CN105990980A - Pedal-controlled electric apparatus, electric vehicle, and method of driving, braking and range extending of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a pedal-controlled electric apparatus and an electric vehicle. The pedal-controlled electric apparatus includes a power supply modulator, a driving control apparatus, a stator unit, rotor units, a swivel and a pedal sprocket wheel, wherein the swivel is an annular mechanical ring with a rotation axis, and at least two rotor units are arranged on the swivel at intervals; the material of each rotor unit includes a permanent magnet or a magnetizer, or combination of the permanent magnet and the magnetizer; the number of the stator unit is at least one; the relative air gap between the stator unit and the rotor unit period is less than or equal to 60mm; the driving control apparatus is arranged at a fixed part corresponding to the pedal sprocket wheel period or is designed and manufactured in an integrated way; and the power supply modulator acquires a user command through the driving control apparatus/electromagnetic brake apparatus and then outputs a sequential current correspondingly to enable the electric apparatus to realize driving/braking. The electric vehicle includes vehicle frame, a battery pack, at least one wheel, and at least one set of electric apparatus, wherein a range extending system is used for replenishing the secondary battery pack with electric energy in the set logic state.

Description

Foot-operated control electric device, electric motor car and driving thereof and braking, increasing Cheng Fangfa

Technical field

The present invention relates to electric motor car and mains power design field thereof, particularly to the frame for movement of a kind of electric device And drive and braking sequential current design method and the increasing Cheng Fangfa of electric motor car.

Background technology

The electric bicycle market mainstream is adapted Electric Motor Wheel at present, and tradition is really arranged on axle by this kind of Electric Motor Wheel Motor deform in wheel hub；Narrow sense wheel hub refers to the parts such as the flange, the bearing block that are connected with power transmission shaft, at present The more wheel rim that refers to of domestic user, the wheel hub described in this specification contains wheel hub and wheel rim two parts of narrow sense.

The confession electric drive of electric bicycle on market, is set to the rotary control of handle mostly, and this design is in recent years electric One of potential safety hazard that dynamic bicycle accident persistently rises；Because conventional motorcycle belongs to motor vehicles, driver possesses one Surely skill is handled, and electric bicycle bicycle, driver's major part did not accept operating automobile training, When running into emergency case, custom holds rotary knob, makes electric bicycle be in for eDrive state, even accelerates, And electric bicycle accelerates under car load heeling condition, the most serious consequence can be caused.

Permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine is mainly made up of, typically motor body, position detector and power inverter controller Structure is that permanent magnet is arranged on rotor, the arrangement of magnetic pole N/S interleaved, and some windings are arranged on stator, and position is examined Surveying device and constitute electronic commutator replacement mechanical contact reversing arrangement together with inverter controller, winding energising forms rotation Turn magnetic field and make rotor rotate；Its obvious problem is the degree of approximation modulation of deformed sine wave, although its power is powered and adopted Use PWQ technology, but in control thought method, be still limited by the traditional design of motor.

Colleague is intended to develop the Electric Motor Wheel arranging driving mechanism on wheel edge in recent years both at home and abroad, such as on market, one exists Rim outer rim sets tooth and installs the electric bicycle of output shaft band tooth motor, and the axle by gear transmission motor is defeated Go out power, though this kind of design has new meaning, owing to using conventional motors and usual manner to power, its electric energy conversion effect Rate and hub-type electric machinery with, and in rim outer rim, motor is set can be subjected to power constraints.

Mileages of continuation is short is the weakness of present stage electric motor car, and industry generally believes before high energy battery enters commercialization, Unrealistic by increasing the mileages of continuation of number of batteries lifting electric motor car, current automobile market main flow is that development is oily, electricity is double Source hybrid vehicle, its design philosophy is: using motor power when vehicle starting or low speed, automobile reaches certain speed It is transformed to use combustion engine powered during threshold values, thus reduces automobile when starting or low speed because fuel oil is at combustion in IC engine The exhaust pollution not exclusively caused；Its technical pattern is characterized as: on the basis of traditional design, parallel increase is a set of is electrically connected Connecing the electric motor system of set of cells, motor is provided electric energy output power by set of cells；Two-way power is by oily, electric Power switching device shares machine driven system, is delivered on wheel hub by the power of internal combustion engine or motor, this kind of double The design of driving source can be referred to as oil, electric power parallel system, and its distinct disadvantage is that manufacturing cost is high.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention, is to overcome the defect of the internal structure of existing electronic DC motor for vehicles, it is provided that one Kind of internal structure is different from traditional design, by power supply modulator, unidirectional current is changed into a kind of non-energized side simultaneously To the sequential electric current power supply plan of checker, simple in construction, torque is big, and technique easily realizes.

The electric device of a kind of foot-operated control that the present invention provides, described electric device includes power supply modulator 1, drives Actuation means 9a, stator unit 3a, rotor unit 3b, turn 6 and foot chain wheel 16；Described turning is one Having the annular machinery circle of rotary shaft, on it, interval arranges at least 2 rotor unit 3b；The material of described rotor unit Material includes permanent magnet or magnetic conductor, or both combine setting；When turning on 6 containing multiple PM rotor unit 3b1 Time, PM rotor cell rings is identical around the pole orientation arranged of turning；Described stator unit 3a is at least provided with one Near the fixed position turned, its periodicity formed with rotor unit is not more than 60mm relative to air gap 3d；Institute State driving actuation means 9a and be arranged on the fixed position corresponding with foot chain wheel 16 cycle, or with foot chain wheel one Change manufactures and designs；

Described power supply modulator 1 includes power input 1a, sequential current output terminal 1b and driving signal input 1d, the both positive and negative polarity of power input electrical connection set of cells 8, the inside of sequential current output terminal electrical connection stator unit Winding, driving signal input electrical connection drives actuation means 9a；Described power supply modulator to stator unit 3a inside Winding power makes the electromagnetic pole direction that stator unit is formed, and is set to and described PM rotor unit 3b1 motion phase To magnetic pole contrary；Swing circle/the frequency acquisition of foot chain wheel 16 is referred to by described driving actuation means by user Make and make power supply modulator corresponding output timing electric current, or other control modes of integrated drive generator manipulator output electric current, Realize the driving of electric device.

Preferably, the rated power of described power supply modulator is less than 10kW.

Preferably, other control modes of described power supply modulator output electric current, including constant current strength and stepping Constant current strength controls, push-and-pull stick controls and other any manually operated modes, including remote control.Institute The foot chain wheel stated, (sets tooth, by stepping on row rotation and will be stepped on by chain including tradition to step on behavior purpose on wheel Row power is transferred in the rotary shaft of wheel), only to control for the purpose of power supply modulator output current intensity and to have two concurrently Person's purpose arbitrarily devised；Power type of belt drive includes chain, gear, friction wheel or other arbitrary forms.

Preferably, turn described in and 6 include the wheel rim of wheel 5, wheel hub 15 and by mechanical component coaxial 7 respectively The annular machinery circle of wheel rim/wheel hub inner edge and the axis of wheel rotation of being connected；

The wheel rim of described wheel 5 has a mechanical annulus；Described wheel hub 15 has two or more machinery annulus, if Dry machinery annulus is coaxially connected by mechanical component；Described be respectively fixedly connected with wheel rim/wheel hub inner edge and wheel hub annular machinery The mechanical component of circle, including external spoke or the mechanical rib that manufactures with wheel rim/wheel hub integrated design.

It is furthermore preferred that described mechanical component also includes the deceleration/torque changing apparatus 2 of some gear combination；Deceleration/bending moment The drive input of device and 6 mechanical attachment of turning, its transmission output and wheel rim, the inner edge mechanical attachment of wheel hub； Deceleration/torque changing apparatus is independently arranged, or with turn or wheel hub integrated setting.

The permanent magnet of described rotor unit 3b material be conventional magnet steel, neodymium iron boron etc. one class with fixed magnetic pole and The material that pole orientation does not changes because of external magnetic field；Described magnetic conductor be a class self not carrying magnetic in conventional magnetizing mediums, But sense magnetisation and the pole orientation material contrary with outer magnetic field direction under outside magnetic field effect.

