CN105993840A - Method of drip irrigation under plastic film adopting sapindoside plant protecting agent and application of method in planting ailanthus in saline and alkaline land - Google Patents
Method of drip irrigation under plastic film adopting sapindoside plant protecting agent and application of method in planting ailanthus in saline and alkaline land Download PDFInfo
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- CN105993840A CN105993840A CN201610372174.XA CN201610372174A CN105993840A CN 105993840 A CN105993840 A CN 105993840A CN 201610372174 A CN201610372174 A CN 201610372174A CN 105993840 A CN105993840 A CN 105993840A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method of drip irrigation under a plastic film adopting a sapindoside plant protecting agent. The method comprises the step of pipeline system laying and further comprises the step of mixing. In the mixing step, the plant protecting agent is prepared from organic acid, nitrogen phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, medium element fertilizer, microelement fertilizer, common andrographis herb extract, chlorothalonil, alizarin, rice washing water, astaxanthin, activin, cellulase, potassium 4-butanoate, sodium naphthalene acetate, ferrous sulfate, fulvic acid, glycocoll and sapindoside. The invention further provides application of the method of drip irrigation under the plastic film adopting the sapindoside plant protecting agent in planting ailanthus in saline and alkaline land. According to the method of drip irrigation under the plastic film, water consumption is small, the preventing and treating effect on common pests of plants is good, the resistance of plants for common diseases is strong, heavy metal pollution in soil of the saline and alkaline land is greatly reduced after the plants are planted, and the medicinal value of the plants is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to drip irrigation under film field, be specifically related to a kind of under-film drip irrigation using sapindoside plant protection agent
Method and plant the application of ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle in salt-soda soil.
Background technology
Irrigate, supplement the technical measures of moisture needed for crop for ground.In order to ensure crop normal growth, obtain high yield steady
Produce, it is necessary to supply crop is with sufficient moisture.Under field conditions (factors), often uneven because of precipitation deficit or distribution, it is impossible to
Meet crop to moisture requirement.Therefore, it is necessary to irrigate artificially, to mend the deficiency of natural rainfall.The People's Republic of China (PRC)
Since establishment, carry out extensive and long-term irrigation and drainage Capital construction of project, achieved great achievement highly visible, for China
The sustainable development of agricultural and national economy provides irreplaceable infrastructure and material guarantee.To the end of the year 2003, the whole nation fills
Irrigate area and reach 55,800,000 hectares, make the arable land of 40% have irrigating facility.1949, irrigation water capacity was less than 100,000,000,000 cubes
Rice, accounts for the 16.3% of cultivated area at that time.Per capita irrigated area 0.03 hectare (0.44 mu).By 2003, reach 3300
Billion cubic meter.
Although China's Development achieves the biggest achievement, but is also faced with serious challenge, shortage of water resources is
Become the main restricting factor of Chinese society's sustainable economic development.Therefore, under-film drip irrigation arises at the historic moment, under-film drip irrigation, turns round and look at name
Think justice, be application drip irrigation technique under film.This is a kind of to combine the new of Israel's drip irrigation technique and domestic film coating technique advantage
Type water-saving technology.But, existing drip irrigation under film still suffers from many defects, such as:
1, existing under-film drip irrigation method water consumption is big, and water waste phenomenon is serious；
2, existing under-film drip irrigation method is wasted more when using plant protection agent, and plant is absorbance when absorbing the nutrition of plant protection agent
Low；
3, existing under-film drip irrigation method is poor to plant common insect pests prevention effect；
4, use existing under-film drip irrigation method to plant Common Diseases passivity ability；
5, after using existing under-film drip irrigation method planting plants, in alkaline land soil, heavy metal pollution is the most extremely serious；
6, the plant medical value using existing under-film drip irrigation method to plant is low.
In summary, prior art there will naturally be inconvenience and defect in actual use, it is therefore necessary to improved.
Summary of the invention
For solving technical problem present in prior art, the present invention provides a kind of microbial source preventing and treating apple pest
Pesticide and preparation method thereof, to realize following goal of the invention:
1, the under-film drip irrigation method water consumption of the present invention is few, is the 7.5%～8.5% of common irrigation water capacity；
2, after the under-film drip irrigation method of the present invention uses plant protection agent, the absorbance of Plant To Nutrient reaches 95%～99%；；
3, the under-film drip irrigation method of the present invention is good to plant common insect pests prevention effect；
4, the under-film drip irrigation method of the present invention, improves plant to Common Diseases resistivity；
5, after using the under-film drip irrigation method planting plants of the present invention, the heavy metal pollution in alkaline land soil is greatly reduced,
Content of beary metal in alkaline land soil is made to significantly reduce；
6, use the plant of the under-film drip irrigation method plantation of the present invention, improve the medical value of plant.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is as follows:
A kind of under-film drip irrigation method using sapindoside plant protection agent, including: tubing is laid.
