CN105811691A - Electric vehicle wheel hub system and driving, braking and electric energy compensation method for the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric vehicle wheel hub system, comprising an electric wheel hub device, a battery group and a range increasing system; the electric hub device comprises a power supply modulator, a deceleration/bending moment device, a wheel hub, a driving operation device and at least one set electric device; the electric device comprises a coaxial rotor, at least one stator unit and a plurality of rotor units; the coaxial rotor is an annular mechanical ring having a rotation axis; the rotor unit comprises at least one permanent magnet rotor unit and at least one magnetizer rotor unit, which is arranged on the coaxial rotor; the stator unit is installed in the coaxial rotor and the air gas between the stator unit and the coaxial rotor is not greater than 40mm; the coaxial rotor is coaxially arranged with the wheel hub; the electric device and the deceleration/bending moment device are arranged inside the wheel hub; the power supply modulator obtains a user order and outputs time sequence current through driving the control device/electromagnetic braking device and realizes the driving /braking of the electric hub device; and the range increasing system compensates the electric energy to the battery group.

Description

The hub system of a kind of electric motor car and driving, braking and electric power replenishing method

Technical field

The present invention relates to the mains power design field of electric bicycle, particularly to the increasing journey method for designing of the driving of electric device, braking method and supporting electric motor car thereof that a kind of sequential electric current controls.

Background technology

The domestic electric bicycle market mainstream is adapted Electric Motor Wheel, and this kind of Electric Motor Wheel is really the motor being arranged on axle by tradition and deforms in wheel hub, rotor extending design for torque is transferred to rim by machinery.Strict, narrow sense wheel hub refers to the parts such as the flange, the bearing block that are connected with power transmission shaft, and the more wheel rim that refers to of current domestic user, the wheel hub described in this specification contains wheel hub and wheel rim two parts of narrow sense.

Wheel hub motor technology is also known as wheel inner electric machine technology, and power, transmission and brake unit are all incorporated in wheel hub by its maximum feature exactly, and it is not new things, and as far back as 1900, first Porsche was just manufactured that the electric automobile of front-wheel equipment wheel hub motor.The Electric Motor Wheel that current electric automobile market main flow uses, its structure is except hub body, critical piece generally comprises wheel hub motor, brake disc, brake callipers, Active Suspensions motor, suspension, damping spring etc., weight is far beyond traditional hub body design, only weighing with one index of power density of unit volume, existing utilization conventional art manufactures and designs wheel hub electric motor and also has longer road to walk.

It is ripe that current electric motor car market generally believes that motor technology has evolved into, and the motor for electric motor car design specialized is very little, and competition is concentrated mainly on the control of material and human cost.The permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine of fast development in recent years, mainly it is made up of motor body, position detector and power inverter controller, general structure is that permanent magnet is arranged on rotor, the arrangement of magnetic pole N/S interleaved, some windings are arranged on stator, position detector constitutes electronic commutator together with inverter controller and replaces mechanical contact reversing arrangement, and winding energising forms rotating excitation field and makes rotor rotate；The degree of approximation that the obvious problem of this conventional design is deformed sine wave controls, the employing PWQ technology modulation although its power is powered, but is still limited by the traditional design of motor interior rotating excitation field in control thought method.

Mileages of continuation is short is the weakness of present stage electric motor car, industry generally believes before high energy battery enters commercialization, mileages of continuation by increasing number of batteries lifting electric motor car is unrealistic, therefore automobile market main flow is to develop double source hybrid vehicle oily, electric at present, its design philosophy is: use the power of motor when vehicle starting or low speed, automobile is transformed to the power using internal combustion engine when reaching certain speed threshold, thus reduce automobile starting or during low speed because of exhaust pollution that fuel oil not exclusively causes at combustion in IC engine；Its technical foundation architectural feature is: fuel tank 19 provides fuel output power to internal combustion engine system 20；The parallel electric motor system 21 increasing a set of electrical connection set of cells 8 on this traditional design basis, motor is provided electric energy output power by set of cells；Two-way power shares machine driven system 23 by oil, electric power conversion device 22, is delivered on wheel hub by the power of internal combustion engine or motor, and the design of this kind of double-source dynamic can be referred to as oil, electric power parallel system, and its base structure is illustrated as shown in Figure 1.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention, it is in that to overcome the defect of existing electric motor car institute adapted wheel hub electric motor, a kind of structure is provided to be different from traditional design, the electric hub device controlled by sequential electric current, a kind of range-extending technique scheme based on electric motor car electric energy supplement under steam is provided simultaneously, simple in construction, torque is big, and technique easily realizes.

The hub system of a kind of electric motor car provided by the invention, described hub system includes electric hub device 13, set of cells 8 and increases journey system 16；Described electric hub device includes power supply modulator 1, deceleration/torque changing apparatus 2, wheel hub 6, drives actuation means 9a and electric device 3；Described power supply modulator includes power input 1a, sequential current output terminal 1b and driving signal input 1d, the both positive and negative polarity of described power input electrical connection set of cells 8；Described electric device includes coaxially turn 3e, at least one stator unit 3a and some rotor unit 3b；Described coaxially turning is an annular machinery circle with rotation axle；Described rotor unit includes at least one PM rotor unit 3b1 and at least one magnetic conductor rotor unit 3b2, it is alternate be arranged at and coaxially turn on, and with rotation of coaxially turning；Described stator unit is arranged close to the fixed position of coaxial rotating inner edge, and stator unit is not more than 40mm with the relative air gap 3d formed that coaxially turns；Described coaxially turning and wheel hub is coaxially disposed, electric device and deceleration/torque changing apparatus are arranged in wheel hub, at least provided with a set of electric device in wheel hub；Described set of cells 8 is the repeatable secondary cell used that repeatedly charges；

The inside winding of the sequential current output terminal electrical connection stator unit of described power supply modulator, driving signal input electrical connection drives actuation means；Described power supply modulator is by driving actuation means to obtain the driving instruction of user, and in the corresponding time sequence inside winding output current to stator unit, makes electric device, by deceleration/torque changing apparatus, wheel hub be realized driving/braking.

The stator unit 3a/ rotor unit 3b of described electric device 3 can replace design each other at the position that confronting coaxial is turned, and coordinates relevant apparatus design also can obtain motorized effect.

Preferably, the rated power of electric hub device of the present invention is less than 25KW.

Preferably, the hub interior of described electric hub device is at least provided with a set of electric device.

Described rotor unit 3b (to include PM rotor unit 3b1 and magnetic conductor rotor unit 3b2) alternate be arranged at coaxially turn on include being entrenched in its outer rim, inner edge or internal and with implementation integrated design manufacture of coaxially turning；Rotor unit is installed under the premise coaxially turned and does not limit shape not affecting；Several rotor units alternate setting when coaxially turning installation, it is preferable that uniformly arrange.

Preferably, described PM rotor unit 3b1 several on the 3e that coaxially turns homopolarity to setting, overlap with 6 coaxial normals 10 of turning/vertical 4 kinds of typical combination states including N/S the two poles of the earth line, and N/S the two poles of the earth line deflects less than 15 degree of angles on 4 kinds of typical combination state bases.

Preferably, the deceleration/torque changing apparatus 2 of described electric hub device 13 forms for some gear combination, its drive input with coaxially turn 3e mechanical attachment, its transmission output and wheel hub 6 mechanical attachment；Deceleration/torque changing apparatus can be independently arranged, or with coaxially turn or wheel hub integrated setting.

Preferably, described deceleration/torque changing apparatus 2 is arranged at coaxially turns between 3e and wheel hub 6, and with coaxially turn and wheel hub is coaxially disposed.

Preferably, described stator unit 3a is formed around the magnetic core of magnetic media material by the good conductor loop of least one set, and its Inside coil winding can arbitrarily connect by series, parallel, or forms multi-thread external loop by drawing centre tap between different windings；Externally the mode of electrical connection can be the loop of two lines or multi-thread composition；The arrangement state of the electromagnetic pole correspondence PM rotor unit 3b1 that stator unit energising is formed is set to the opposite polarity moved in opposite directions.

Described stator unit 3a arranges around core or several combinations, and it is preferred for obtaining maximum with its inside winding energising through the magnetic flux of air gap 3d.