Described rotor unit 3b be arranged at the installation site turning on 6 include being embedded in turn outer rim, inner edge, turn Internal portion or with integrated design manufacture of turning, do not affect be installed on turn on the premise of do not limit shape；Described turn Subelement interval on turning is arranged perfectly even arranges.Described PM rotor unit turn on 6 homopolarity to Arrange, overlap with 6 coaxial normals 10 of turning/vertical 4 kinds of typical combination states including N/S the two poles of the earth line, and On the basis of 4 kinds of typical combination states, line deflection in N/S the two poles of the earth is less than 17 degree.

Preferably, described stator unit 3a is formed around the magnetic core of magnetic media material by the good conductor loop of least one set, in it Portion's coil windings can arbitrarily connect by series, parallel, or by draw between different windings centre tap composition multi-thread outside Take back road；Externally the mode of electrical connection can be two lines or the loop of multi-thread composition.

Preferably, described near 6 fixed positions arranging stator unit 3a of turning, including outside of turning vehicle frame, Fix the machinery that axle is connected with wheel in turning；The electromagnetic pole direction of some stator unit windings energising combination sets Put, it then follows the principle that the magnetic pole in opposite directions that moves with rotor unit 3b is contrary, with a combination thereof electromagnetic field through air gap 3d's It is preferred that magnetic flux obtains maximum.Described stator unit 3a or some stator unit combination near turn 6 fix The setting at position, electromagnetic pole the two poles of the earth line 12 of being formed including internal winding energising is vertical with the normal 10 of wheel 5/ The 4 kinds of typicalnesses overlapped, and include that deflection is less than 17 degree of angles；

Preferably, described electric device also includes that sensing device, described sensing device include that some energy sensings are described and turn Subelement and stator unit are relative to the sensing unit 3c of position；Described sensing unit and the sensing of described power supply modulator Signal input part 1c electrically connects；Described electric device at least interiorly or exteriorly arranges a sensing unit turn；

Preferably, described sensing device also includes that the inside winding of stator unit, described internal winding include around fixed The winding of subelement magnetic core and by the multi-thread external loop being in series between some stator unit windings.

Preferably, described electric device also includes electro-magnetic braking device 9b, and described power supply modulator 1 also includes braking Signal input part 1e, it electrically connects electro-magnetic braking device；Described power supply modulator is obtained by electro-magnetic braking device and uses The braking instruction at family corresponding output timing electric current, make electric device realize braking.

In the present invention, DC source is converted to sequential electric current by described power supply modulator, makes the stator in electric device Unit is energized and power-off with being limited at the time domain periodic of power supply modulator setting.

In the present invention, the described electric motor car containing any of the above-described electric device includes vehicle frame 4, set of cells 8 and at least Individual wheel 5, described electric motor car is at least provided with a set of described electric device；Described set of cells includes disposable One-shot battery 8a or can be repeated several times the secondary cell 8b that charging uses, or both combine setting；Described vehicle frame Arbitrarily；Described wheel includes single-wheel hub and the quasi-single-wheel structure of coaxial two wheel hubs of compact installation.

Preferably, described one-shot battery 8a and secondary cell 8b combination setting includes electrically in parallel connection.

It is furthermore preferred that install electric energy supplementary device 18, described electric energy additional during described electric motor car configuration secondary battery 8b Supplementary device includes material arbitrary one-shot battery 8a and controls device combination, or is that internal combustion engine generator controls with system Device combines, or both combine setting；Electric energy supplementary device electrically connects secondary battery by logic charging device 17； Described logic charging device is independently arranged, or its part logic function or whole logic function are integrated in power supply tune In device 1 processed.Described increasing journey system includes electric energy supplementary device and logic charging device.

The control device of described one-shot battery 8a at least includes one-shot battery starter；Described internal combustion engine generator includes Internal combustion engine and electromotor, described system control device at least includes internal combustion engine start and arresting stop；Described internal combustion engine Fuel any；The combination of described electric energy supplementary device is arranged, including one-shot battery and control device, internal combustion generating Machine is respectively arranged more than a set of with controlling device.Described logic charging device at least includes battery charge controller, its design Also can have one-shot battery concurrently controls device or/and the function of circuit control device of electromotor.

The invention also discloses the driving method of a kind of aforementioned electric device, the method is passed through described by power supply modulator The position relationship output timing electric current of rotor unit 3a and stator unit 3b controls electric device and rotates；

Described sequential defines according to turning direction of rotation, and described sequential electric current is being turned according to stator unit electromagnetic field On useful effect interval combine turn on rotor unit number and several make and break periods T is set, each break-make week Phase T includes power time domain and power-off time domain；Described power supply time domain is positioned at the 30 degree≤θ≤90 degree corresponding time period, The dynamic angle that described θ is formed around the direction of electromagnetic field captivation suffered by axle Yu its normal component of force by rotor unit； In described power-off time domain, power supply modulator 1 does not export electric current.

Preferably, the electric current of described power supply time domain not notch shape, frequency and dutycycle.

Preferably, described energising time domain T₁The magnetic flux density of interior initial electric current, voltage or stator unit is by sensing dress Put and obtain rotating speed instantaneous value of turning and combine and drive the instruction that provides of actuation means 9a to adjust.

Preferably, described method also includes aligning step；Described aligning step is by stator unit and rotor unit week Phase property trapping gap relatively, the state (θ is 0) that is in same normal as benchmark coordinate and fiducial time, work as rotor The each forward of unit is to reference seat timestamp, and power supply modulator carries out a time when returning 0 calibration and record this cycle Between, by comparing cycle time to reference seat target with rotor unit forward last time, thus know swing circle of turning Time, and control to export electric current.

The invention also discloses the braking method of described electric device, the method is according to described rotor unit convergence stator Unit, rotor unit normal same with at stator unit relative (θ is 0) and being in away from least one of state In time domain, make power supply modulator output timing electric current control electric device by electro-magnetic braking device 9b and brake；

Described sequential defines according to turning direction of rotation；Described rotor unit convergence stator unit is 0≤θ≤30 Spend the corresponding time period, described θ be rotor unit on turning around electromagnetic field captivation suffered by axle and its normal component of force The dynamic angle that formed of direction.

Preferably, described method also includes aligning step, and θ is 0 as benchmark coordinate and base by described aligning step Between Zhun Shi, know rotor unit convergence/relatively/away from the location status of stator unit by sensing device.

Described power supply modulator electric device is driven energising and braking energising logical relation be set to or.

Preferably, described output electric current rate-determining steps includes:

1) when driving actuation means 9 to power supply modulator 1 without input instruction, power supply modulator dormancy；

2) when driving actuation means 9 to provide assisted instruction, power supply modulator 1 output timing electric current；

3) when electric device rotating speed or energising frequency reach the threshold value set, described power supply modulator power-off.

The invention also discloses a kind of of described electric motor car configuration secondary battery 8b and increase Cheng Fangfa, the method is electronic Plant running needs continue electric energy supplement for secondary battery 8b, or when secondary battery real-time voltage or remaining are held When value is less than set threshold values, enable electric energy supplementary device 18 for secondary battery electric energy supplement.

The present invention is directed to the design feature of electric device, power supply modulator is implanted numerical control programming logic, is allowed to realize Efficient electricity-saving.Described electric device is applied to electric motor car can use one-shot battery, secondary cell or two class battery combination, Described one-shot battery includes that the battery of all disposable electric discharges and various fuel cell, such as zinc-air battery, aluminum are empty Pneumoelectric pond and hydrogen converting electrical energy etc. can provide the device of disposable electric energy；After described secondary cell includes all electric discharges Rechargeable battery, such as lithium battery, lead battery, metal hydrogen storage battery etc..In view of current electric motor car market The energy storage density of institute's adapted secondary cell is relatively low, the present invention is directed to this state of the art and devises and be intended to secondary cell The increasing journey system of electric energy supplement, effectively solves the known subject matter that full charge endurance of electromobile is short.

It is an advantage of the current invention that: the foot-operated electric device controlled has sequential and controls to bring for being electrically coupled human engineering Energy-saving effect, increase journey system and can overcome the short subject matter of full charge endurance of electromobile, be designed with this scheme Electric device simple in construction, combination variation, low cost, effectively adapt to the design requirement of high-end electric motor car.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 a is a kind of base structure schematic diagram of electric device basic machine of the present invention.