The following is and the further of technique scheme is improved:
Also include mixing, in described blend step, plant protection agent is mixed according to the volume ratio of 1:300～700 with water；
Described plant protection agent includes the component of following weight portion:
Organic acid, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, moderate-element fertilizer, trace element fertilizer, Herba Andrographis extract, Bravo, rubican, rice washing
Water, astaxanthin, activin, cellulase, butyric acid potassium, Nafusaku, ferrous sulfate, fulvic acid, gum sugar, Fructus Sapindi Mukouossi soap
Glycoside.
Described plant protection agent includes the component of following weight portion:
Organic acid 1～3 parts, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 65～75 parts, moderate-element fertilizer 3～7 parts, trace element fertilizer 0.4～0.6 part,
Herba Andrographis extract 2～4 parts, Bravo 1～3 parts, rubican 1～3 parts, washing water of rice 2～4 parts, astaxanthin 0.5～1.5 parts, swash
Cytokines 2～4 parts, cellulase 1～3 parts, butyric acid potassium 1～3 parts, Nafusaku 0.5～1.5 parts, ferrous sulfate 0.5～
1.5 parts, fulvic acid 1～3 parts, gum sugar 1～3 parts, sapindoside 3～7 parts.
Described plant protection agent includes the component of following weight portion:
Organic acid 2 parts, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 70 parts, moderate-element fertilizer 5 parts, trace element fertilizer 0.5 part, Herba Andrographis extract 3 parts,
Bravo 2 parts, rubican 2 parts, washing water of rice 3 parts, astaxanthin 1 part, activin 3 parts, cellulase 2 parts, butyric acid potassium 2 parts,
Nafusaku 1 part, 1 part of ferrous sulfate, fulvic acid 2 parts, gum sugar 2 parts, sapindoside 5 parts.
Described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer includes: ammonium hydrogen carbonate, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate；
Ammonium hydrogen carbonate, calcium superphosphate, the ratio of weight and number of potassium sulfate are 3:1.5:2；
Wherein: in ammonium hydrogen carbonate, the content of nitrogen element is 26%；In calcium superphosphate, the content of P elements is 22%；Potassium unit in potassium sulfate
The content of element is 60%；
Described moderate-element fertilizer includes: calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, ammonium sulfate；
Calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, the ratio of weight and number of ammonium sulfate are 1:2:1；
Wherein: in calcium nitrate, the content of calcium constituent is 27%；In magnesium sulfate, the content of magnesium elements is 12%；Element sulphur in ammonium sulfate
Content is 24%；
Described trace element fertilizer includes: ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate monohydrate, manganese sulfate；
Ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate monohydrate, the ratio of weight and number of manganese sulfate are 2:1:1；
Wherein: in ferrous sulfate, the content of ferrum element is 19%；In zinc sulfate monohydrate, the content of zinc element is 35%；Manganese in manganese sulfate
The content of element is 28%；
Described organic acid be concentration be the formic acid of 98%；
Described activin is physcione, and the active constituent content of described physcione is 10%；
Described Herba Andrographis extract includes: andrographolide；Described Determination of Andrographolide is 16%.
The extracting method of described Herba Andrographis extract includes: extraction step, decolorization process, andrographolide separating step；
Using 95% soak with ethanol Herba Andrographis coarse powder in described extraction step, filter 23 0 minute after refluxing 2 hours, slag of getting it filled adds
98% methanol eddy 3 times, each 30 minutes；
Described decolorization process adds active fruit shell carbon decolour.
Described tubing is laid, and comprises the following steps:
Also include that covering with ground sheeting, described covering with ground sheeting comprise the following steps:
Overlay film: selection thickness is 0.1mm, one layer of mulch film of wide 40cm utilizes machinery that arm and water dropper are carried out a mulch film
Cover and lay, at one layer of mulch film limit earthing 2cm after having laid；
Secondary overlay film: selection thickness is 0.05mm, two layers of mulch film of wide 50cm utilize machinery that arm and water dropper carry out secondary ground
Film covers to be laid, and makes two layers of mulch film that one layer mulch film is completely covered, at two layers of mulch film limit earthing 5cm after having laid, on two layers of ground
Earthing 2cm in the middle part of film.