Preferably, described electric device 3 also includes sensing device, and described sensing device includes some sensing unit 3c that can sense described rotor unit 3b and stator unit 3a relative position；Described sensing unit electrically connects with the transducing signal input 1c of described power supply modulator；Described electric hub device at least interiorly or exteriorly arranges a sensing unit what coaxially turn；

Preferably, described sensing device also includes the inside winding of stator unit, and described internal winding includes surrounding the multi-thread external loop being in series between winding and some stator unit windings of stator unit magnetic core.

Preferably, described electric hub device 13 also includes electro-magnetic braking device 9b, described power supply modulator 1 also includes brake signal input 1e, it electrically connects electro-magnetic braking device, obtains the brake instruction of user and in the corresponding time sequence winding output current to the stator unit of electric device by electro-magnetic braking device.

Described driving actuation means 9a may be configured as conventional rotating handles formula, plug-type stick or other any manual control modes, including outside be set to remote control.

In the present invention, DC source is converted to sequential electric current by described power supply modulator 1, make the stator unit in electric device be limited at power supply modulator set time domain periodic be energized and power-off.

The increasing journey system 16 of hub system of the present invention includes logic charging device 17 and electric energy supplementary device 18；The input 17a of described logic charging device electrically connects electric energy supplementary device, and its outfan 17b electrically connects the both positive and negative polarity of set of cells 8；Described increasing journey system in the logic working state set as set of cells electric energy supplement.

Preferably, the electric energy supplementary device 18 of described increasing journey system 16 combines with controlling device for the arbitrary one-shot battery of material, and described control device at least includes one-shot battery and starts device；

Preferably, the electric energy supplementary device 18 of described increasing journey system 16 combines with controlling system and device for internal combustion engine generator；Described internal combustion engine generator at least includes internal combustion engine and electromotor, and described control system and device at least includes fuel tank 19 and startor of internal combustion engine；The fuel of described internal combustion engine is any；

It is furthermore preferred that the electric energy supplementary device 18 of described increasing journey system 16 is formed with controlling device, internal combustion engine generator and system and device combination setting by one-shot battery.

The logic charging device 17 of described increasing journey system 16 at least includes charged with direct current device, can be independently arranged, or its part logic function or whole logic function is integrated in power supply modulator 1；The design of described logic charging device, what also can have one-shot battery concurrently controls device or/and the function of circuit control device of electromotor.

In the present invention, the described electric motor car containing any of the above-described hub system includes the electric motor car of one or more wheel and electronic, autocycle；The wheel of described electric motor car includes single-wheel and the quasi-single-wheel structure of coaxial two wheel hubs of compact installation.

The invention also discloses the electric hub device driving method of a kind of aforementioned hub system, the method position relationship according to described rotor unit 3a and described stator unit 3b, control coaxially to turn and hub rotation by power supply modulator output timing electric current；

Described sequential defines according to coaxially turning direction of rotation, described sequential electric current combines the rotor unit number on coaxially turning according to stator unit electromagnetic field useful effect interval on coaxially turning and arranges several make and break periods T, and each make and break period T includes power supply time domain and power-off time domain；Described power supply time domain is positioned atThe corresponding time period, described inFor the dynamic angle that rotor unit is formed with stator unit and the determined normal of axle around axle the normal determined with axle, described inFor rotor unit around axle tangential direction with its suffered by electromagnetic force direction overlap determinedValue；In described power-off time domain, power supply modulator 1 does not export electric current.

Preferably, the electric current of described power supply time domain not notch shape, frequency and dutycycle.

Preferably, described energising time domain T₁The magnetic flux density of interior initial electric current, voltage or stator unit is obtained rotating speed instantaneous value of coaxially turning and combines the driving actuation means 9a instruction provided and adjust by sensing device.

Preferably, described method also includes aligning step；Described aligning step be by stator unit and rotor unit periodically trapping gap is relative, be in same normal state (It is 0) as benchmark coordinate and fiducial time, when rotor unit goes to reference seat timestamp every time, power supply modulator carries out a time and returns 0 calibration and record this cycle time, compare cycle time by going to reference seat target with rotor unit last time, thus knowing and coaxially turning and the spin cycle time of wheel hub, and control output electric current.

The invention also discloses the electric hub device braking method of described hub system, the method according to described rotor unit convergence stator unit, rotor unit relative with the same normal in stator unit place (It is 0) and be in away from, at least one time domain of state, making power supply modulator 1 output timing electric current control coaxially to turn and wheel hub braking by manipulating electro-magnetic braking device 9b；

Described sequential defines according to rotation of wheel direction；Described rotor unit convergence stator unit isThe corresponding time period of state, described inFor the dynamic angle that rotor unit is formed with stator unit and the determined normal of axle around axle the normal determined with axle, described inFor rotor unit around axle tangential direction with its suffered by electromagnetic force direction overlap determinedValue.

Preferably, described method also includes aligning step, and described aligning step willIt is 0 as benchmark coordinate and fiducial time, knows rotor unit convergence/relatively/away from the location status of stator unit by sensing device.

Described power supply modulator to electric device drive energising and braking energising logical relation be set to or.

Preferably, described output electric current rate-determining steps includes:

1) when driving actuation means 9 to power supply modulator 1 without input instruction, power supply modulator dormancy；

2) when driving actuation means 9 to provide assisted instruction, power supply modulator 1 output timing electric current；

3) when electric device rotating speed or energising frequency reach the threshold value set, described power supply modulator power-off.

The invention also discloses the electric power replenishing method of the hub system of described electric motor car, the method needs to continue electric energy supplement for set of cells 8 in electric hub device 13 runs, or when the real-time voltage of set of cells or remaining capacity value are lower than set threshold values, enabling increasing journey system 16, making electric energy supplementary device 18 is set of cells charging electric energy supplement by logic charging device 17.

The present invention is directed to the feature of electric hub device and implant Technology of NC Programming, so as to be limited at setting time domain energising work, not only save electric energy but also decrease accumulated heat；Described electric hub device is applied to electric motor car can use one-shot battery or secondary cell, described one-shot battery includes the battery of all disposable electric discharges and various fuel cell, for instance zinc-air battery, aluminium-air cell and hydrogen converting electrical energy etc. can provide the device of disposable electric energy；Described secondary cell is rechargeable battery after including all electric discharges, for instance lithium battery, plumbous battery, metal hydrogen storage battery etc..In view of the energy storage density of current electric motor car market institute adapted secondary cell is relatively low, the present invention is directed to this state of the art and devise and be intended to the increasing journey system that electric energy supplements, effectively solve the known subject matter that full charge endurance of electromobile is short.

It is an advantage of the current invention that: electronic hub device has the obvious energy-saving effect that sequential power supply control brings, increase the subject matter that journey system can effectively overcome full charge endurance of electromobile short, the hub system simple in construction, the cost that are designed with this scheme are low, effectively adapt to the designing requirement of high-end energy-saving electric vehicle.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the oily electric power base structure schematic diagram of conventional double source hybrid vehicle.

Fig. 2 a is a kind of base structure schematic diagram of hub system of the present invention.

Fig. 2 b is a kind of base structure schematic diagram of electric hub device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 c is the another kind of base structure schematic diagram of hub system of the present invention.

Fig. 2 d is that PM rotor unit arranges schematic diagram at a kind of magnetic pole turned.

Fig. 2 e is that PM rotor unit arranges schematic diagram at the another kind of magnetic pole turned.

Fig. 2 f is that magnetic conductor rotor unit arranges schematic diagram in the one turned.

Fig. 3 a is that stator unit column type is set to the schematic diagram vertical with normal of coaxially turning around core.

Fig. 3 b is the schematic diagram that stator unit column type is set to around core overlap with normal of coaxially turning.

Fig. 3 c be stator unit matrix around core top just structural representation to coaxial rotating inner edge.

Fig. 4 a is base structure and the electromagnetic force Directional Decomposition schematic diagram of electric device in wheel hub.

Fig. 4 b is the view that rotor unit and stator unit are in coaxial normal.

Fig. 5 a is the groundwork logical schematic of power supply modulator.

Fig. 5 b is the block combiner schematic diagram of a kind of digital technology logic realizing power supply modulator.

Fig. 5 c is the work-based logic schematic diagram that power supply modulator sets up electro-magnetic braking device input.

Fig. 6 a is the power supply modulator output electric current time diagram in periodically break-make.

Fig. 6 b is the one energising logical schematic of stator unit one rotor unit of combination.

Fig. 7 a is a kind of partial structurtes schematic diagram of stator unit 8 rotor units of combination.