Fig. 1 b is a kind of structural representation that rotor unit is arranged on the wheel rim of electric motor car.

Fig. 1 c is a kind of structural representation that rotor unit is arranged at the wheel hub inner edge of electric motor car.

Fig. 1 d is the special a kind of structural representation turned in rotor unit is arranged at wheel.

Fig. 2 a is that PM rotor unit arranges schematic diagram at a kind of magnetic pole turned.

Fig. 2 b is that PM rotor unit arranges schematic diagram at the another kind of magnetic pole turned.

Fig. 2 c is that magnetic conductor rotor unit arranges schematic diagram in the one turned.

Fig. 3 a is that stator unit column type is set to the schematic diagram vertical with normal of turning around core.

Fig. 3 b is the schematic diagram that stator unit column type is set to around core overlap with normal of turning.

Fig. 3 c be stator unit matrix around core top just structural representation to rotating inner edge.

Fig. 4 a is electromagnetic force Directional Decomposition schematic diagram suffered by upper rotor part unit of turning.

Fig. 4 b is the view that rotor unit and stator unit are in coaxial normal.

Fig. 5 a is the groundwork logical schematic of power supply modulator.

Fig. 5 b is the block combiner schematic diagram of a kind of digital technology logic realizing power supply modulator.

Fig. 5 c is the work-based logic schematic diagram that power supply modulator sets up electro-magnetic braking device input.

Fig. 6 is the time diagram that power supply modulator exports that electric current is periodicity break-make.

Fig. 7 a is a kind of partial structurtes schematic diagram of stator unit 8 rotor units of combination.

Fig. 7 b is that rotor counterclockwise rotates corresponding a kind of power on/off time domain schematic diagram.

Fig. 7 c is a kind of energising logical schematic of a corresponding stator unit 8 rotor units of combination.

Fig. 8 a is a kind of partial structurtes schematic diagram of two stator unit 8 rotor units of combination.

Fig. 8 b is a kind of partial structurtes schematic diagram of 12 stator unit 12 rotor units of combination.

Fig. 9 a is to increase a kind of logic control constructs schematic diagram that secondary battery is charged by journey system.

Fig. 9 b is to increase the another kind of logic control constructs schematic diagram that secondary battery is charged by journey system.

Figure 10 is a kind of partial structurtes schematic diagram that the present invention is applied to tricycle.

Accompanying drawing identifies:

1, power supply modulator；1a, power input；1b, sequential current output terminal；1c, transducing signal input； 1d, driving signal input；1e, brake signal input；2, deceleration/torque changing apparatus；3a, stator unit； 3b, rotor unit；3c, sensing unit；3d, air gap；4, vehicle frame；5, wheel；6, turn；7, wheel shaft； 8, set of cells；8b, secondary battery；9a, driving actuation means；9b, electro-magnetic braking device；10, coaxial method Line；11, wheel tangent line；12, winding two extreme direction line；14, interval；15, wheel hub；16, foot chain wheel； 17, logic charging device；18, electric energy supplementary device；The angle that θ, electromagnetic force are formed with its normal component of force.

Detailed description of the invention

The present invention is described in detail further with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

A kind of motor body base structure of electric device of the present invention as shown in Figure 1a, 6 upper rotor part unit of turning N/S magnetic pole arrange in the same direction, different from the scheme that routine techniques N/S magnetic pole is arranged alternately；Described turning can be The wheel rim of wheel 5, as shown in Figure 1 b；Or described wheel hub, as illustrated in figure 1 c；Can also be to be coaxially disposed Annular machinery circle in wheel, as shown in Figure 1 d.Stator unit 3a is formed by good wire wounded core, described Good wire generally uses copper material or copper-plated metal, and magnetic core uses conventional magnetic media material, and such magnetizing mediums is this area The material of higher complementary field can be produced under a kind of outside magnetic field effect known to technical staff.

See Fig. 2 a, turn and a PM rotor unit 3b1 is set on 6, its S pole-face to the axle 7 turning interior, One stator unit 3a is positioned close to the fixed position of rotating inner edge, its winding energising N pole-face to turning, two The air gap 3d that person moves relative is sufficiently small, then during the stator unit that rotor unit convergence is energized, and can be by stator unit Magnetic action attracts and makes accelerated motion of turning；In another embodiment, the S pole fortune of PM rotor unit 3b1 Moving stator unit in opposite directions, body direction of rotation is reversed corresponding thereto in the N pole of stator unit winding energising, both magnetic action It is similarly attracting, as shown in Figure 2 b；If being provided that magnetic conductor rotor unit 3b2 on turning, because it carries magnetic it is By stator unit electromagnetic field inducing institute extremely, no matter how the energising direction of stator unit winding is arranged, both magnetic action It is attracting, as shown in Figure 2 c；It is of the present invention that this stator unit electromagnetic pole relation attracting with rotor unit is arranged The basic model of electric device, preferably two kinds different substrate materials combinations are arranged, because permanent magnet and magnetic conductor have actively Carry magnetic and by two kinds of different qualities of dynamic load magnetic, can combine according to its different qualities variation.

As shown in fig. 4 a, during the stator unit that rotor unit is energized around axle convergence, suffered electromagnetic force F can be analyzed to method Line 10 direction F₁₀With tangent line 11 direction F₁₁, wherein contributive around axle to rotor unit is F₁₁, F and F₁₀Side To defining dynamic angle theta.Rotor unit stress is relevant in the interval turned to stator unit electromagnetic field effect, opposing connection Core is column or I-shaped stator unit, and its electromagnetism line of force passes through the maximum interval, corresponding to electromagnetic pole two of air gap The state of pole line 12 vertical to the corresponding normal 10 turned (parallel with corresponding tangent line 11), as shown in Figure 3 a； Column or the I-shaped the two poles of the earth line that also may be configured as electromagnetic pole around core overlap to corresponding normal of turning, as shown in Figure 3 b, This set-up mode is selected when being usually the combination arrangement of multiple stator unit.For matrix around core, its electromagnetic force is to rotor The effect of unit is interval, is positioned at matrix in the range of core top is just to the two ends turned, as shown in Figure 3 c.

Enter the interval of stator unit electromagnetic field effect at rotor unit around axle, there are two electromagnetic force state particular points, One is F and F₁₁Overlap, show as F and overlap around axle tangential direction with rotor unit, with electromagnetic force state description Effective stress of rotor unit is interval, is positioned at rotor unit and is in coaxial normal 10 (θ is 0 state) with stator unit On the basis of, θ be (described ± to define according to the direction of rotation turned) in the interval, position of ± 90 degree；When θ is 90 Time, F₁₁For maximum.Another electromagnetic force state particular point is F and F₁₀Overlapping, θ is 0, F₁₁It is 0, F₁₀For Maximum, now electromagnetic force to rotor unit around axle without contribution, as shown in Figure 4 b；F₁₁And F₁₀Be a pair this disappear that Long kinematic variables, its theoretical strong and weak conversion with ∠ θ be 45 degree as separation, the status and appearance θ ＞ 45 degree is With around axle driving force F₁₁Being main, the status and appearance θ ＜ 45 degree is with normal direction brake force F₁₀It is main.

The actuation techniques scheme of electric device of the present invention is: the time domain of corresponding 30 degree≤θ≤90 degree of power supply modulator supplies Electricity, remaining time domain power-off；In this time domain, should select in 60 degree≤θ≤90 degree or 75 based on the design of economize on electricity The time domain of degree≤θ≤90 degree is powered, and need to make full use of rotary inertia of turning and may select in 45 degree≤θ≤90 degree or 30 The time domain of degree≤θ≤90 degree is powered；Because 30 degree of states of θ ＜ are with F₁₀Being main, its power supply is without driving meaning；This driving The break-make time domain of electric current as shown in Figure 6, wherein T₁For conduction time, T₂And T₀It is power-off time, (T₁+T₂+T₀) Constitute Timing driver current cycle T.The braking technology scheme of electric device of the present invention is: power supply modulator is corresponding T₂And T₀Part time domain or all time domain be set to power supply, described T₂For rotor unit around axle convergence stator unit pair Answer the time domain of 0 degree≤θ≤30 degree, described T₀For rotor unit around axle away from the corresponding time domain of stator unit；In like manner, 30 degree of states of θ ＞ are with considerable tangential electromagnetic force F₁₁, unhelpful to electric device braking.