Also include that under-film drip irrigation, described under-film drip irrigation comprise the following steps:
Condition: pressure 110kPa, maximum moist diameter is the every water dropper of 150cm/；
Drip irrigation first: the time is 5 hours, and the amount of dripping is 18 cubic metres/mu, oozes 72 ~ 78cm under soil moisture, ground moistening degree is
60%；
Later stage drip irrigation: away from 20-25 days last time of drip irrigation once, 3 hours each drip irrigation time, the amount of dripping is 12 cubic metres/mu, soil
Oozing 76-85cm under earth moisture, ground moistening degree is 80%.
A kind of under-film drip irrigation method using sapindoside plant protection agent plants the application of ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle in salt-soda soil, described smelly
Chinese toon planting season, to select trunk height be 80-100cm, the ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle of a diameter of 2.0-2.5cm is planted on April, the middle ten days；Kind
Planting hole and water dropper one_to_one corresponding, plantation hole is away from two layers of mulch film 7-10cm, and the degree of depth in plantation hole is 18-25cm.
Compared with prior art, the invention have the benefit that
1, the under-film drip irrigation method water consumption of the present invention is few, is the 7.5%～8.5% of common irrigation water capacity；
2, after the under-film drip irrigation method of the present invention uses plant protection agent, the absorbance of Plant To Nutrient reaches 95%～99%；
3, the under-film drip irrigation method of the present invention is good to plant common insect pests prevention effect.As a example by ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle, to ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle common insect pests:
Philosamia cynthia, Eucryptorrhynchus brandti, speckle clothing plant hopper, fall webworms, the prevention effect of rotation skin noctuid respectively reach 95.6～98.8%, 96.8
～98.4%, 96.7～99.0%, 95.5～98.0%, 96.8～98.2%；
4, the under-film drip irrigation method of the present invention, improves plant to Common Diseases resistivity.As a example by ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle, make ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle to often
The disease seen: ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle powdery mildew, the disease-resistant rate of damping-off respectively reach 95.6～98.5%, 96.2～98.4%；
5, use the plant of the under-film drip irrigation method plantation of the present invention, greatly reduce heavy metal pollution in alkaline land soil, make
In alkaline land soil, content of beary metal significantly reduces.As a example by ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle, after planting ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle in alkaline land soil, the content of lead reduces
To 280mg/kg～340mg/kg, the content of cadmium is reduced to 0.26mg/kg～0.35mg/kg, and the content of chromium is reduced to 270mg/
Kg～310mg/kg, the content of arsenic is reduced to 18mg/kg～25mg/kg；
6, use the plant of the under-film drip irrigation method plantation of the present invention, improve the medical value of plant.As a example by ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle, make smelly
In Chinese toon, amarolide, the content of ailanthinone significantly improve, and improve the medical value of ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle, and the content of amarolide is
1.5 g/10g～2.3 g/10g, the content of ailanthinone is 2.8 g/10g～3.8 g/10g.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by way of specific embodiment, the present invention is described, but the present invention is not merely defined in these embodiments.
Embodiment 1 one kinds uses the under-film drip irrigation method of sapindoside plant protection agent
A kind of under-film drip irrigation method using sapindoside plant protection agent comprises the following steps:
Step 1, tubing laying:
Lay arm on earth's surface, a bore is 20mm, and arm is mounted parallel to the water dropper that ground is arranged, and water dropper internal diameter is
16mm, long 100mm, adjacent branch interval is 200cm, and on same arm, adjacent dripper spacing is 100cm.
Step 2, covering with ground sheeting:
Overlay film: selection thickness is 0.1mm, one layer of mulch film of wide 40cm utilizes machinery that arm and water dropper are carried out a mulch film
Cover and lay, at one layer of mulch film limit earthing 2cm after having laid；
Secondary overlay film: selection thickness is 0.05mm, two layers of mulch film of wide 50cm utilize machinery that arm and water dropper carry out secondary ground
Film covers to be laid, and makes two layers of mulch film that one layer mulch film is completely covered, at two layers of mulch film limit earthing 5cm after having laid, on two layers of ground
Earthing 2cm in the middle part of film.
Step 3, mixing: plant protection agent is mixed according to the volume ratio of 1:700 with water；
Step 4, under-film drip irrigation: mixed liquor enters tubing through filtration system under the conditions of pressure 110kPa, water dropper ooze
Carry out drip irrigation；
Drip irrigation first: the time is 5 hours, and the amount of dripping is 18 cubic metres/mu, oozes 72 ~ 78cm under soil moisture, ground moistening degree is
60%；
Later stage drip irrigation: away from 20-25 days last time of drip irrigation once, 3 hours each drip irrigation time, the amount of dripping is 12 cubic metres/mu, soil
Oozing 76-85cm under earth moisture, ground moistening degree is 80%.