Fig. 7 b is the power on/off time domain schematic diagram of swing circle corresponding power manipulator of coaxially turning.

Fig. 7 c is the one energising logical schematic of a corresponding stator unit 8 rotor units of combination.

Fig. 8 is a kind of partial structurtes schematic diagram of two stator unit 8 rotor units of combination.

Fig. 9 a is a kind of partial structurtes schematic diagram of 8 stator unit 12 rotor units of combination.

Fig. 9 b is a kind of partial structurtes schematic diagram of 12 stator unit 12 rotor units of combination.

Figure 10 a is a kind of partial structurtes schematic diagram that the present invention is applied to electro-tricycle.

Figure 10 b is a kind of partial structurtes schematic diagram that the present invention is applied to electric four-wheel vehicle.

Accompanying drawing identifies:

1, power supply modulator；1a, DC supply input；1b, sequential current output terminal；1c, induced signal input；1d, train signal input；1e, brake signal input；2, deceleration/torque changing apparatus；3, electric device；3a, stator unit；3b, rotor unit；3c, sensing unit；3d, air gap；3e, coaxially turn；4, vehicle frame；5, wheel；6, wheel hub；7, wheel shaft；8, set of cells；9a, driving actuation means；9b, electro-magnetic braking device；10, coaxial normal；11, wheel tangent line；12, winding two extreme direction line；13, electric hub device；16, journey system is increased；17, logic charging device；17a logic charging device input；17b, logic charging device outfan；18, electric energy supplementary device；19, fuel tank；20, internal combustion engine system；21, electric motor system；22, oily, electric power conversion device；23, machine driven system；Normal angle.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail further.

Referring to Fig. 2 a, the obvious characteristic of the hub system of hub system of the present invention and conventional oil electricity hybrid vehicle is distinctive in that: one, increase journey system 16 unrelated with the drive system of electric motor car and dynamic transfer system: they are two years old, increase journey system electric energy supplementary device 18 can be internal combustion engine generator combination system or one-shot battery combination system, or its combination；Its three, the base structure of electric hub device and control mode are different with routine techniques.

Fig. 2 b is a kind of base structure schematic diagram of the basic machine of electric hub device of the present invention, and being clearly distinguished from of this frame for movement and general hub-type electric machine is in that:

1, electromagnetic force occurring source: come from the separate unit of good wire wounded core, described good wire generally uses copper material or copper-plated metal, magnetic core uses conventional magnetic media material, such magnetizing mediums be known to the skilled person a kind of under the action of a magnetic field internal state change and produce the material of higher complementary field.

2, coaxially turn upper: rotor unit has permanent magnet and magnetic conductor bi-material, and what such magnetic conductor was known to the skilled person a kind of senses magnetisation and the magnetic pole material contrary with outer magnetic field direction under the action of a magnetic field；And pole orientation is identical when several PM rotor unit are arranged on coaxially turning.

Referring to Fig. 2 d, 3e outer rim of coaxially turning is provided with a PM rotor unit 3b1, S pole-face is to interior setting of coaxially turning, a stator unit 3a it is provided with in coaxially turning, both relative air gap 3d of motion are sufficiently small, if the N pole-face of stator unit energising is to coaxially turning, then, during the stator unit of PM rotor unit convergence energising, its electromagnetic attracting force can be subject to and the accelerated motion that makes coaxially to turn；In another embodiment, the S polar motion stator unit in opposite directions of PM rotor unit, body direction of rotation is reversed corresponding thereto in the N pole of stator unit winding energising, and both magnetic action are similarly attracting, as shown in Figure 2 e；If turned, 6 outer rims arrange magnetic conductor rotor unit 3b2, because of its load magnetic for by stator unit electromagnetic field inducing extremely, no matter how the energising direction of stator unit winding is arranged, and both magnetic action are attracting, as shown in figure 2f；This stator unit electromagnetic pole and the basic model that the setting of rotor unit attracting relation is electric hub device of the present invention, the rotor unit of two kinds of different substrate materials is set on coaxially turning and is because permanent magnet and magnetic conductor has and actively carries magnetic and by two kinds of different qualities of dynamic load magnetic, can combine according to its different qualities variation, to adapt to electric hub device driving, to brake the control of multiple real-time status.

As shown in fig. 4 a, when the stator unit of rotor unit convergence energising, its electromagnetic force F being subject to can be analyzed to normal 10 direction F corresponding to axle₁₀And corresponding tangent line 11 direction F₁₁, wherein that rotor unit is contributive around axle is tangential forces F₁₁.Rotor unit is relevant in the interval coaxially turned to stator unit electromagnetic field effect around axle institute stress, it is the stator unit of column to one around core, its electromagnetism line of force passes through the maximum interval of air gap, corresponding to electromagnetic pole the two poles of the earth line 12 vertical to the corresponding normal 10 coaxially turned (parallel with corresponding tangent line 11), as shown in Figure 3 a；The two poles of the earth line that column also may be configured as electromagnetic pole around core overlaps to the corresponding normal coaxially turned, and as shown in Figure 3 b, this set-up mode is selected when being generally the combination arrangement of multiple stator unit.For matrix around core, its electromagnetic force is interval to the effect of rotor unit, is positioned at matrix around core top just to the two ends scope coaxially turned, as shown in Figure 3 c.

Rotor unit is when axle moves, and itself and the determined normal of axle are a dynamic angle with stator unit and the determined normal of axleIt overlaps with suffered electromagnetic force F action direction around axle tangential direction is a special state, now angleFor definite valueThe useful effect of electromagnetic force suffered by rotor unit is interval, be positioned atBe 0 state it is benchmarkIn interval, position (described ± relatively to define according to the direction of rotation coaxially turned).WhenWhen being 0, F₁₀For maximum, F₁₁Be 0, now to rotor unit around axle without contribution, as shown in Figure 4 b.F₁₁And F₁₀Be shifting a pair kinematic variables, its theoretical strong and weak conversion withFor separation,Status and appearance be with driving force F₁₁It is main,Status and appearance be with brake force F₁₀It is main.

The driving power supply technique scheme of electric device of the present invention is: power supply modulator is correspondingState time domain energising, all the other time domain power-off；When main design goal is for economize on electricity, it is preferable thatEven Corresponding time domain energising；When needing to make full use of the rotary inertia coaxially turned, it is preferable that EvenCorresponding time domain energising；CauseState with considerable F₁₀, State energising loses, to driving to rotate, the design sense optimizing economize on electricity；The break-make time domain of this driving electric current described as shown in Figure 6 a, wherein T₁For conduction time, T₂And T₀It is power-off time, (T₁+T₂+T₀) constitute Timing driver current cycle T.The technical scheme of electric hub device of the present invention braking power supply is: power supply modulator correspondence T₂And T₀Part time domain or all time domain be set to energising, described T₂Corresponding around axle for rotor unitTime domain, described T₀For the rotor unit corresponding time domain away from stator unit, it is preferable that the braking of this time domain is becauseThere is considerable tangential force F in state₁₁, Brake Design is unhelpful.The electric device real-time transmission by deceleration/torque changing apparatus, is transferred to corresponding driving/braking state on wheel hub.

Above-mentioned basisThe switching electric control of corresponding states, can approximate transform be relative time control, becauseBe 0 state andState is aobvious state, and power supply modulator is easily sentenced by timing alignment and knownFromTo 0, i.e. (T₁+T₂) time period, as long as set T₁With T₂Relative time, it is right to be namely equivalent toThe switching electricity temporal scalable of corresponding state；Such as controlCorrespondingExtremelyTime domain energising, can briefly be set as: at (T₁+T₂) time period initial 1/2 time domain energising, 1/2 time domain power-off afterwards；In like manner, control is worked asCorrespondingTime domain to 0 is energized, and can briefly be set as: at (T₁+T₂) time period initial 2/3 time domain power-off, afterwards 1/3 time domain energising；But (T₁+T₂) it is an amount relevant to rotating speed of coaxially turning, determine with the relative time of sequential current cycleState when speed change, deviation can occur, this deviation can corresponding each cycleBe 0 state be calibrated.