Above-mentioned power supply modulator, according to the control of ∠ θ dynamically corresponding switching electricity, can approximate transform be relative time control, Because power supply modulator is easily sentenced by timing alignment and is known that θ is from 90 degree to 0 degree, i.e. (T₁+T₂) time period, As long as setting T₁With T₂Relative time, be i.e. equivalent to the switching electric control to θ corresponding state；Such as control θ The time domain energising of corresponding 90 degree to 45 degree, can briefly be set in (T₁+T₂) time period initiate 1/2 time domain energising, 1/2 time domain power-off afterwards；In like manner, when the time domain controlling corresponding 30 degree to 0 degree of θ is energized, can briefly be set in (T₁+T₂) time period initiate 2/3 time domain power-off, 1/3 time domain energising afterwards；(T₁+T₂) time period is one The amount relevant to rotating speed of turning, to judge that the real-time status of θ has deviation in speed change state cycle time, this deviation Depending on power supply modulator is that 0 degree of state carries out correcting in time in next cycle time calibration at θ.

θ is the magnetic interaction hidden variable of a rotor unit and stator unit relative motion, when inner stator unit of turning After (the including combination) scheme that arranges determines, corresponding θ is that the aobvious state position of 90 degree is determined simultaneously, its exact position Be one to radian of turning, air-gap separation, stator unit around the relevant value of the parameters such as core shape and arrangement thereof, have many Planting theoretical model, specific design should be through test inhabitant area.Power supply modulator exports driving or the work of stalling current accordingly Logic can be controlled circuit by ordinary tap and realize, it is possible to use CPU programming to combine power model group circuit realiration, or The special chip using large scale integrated circuit technology to manufacture realizes.

Fig. 7 a is the partial structurtes schematic diagram of stator unit 8 rotor units of combination, and stator unit is turning one Individual swing circle π respectively with 8 rotor unit generation magnetic action, the theoretical sequential electric current that power supply modulator is corresponding is drawn It is divided into 8 (T₁+T₂+T₀) cycle, Fig. 7 b denotes a kind of T that sets and rotates as π/8 and rotor counterclockwise The T that direction is corresponding₁、T₂And T₀Schematic frequency domain, Fig. 7 c is the energising logical schematic of one of them cycle T. Rotor unit not arranges The more the better, and it is effective that its number n on turning is limited to suffered stator unit electromagnetic force The interval corresponding space occupy-place of effect, otherwise the sequential current cycle of power supply modulator correspondence output can overlap.

As shown in Figure 8 a, turning interior arranges two stator units, turn on 8 rotor units are set, in rotation of turning Turn-week is interim, and power supply modulator to provide 8 cycles for (T for two stator units respectively₁+T₂+T₀) sequential Electric current, this kind of combination set-up mode applies in general to the wheel rim of wheel；Wheel hub inner rotary member is arranged on for rotor unit Design, preferable 8 stator units combine 10 rotor units, 12 stator units 12 rotor lists of combination Unit's (as shown in Figure 8 b), etc..In theory when H stator unit and n rotor unit modular design, as Really power supply modulator is to H the discrete power supply of stator unit winding, needs correspondence design n*H electric current sequential, i.e. n*H Individual (T₁+T₂+T₀) electric current sequential, programming is by sufficiently complex；Therefore the utility system at multiple stator units designs In, preferably H the electrically coupled in series combination of stator unit winding, or H stator unit winding be divided into some groups of external power supplys Manipulator；The such as windings in series of 12 stator units, draws tap totally three lines to dispatch from foreign news agency in the middle of every 4 windings Connect power supply modulator, be technically also with the difference of the differetial-potential that these three lines compare two-by-two, as one Differentiation rotor unit relative to the signal source of position, substitutes the sensing unit being independently arranged with stator unit.

Power supply modulator can realize by ordinary tap circuit design or pulse digit technology, the fundamental functional modules of the latter Generally comprise power converting circuit, interior storage has microprocessor and the signal input and output circuit of working procedure, can lead to Cross sensing unit 3c feedback signal and correspondingly control to drive the sequential electric current of module output；The basic work of power supply modulator Making logic such as Fig. 5 a to show, Fig. 5 b is a kind of block combiner schematic diagram realizing digital technology logic.

The work-based logic transformation directive signal of power supply modulator is typically from being connected in the sensing list turned interiorly or exteriorly Unit 3c obtains, and sensing unit is not limited to use magnetoelectric induction winding or Hall element, it is possible to use photoelectric encoder etc., When rotor unit moves around axial period, sensing unit can obtain the rate of change of electric current (voltage) and feed back to power supply Manipulator, power supply modulator sends electric current sequential accordingly according to its transducing signal.According to the work essence to sensing unit Degree and reliability requirement, sensing unit can interiorly or exteriorly arrange one or several turning, be even deformed into from Above-mentioned multiple stator unit windings in series become multi-thread circuit feedback mode and use stator unit 3a Double-wire ring around Winding feedback mode obtain work-based logic transformation directive signal, now the transducing signal input 1c of power supply modulator The most built-in, its response processes the working procedure logic to power supply modulator and proposes high requirement.

To sum up, described power supply modulator is a logic power switching system, and sequential power cycles/frequency reflects The unit interval inner stator unit 3a energization action number of times to rotor unit 3b, this time sequence frequency remote definition turns Energising amplitude or electromagnetic force needed for the rotating speed of body and stator unit (come from the power supply modulator winding to stator unit Energising), energising amplitude is the biggest, and the energising of unit interval inner stator unit is the biggest to the active force of rotor unit, effect time Number is the most, and its result is that the rotating speed turned is the fastest.The time sequence frequency of the exported electric current of power supply modulator, with rotation of turning Turn cycle implicit (T₁+T₂+T₀) sequential effect number of times, energising mean intensity and the rotating speed turned be phase The most corresponding all physical quantity relations, when after many entrance logic working states that imposes a condition of power supply modulator, control The frequency of sequential energising namely controls the rotating speed of electric device.The rotating speed of this Artificial Control electric device is logical The input 1d of actuation means 9a electric connection of power supply manipulator of overdriving realizes.

Described driving actuation means 9a is set to foot chain wheel and controls the mode of electric device rotating speed, is built upon power supply Output electric current/the time sequence frequency of stator unit winding is inversely proportional to foot chain wheel swing circle or says and foot by manipulator On the basis of stepping on the method that sprocket wheel speed is directly proportional.This technical goal can use conventional art to realize, such as, exist The region that in foot chain wheel rotation, the cycle is corresponding arranges a magnetoelectric induction device, is believed by the electric pulse periodically obtained Number and make power supply modulator sentence the speed known required for bicyclist；This technical goal can also be in foot chain wheel and rotation thereof The technology such as electric motor car parts photosensitive, the Hall control of employing that the turn-week phase is relevant realize.Described power supply modulator stepping is permanent Determining current intensity and i.e. fix the control mode of electric device rotating speed, may be designed as some gears, such as 1 grade is switching The foot-operated electric device rotating speed that controls, certain of 2 grades, 3 grades, 4 grades electric motor cars the most corresponding sets speed.

When electric device sets up electromagnetic force braking function, the brake signal input 1e that power supply modulator is set up accordingly Electrically connect with electro-magnetic braking device 9b, as shown in Figure 5 c；The function of electro-magnetic braking device is controllable power modulation The braking energising intensity that device is exported, braking electrical current is the biggest, and electromagnetic braking effect is the best.

In the present invention, the preferred permanent magnet of rotor unit and the combination of magnetic conductor bi-material are arranged, and have an advantage in that: as Why fruit only arranges PM rotor unit 3b1 on turning, and because its magnetic pole is fixed, in motion model, no matter pole orientation Sample is arranged, and all can not follow the electromagnetic force of stator unit with dynamic antipole form, to the driving of electric device, Control for brake effect is not as using magnetic conductor rotor unit good；If only arranging magnetic conductor rotor unit 3b2 on turning, Because its magnetic pole is sensing magnetisation, when its just at being in same normal 7 with stator unit trapping gap, θ be 0 time, Stall easily occurs；Bi-material combination arranges the advantage that can have both concurrently.PM rotor it is provided with on turning Unit 3b1, power supply modulator is sentenced the interior location state knowing that θ is 0, is sent quiet accordingly easily by sensing device State starts sequential electric current；The so-called static simple example starting sequential electric current, is that power supply modulator is in the setting time In the case of maximum can not get sensing device feedback signal, send open in opposite direction with normal drive current in real time Streaming current, above at least one PM rotor unit 3b1 that makes to turn is deviateed with fixed by the like pole effect of repelling each other Subelement trapping gap is in same normal, θ is the state of 0, it is to avoid start the most smoothly.