In described step 4, mixed liquor flow velocity is 3m/s.
In described step 4, count maximum moist diameter as 150cm with water dropper.
In described blend step, plant protection agent includes the component of following weight portion:
Organic acid 1 part, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 65 parts, moderate-element fertilizer 3 parts, trace element fertilizer 0.4 part, Herba Andrographis extract 2 parts,
Bravo 1 part, rubican 1 part, washing water of rice 2 parts, astaxanthin 0.5 part, activin 2 parts, cellulase 1 part, butyric acid potassium 1
Part, Nafusaku 0.5 part, 0.5 part of ferrous sulfate, fulvic acid 1 part, gum sugar 1 part, sapindoside 3 parts；
Described organic acid be concentration be the formic acid of 98%；
Described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer includes: ammonium hydrogen carbonate, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate；
Ammonium hydrogen carbonate, calcium superphosphate, the ratio of weight and number of potassium sulfate are 3:1.5:2；
Wherein: in ammonium hydrogen carbonate, the content of nitrogen element is 26%；In calcium superphosphate, the content of P elements is 22%；Potassium unit in potassium sulfate
The content of element is 60%；
Described moderate-element fertilizer includes: calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, ammonium sulfate；
Calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, the ratio of weight and number of ammonium sulfate are 1:2:1；
Wherein: in calcium nitrate, the content of calcium constituent is 27%；In magnesium sulfate, the content of magnesium elements is 12%；Element sulphur in ammonium sulfate
Content is 24%；
Described trace element fertilizer includes: ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate monohydrate, manganese sulfate；
Ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate monohydrate, the ratio of weight and number of manganese sulfate are 2:1:1；
Wherein: in ferrous sulfate, the content of ferrum element is 19%；In zinc sulfate monohydrate, the content of zinc element is 35%；Manganese in manganese sulfate
The content of element is 28%；
Described activin is physcione, and the active constituent content of described physcione is 10%；
Described Herba Andrographis extract includes: andrographolide；Described Determination of Andrographolide is 16%；
The extracting method of described Herba Andrographis extract includes: extraction step, decolorization process, andrographolide separating step；
Using 95% soak with ethanol Herba Andrographis coarse powder in described extraction step, filter 23 0 minute after refluxing 2 hours, slag of getting it filled adds
98% methanol eddy 3 times, each 30 minutes；
Described decolorization process adds active fruit shell carbon decolour.
Embodiment 2 one kinds uses the under-film drip irrigation method of sapindoside plant protection agent
A kind of under-film drip irrigation method using sapindoside plant protection agent comprises the following steps:
Step 1, tubing laying:
Lay arm on earth's surface, a bore is 20mm, and arm is mounted parallel to the water dropper that ground is arranged, and water dropper internal diameter is
16mm, long 100mm, adjacent branch interval is 250cm, and on same arm, adjacent dripper spacing is 150cm.
Step 2, covering with ground sheeting:
Overlay film: selection thickness is 0.1mm, one layer of mulch film of wide 40cm utilizes machinery that arm and water dropper are carried out a mulch film
Cover and lay, at one layer of mulch film limit earthing 2cm after having laid；
Secondary overlay film: selection thickness is 0.05mm, two layers of mulch film of wide 50cm utilize machinery that arm and water dropper carry out secondary ground
Film covers to be laid, and makes two layers of mulch film that one layer mulch film is completely covered, at two layers of mulch film limit earthing 5cm after having laid, on two layers of ground
Earthing 2cm in the middle part of film.
Step 3, mixing: plant protection agent is mixed according to the volume ratio of 1:500 with water；
Step 4, under-film drip irrigation: mixed liquor enters tubing through filtration system under the conditions of pressure 110kPa, water dropper ooze
Carry out drip irrigation；
Drip irrigation first: the time is 5 hours, and the amount of dripping is 18 cubic metres/mu, oozes 72 ~ 78cm under soil moisture, ground moistening degree is
60%；
Later stage drip irrigation: away from 20-25 days last time of drip irrigation once, 3 hours each drip irrigation time, the amount of dripping is 12 cubic metres/mu, soil
Oozing 76-85cm under earth moisture, ground moistening degree is 80%.
In described step 4, mixed liquor flow velocity is 3m/s.
In described step 4, count maximum moist diameter as 150cm with water dropper.