After stator unit setting (including combination) scheme is determined,Aobvious state position be determined simultaneously, during actual design, it is common that useAobvious state position judge the one foundation of the internal relative position of electric device as sensing device；Exact position be one to radian of turning, air-gap separation, stator unit around the relevant value of the parameters such as core shape and arrangement thereof, have multiple theoretical model, should through test inhabitant area during specific design.Power supply modulator exports the work-based logic of driving or stalling current accordingly can be controlled circuit realization by ordinary tap, it is possible to adopt CPU programming in conjunction with power model group circuit realiration, or the special chip realization that employing large scale integrated circuit technology manufactures.

Electric device is turned by a stator unit 3a combination coaxial simple analysis example of a upper PM rotor unit and a magnetic conductor rotor unit, the electromagnetic force useful effect that rotor unit is not at stator unit around the axial period π most of the time is interval, should first consider the break period T of electric current timing cycles T during programming₀, and then preferred power-off time T₂With driving T conduction time₁, improve the utilization rate of electric energy, Fig. 6 b be this simple analysis example PM rotor unit 3b1 and magnetic conductor rotor unit 3b2 be separated by 180 degree when being symmetrical arranged, the driving energising sequential logic schematic diagram of corresponding one of them rotor unit 3b1/3b2.Combination arranges the advantage of bi-material rotor unit and is in that: if only arranging PM rotor unit on coaxially turning, owing to its magnetic pole is fixed, no matter how pole orientation arranges all can not be followed the electromagnetic force of stator unit with dynamic antipole form, and energy conversion efficiency is high not as magnetic conductor rotor unit；If only arranging magnetic conductor rotor unit on coaxially turning, because of its be sensing magnetisation, when its just at stator unit trapping gap be in same normal 10,When being 0, it is easy to stall occurs.Upper alternate being provided with PM rotor unit 3b1 when turning, power supply modulator can be sentenced by sensing device and know PM rotor unitIt is the position of 0, sends static startup sequential electric current accordingly；The so-called static simple example starting sequential electric current, it is encounter above-mentioned stall, power supply modulator when setting time maximum and can not get sensing device feedback signal, send the starting current in opposite direction with normal drive current in real time, at least one the PM rotor unit upper that makes to turn is subject to the same polarity effect of repelling each other and deviates and be in the state of same normal with stator unit trapping gap, it is to avoid stall occurs.

Electric device is combined by a stator unit 3a analysis case of n rotor unit 3b (3b1/3b2), electromagnetic action is there is with n rotor unit 3b in stator unit 3a at the swing circle π that coaxially turns, power supply modulator 1 preferably sends the energising sequential that n cycle is T, and the correspondence swing circle π that coaxially turns has n T₁, n T₂And n T₀Sequential working logic, power supply modulator is proposed high requirement by this modular design.Rotor unit not arranges The more the better, and its number n on coaxially turning is limited to the interval corresponding space occupy-place of suffered stator unit electromagnetic force useful effect, and otherwise the sequential current cycle of power supply modulator correspondence output can overlap.Fig. 7 a is the structural representation sketch of stator unit 8 rotor units of combination, stator unit coaxially turn swing circle π respectively with 8 rotor unit generation magnetic action, the theoretical sequential electric current that power supply modulator is corresponding is divided into 8 (T₁+T₂+T₀) cycle, Fig. 7 b denotes a kind of T of setting as π/8, at T corresponding to direction of rotation of coaxially turning₁、T₂And T₀Schematic frequency domain, Fig. 7 c is the energising logical schematic of one of them cycle T.

As shown in Figure 8, coaxially turning of electric device is internally provided with two stator unit 3a, is provided with 8 rotor unit 3b on coaxially turning, and in the swing circle coaxially turned, power supply modulator to provide 8 cycles for (T for two stator units respectively₁+T₂+T₀) sequential electric current, power supply modulator is proposed higher designing requirement by this combination.Optional 8 stator units combine 12 rotor units (as illustrated in fig. 9), 12 stator unit 12 rotor units (as shown in figure 9b) of combination etc. further.In theory when H stator unit and n rotor unit modular design, if power supply modulator is to H the discrete power supply of stator unit winding, need correspondence n*H electric current sequential T of design, i.e. n*H (T₁+T₂+T₀) electric current sequential, programming is by sufficiently complex；Therefore in the utility system of multiple stator unit 3a designs, preferred H the electrically coupled in series combination of stator unit winding, or H stator unit winding is divided into some groups of external power supply manipulators, the such as windings in series of 12 stator units, tap totally three external electric connection of power supply manipulators of line (being similar to the Δ shape connection of the internal winding of conventional motors) are drawn in the middle of every 4 windings, technically it is also with the difference of the differetial-potential that these three lines compare between two, as the signal source that a kind of rotor unit differentiates with stator unit relative position, substitute the sensing unit being independently arranged.

In theory, it is also possible in one rotor unit of installation and the combination of several stator units of coaxially turning, though but this equivalent arrangements can implement technically, but because the cost of stator unit is of a relatively high, not preferred scheme.

Power supply modulator 1 can use ordinary tap circuit design or pulse digit technology to realize, the fundamental functional modules of the latter generally comprises power converting circuit, interior storage has microprocessor and the signal input and output circuit of working procedure, can correspondingly be controlled to drive the sequential electric current of module output by sensing unit 3c feedback signal, electric device 3 is dynamically controlled, its work-based logic such as Fig. 5 a shows, and Fig. 5 b is the block combiner schematic diagram of a kind of digital technology logic realizing power supply modulator basic function.

The work-based logic transformation directive signal of power supply modulator usually obtains from being connected in the sensing unit coaxially turned interiorly or exteriorly, sensing unit is not limited to use magnetoelectric induction winding or Hall element, it is used as photoelectric encoder etc., when rotor unit is around axle 7 cycle movement, sensing unit can obtain the rate of change of electric current (voltage) and feed back to power supply modulator, and power supply modulator is sentenced, according to this induced signal, the relative position knowing rotor unit 3b and sent electric current sequential accordingly.According to the operating accuracy of sensing unit 3c and reliability requirement, sensing unit 3c can interiorly or exteriorly arrange one or several coaxially turning, even be deformed into from above-mentioned multiple stator unit windings in series become multi-thread circuit feedback mode and use stator unit 3a Double-wire ring around winding feedback mode obtain work-based logic transformation directive signal, now the induced signal input 1c of power supply modulator is built-in accordingly, and its response processes the working procedure logic to power supply modulator 1 and proposes high requirement.Development due to large scale integrated circuit technology, it is achieved the programming technique of above-mentioned work-based logic conversion is that industry professional person is known, institute is it is to be understood that sequential current cycle, energising subset time domain and amplitude change and the basic design parameter such as power-off time domain therebetween.

To sum up, described power supply modulator is a logic power switching system, sequential power cycles/frequency reflects the unit interval inner stator unit 3a energization action number of times to rotor unit 3b, energising amplitude required for the rotating speed of this time sequence frequency remote definition electric hub device and stator unit or electromagnetic force (coming from power supply modulator to be energized to the winding of stator unit), energising amplitude is more big, the energising of unit interval inner stator unit is more big to the active force of rotor unit, effect number of times is more many, and it is more fast that its result reflects rotating speed of coaxially turning.The sequential power frequency that power supply modulator exports, rotates cycle implicit (T with coaxially turning₁+T₂+T₀) sequential effect number of times, energising mean intensity and rotating speed be mutually corresponding all physical quantity relations, therefore when, after many entrance logic working states that imposes a condition of power supply modulator, the frequency controlling sequential energising namely controls rotating speed.This manually operated electric hub device rotating speed is by driving the input 1d of actuation means 9a electric connection of power supply manipulator to realize.

When using T₂When electromagnetic force braking function is set up in time domain energising, the brake signal input 1e that power supply modulator is set up accordingly electrically connects with electro-magnetic braking device 9b, as shown in Figure 5 c；Electro-magnetic braking device 9b may be configured as a continuous or multistage rheostat, and its function is the stalling current intensity controlling power supply modulator output, and stalling current is more big, and electromagnetic braking effect is more good.

Described stator unit 3a is in the internal main points being connected with solid mechanical device of the 3e that coaxially turns, it is to make rotor unit relative air gap 3d of formed effective generation magnetic action in Periodic Rotating, this air gap is that stator unit transmits the energy channel of electromagnetic force to rotor unit, air gap is more little more is conducive to magnetic energy effect to transmit, but the too small easy generation Mechanical Contact of air gap, need to comprehensively hold rigidity and the machining accuracy of material during design.