Stator unit interior arranges main points turning, be intended to make rotor unit in Periodic Rotating formed effectively The relative air gap 3d of magnetic action occurs, and this air gap is that stator unit leads to the energy of rotor unit transmission electromagnetic force Road, air gap is the least more is conducive to magnetic energy effect to transmit, but the too small easy generation Mechanical Contact of air gap, need to combine during design Close rigidity and the machining accuracy holding material.Fig. 1 a, Fig. 1 b and Fig. 1 c are in stator unit is arranged on and turns A kind of example of edge, stator unit also can change into the structure being arranged on outer rim fixed position of turning.

When the optimum speed/torque of electric device needs applied mechanical device to adjust, deceleration/torque changing apparatus 2 can be added, Reach change the rotating speed of machine driving input or change the technical goal of torque by the combination of some gears, slow down/ The design of torque changing apparatus is more, both can be independently arranged, it is also possible in outside implementation integration global design of turning, Even it is deformed into and outside rotary apparatus disjunctor design；But turn outside non-coaxial deceleration/torque changing apparatus is set time, Generally need to configure suspension, damping spring etc. and adjust center of gravity, not preferred scheme.

Existing market main flow electric motor car is configuration secondary cell, and owing to the specific energy of secondary cell is low, lead battery is general Being only 40VAh/Kg, lithium battery is generally 120VAh/Kg, and the course continuation mileage joining car owes ideal；One-shot battery Advantage is that self discharge is little, specific energy is high, and the specific energy of the aluminium-air cell that Recent experimental room makes reaches More than 8000VAh/Kg, but this kind of metal electrode one-shot battery is generally with the defect that internal resistance is big, though its specific energy is high But large current discharging capability is the strongest, although its following application prospect is had an optimistic view of by industry, but present stage still difficult satisfied electricity The motor-car electric device demand to discharge performance, more sane technical scheme is to use as auxiliary electric energy.

Electric motor car of the present invention, preferably in the technical foundation of configuration secondary cell, increases and arranges electric energy supplementary device 18 and logic charging device 17, the usage of trade is referred to as increasing journey system；The major function of described logic charging device is The real-time status of monitoring secondary battery 8b, and be secondary battery electric energy supplement under the work-based logic set, as Shown in Fig. 9 a；The real-time status of described secondary battery at least includes real-time voltage or remaining capacity, and such as certain is electronic The nominal operating voltage of the lead battery of car is 48V, and its normal working voltage interval is 42.0V to 53.2V, when When setting the supplementary electric threshold voltage of lead battery as 47V, as long as logic charging device monitors the real-time of set of cells Voltage drops to 47V, and i.e. starting electric energy supplementary device is that secondary battery supplements electricity.Described logic charging monitoring The function controlled with DC charging, it is also possible to partly or entirely migrate to power supply modulator and realize, shown in Fig. 9 b be One is by power supply modulator monitoring secondary battery real-time voltage and controls recharge logic, DC charging function by logic The base structure schematic diagram that charging device completes.The electric energy supplementary device of described increasing journey system, can be that material is any One-shot battery and DC charging control device and combine, for example with aluminium-air cell.

Electric energy supplementary device can also combine for fuel tank, internal combustion engine, electromotor and fairing, such dress Putting combination and be relative maturity technology, described fuel includes but not limited to methanol, ethanol, gasoline, diesel oil, sky Combustion gas, gaseous state or liquified hydrogen etc.；Known in the industry, an important feature of internal combustion engine is the shape when low speed or speed change State burning is insufficient, but operating mode is the most more satisfactory, due to this under constant speed invariable power state especially at a high speed The increasing journey systemic-function of bright electric motor car is only for secondary battery electric energy supplement, and internal combustion engine may be provided at invariable power operating mode, Even if the energy source of electric energy supplementary device is to use automotive fuel, burning and exhausting is the lowest.

Two class electric energy supplementary devices of described increasing journey system, can be combined in electric motor car design and use.

Preference described in this specification is only to be recommended, and some technical schemes can partly use, it is possible to adds or combines And use other mature technologies.As long as the magnetic current energy feature according to electric device, can by designing power supply modulator The sequential electric current accurately controlled, can realize the basic fundamental target of the present invention program.

The professional person relatively understood electric motor car and motor technology in depth, is not difficult in scheme of the present invention On the basis of, ground deformation implementation present invention of drawing inferences about other cases from one instance.Such as on the basis of the existing pulse direct-current motor in market, The present invention is partly implemented in change and the conversion of controller current sequence by sensing mode.Of the present invention electronic The base structure of device, the electric current sequential control method of power supply modulator, electric energy additional project and derivative technology thereof Deformation implementation, all should be put into protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiment 1,

A kind of electric device and containing the two wheeler of this device, the partial structurtes of supporting vehicle frame 4 as illustrated in figure 1 c, car Wheel Zhou Changwei 1000mm, set of cells 8b selects 24V12Ah ferric phosphate lithium cell to be arranged on frame interior.Electronic One Crossed Circle titanium-aluminium alloy wheel hub 15 with rotary shaft, Zhou Changwei 100mm of employing of turning of device, configuration The disk of the coaxial 7 suit fixing axle of one band in trailing wheel, wheel hub, the fixing axle of this disk outside mechanical parameter ginseng According to the design data of supporting two wheeler, and it is used for replacing the fixing wheel shaft of conventional two wheeler and installing, disk is pacified Fill a stator unit 3a；It is the rotor unit of neodymium iron boron that wheel hub inner edge arranges 8 materials.

Rotor unit is processed into the box-like junior unit of the band arc of a length of 2mm, width and thickness is not affecting installation In the case of take maximum, 8 rotor units interval is average to be arranged, the rotations that its S the most all moves ahead towards wheel 5 Turn direction；Stator unit 3a selects channel magnet around core, and winding is by the copper cash cincture of a diameter 0.50mm Spill magnetic core 40 circle forms, Installation features: stator unit is arranged on disk the portion near rotating inner edge 5mm Position, captive screw fixes, and spill is turned circular arc around the arc correspondence of core and installed, top just to rotating inner edge (as Shown in Fig. 3 c), turn 35 degree of mechanical angles of occupy-place around core two ends correspondence.

Setting electric device and join the car i.e. 5.6m/s of maximum speed per hour 20km/h (5.6 turns/s), meter is picked up the car, and wheel is corresponding to be revolved Turning cycle time is 180ms；Because of one swing circle of stator unit correspondence wheel and 8 rotor unit generation electromagnetism Effect, (the T that electric device is powered by power supply modulator₁+T₂+T₀) timing cycles minima T is 180ms/8 I.e. 22.5ms；Power supply modulator 1 maximum overload capacity 500W, sets power supply timing T₁: (T₂+T₀) it is 1: 7；The current intensity recording the max speed when rated voltage 24V is 11A, this current intensity be one according to car load Weight, driving personnel are fixing heavily combines electric device design the value through test inhabitant area.The power supply of power supply modulator is defeated Enter to hold the both positive and negative polarity of 1a electrical connection set of cells 8, the coil of Timing driver current output terminal 1b electrical connection stator unit Winding, transducing signal input 1c electrically connects sensing unit 3c, and the electrical connection of driving signal input 1d drives manipulation Device 9a, the energising direction of the internal winding of stator unit, it is set to around core N extremely against wheel 5 direction of rotation.Sensing Unit 3c selects conventional magnetoelectric induction winding, is connected in the position near rotating inner edge.