In described blend step, plant protection agent includes the component of following weight portion:
Organic acid 2 parts, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 70 parts, moderate-element fertilizer 5 parts, trace element fertilizer 0.5 part, Herba Andrographis extract 3 parts,
Bravo 2 parts, rubican 2 parts, washing water of rice 3 parts, astaxanthin 1 part, activin 3 parts, cellulase 2 parts, butyric acid potassium 2 parts,
Nafusaku 1 part, 1 part of ferrous sulfate, fulvic acid 2 parts, gum sugar 2 parts, sapindoside 5 parts；
Described organic acid be concentration be the formic acid of 98%；
Described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer includes: ammonium hydrogen carbonate, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate；
Ammonium hydrogen carbonate, calcium superphosphate, the ratio of weight and number of potassium sulfate are 3:1.5:2；
Wherein: in ammonium hydrogen carbonate, the content of nitrogen element is 26%；In calcium superphosphate, the content of P elements is 22%；Potassium unit in potassium sulfate
The content of element is 60%；
Described moderate-element fertilizer includes: calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, ammonium sulfate；
Calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, the ratio of weight and number of ammonium sulfate are 1:2:1；
Wherein: in calcium nitrate, the content of calcium constituent is 27%；In magnesium sulfate, the content of magnesium elements is 12%；Element sulphur in ammonium sulfate
Content is 24%；
Described trace element fertilizer includes: ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate monohydrate, manganese sulfate；
Ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate monohydrate, the ratio of weight and number of manganese sulfate are 2:1:1；
Wherein: in ferrous sulfate, the content of ferrum element is 19%；In zinc sulfate monohydrate, the content of zinc element is 35%；Manganese in manganese sulfate
The content of element is 28%；
Described activin is physcione, and the active constituent content of described physcione is 10%；
Described Herba Andrographis extract includes: andrographolide；Described Determination of Andrographolide is 16%；
The extracting method of described Herba Andrographis extract includes: extraction step, decolorization process, andrographolide separating step；
Using 95% soak with ethanol Herba Andrographis coarse powder in described extraction step, filter 23 0 minute after refluxing 2 hours, slag of getting it filled adds
98% methanol eddy 3 times, each 30 minutes；
Described decolorization process adds active fruit shell carbon decolour.
Embodiment 3 one kinds uses the under-film drip irrigation method of sapindoside plant protection agent
A kind of under-film drip irrigation method using sapindoside plant protection agent comprises the following steps:
Step 1, tubing laying:
Lay arm on earth's surface, a bore is 20mm, and arm is mounted parallel to the water dropper that ground is arranged, and water dropper internal diameter is
16mm, long 100mm, adjacent branch interval is 300cm, and on same arm, adjacent dripper spacing is 200cm.
Step 2, covering with ground sheeting:
Overlay film: selection thickness is 0.1mm, one layer of mulch film of wide 40cm utilizes machinery that arm and water dropper are carried out a mulch film
Cover and lay, at one layer of mulch film limit earthing 2cm after having laid；
Secondary overlay film: selection thickness is 0.05mm, two layers of mulch film of wide 50cm utilize machinery that arm and water dropper carry out secondary ground
Film covers to be laid, and makes two layers of mulch film that one layer mulch film is completely covered, at two layers of mulch film limit earthing 5cm after having laid, on two layers of ground
Earthing 2cm in the middle part of film.
Step 3, mixing: plant protection agent is mixed according to the volume ratio of 1:300 with water；
Step 4, under-film drip irrigation: mixed liquor enters tubing through filtration system under the conditions of pressure 110kPa, water dropper ooze
Carry out drip irrigation；
Drip irrigation first: the time is 5 hours, and the amount of dripping is 18 cubic metres/mu, oozes 72 ~ 78cm under soil moisture, ground moistening degree is
60%；
Later stage drip irrigation: away from 20-25 days last time of drip irrigation once, 3 hours each drip irrigation time, the amount of dripping is 12 cubic metres/mu, soil
Oozing 76-85cm under earth moisture, ground moistening degree is 80%.
In described step 4, mixed liquor flow velocity is 3m/s.
In described step 4, count maximum moist diameter as 150cm with water dropper.