Described deceleration/torque changing apparatus 2 is generally formed by some gear combination, can reach change the rotating speed of machine driving input or change the technical goal of torque by the combination of some gears, the design of deceleration/torque changing apparatus is more, it is preferable that and the 3e that coaxially turns is coaxially disposed and is arranged at and coaxially turn and between wheel hub.Deceleration/torque changing apparatus can be independently arranged, it is also possible to coaxially turn or electric device entirety carry out integrated design, be even arranged at and coaxially turn and the local location of endless belt between wheel hub；But this kind of design arranging deceleration/torque changing apparatus at hub interior local location, generally need to configure the device such as suspension, damping spring in wheel hub and adjust center of gravity, not preferred technical scheme.

The traditional product of described driving actuation means 9a is rheostat or the potentiometer of an easily manipulation deformation design, artificial, with technical development in recent years, the special actuation means being much based upon on photosensitive, Hall control principle basis reaches its maturity, this series products is typically designed as conventional rotating handles formula, also may be designed as plug-type stick or other any manual control modes, including remote control.

Existing market main flow electric motor car is configuration secondary cell, and owing to the specific energy of secondary cell is low, plumbous battery is typically only 40VAh/Kg, and lithium battery is generally 120VAh/Kg, and the course continuation mileage joining car owes ideal；The advantage of one-shot battery is that self discharge is little, specific energy is high, the specific energy of the aluminium-air cell that Recent experimental room makes has reached more than 8000VAh/Kg, but this kind of metal electrode one-shot battery is generally with the defect that internal resistance is big, though its specific energy is high but large current discharging capability is not strong, although its following application prospect is had an optimistic view of by industry, but present stage is the difficult electric device discharge performance demand meeting electric motor car still, more sane technical scheme is to use as auxiliary electric energy.

Hub system of the present invention is the increasing journey system 16 that arranges in the technical foundation that electric device configures secondary cell, and described increasing journey system includes logic charging device 17 and electric energy supplementary device 18；The major function of described logic charging device is the real-time status of monitoring set of cells 8, and is set of cells electric energy supplement under the work-based logic set, as shown in Figure 2 a；The real-time status of described set of cells at least includes real-time voltage or remaining capacity, the nominal operating voltage of the lead battery of such as certain electric motor car is 48V, its normal working voltage interval is 42.0V to 53.2V, when setting lead battery and supplementing the threshold voltage of electricity as 47V, as long as the real-time voltage that logic charging device monitors set of cells drops to 47V, namely automatic or manual startup electric energy supplementary device 18 supplements electricity for set of cells.The function that described logic charging monitoring and DC charging control, can also realize to power supply modulator by Partial Transformation, shown in Fig. 2 c be a kind of by power supply modulator 1 monitor set of cells real-time voltage and control recharge logic, base structure schematic diagram that DC charging function is completed by logic charging device 17；Logic charging device even can be all transplanted to power supply modulator and carry out integrated design.The electric energy supplementary device of described increasing journey system, it is possible to control device for the arbitrary one-shot battery of material and DC charging and combine, for instance adopt aluminium-air cell.

Electric energy supplementary device can also be that fuel tank, internal combustion engine, electromotor and fairing combine, and the combination of such device is relative maturity technology, and described fuel includes but not limited to methanol, ethanol, gasoline, diesel oil, natural gas, gaseous state or liquified hydrogen etc.；Known in the industry, the state burning that one important feature of internal combustion engine is when low speed or speed change is insufficient, but operating mode is general all more satisfactory under the invariable power state of constant speed especially high speed, owing to the increasing journey systemic-function of electric motor car of the present invention is only for set of cells electric energy supplement, internal combustion engine may be provided at invariable power operating mode, even if the energy source of electric energy supplementary device is to adopt automotive fuel, the burning and exhausting of fuel is also very low.

Two class electric energy supplementary devices of described increasing journey system, can be combined in electric motor car design and use.

Described preference is only recommendation, and some technical schemes can be combined and use, can partly use and also can add other mature technologies.As long as the magnetic current energy feature according to electric device, by power supply modulator being designed the sequential electric current being accurately controlled and configuring increasing journey system, the basic fundamental target of the present invention program can be realized.

The professional person that electric motor car and wheel hub motor technology are relatively understood in depth, is not difficult on scheme basis of the present invention, ground deformation implementation present invention of drawing inferences about other cases from one instance.Such as on existing pulse direct current wheel hub motor basis, market, converted by the change of sensing mode and controller current sequence and partly implement the present invention.The electric current sequential control method of power supply modulator of the present invention, the base structure of electric device, increasing journey system schema and derivative technology deformation implementation thereof, all should be put into protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiment 1,

The hub system of a kind of assistance type electro-tricycle, including electric hub device 13, set of cells 8 and increasing journey system 16；Electric hub device is arranged at front-wheel, and its supporting vehicle frame 4 and mechanical partially schematic structure are as shown in Figure 10 a；Set of cells 8 selects the plumbic acid colloid battery of nominal 48V20Ah, is arranged on the bottom of vehicle frame；Increasing journey system with methanol generator system for electric energy supplementary device 18, generator system is combined by methanol fuel tank, methanol internal combustion engine, electromotor and fairing；The logic charging device 17 increasing journey system is mainly made up of functional modules such as set of cells real-time voltage monitoring modular, constant voltage current limit charging module and work-based logic control modules, its input 17a electrically connects electric energy supplementary device, and its outfan 17b electrically connects the both positive and negative polarity of set of cells.

The wheel hub 6 outer rim girth of this electric motor car is 1000mm, and the 3e that coaxially turns of electric device 3 is one to be had and rotate the annular titanium-aluminium alloy circle that axle, girth are 300mm, on the internal machinery being connected with dead axle of alloy ring, installs a stator unit 3a；Coaxially turn and wheel hub 6 is co-axially mounted, be arranged between one by the deceleration/torque changing apparatus 2 of some gear combination, as shown in Figure 2 b；Electric device is realized and wheel hub machine driving by deceleration/torque changing apparatus, and the speed reducing ratio of deceleration/torque changing apparatus is 10:1.

The upper design of coaxially turning of electric device has two rotor units, and 180 degree of installations of being separated by coaxially turning, one of them is PM rotor unit 3b1, and material is neodymium iron boron；Another is magnetic conductor rotor unit 3b2, selects market to be prone to the ferromagnet of buying；Wherein, the two poles of the earth line of PM rotor unit 3b1 is parallel with the tangent line coaxially turned, and S pole-face is to direction of rotation of coaxially turning, as shown in Figure 2 e；Two rotor units are processed into cell type junior unit, and the Design of length of this junior unit is 10mm, and width takes maximum when not affecting installation, snugly fits into the outer rim of the 3e that coaxially turns；Stator unit 3a selects market to be prone to the channel magnet of buying around core, more magnetic domain is there is inside this ferromagnet, under outside magnetic field effect, magnetic domain easily turns to and produces the complementary field consistent and much better than with outer magnetic field direction, spill is processed into and corresponding arc of coaxially turning around core bottom, coil windings is formed around spill magnetic core 55 circle by the copper cash of a diameter 0.75mm, Installation features: stator unit is arranged on coaxially turn inside the fixed position near its inner rim 7mm, captive screw is fixed, spill around core top just to coaxial rotating inner edge (as shown in Figure 3 c), two ends correspondence is coaxially turned 34 degree of mechanical angles of occupy-place.

Setting the maximum speed per hour of electric two-wheel vehicle and be about 20km/h and 5.6m/s (5.6 turns/s), meter is picked up the car and taken turns corresponding spin cycle time is 180ms；The 3e that coaxially turns is 56 turns/s through the speed limit of deceleration/torque changing apparatus 2 correspondence, corresponding spin cycle time 18ms, (the T that namely electric device is powered by power supply modulator 1₁+T₂+T₀) timing cycles minima T is 18ms；Power supply modulator is realized by general pulse digital technology, designs overload power 1200W, sets T in timing cycles₁: (T₂+T₀) for 1:35, the T that the timing cycles that namely speed limit is corresponding is powered₁Value 0.5ms, all the other 17.5ms are off-position；The current intensity of the corresponding maximum speed per hour output of power supply modulator is 16A when rated voltage is set to 48V, and this current value designs and through test inhabitant area in conjunction with electric device 3 according to complete vehicle weight, the specified body weight of driver.Electric hub device is located at the trailing wheel of two wheeler.