Actuation means 9a is driven to be set to the electric current of foot chain wheel 16 swing circles/FREQUENCY CONTROL power supply modulator output Intensity thus reach control electric device rotating speed mode；In the outer rim near foot chain wheel, one piece of permanent magnet is installed, This permanent magnet rotates with foot chain wheel, arranges a magnetoelectricity at vehicle frame 4 and this permanent magnet cycle position that is relatively fixed Induction installation, is made power supply modulator sentence known bicyclist by the electric impulse signal of magnetoelectric induction device periodically acquisition Required speed；By the logical design to power supply modulator, foot chain wheel is made often to rotate a circle the rotation of corresponding wheel Turn two weeks, i.e. foot chain wheel rotates the fastest, and the current intensity of power supply modulator output is the biggest, and speed is the fastest.Electronic The control unit of the power on/off manipulations such as the conventional use of illuminating lamp of two wheeler, turning/stop, tail and number plate light, sound ring, all adopts Supporting with commercial products.

Power supply modulator uses pulse digit technology to realize, and its nucleus module includes conventional CPU and a design power The driving module of 500W, its work-based logic as shown in Figure 5 b, pulse frequency 50KHz, wherein nurse one's health by impulse transfer If main circuit completes to be converted to pulse signal step signal, pulse signal generator mainly produces required arteries and veins Rush signal, secondly through peaker output spike pulse, be then passed through amplitude limiter circuit and the negative half period of spike is filtered Remove, remaining positive axis spike, be integrated adding up with the integrating circuit of integrated transporting discharging composition, add voltage ratio Relatively device and control circuit constitute complete step pulse signal, and each element of circuit is carried out parameter adjustment, from And it is met the step signal of work-based logic requirement.

The work-based logic that power supply modulator sets as: with stator unit 3a and rotor unit 3b periodically trapping gap 3d Relatively, the state that is in same normal 10 (θ is 0) be designated as benchmark coordinate and fiducial time, when manpower assistant or Drive actuation means 9a to provide driving signal and sensing unit 3c perception rotor unit 3b around axle forward to θ is Moment of 90 degree of positions (respective rotor unit enter spill in the range of core two ends relative to initial time, fine values It is as the criterion with experiment), power supply modulator starts output T₁Electric current is 8A, T₁With (T₂+T₀) ratio be 1:7 logical, Power-off sequential；When rotor unit is every time around axle to reference seat timestamp, power supply modulator carries out a time and returns 0 calibration And record this cycle time, by comparing cycle time around to reference seat target last time with rotor unit, know this The instantaneous value of secondary cycle time, and according to real-time status, further work logic is judged: if driving manipulation Device 9a no signal input instruction (not stepping on row foot chain wheel 16), power supply modulator dormancy；If driving manipulation dress Putting the signal instruction provided is to accelerate (stepping on row foot chain wheel 16), then power supply modulator in next cycle correspondence θ is In the moment of 90 degree of positions, continue executing with T₁With (T₂+T₀) ratio is the switching electricity sequential of 1:7, it is energized in real time Intensity steps on row rotary speed by driving actuation means to provide by foot chain wheel；If driving actuation means to maintain Power supply modulator output electric current is close to the state of 11A, and the logic state of above-mentioned setting will make the sequential of power supply modulator Energising frequency is more and more higher, the stator unit 3a electromagnetic force to rotor unit 3b in corresponding wheel each cycle Number is more and more, and speed is more and more faster；When sequential energising frequency, higher than set 1/2.25ms, (correspondence is turned 56 turns/s of speed) or time the power supply modulator output continuous 4s of electric current maintains the state of 11A, power supply modulator is without bar Part power-off and reach the design object of automatic speed-limiting.

Electric device described in the present embodiment can be arranged on two wheeler and the front-wheel of tricycle and single block accordingly； Each wheel can be installed by a set of electric device, it is possible to a corresponding wheel is installed and overlapped electric device more.

Electric device described in the present embodiment contains motor body and the electric machine system of narrow sense, identical with following example.

Embodiment 2,

Wheel hub 15 inner edge described in embodiment 1 is arranged the material of 8 rotor units, be transformed to 4 neodymium iron borons, 4 Individual conventional magnetic conductor, neodymium iron boron rotor unit and the most alternate average setting of magnetic conductor rotor unit.

Pulse digit technical scheme and embodiment 1 that power supply modulator uses are similar, and work-based logic is adjusted to: when right When stator unit winding starts energising, in 4s on the basis of 6A, corresponding wheel swing circle is in every next week Phase strengthens the electric current sequential of 10% output intensity automatically, from the further work of the actuation means to be driven such as 5s is initial Instruction: if driving actuation means 9a without input instruction, power supply modulator 1 dormancy；If driving actuation means to give The instruction gone out is to accelerate, then power supply modulator is when next cycle starts energising, performs T₁With (T₂+T₀) Ratio is the electric current sequential of 1:7, and the mean intensity of energising is by driving actuation means 9a to provide in real time.

Described neodymium iron boron rotor unit and the scheme of the most alternate setting of magnetic conductor rotor unit, can also change to institute State neodymium iron boron rotor unit and the most alternate setting of magnetic conductor rotor unit.Week is obtained mentioned by magnetoelectric induction device The technical scheme target of phase property electric impulse signal, it is also possible to use photosensitive control technology instead and carry out system realization.

Embodiment 3,

The wheel hub 15 of electric device described in embodiment 1 changed to one there is rotary shaft, Zhou Changwei 100mm Single annular titanium-aluminium alloy cast formula turn 6, the disk of the interior coaxial 7 suit fixing axle of one band of turning, this disk The outside mechanical parameter of fixing axle is referring again to the design data of supporting two wheeler, and is used for replacing consolidating of conventional two wheeler Fixed wheel axle and install, on disk install a stator unit 3a；Outside of turning is provided with one by some gear trains Deceleration/the torque changing apparatus 2 closed, itself and concentric installation of turning, speed reducing ratio is 10:1；Deceleration/torque changing apparatus Outside be provided with some mechanical holes, the perforation of one end of some spokes is fixing, and the other end is connected in wheel hub (wheel rim) Edge, makes electric device realize the transmission to wheel 5, as shown in Figure 1 d.

Electric device joins the car i.e. 5.6m/s of maximum speed per hour 20km/h (5.6 turns/s), and meter is picked up the car and taken turns corresponding revolution Time phase is 180ms；6 speed limits passing through deceleration/torque changing apparatus 2 correspondence of turning of electric device are 56 turns/s, (the T that electric device is powered by corresponding spin cycle time 18ms, i.e. power supply modulator₁+T₂+T₀) sequential week Phase minima T is 18ms, (the T that power supply modulator is powered₁+T₂+T₀) timing cycles minima T is 18/8 i.e. 2.25ms, sets sequential T₁: (T₂+T₀) it being all 1:7, remaining is similar with embodiment 1.

Embodiment 4,

The electric device of embodiment 1 is set up electromagnetic force braking function.

The electro-magnetic braking device 9b of electric motor car is ten grades of rheostats, and it is defeated that power supply modulator increases brake signal accordingly Enter to hold 1e to electrically connect electro-magnetic braking device；When Artificial Control electro-magnetic braking device sends brake signal, power modulation Device cuts off T₁The electric current of corresponding sequential, starts T₂Time domain is powered, and power supply time domain is set as that sensing unit 3c perception turns Subelement 3b around axle to θ from the time period that 30 degree to θ is 0 position.

The stalling current that power supply modulator is exported, ten grades of resistance shelves of corresponding electro-magnetic braking device 9b are set to ten grades strong Degree, sets export current intensity as: chopped-off head 5A, final stage 16A, ten grades of electric currents are averagely arranged.

Embodiment 5,

The brake logic of embodiment 4 electric device is optimized for further: power supply modulator starts T₂Time domain energising Meanwhile, by T₀The work-based logic of part time domain synchronizes to be transformed to energising, this T₀The numerical value of part time domain and (T₁+T₂) Equal, T₀Energising Startup time is 0 beginning timing with θ；Power supply modulator is at this T₀The electricity that part time domain is exported Intensity of flow and T₂Time domain is identical.

The braking energising of stator unit winding is added the present embodiment rotor unit and stator unit is in away from state Time domain, strengthen electromagnetic force braking effect, this braking energising time domain can also corresponding cycle sequential T briefly set For: at (T₁+T₂+T₀) in sequential, initial 1/3 time domain power-off, afterwards 2/3 time domain energising.

