP 150g.ai/hm2在扬花初期和盛期各防治1次;
处理(12)25%氟环唑WP 150g.ai/hm2在扬花盛期防治1次;
处理(13)清水。
田间防治结果表明,(1)相同用药量且在小麦扬花初期防治1次的情况下,25%氟环唑·咯菌腈WP、50%多菌灵WP、25%咯菌腈WP和25%氟环唑WP的防治效果分别为72.04%、23.73%、61.27%和57.56%;(2)相同用药量且在小麦扬花初期和盛期各防治1次的情况下,25%氟环唑·咯菌腈WP、50%多菌灵WP、25%咯菌腈WP和25%氟环唑WP的防治效果分别为93.58%、50.01%、72.41%和62.48%;(3)相同用药量且在小麦盛花期防治1次的情况下,25%氟环唑·咯菌腈WP、50%多菌灵WP、25%咯菌腈WP和25%氟环唑WP的防治效果分别为83.29%、38.21%、70.51%和61.31%(表2)。
表2 25%氟环唑·咯菌腈WP对小麦赤霉病的田间防治结果
(二)试验小麦品种为镇麦168,施药时间为小麦扬花期或小麦扬花期、盛花期,采用不同配比的氟环唑和咯菌腈复配剂共防治1~2次。
复配剂(1)25%氟环唑·咯菌腈WP中含氟环唑5%、咯菌腈20%、湿润剂10%、K12(十二烷基硫酸钠)2%,其余为填充料高岭土,用水量为600L/hm2;A:小麦扬花期防治1次,B:小麦扬花期、盛花期各防治1次。
复配剂(2)2%氟环唑·咯菌腈WP中含氟环唑1%、咯菌腈1%、湿润剂4%、K12(十二烷基硫酸钠)1%,其余为填充料高岭土,用水量为450L/hm2;C:小麦扬花期防治1次,D:小麦扬花期、盛花期各防治1次。
复配剂(3)60%氟环唑·咯菌腈WP中含氟环唑10%、咯菌腈50%、湿润剂10%、K12(十二烷基硫酸钠)5%,其余为填充料高岭土,用水量为600L/hm2;E:小麦扬花期防治1次,F:小麦扬花期、盛花期各防治1次。
田间防治结果结果见表3。
表3 不同配比氟环唑·咯菌腈WP对小麦赤霉病的田间防治结果
本发明按照上述实施例进行了说明,应当理解,上述实施例不以任何形式限定本发明,凡采用等同替换或等效变换方式所获得的技术方案,均落在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种防治小麦赤霉病的复配剂,其特征在于,包含氟环唑和咯菌腈的可湿性粉剂、胶悬剂、微乳剂、水分散颗粒剂或颗粒剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防治小麦赤霉病的复配剂,其特征在于,所述氟环唑与咯菌腈的质量比为1:1~5。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种防治小麦赤霉病的复配剂,其特征在于,所述氟环唑与咯菌腈的质量比为1:4。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种防治小麦赤霉病的复配剂,其特征在于,当制成可湿性粉剂时按质量百分比其配比为:氟环唑1~10%、咯菌腈1~50%、助剂5~15%、余量为填充料。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种防治小麦赤霉病的复配剂,其特征在于,所述所述填充料为高岭土。
6.一种防治小麦赤霉病的复配剂在防治小麦赤霉病上的应用,其特征在于,每次按照每公顷中氟环唑和咯菌腈总有效量30g和30~150g的用量,兑水600kg,细喷雾。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种防治小麦赤霉病的复配剂在防治小麦赤霉病上的应用,其特征在于,在小麦扬花初期喷施1次或在小麦盛花期喷施1次或在小麦扬花初期和盛花期各喷施1次。
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WO2023023815A1 (en) * 2021-08-25 2023-03-02 Adama Australia Pty Limited Highly loaded fludioxonil formulations

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023023815A1 (en) * 2021-08-25 2023-03-02 Adama Australia Pty Limited Highly loaded fludioxonil formulations

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