The power input 1a of power supply modulator electrically connects the both positive and negative polarity of set of cells 8, Timing driver current output terminal 1b electrically connects the coil windings of stator unit 3a, induced signal input 1c electrically connects sensing unit 3c, train signal input 1d electrical connection and drives actuation means 9a.The energising direction of the internal winding of stator unit, be set to shown in Fig. 2 b around the extremely inverse direction of rotation of coaxially turning of core N.Sensing unit 3c is made up of a magnetoelectric induction winding, and sensing unit is connected in the position of the internal and close its inner rim of the 3e that coaxially turns by captive screw.Drive actuation means 9a to adopt the rotating potentiometer of stepless variable resistance, Conventional hand grips formula, by the Aided design with electronic control circuit, can pass through to change resistance and control the current intensity of power supply modulator 1 output in real time, thus controlling the normal speed of electric motor car.The conventional use of accessory of electric motor car all adopts commercial products supporting.

The work-based logic that power supply modulator 1 sets as: with stator unit 3a and rotor unit 3b, periodically trapping gap 3d is relative, be in same normal 10 (Be 0) state be designated as benchmark coordinate and fiducial time, when manpower assistant or drive actuation means 9a provide driving signal and sensing unit 3c perception rotor unit 3b go to around axle 7ReachIn the moment (about 17 degree, respective rotor unit enters the initial time that spill is relative within the scope of core two ends, and fine values is through test inhabitant area) of position, power supply modulator starts output 12A electric current；When rotor unit 3b goes to reference seat timestamp around axle 7 every time, power supply modulator carries out a time and returns 0 calibration and record this cycle time, compare cycle time by going to reference seat target last time with rotor unit, know the instantaneous value of this cycle time, and according to real-time status, further work logic is judged: if driving actuation means 9a to power supply modulator without input instruction, power supply modulator dormancy；If driving the actuation means 9a instruction provided is accelerate, then power supply modulator is at next cycle respective rotor unit 3b around axle extremelyForThe time period of position, perform T₁With (T₂+T₀) ratio is the switching electricity sequential of 1:35, the mean intensity of energising is by driving actuation means to provide in real time；If driving actuation means to maintain the power supply modulator output electric current state close to 16A, the logic state of above-mentioned setting is by more and more higher for the sequential energising frequency making power supply modulator, in corresponding wheel 5 each cycle, the electromagnetic force number of times of rotor unit 3b is got more and more by stator unit 3a, and speed is more and more faster；When sequential be energized frequency maintain the state of 16A higher than set 1/18ms (correspondence coaxially turn 56 turns/s of rotating speed) or the power supply modulator output continuous 5s of electric current time, the unconditional power-off of power supply modulator and reach the design object of automatic speed-limiting.

Increase the work-based logic that sets of logic charging device 17 of journey system as: when the real-time voltage monitoring set of cells 8 drops to 47V, automatically starting methanol generator system is set of cells 8 electric energy supplement, its charging working method is that constant voltage 58.8V limits maximum current 4A, is automatically stopped charging when charging current is less than 0.5A.

Electric hub device described in the present embodiment, also can be arranged on single block accordingly, or is arranged on the front-wheel of two wheeler, trailing wheel or front and rear wheel and arranges simultaneously；Each wheel can be installed by a set of electric hub device, it is possible to much more even a corresponding wheel is installed two sets and to be overlapped electric hub device；Increasing journey system described in the present embodiment is due to the fuel that employing methanol is electric energy supplementary device, and methanol internal combustion engine is arranged on invariable power operating mode, discharges very low；The power-assisted course continuation mileage of this two wheeler, depends primarily on the capacity of methanol that fuel tank carries rather than set of cells 8.

Embodiment 2,

The electric energy supplementary device that embodiment 1 increases journey system is changed into aluminum air one-shot battery by methanol generator system；Power supply modulator 1 adopts pulse digit technology to realize, nucleus module includes the driving module of a conventional CPU and design power 1500W, its refinement work-based logic is as shown in Figure 5 b, wherein impulse transfer modulate circuit has been mainly pulse signal has been converted to step signal, pulse signal generator mainly produces required pulse signal, secondly through peaker output spike pulse, it is then passed through amplitude limiter circuit to be filtered by the negative half period of spike, remaining positive axis spike, it is integrated adding up with the integrating circuit of integrated transporting discharging composition, plus voltage comparator and control circuit, just constitute complete step pulse signal, each element of circuit is carried out parameter adjustment, thus being met the step signal of work-based logic requirement.Power supply modulator is at T₁In energising sequential, driving module is made to produce the pulse current that a series of amplitudes are successively decreased, pulse frequency 30KHz with sequential by control chip (CPU).

The function of the logic charging device 17 increasing journey system is set as in the way of constant voltage, current limit set of cells 8 is charged, and its work-based logic instruction is sent by power supply modulator 1；Power supply modulator has the function to the monitoring of set of cells real time capacity and signal processing concurrently, there are the functional modules such as timer, signal trigger and logic processor inside, its ancillary equipment includes discharge capacity verifying attachment, and the track remodelling that this discharge capacity verifying attachment shows in commercial special discharge capacity instrument, extraction discharge capacity forms；The work-based logic increasing journey system is: set of cells 8 is carried out the once differentiation stream size of test in every 5 minutes by discharge capacity verifying attachment, when the real time capacity of set of cells is when more than the 45% of nominal capacity, signal trigger module does not work, and logic charging device should be static mutually；When real time capacity≤45% nominal capacity of set of cells, signal trigger module sends signal, and it is set of cells 8 electric energy supplement that logic processor module sends signal enabling aluminum air battery system 18 accordingly by logic charging device 17.

The electric boosted increasing journey of the present embodiment two wheeler depends on the storage capacitance of aluminium-air cell；Described aluminium-air cell, it is also possible to be replaced into zinc-air battery or hydrogen storage device for converting electric energy.Stator former unit winding starts the moment of energising, it is possible to change into (T₁+T₂) time period is reference value time delay 1% to 5%.

Embodiment 3,

Embodiment 2 basis uses T₂Electric hub device is set up electromagnetic force braking function by time domain energising.

Power supply modulator increases a brake signal input 1e accordingly and electrically connects electro-magnetic braking device 9b, and as shown in Figure 5 c, electro-magnetic braking device is ten grades of rheostats；When Artificial Control electro-magnetic braking device sends brake signal, power supply modulator cuts off T₁The electric current of corresponding sequential, starts T₂Time domain is energized, and this braking energising time domain is set in sensing unit 3c perception rotor unit 3b around axle extremelyIt is 5 degree to arriveIt it is the time period of 0 position.

The stalling current that power supply modulator exports, ten grades of resistance shelves of corresponding electro-magnetic braking device 9b are set to ten grades of intensity, sets the current intensity that exports as: chopped-off head 5A, final stage 16A, ten grades of electric currents are on average arranged.

Embodiment 4,

The brake logic of embodiment 3 electric hub device is optimized for further: power supply modulator starts T₂While time domain energising, by T₀The work-based logic of part time domain synchronizes to be transformed to energising, this T₀The numerical value of part time domain and (T₁+T₂) equal, T₀Energising Startup time withIt it is 0 beginning timing；Power supply modulator is at this T₀Current intensity that part time domain exports and T₂Time domain is identical, and this scheme can strengthen electromagnetic force braking effect.

The braking energising of stator unit winding is added the present embodiment rotor unit and stator unit is in the time domain away from state；This braking energising time domain T₂Can also corresponding cycle sequential T and be briefly set as: at (T₁+T₂+T₀) in sequential, initial 6/17 time domain power-off, afterwards 12/17 time domain energising.

Aforementioned braking time domainIt it is the time period that can also change to time period of 5～0 degree of positions 2～0 degree of positions.

Embodiment 5,

The hub system of electric wheel hub it is respectively mounted at crossbeam two ends.

In the present embodiment, the basic machine of two electric hub devices shares a power supply modulator, wheel hub outer rim girth is 1500mm, the 3e that coaxially turns within the basic machine of each electric device is one to be had and rotates the annular alloy steel ring that axle, girth are 500mm, chimeric 8 rotor units on it, including 4 PM rotor unit 3b1 and 4 magnetic conductor rotor unit 3b2, the S of 4 PM rotor unit 3b1 is extremely all just to the axle turned, the permanent magnet of 8 rotor units and the alternate average setting of magnetic conductor, its partial structurtes are as shown in Figure 7a；Coaxially turning on the internal machinery connected with dead axle, the stator unit 3a of and its inner rim spacing 8mm is installed；Coaxially turn and wheel hub 6 concentric installed, be arranged between one by the deceleration/torque changing apparatus 2 of some gear combination, decelerations/torque changing apparatus with coaxially turn and the installation of wheel hub 6 concentric, speed reducing ratio is 9:1.