In described blend step, plant protection agent includes the component of following weight portion:
Organic acid 3 parts, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 75 parts, moderate-element fertilizer 7 parts, trace element fertilizer 0.6 part, Herba Andrographis extract 4 parts,
Bravo 3 parts, rubican 3 parts, washing water of rice 4 parts, astaxanthin 1.5 parts, activin 4 parts, cellulase 3 parts, butyric acid potassium 3
Part, Nafusaku 1.5 parts, 1.5 parts of ferrous sulfate, fulvic acid 3 parts, gum sugar 3 parts, sapindoside 7 parts；
Described organic acid be concentration be the formic acid of 98%；
Described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer includes: ammonium hydrogen carbonate, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate；
Ammonium hydrogen carbonate, calcium superphosphate, the ratio of weight and number of potassium sulfate are 3:1.5:2；
Wherein: in ammonium hydrogen carbonate, the content of nitrogen element is 26%；In calcium superphosphate, the content of P elements is 22%；Potassium unit in potassium sulfate
The content of element is 60%；
Described moderate-element fertilizer includes: calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, ammonium sulfate；
Calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, the ratio of weight and number of ammonium sulfate are 1:2:1；
Wherein: in calcium nitrate, the content of calcium constituent is 27%；In magnesium sulfate, the content of magnesium elements is 12%；Element sulphur in ammonium sulfate
Content is 24%；
Described trace element fertilizer includes: ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate monohydrate, manganese sulfate；
Ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate monohydrate, the ratio of weight and number of manganese sulfate are 2:1:1；
Wherein: in ferrous sulfate, the content of ferrum element is 19%；In zinc sulfate monohydrate, the content of zinc element is 35%；Manganese in manganese sulfate
The content of element is 28%；
Described activin is physcione, and the active constituent content of described physcione is 10%；
Described Herba Andrographis extract includes: andrographolide；Described Determination of Andrographolide is 16%；
The extracting method of described Herba Andrographis extract includes: extraction step, decolorization process, andrographolide separating step；
Using 95% soak with ethanol Herba Andrographis coarse powder in described extraction step, filter 23 0 minute after refluxing 2 hours, slag of getting it filled adds
98% methanol eddy 3 times, each 30 minutes；
Described decolorization process adds active fruit shell carbon decolour.
Embodiment 4 one kinds uses the under-film drip irrigation method of sapindoside plant protection agent to plant answering of ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle in salt-soda soil
With
(1) alkaline land improving
Using saline-alkali land soil conditioner, carry out alkaline land improving, after improvement, the indices in salt-soda soil is: 0-30cm soil layer contains
Salt amount is 0.25-0.26%, and soil pH is 6.9-7.1, and the ventilative hole of soil is 16.2-17.8%, and soil moisture content is
25.5-26.5%。
The mass ratio of each component of described saline-alkali land soil conditioner is:
15 parts of carbamide, breeze 3 parts, 2 parts of Calx, water-retaining agent 1 part, 6 parts of kieselguhr, resin glue 5 parts, Gourmet Powder Factory's fermented product 5 parts, withered
Grass bacillus cereus 1 part, photosynthetic bacteria 3 parts.
Described bacillus subtilis and photosynthetic bacteria use commercially available mode to obtain, described bacillus subtilis living bacteria count
For: 9.0 × 109cfu/mL ~ 10.0 × 109cfu/mL, described photosynthetic bacteria living bacteria count is: 20,000,000,000/g.
(2) ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle plantation
Planting season, selection trunk height was 80-100cm, the ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle of a diameter of 2.0-2.5cm is planted on April, the middle ten days,
The tubing that under-film drip irrigation method according to embodiment 1-3 is laid digs plantation hole, plantation hole and water dropper one_to_one corresponding, plantation hole
Away from two layers of mulch film 7-10cm, the degree of depth in plantation hole is 18-25cm.
(3) drip irrigation
The under-film drip irrigation method of 1-3 carries out drip irrigation first when ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle is planted according to embodiments of the present invention, implements according to the present invention
The under-film drip irrigation method of example 1-3 carries out later stage drip irrigation in ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle plantation.
(4) management
Investigation ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle pest and disease damage situation in time, it is ensured that the survival rate of ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle.
(5) removal
When planting season is 17-18 month, trunk height is 200-250cm, the removal of the ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle of a diameter of 3.5-5.0cm.
Percent in above-described embodiment, in addition to specified otherwise, for mass percent.