The present embodiment can install increasing journey system, with methanol generator system for electric energy supplementary device 18, generating further additional Machine system is combined by methanol fuel tank, methanol internal combustion engine, electromotor and fairing；Increase the logic of journey system Charging device 17 is main by set of cells real-time voltage monitoring modular, constant voltage current limit charging module and work-based logic The functional modules such as control module are formed, and work-based logic is: when the real-time voltage monitoring set of cells drops to 23V Time, automatically starting methanol generator system is ferric phosphate lithium cell group 8b electric energy supplement, and its charging working method is permanent Determine voltage 28.2V and limit maximum current 4A, be automatically stopped charging when charging current is less than 0.5A.

Embodiment 6,

On the basis of embodiment 1, often the stator unit 3a in set electromechanical device sets up is two, and alloy turns Body is fitted together to the PM rotor unit 3b of 8 average settings in interval, 8 rotors with integrated forming technique in inside The S of unit is extremely all just to the axle turned.Two stator units change cylinder into around core, umber of turn is all 60 Circle is cylindrical vertical, as shown in Figure 3 a with corresponding normal 10 of turning around core two ends during installation；Two stator lists Unit is arranged on the center of 6 internal plane normal of turning, near the fixed position of rotating inner edge 5mm, technology require with The mechanical spacing that direction of rotation adjoins rotor unit 3b is identical, and the winding of two stator units is electrically connected in series, and is turning Common 8 rotor unit generation electromagnetic forces equally distributed with it in body swing circle.

In the present embodiment, driving power supply time domain to be defined as θ from 90 degree to θ is 30 degree of corresponding time periods, braking It was 0 corresponding time period that power supply time domain is defined as θ from 30 degree to θ.The mechanical layout of two stator units, it is possible to To change into installing at internal monosymmetric fixed position of turning, winding is electrically connected in series and electromagnetic pole direction is identical.

Embodiment 7,

Design a kind of universal electric device, electric device turn 6 by decelerations/torque changing apparatus 2 and wheel Wheel hub inner edge is connected；Arrange 12 stator unit 3a being connected with fixing axle in inside of turning, stator unit is around core For cylinder, umber of turn 55 encloses, cylindrical around core two ends line 12 and corresponding normal 10 of turning during installation Overlap, as shown in Figure 3 b, and be uniformly distributed at the ring part bit interval near rotating inner edge 5mm；Titanium aluminum closes Gold is turned and 6 is fitted together to 12 average PM rotor unit 3b arranged in interval in inside with integrated forming technique, As shown in Figure 8 b, the N of 12 rotor units is extremely all just to the axle 7 turned.

The winding of 12 stator units is electrically connected in series, and draws tap, externally in the middle of the winding of every 4 stator units Form 3 lines and form electric external loop (being similar to the Δ shape connection of the internal winding of conventional motors), in rotation of turning 12 rotor unit generation electromagnetic forces equally distributed with it in cycle；The electric connection mode pair of power supply modulator Three wire circuit should be designed as, its time sequential pulse electric current mean allocation in each loop that three lines are constituted exported accordingly； Power supply modulator is set to reverse body direction of rotation around core S pole to the energising direction of stator unit winding；The present embodiment Can further with the external biphase feedback of stator unit 3a winding to compare differetial-potential two-by-two poor, as stator list The signal source that unit differentiates with rotor unit interior location, substitutes the sensing unit being independently arranged.

Deceleration/torque changing apparatus 2 can design speed reducing ratio according to different purposes, the driving of electric device, control for brake Mode and stator former unit be arranged at turn inside method similar, drive power supply time domain be defined as θ from 90 degree to 70 degree of corresponding time periods, braking power supply time domain is defined as θ from 20 degree to 0 degree of corresponding time periods.

The present embodiment magnetoelectric induction device 9a obtains the technical scheme of periodically electric impulse signal by foot chain wheel, adopts Control technology with Hall known in the industry and carry out system realization.

Embodiment 8,

Electric device described in embodiment 7 is arranged on two trailing wheels of electro-tricycle, and foot chain wheel is solid with front-wheel Gear link on dead axle, set of cells selects 48V100Ah plumbic acid colloid battery 8b.

Tricycle described in the present embodiment installs increasing journey system additional, and as shown in Figure 10, electric energy supplementary device 18 is selected 48V1000Ah aluminum air one-shot battery system；The working method of electric energy supplementary device is set to when tricycle starts same Step work, and in electric device runs, set of cells floating charging, logic charging device 17 are designed as constant voltage 54V, the working method of restriction maximum charging current 20A；The present embodiment exists when turning driving because of two trailing wheels Differential, arranges speed limit differential program built-in to power supply modulator, makes turning driving more stable.

Embodiment 9,

Tricycle described in embodiment 8 is changed into double increasing journey system.Described double journey system that increases is on the basis of embodiment 8 Increase a set of internal-combustion engine generator system (including fuel tank, internal combustion engine, electromotor and fairing and control system thereof)； The functional module of the logic charging device 17 of double increasing journey systems includes charging module and control module, and charging module is arranged There is two-way input, be electrically connected the electric energy output end of aluminum air battery system and the electric energy of internal-combustion engine generator system Outfan；The both positive and negative polarity of the charging module outfan electrical connection plumbic acid colloid battery of logic charging device 17, its work Start and realized logic control by the control module of logic charging device by electric connection of power supply manipulator 1.

Logic charging device is by the programming Control of power supply modulator 1, it is achieved to the real-time voltage of plumbic acid colloid battery/ The monitoring of remaining capacity and charging control function；When double increasing journey systems are plumbic acid colloid battery electric energy supplement, preferentially open By internal-combustion engine generator system, continue to enable aluminum air battery system when internal-combustion engine generator system can not work.Internal combustion The fuel that generator system uses is any.

Embodiment 10,

In embodiment 1 spill around core top just in the design basis of the inner edge turned, spill is inverse around the top of core 5 degree of angles of direction of rotation of turning deflection, 5 degree of angles of rotor unit 3b clockwise body direction of rotation deflection, remaining and embodiment 1 is similar.The present embodiment, because forming the deflection angle of electromagnetic field after stator unit 3a internal winding energising, more meets rotor Unit is around the most attracting dynamic model of axle and stator unit, and effect is better than embodiment 1.

Additionally the stator unit of embodiment 1 can be changed into two-wire wounded core, one of them loop is straight by one The copper cash of footpath 0.50mm forms around spill magnetic core 40 circle, powers for power, electric connection of power supply manipulator 1； Another loop is formed around spill magnetic core 18 circle by the copper cash of a diameter 0.20mm, is independently arranged as replacement Sensing unit 3c, as rotor unit 3b with turning the differentiation signal source of position of rotation.

Embodiment 11,

The electric device that a kind of quasi-single-wheel structure electric is automobile-used, electric device internal structure is similar with embodiment 6；Institute Stating quasi-single-wheel structure is two wheel hubs of coaxial compact installation, the motor body part of electric device be located at two wheel hubs it Between axle on；Turning and 6 outside arrange two deceleration/torque changing apparatus 2 being coaxial therewith, speed reducing ratio is 12:1；Each The outside of deceleration/torque changing apparatus is provided with the business of some power transmission muscle, and its one end is by machinery and deceleration/torque changing apparatus 2 Outside be connected, the other end is connected the wheel rim of wheel, makes electric device realize the machine driving of alignment single-wheel.

In the present embodiment, power supply time domain is driven to be defined as θ from 90 degree to 65 degree of corresponding time periods, braking power supply Time domain is defined as θ and is set to remote control from 25 degree to 0 degree of corresponding time periods, driving actuation means 9a.

Structure described in the present embodiment can be taken turns above electric motor car at one and be implemented, and makes electric running effect more stable.

Embodiment 12,

A kind of rotor unit is arranged on the electric bicycle on the wheel rim of wheel 5.

This car is front and back two wheel construction, selects lightweight vehicle frame 4 as shown in Figure 1 b, selects Zhou Changwei 1000mm Wheel 5, electric device is designed as 8 rotor unit 3b and the combination of a stator unit 3a, after being arranged on Wheel, set of cells 8 selects 18V12Ah zinc-nickel cell.