Underlying parameter reference example 1 and adjust, the winding of stator unit is adjusted to 60 circles, matrix is 45 degree around the mechanical angle of the corresponding occupy-place of coaxially turning of core, continue to select speed limit 20Km/h and 5.6m/s (3.7 turns/s), the speed limit through deceleration/torque changing apparatus 2 correspondence of coaxially turning is 33.3 turns/s, it is 30ms that meter takes spin cycle time corresponding to speed limit, because of be arranged on the stator unit coaxially turned outside 3e in a swing circle of coaxially turning respectively with 8 rotor unit generation electromagnetic forces, (T that electric device is powered by power supply modulator₁+T₂+T₀) timing cycles correspondence speed limit value is 3.75ms, chooses (T₁: T₂: T₀) for 0.675:1.2:1.875；Power supply modulator selects large scale digital logic switch integrated circuit to realize, and designs maximum overload capacity 1500W.The power supply modulator energising direction to stator unit inside winding, is set to around the extremely inverse direction of rotation of coaxially turning of core N.

The work-based logic that power supply modulator sets is similar with the method for embodiment 1, by the sequential of period regulation record energising frequency, would know that real-time speed, when sequential be energized frequency higher than 1/3.75ms (correspondence coaxially turn 33.3 turns/s of rotating speed) time, the unconditional power-off of power supply modulator and reach the design object of automatic speed-limiting.

Set of cells in the present embodiment selects nominal 55.5V40Ah plumbic acid colloid battery, increases journey system and arranges similar with embodiment 1；The present embodiment hub system is than previous example, and two In-wheel-motor driving can make electrical vehicular power double；The described design being respectively mounted Electric Motor Wheel at crossbeam two ends, it is possible to be two trailing wheels of the parallel two wheeler of coaxial two-wheeled or tricycle, it is also possible to be two front-wheels of carriage or two trailing wheels；The present embodiment electric motor car is installed at same crossbeam two ends because of two Electric Motor Wheel, and during turning driving, two Electric Motor Wheel exist differential, should be specifically designed speed limit, or by the differential program to the built-in turning driving of power supply modulator 1, make turning driving more stable.

In the present embodiment, drive power supply time domain T₁Also may be defined asFromExtremelyThe corresponding time period, briefly it is set as: at (T₁+T₂+T₀) in sequential, initial 1/4 time domain energising, 3/4 time domain power-off afterwards.

Embodiment 6,

Being set up by the stator unit 3a of electric hub device on the basis of embodiment 5 is two, coaxially turn 3e with integrated forming technique in inside chimeric 8 rotor unit 3b, rotor unit includes 4 PM rotor unit 3b1 and 4 magnetic conductor rotor unit 3b2, the S of 4 PM rotor unit 3b1 is extremely all just to the axle turned, the permanent magnet of 8 rotor units and magnetic conductor alternate average setting between two.Two stator units change cylinder into around core, umber of turn 60 encloses, vertical with corresponding normal 10 of coaxially turning around core two ends during installation, as shown in Figure 3 a；Two stator units are arranged on the annular position of the center of the internal plane normal of the 3e that coaxially turns, close coaxial rotating inner edge 6mm, technology requires that the mechanical spacing adjoining rotor unit 3b with direction of rotation is identical, the winding of two stator units is electrically connected in series, common 8 rotor unit generation electromagnetic forces equally distributed with it in 3e swing circle of coaxially turning；The spin cycle time that power supply modulator correspondence is coaxially turned is identical with embodiment 7.

Set of cells in the present embodiment selects 66V50Ah ferric phosphate lithium cell, increases journey system 16 and arranges similar with embodiment 2；Driving time domain is defined asFromExtremelyThe corresponding time period, braking time domain is defined asForExtremelyIt it was 0 corresponding time period.Because have employed two stator unit 3a, power effect doubles.

The mechanical layout of two stator unit 3a in the present embodiment, it is also possible to changing into and internal monosymmetric determine body region installation turning, the winding of two stator units is electrically connected in series, and electromagnetic pole direction is identical.

Embodiment 7,

Being arranged on the hub system of electric four-wheel vehicle as shown in fig. lob, electric hub device is arranged on two trailing wheels；Set of cells 8 selects 48V100Ah plumbic acid colloid battery, increases the journey system 16 electric energy replenishment control mode to set of cells, is set to electric energy supplementary device 18 and persistently set of cells is charged in electric motor car runs.

In the present embodiment, the machinery internal ad hoc for 3e of coaxially turning of electric hub device arranges 12 stator unit 3a, what stator unit was selected is cylindrical around core, umber of turn is adjusted to 55 circles, during installation, cylinder overlaps with corresponding normal 10 of coaxially turning around core two ends line 12, as shown in Figure 3 b, and at the annular position near coaxial rotating inner edge 8mm it is uniformly distributed；Power supply modulator, to the energising direction after stator unit combination, is set to the extremely inverse direction of rotation of coaxially turning of N.Titanium-aluminium alloy coaxially turn 3e with integrated forming technique in inside the rotor unit 3b of chimeric 12 alternate settings, including 3 PM rotor unit 3b1 and 9 magnetic conductor rotor unit 3b2, the N of 3 PM rotor unit 3b1 is extremely all just to the axle turned, during installation, alternate 1 the PM rotor unit of every 3 magnetic conductor rotor units, 12 rotor unit alternate average settings on turning.

In electric device, the winding of 12 stator units is electrically connected in series, tap is drawn in the middle of the winding of every 4 stator units, externally form 3 lines and form electric external loop (being similar to the Δ shape connection of the internal winding of conventional motors), 12 rotor unit generation electromagnetic forces equally distributed with it in 3e swing circle of coaxially turning；The electric connection mode correspondence of power supply modulator is designed as three wire circuit, its time sequential pulse electric current mean allocation in each loop that three lines are constituted exported accordingly；What the present embodiment can utilize the external biphase feedback of stator unit 3a winding compares differetial-potential difference between two, as the signal source that interior location differentiates, substitutes the sensing unit being independently arranged.

The Method And Principle that the driving of the present embodiment, brake control mode and stator former unit are arranged at inside of coaxially turning is similar, and the driving of power supply modulator time domain of powering is defined asFromExtremelyThe corresponding time period, braking power supply time domain is defined asFromExtremelyIt it is 0 degree of corresponding time period.

The driving of the present embodiment time domain of powering also can briefly be set as: at (the T of power supply modulator₁+T₂+T₀) in cycle sequential, initial 1/10 time domain energising, 9/10 time domain power-off afterwards.Braking power supply time domain T₂Also can briefly be set as: at (T₁+T₂+T₀) in sequential, initial 3/8 time domain power-off, afterwards 5/8 time domain energising.

In the hub system of the present embodiment, the electric energy supplementary device 18 increasing journey system 16 both can be fuel generator system, it is also possible to be one-shot battery system；Owing to the working method of electric energy supplementary device is to work asynchronously when electric motor car starts, and to set of cells floating charging in electric hub device runs, logic charging device 17 is designed as constant voltage 54V, limits the working method of maximum charging current 10A；There is differential in two trailing wheels of the present embodiment, tackle the built-in differential program of power supply modulator, make turning driving more stable when turning driving.

Embodiment 8,

The hub system that a kind of quasi-single-wheel structure electric car uses, described quasi-single-wheel structure is two wheels of coaxial compact installation, and the frame for movement of electric hub device sets between two wheels, and namely the wheel of two coaxial compact installations shares a set of electric hub device；Electric hub device is internal and control mode, set of cells 8, increases journey system 16 and designs with reference to previous example according to the performance requirement of car；Actuation means 9a is driven to be set to remote control.

The quasi-single-wheel structure of coaxial compact installation two wheel described in the present embodiment can at the front-wheel of front and back electric motor car with two wheels, trailing wheel, even former and later two take turns in addition deformation implementation further, make electric motor car travel effect more stable.

Embodiment 9,

Design the hub system of a kind of double; two electric four-wheel vehicle increasing journey system 16.