Result detects:
(1) the under-film drip irrigation method water consumption of the present invention is few, is the 7.5%～8.5% of common irrigation water capacity, and specific targets are shown in Table
1；
The under-film drip irrigation method of table 1 present invention irrigates the percentage ratio statistics with common irrigation water capacity
(2), after the under-film drip irrigation method of the present invention uses plant protection agent, the absorbance of Plant To Nutrient reaches 95%～99%；
(3) under-film drip irrigation method of the present invention is good to plant common insect pests prevention effect, as a example by ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle, and evil common to ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle
Worm: Philosamia cynthia, Eucryptorrhynchus brandti, speckle clothing plant hopper, fall webworms, the prevention effect of rotation skin noctuid respectively reach 95.6～98.8%,
96.8～98.4%, 96.7～99.0%, 95.5～98.0%, 96.8～98.2%, specific targets are shown in Table 2；
The under-film drip irrigation method of table 2 present invention prevention effect to ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle common insect pests
(4) under-film drip irrigation method of the present invention, improves plant to Common Diseases resistivity, as a example by ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle, makes ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle pair
Common disease: ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle powdery mildew, the disease-resistant rate of damping-off respectively reach 95.6～98.5%, 96.2～98.4%, specific targets
It is shown in Table 3；
The under-film drip irrigation method of table 3 present invention makes the ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle disease-resistant rate to Common Diseases
(5) use the plant of the under-film drip irrigation method plantation of the present invention, greatly reduce heavy metal pollution in alkaline land soil, make
In alkaline land soil, content of beary metal significantly reduces.As a example by ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle, after planting ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle in alkaline land soil, the content of lead reduces
To 280mg/kg～340mg/kg, the content of cadmium is reduced to 0.26mg/kg～0.35mg/kg, and the content of chromium is reduced to 270mg/
Kg～310mg/kg, the content of arsenic is reduced to 18mg/kg～25mg/kg, is specifically shown in Table 4；
Lead In Soil, cadmium, chromium, the content statistics of arsenic after ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle planted by 4 kinds of table
Comparison: use traditional irrigation method plantation ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle.
(6) use the plant of the under-film drip irrigation method plantation of the present invention, improve the medical value of plant.With ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle it is
Example, take ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle root, ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle skin be used as medicinal, in ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle, amarolide, the content of ailanthinone significantly improve, and improve ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle
Medical value, the content of amarolide is 1.5 g/10g～2.3 g/10g, and the content of ailanthinone is 2.8 g/10g～3.8
G/10g, is specifically shown in Table 5；
The content statistics of amarolide, ailanthinone in table 5 ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle
Other plant is also tested by the under-film drip irrigation method of the present invention, and test effect is good, lists the most one by one at this.
Finally it is noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is not limited to the present invention,
Although being described in detail the present invention with reference to previous embodiment, for a person skilled in the art, it still may be used
So that the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments to be modified, or wherein portion of techniques feature is carried out equivalent.
All within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, should be included in the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (10)
1. the under-film drip irrigation method using sapindoside plant protection agent, it is characterised in that: including: tubing is laid.
A kind of under-film drip irrigation method using sapindoside plant protection agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Also include mixing, in described blend step, plant protection agent is mixed according to the volume ratio of 1:300～700 with water；
Described plant protection agent includes the component of following weight portion:
Organic acid, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, moderate-element fertilizer, trace element fertilizer, Herba Andrographis extract, Bravo, rubican, rice washing
Water, astaxanthin, activin, cellulase, butyric acid potassium, Nafusaku, ferrous sulfate, fulvic acid, gum sugar, Fructus Sapindi Mukouossi soap
Glycoside.
A kind of under-film drip irrigation method using sapindoside plant protection agent the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
Described plant protection agent includes the component of following weight portion:
Organic acid 1～3 parts, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 65～75 parts, moderate-element fertilizer 3～7 parts, trace element fertilizer 0.4～0.6 part,
Herba Andrographis extract 2～4 parts, Bravo 1～3 parts, rubican 1～3 parts, washing water of rice 2～4 parts, astaxanthin 0.5～1.5 parts, swash
Cytokines 2～4 parts, cellulase 1～3 parts, butyric acid potassium 1～3 parts, Nafusaku 0.5～1.5 parts, ferrous sulfate 0.5～
1.5 parts, fulvic acid 1～3 parts, gum sugar 1～3 parts, sapindoside 3～7 parts.
A kind of under-film drip irrigation method using sapindoside plant protection agent the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
Described plant protection agent includes the component of following weight portion:
Organic acid 2 parts, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 70 parts, moderate-element fertilizer 5 parts, trace element fertilizer 0.5 part, Herba Andrographis extract 3 parts,
Bravo 2 parts, rubican 2 parts, washing water of rice 3 parts, astaxanthin 1 part, activin 3 parts, cellulase 2 parts, butyric acid potassium 2 parts,
Nafusaku 1 part, 1 part of ferrous sulfate, fulvic acid 2 parts, gum sugar 2 parts, sapindoside 5 parts.