Rotor unit selects high-quality permanent-magnet steel, is processed into the cell type junior unit of length 25mm, and width is not affecting wheel Take maximum in the case of circle outer rubber wheel, snugly fit into the outer rim of the wheel rim that Ti-Al alloy material is made；Stator Unit selects channel magnet around core, is processed into the circular arc corresponding with wheel rim around core bottom, and coil windings is by one The copper cash of diameter 0.50mm forms around spill magnetic core 38 circle, Installation features: by captive screw by stator unit Be connected in vehicle frame 4 position near wheel rim inner edge, spill around core top just to the wheel rim inner edge of wheel 5 (such as Fig. 3 c Shown in), and the interval of wheel rim inner edge formation 8mm, two ends correspondence coaxial wheels encloses angle, 35 degree, position.

The maximum speed per hour 20km/h i.e. 5.6m/s that the present embodiment sets, meter takes speed limit corresponding wheel 5 swing circle Time is 180ms, i.e. (T₁+T₂+T₀) timing cycles minima is 180ms, because of stator unit correspondence wheel One swing circle and 8 rotor unit generation electromagnetic actions, (T that electric device is powered by power supply modulator₁+T₂+ T₀) timing cycles minima T is 180ms/8 i.e. 22.5ms；Power supply modulator 1 uses pulse digit technology real Existing, maximum overload capacity 500W, set sequential T₁: (T₂+T₀) it is 1:8；During power supply modulator correspondence maximum The current intensity of speed output is 9A when rated voltage 24V.

Drive the set-up mode of actuation means 9a and control logical AND with the electrically connected method of power supply modulator with driving Embodiment 1 is similar, and sensing unit 3c is arranged on the vehicle frame 4 of front-wheel by the present embodiment, in the front-wheel cycle in the face of passing The annular region any part of sense unit, arranges one piece of permanent magnet specially, makes the sensing winding of sensing unit with car Wheel rotates and periodically obtains transducing signal.

Above example is only in order to illustrate technical scheme and unrestricted, although with reference to embodiment to the present invention It is described in detail, it will be understood by those within the art that, technical scheme has been modified Or equivalent, without departure from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should contain the power in the present invention In the middle of profit claimed range.

Claims (14)

1. the foot-operated electric device controlled, it is characterised in that described electric device include power supply modulator (1), Drive actuation means (9a), stator unit (3a), rotor unit (3b), turn (6) and foot chain wheel (16)； Described turning is an annular machinery circle with rotary shaft, and on it, interval arranges at least 2 rotor units (3b)； The material of described rotor unit includes permanent magnet or magnetic conductor, or both combine setting；When turn (6) are upper containing many During individual PM rotor unit (3b1), PM rotor cell rings is identical around the pole orientation arranged of turning；Described Stator unit (3a) at least provided with one near the fixed position turned, its periodicity formed with rotor unit Air gap (3d) relatively is not more than 60mm；Described driving actuation means (9a) is arranged on and foot chain wheel (16) The fixed position that cycle is corresponding, or manufacture with foot chain wheel integrated design；

Described power supply modulator (1) includes power input (1a), sequential current output terminal (1b) and drives letter Number input (1d), the both positive and negative polarity of power input electrical connection set of cells (8), sequential current output terminal electrically connects The inside winding of stator unit, driving signal input electrical connection drives actuation means (9a)；Described power supply modulator The electromagnetic pole direction that winding power internal to stator unit (3a) makes stator unit be formed, is set to and described permanent magnetism Body rotor unit (3b1) motion magnetic pole in opposite directions is contrary；Described driving actuation means passes through user to foot chain wheel (16) Swing circle/frequency acquisition instruct and make power supply modulator corresponding output timing electric current, or integrated drive generator manipulator is defeated Go out other control modes of electric current, it is achieved the driving of electric device.

Electric device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in turn (6) include wheel (5) Wheel rim, wheel hub (15) and be respectively fixedly connected with wheel rim/wheel hub inner edge and vehicle wheel rotation by mechanical component coaxial (7) The annular machinery circle of axle.

Electric device the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described mechanical component includes some teeth Deceleration/the torque changing apparatus (2) of wheel combination；The drive input of deceleration/torque changing apparatus and (6) mechanical attachment of turning, Its transmission output and wheel rim, the inner edge mechanical attachment of wheel hub；Deceleration/torque changing apparatus is independently arranged, or with turn or Wheel hub integrated setting.

Electric device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described stator unit (3a) is by least One group of good conductor loop forms around the magnetic core of magnetic media material, between its several winding of obtaining of combination by series connection or It is connected in parallel, or forms multi-thread external loop by drawing centre tap between different windings.

Electric device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described electric device also includes sensing dress Putting, described sensing device includes that some energy sense described rotor unit (3b) and stator unit (3a) relative position Sensing unit (3c)；Described sensing unit electrically connects with the transducing signal input (1c) of described power supply modulator； Described electric device at least interiorly or exteriorly arranges a sensing unit turn.

Electric device the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described sensing device also includes stator list The inside winding of unit (3a), described internal winding includes around the winding of stator unit magnetic core and by some stators The multi-thread external loop being in series between unit winding.

Electric device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described electric device also includes electromagnetic system Dynamic device (9b), described power supply modulator (1) also includes brake signal input (1e), described in its electrical connection Electro-magnetic braking device；Described power supply modulator obtains the braking instruction of user by electro-magnetic braking device and exports accordingly Sequential electric current, makes electric device realize braking.

8. an electric motor car, it is characterised in that its at least provided with a set of containing such as any one of claim 1～7 institute The electric device stated, described electric motor car includes vehicle frame (4), set of cells (8) and at least one wheel (5)；Described Set of cells includes disposable one-shot battery (8a) or can be repeated several times the secondary cell (8b) that charging uses, Or both combine setting.

Electric motor car the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described electric motor car configuration secondary battery (8b) Time install electric energy supplementary device (18) additional, described electric energy supplementary device include the arbitrary one-shot battery of material (8a) with control Device processed combines, or is that internal combustion engine generator combines with system control device, or both combine setting；Electric energy supplements dress Put and electrically connect secondary battery by logic charging device (17).

10. driving method based on the arbitrary electric device of claim 1～7, the method is passed through institute by power supply modulator The position relationship output timing electric current stating rotor unit (3a) and stator unit (3b) controls electric device rotation；

Described sequential defines according to turning direction of rotation, and described sequential electric current is being turned according to stator unit electromagnetic field On useful effect interval combine turn on rotor unit number and several make and break periods T is set, each break-make week Phase includes power time domain and power-off time domain；Described power supply time domain is positioned at 30 degree≤θ≤90 degree corresponding time period, institute State the dynamic angle that θ is formed around the direction of electromagnetic force suffered by axle Yu its normal component of force by rotor unit；Described power-off In time domain, power supply modulator (1) does not export electric current.

11. methods according to claim 10, it is characterised in that electric current initial in described energising time domain, The magnetic flux density of voltage or stator unit (3a) is obtained rotating speed instantaneous value of turning and combines driving manipulation dress by sensing device Put instruction that (9a) provide and adjust.

12. methods according to claim 10, it is characterised in that described method also includes aligning step；Institute State aligning step be using state that relative for coaxial normal at rotor unit and stator unit, θ are 0 as benchmark coordinate and Fiducial time, when each forward of rotor unit to reference seat timestamp, power supply modulator (1) carries out a time and returns 0 Calibrate and record this cycle time, by comparing cycle time to reference seat target with rotor unit forward last time, Thus know the spin cycle time turned, and control to export electric current.

13. braking methods based on the arbitrary electric device of claim 1～7, the method is at described rotor unit convergence Stator unit, rotor unit normal coaxial with at stator unit be relative and rotor unit and stator unit be in away from In at least one time domain of state, output timing electric current controls electric device braking；

Described rotor unit convergence stator unit is the 0≤θ≤30 degree corresponding time periods, described θ be rotor unit around The dynamic angle that the direction of electromagnetic force suffered by axle and its normal component of force is formed.

14. increasing Cheng Fangfa based on electric motor car described in claim 8 or 9, the method needs in electric device runs Secondary battery to be (8b) continues electric energy supplement, or when real-time voltage or the remaining capacity value of secondary battery are low When set threshold values, enabling electric energy supplementary device (18) is secondary battery electric energy supplement.