The supporting vehicle frame 4 of this electric four-wheel vehicle and machinery partial structurtes are as shown in fig. lob；The electric device 13 of hub system is selected to turn described in embodiment 7 and is provided with 12 rotor unit 3b on 6, described determine body 5 and be internally provided with the structure of 12 stator unit 3a as motor body, power supply modulator 1 adopts general pulse digital technology to realize, and set driving, brake logic control function are similar with embodiment 7.

Set of cells 8 selects 96V100Ah ferric phosphate lithium cell.

The electric energy supplementary device 18 of double; two increasing journey systems 16 is combined by aluminum air one-shot battery system 18a (including aluminium-air cell and control system thereof) and internal-combustion engine generator system 18b (including fuel tank, internal combustion engine, electromotor and fairing and control system thereof) respectively；The functional module of the logic charging device 17 of double; two increasing journey systems includes charging module and controls module, charging module is provided with two-way input, is electrically connected the electric energy output end of aluminum air battery system 18a and the electric energy output end of electrical connection internal-combustion engine generator system 18b；The charging module outfan electrical connection set of cells 8 of logic charging device 17, its work startup is realized logic control by the control module of logic charging device 17 by electric connection of power supply manipulator 1.

The logic charging device 17 programming Control by power supply modulator 1, realize monitoring and the charging control function of the real-time voltage/remaining capacity to set of cells 8, described in its control method to aluminum air battery system 18a and the control method to internal-combustion engine generator system 18b such as embodiment 1 and embodiment 2；When double; two increasing journey systems 16 are set of cells 8 electric energy supplement, preferentially enable internal-combustion engine generator system 18b, continue to enable aluminum air battery system 18a when internal-combustion engine generator system can not work.The fuel that internal-combustion engine generator system uses is any.

Above example is only in order to illustrate technical scheme and unrestricted, although the present invention being described in detail with reference to embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that, technical scheme is modified or equivalent replacement, without departure from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of scope of the presently claimed invention.

Claims (15)

1. the hub system of an electric motor car, it is characterised in that described hub system includes electric hub device (13), set of cells (8) and increases journey system (16)；Described electric hub device includes power supply modulator (1), deceleration/torque changing apparatus (2), wheel hub (6), drives actuation means (9a) and electric device (3)；Described power supply modulator includes power input (1a), sequential current output terminal (1b) and driving signal input (1d), the both positive and negative polarity of described power input electrical connection set of cells；Described electric device (3) includes coaxially turning (3e), at least one stator unit (3a) and some rotor units (3b)；Described coaxially turning is an annular machinery circle with rotation axle；Described rotor unit includes at least one PM rotor unit (3b1) and at least one magnetic conductor rotor unit (3b2), it is alternate be arranged at and coaxially turn on, and with rotation of coaxially turning；Described stator unit is arranged close to the fixed position of coaxial rotating inner edge, and stator unit is not more than 40mm with the relative air gap (3d) formed of coaxially turning；Described coaxially turning and wheel hub is coaxially disposed, electric device and deceleration/torque changing apparatus are arranged in wheel hub, at least provided with a set of electric device in wheel hub；Described set of cells is the repeatable secondary cell used that repeatedly charges；

The inside winding of the sequential current output terminal electrical connection stator unit of described power supply modulator, driving signal input electrical connection drives actuation means；Described power supply modulator is by driving actuation means to obtain the driving instruction of user, and in the corresponding time sequence inside winding output current to stator unit, makes electric device, by deceleration/torque changing apparatus, wheel hub be realized driving/braking.

2. hub system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described deceleration/torque changing apparatus (2) includes some gear combination, its drive input with coaxially turn (3e) mechanical attachment, its transmission output and wheel hub (6) mechanical attachment；Deceleration/torque changing apparatus is independently arranged, or with coaxially turn or wheel hub integrated setting.

3. hub system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described stator unit (3a) is formed around the magnetic core of magnetic media material by the good conductor loop of least one set, by connected in series or in parallel between the winding that its several combination obtains, or form multi-thread external loop by drawing centre tap between different windings.

4. hub system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described electric device (3) also includes sensing device, and described sensing device includes some sensing units (3c) that can sense described rotor unit (3b) and stator unit (3a) relative position；Described sensing unit electrically connects with the transducing signal input (1c) of described power supply modulator；Described electric device at least interiorly or exteriorly arranges a sensing unit what coaxially turn.

5. hub system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the sensing device of described electric device (3) also includes the inside winding of stator unit (3a), and described internal winding includes surrounding the winding of stator unit magnetic core and by the multi-thread external loop being in series between some stator unit windings.

6. hub system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described electric hub device (13) also includes electro-magnetic braking device (9b), described power supply modulator also includes brake signal input (1e), its electrical connection electro-magnetic braking device (9b), obtains the braking instruction of user and in the corresponding time sequence inside winding output current to the stator unit (3a) of electric device by electro-magnetic braking device.

7. hub system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described increasing journey system (16) includes logic charging device (17) and electric energy supplementary device (18)；The input (17a) of described logic charging device electrically connects electric energy supplementary device (18), and its outfan (17b) electrically connects the both positive and negative polarity of set of cells (8)；Described increasing journey system in the logic working state set as set of cells electric energy supplement.

8. the hub system according to claim 1 or 7, it is characterised in that the electric energy supplementary device (18) of described increasing journey system (16) combines with controlling device for the arbitrary one-shot battery of material；Or combine for internal combustion engine generator and system and device；Or both combine setting.

9. the hub system according to claim 1 or 7, it is characterized in that, the logic charging device (17) of described increasing journey system (16) at least includes charged with direct current device, it is independently arranged, or part logic function or whole logic function is integrated in power supply modulator (1).

10. containing the electric motor car of the arbitrary hub system of claim 1～9, described electric motor car includes the electric motor car of one or more wheel and electronic, autocycle；The wheel of described electric motor car includes single-wheel and the quasi-single-wheel structure of coaxial two wheel hubs of compact installation.

11. based on the electric hub device driving method of the arbitrary hub system of claim 1～9, the method controls hub rotation according to the position relationship of described rotor unit (3a) and described stator unit (3b) by power supply modulator (1) output timing electric current；

Described sequential defines according to rotation of wheel direction, described sequential electric current combines the rotor unit number on coaxially turning according to stator unit electromagnetic field in the useful effect interval coaxially turned on (3e) and arranges several make and break periods, and each make and break period includes power supply time domain and power-off time domain；Described power supply time domain is positioned atThe corresponding time period, described inFor the dynamic angle that rotor unit is formed with stator unit and the determined normal of axle around axle the normal determined with axle, described inFor rotor unit around axle tangential direction with its suffered by electromagnetic force direction overlap determinedValue；In described power-off time domain, power supply modulator (1) does not export electric current.

12. method according to claim 11, it is characterized in that, the magnetic flux density of electric current initial in described energising time domain, voltage or stator unit (3a) is obtained rotating speed instantaneous value of coaxially turning and combines the instruction driving actuation means (9a) to provide and adjust by sensing device.

13. method according to claim 11, it is characterised in that described method also includes aligning step；Described aligning step be rotor unit is relative with the coaxial normal in stator unit place,Be 0 state as benchmark coordinate and fiducial time, when rotor unit goes to reference seat timestamp every time, power supply modulator (1) carries out a time and returns 0 calibration and record this cycle time, compare cycle time by going to reference seat target with rotor unit last time, thus knowing the spin cycle time coaxially turned, and control output electric current.

14. the electric hub device braking method based on the arbitrary hub system of claim 1～9, the method is relative with the coaxial normal in stator unit place at described rotor unit convergence stator unit, rotor unit and is in away from least one time domain of state, and output timing electric current controls wheel hub braking；

Described rotor unit convergence stator unit isThe corresponding time period of state, described inFor the dynamic angle that rotor unit is formed with stator unit and the determined normal of axle around axle the normal determined with axle, described inFor rotor unit around axle tangential direction with its suffered by electromagnetic force direction overlap determinedValue.

15. the electric power replenishing method based on the arbitrary hub system of claim 7～9, the method needs to continue electric energy supplement for set of cells (8) in electric hub device (13) runs, or when the real-time voltage of set of cells or remaining capacity value are lower than set threshold values, enabling increasing journey system (16), making electric energy supplementary device (18) is set of cells charging electric energy supplement by logic charging device (17).