A kind of under-film drip irrigation method using sapindoside plant protection agent the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
Described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer includes: ammonium hydrogen carbonate, calcium superphosphate, potassium sulfate；
Ammonium hydrogen carbonate, calcium superphosphate, the ratio of weight and number of potassium sulfate are 3:1.5:2；
Wherein: in ammonium hydrogen carbonate, the content of nitrogen element is 26%；In calcium superphosphate, the content of P elements is 22%；Potassium unit in potassium sulfate
The content of element is 60%；
Described moderate-element fertilizer includes: calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, ammonium sulfate；
Calcium nitrate, magnesium sulfate, the ratio of weight and number of ammonium sulfate are 1:2:1；
Wherein: in calcium nitrate, the content of calcium constituent is 27%；In magnesium sulfate, the content of magnesium elements is 12%；Element sulphur in ammonium sulfate
Content is 24%；
Described trace element fertilizer includes: ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate monohydrate, manganese sulfate；
Ferrous sulfate, zinc sulfate monohydrate, the ratio of weight and number of manganese sulfate are 2:1:1；
Wherein: in ferrous sulfate, the content of ferrum element is 19%；In zinc sulfate monohydrate, the content of zinc element is 35%；Manganese in manganese sulfate
The content of element is 28%；
Described organic acid be concentration be the formic acid of 98%；
Described activin is physcione, and the active constituent content of described physcione is 10%；
Described Herba Andrographis extract includes: andrographolide；Described Determination of Andrographolide is 16%.
A kind of under-film drip irrigation method using sapindoside plant protection agent the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
The extracting method of described Herba Andrographis extract includes: extraction step, decolorization process, andrographolide separating step；
Using 95% soak with ethanol Herba Andrographis coarse powder in described extraction step, filter 23 0 minute after refluxing 2 hours, slag of getting it filled adds
98% methanol eddy 3 times, each 30 minutes；
Described decolorization process adds active fruit shell carbon decolour.
A kind of under-film drip irrigation method using sapindoside plant protection agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described tubing is laid and is comprised the following steps:
Lay arm on earth's surface, a bore is 20mm, and arm is mounted parallel to the water dropper that ground is arranged, and water dropper internal diameter is
16mm, long 100mm, adjacent branch interval is 200cm～300cm, and on same arm, adjacent dripper spacing is 100cm～200cm.
A kind of under-film drip irrigation method using sapindoside plant protection agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Also include that covering with ground sheeting, described covering with ground sheeting comprise the following steps:
Overlay film: selection thickness is 0.1mm, one layer of mulch film of wide 40cm utilizes machinery that arm and water dropper are carried out a mulch film
Cover and lay, at one layer of mulch film limit earthing 2cm after having laid；
Secondary overlay film: selection thickness is 0.05mm, two layers of mulch film of wide 50cm utilize machinery that arm and water dropper carry out secondary ground
Film covers to be laid, and makes two layers of mulch film that one layer mulch film is completely covered, at two layers of mulch film limit earthing 5cm after having laid, on two layers of ground
Earthing 2cm in the middle part of film.
A kind of under-film drip irrigation method using sapindoside plant protection agent the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Also include that under-film drip irrigation, described under-film drip irrigation comprise the following steps:
Condition: pressure 110kPa, maximum moist diameter is the every water dropper of 150cm/；
Drip irrigation first: the time is 5 hours, and the amount of dripping is 18 cubic metres/mu, oozes 72 ~ 78cm under soil moisture, ground moistening degree is
60%；
Later stage drip irrigation: away from 20-25 days last time of drip irrigation once, 3 hours each drip irrigation time, the amount of dripping is 12 cubic metres/mu, soil
Oozing 76-85cm under earth moisture, ground moistening degree is 80%.
10. the under-film drip irrigation method using sapindoside plant protection agent plants an application for ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle, its feature in salt-soda soil
It is:
Described ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle planting season, to select trunk height be 80-100cm, the ailanthus altissima (mill.) swingle of a diameter of 2.0-2.5cm enters on April, the middle ten days
Row plantation；
Plantation hole and water dropper one_to_one corresponding, plantation hole is away from two layers of mulch film 7-10cm, and the degree of depth in plantation hole is 18-25cm.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN107936980A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-04-20 | 新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所(新疆维吾尔自治区新型肥料研究中心) | A kind of saline-alkali land soil conditioner and its preparation process |
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| CN107936980A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-04-20 | 新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所(新疆维吾尔自治区新型肥料研究中心) | A kind of saline-alkali land soil conditioner and its preparation process |
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