CN105990959A - Permanent-magnetic electric device, electric vehicle and driving, braking and range-extending methods thereof - Google Patents
Permanent-magnetic electric device, electric vehicle and driving, braking and range-extending methods thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105990959A CN105990959A CN201510050643.1A CN201510050643A CN105990959A CN 105990959 A CN105990959 A CN 105990959A CN 201510050643 A CN201510050643 A CN 201510050643A CN 105990959 A CN105990959 A CN 105990959A
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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Abstract
The invention discloses a permanent-magnetic electric device and an electric vehicle. The electric device comprises a power modulator, a driving control device, a fixed body and a rotating body. The rotating body is an annular mechanical ring with a rotating shaft, and at least four permanent-magnetic rotor units with the magnetic poles in the same direction are arranged on the rotating body at intervals. The fixed body is a mechanical disc with a fixed shaft, at least one stator unit is arranged on the fixed body, and the periodic relative air gap between the stator unit and the rotor units is not greater than 40mm. The electromagnetic pole direction of the stator unit is opposite to the direction of the magnetic pole, moving to the stator unit, of each rotor unit. The power modulator acquires an instruction of a user through the driving control device/an electromagnetic brake device and correspondingly outputs a sequence current to drive/brake the electric device. The electric vehicle comprises a vehicle frame, a battery pack and at least one wheel, and is equipped with at least one set of the electric device. A range extending system supplements power for a secondary battery pack in a set logic state.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric motor car and mains power design field thereof, particularly to the Machine Design of a kind of electric device
And drive and braking sequential current design method and the increasing Cheng Fangfa of electric motor car.
Background technology
The motor that electric bicycle market typically adapted is arranged on wheel shaft at present, motor designs is outer rotor
Form, outer rotor, by the wheel rim mechanical attachment of spoke with wheel, makes wheel rotate by motor torque.Electronic
Car industry focus is exploitation passenger car wheel hub motor, also known as wheel inner electric machine, industry specialists it is believed that due to
The component weight of wheel hub motor (generally comprises wheel hub motor, brake disc, brake card far beyond hub body at present
Pincers, Active Suspensions motor, suspension, damping spring etc.), its technical meaning is the most limited;Only with the power of unit volume
One index of density is weighed, and what existing motor did not reached far away wheel hub inner electric machine is typically designed requirement.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of traditional 4 pole permanent magnet brush direct current inner rotor motors, permanent magnet 13 magnetic pole edge
Determine the inner edge N/S of body 5 replace symmetry arrangement, at a spacing 14, some windings are arranged on turns 6 and permanent magnetism
In the annular region that body is relative, outer for unidirectional current by mechanical contact reversing arrangement to winding be energized, can including
Portion forms rotating excitation field and the rotation that makes to turn, and exports power by rotating shaft.
Permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine obtains fast development in recent years, its mainly by motor body, position detector and
Power inverter controller forms, and permanent magnet is generally located on upper, N/S magnetic pole certain interval arrangement the most apart of turning,
Some windings are arranged on the most internal, and position detector constitutes electronic commutator together with inverter and replaces mechanical contact
Reversing arrangement, winding energising forms rotating excitation field and makes rotation of turning.PWQ technology that control aspect is commonly used,
The subject matter of this permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine is that the degree of approximation of deformed sine wave controls, although its power is powered and adopted
Modulate by PWQ technology, but in control thought method, be limited to the traditional design of motor interior.
Mileages of continuation is short is the weakness of present stage electric motor car, and industry generally believes before high energy battery enters commercialization,
By increasing number of batteries, to promote the mileages of continuation of electric motor car unrealistic, therefore at present automobile market main flow be development oil,
Electricity double source hybrid vehicle, its design philosophy is: use the power of motor when vehicle starting or low speed, automobile reaches
It is transformed to use the power of internal combustion engine during certain speed threshold, thus reduces automobile when starting or low speed because fuel oil exists
The exhaust pollution that combustion in IC engine not exclusively causes;Its technical foundation architectural feature is: fuel tank is to explosive motor
System provides fuel output power;The parallel motor increasing a set of electrical connection set of cells on the basis of this traditional design
System, motor is provided electric energy output power by set of cells;Two-way power is shared by oil, electric power conversion device
Machine driven system, is delivered to the power of internal combustion engine or motor on wheel hub, and the design of this kind of double-source dynamic can claim
Be oil, electric power parallel system, its distinct disadvantage is that manufacturing cost is high.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention, is to overcome the defect of the internal structure of existing electronic DC motor for vehicles, it is provided that one
Kind of the internal structure being different from traditional design, changes into a kind of non-energized side by power supply modulator simultaneously by unidirectional current
To the sequential electric current power supply plan of checker, simple in construction, torque is big, and technique easily realizes.
The type permanent magnetic electric device of a kind of electric motor car that the present invention provides, described electric device includes power supply modulator 1, drives
Dynamic actuation means 9a, determine body 5 and turn 6;Described turning is an annular machinery circle with rotary shaft, on it
Interval arranges at least 4 PM rotor unit 3b, and all rotor unit 3b are around the magnetic pole side arranged that turns
To identical;Described to determine body be a mechanical disk with fixing axle, on it at least provided with a stator unit 3a also
Being arranged close to the position turned, stator unit is not more than 40mm with the periodicity of rotor unit relative to air gap 3d;
Described determine body and described turn coaxial 7 arrange;
Described power supply modulator 1 includes power input 1a, sequential current output terminal 1b and driving signal input
1d, the both positive and negative polarity of power input electrical connection set of cells 8, the inside of sequential current output terminal electrical connection stator unit
Winding, driving signal input electrical connection drives actuation means 9a;Described power supply modulator to stator unit 3a inside
Winding power makes the electromagnetic pole direction that stator unit is formed, and is set to and described rotor unit 3b motion magnetic in opposite directions
The most contrary;Power supply modulator, by driving actuation means to obtain the instruction of user corresponding output timing electric current, makes electricity
Dynamic device realizes driving.
Preferably, the rated power of described power supply modulator is less than 22kW.
Described stator unit 3a/ rotor unit 3b can relatively determine body 5/ turn 6 position replace design each other, join
Close relevant apparatus design and also can obtain motorized effect.
Preferably, described in turn and 6 outside install deceleration/torque changing apparatus 2 additional, described deceleration/torque changing apparatus includes some teeth
Wheel combination, its drive input and mechanical attachment of turning, transmission output and the rotary apparatus machine outside electric device
Tool is connected;Deceleration/torque changing apparatus is independently arranged, or is arranged at, with integrated coaxial 7 of turning, the outside turned.
Described rotor unit 3b be arranged at turn include on 6 being embedded in turn outer rim, inner edge, turn inside or with
Turn integrated design manufacture, do not affect be installed on turn on the premise of do not limit shape;Rotor unit is on turning
Set-up mode, overlap with the coaxial normal 10 turned/vertical 4 kinds of typical combination states including N/S the two poles of the earth line,
And line deflection in N/S the two poles of the earth is less than 15 degree on the basis of 4 kinds of typical combination states;Some rotor units are turning
Perfectly even arrange when installing in body interval.The material of rotor unit is a class people in the art such as magnet steel, neodymium iron boron
The known permanent magnet of member, himself intrinsic magnetic and pole orientation do not change because of external magnetic field.
Preferably, described stator unit 3a is formed around the magnetic core of magnetic media material by the good conductor loop of least one set, in it
Portion's coil windings can arbitrarily connect by series, parallel, or by draw between different windings centre tap composition multi-thread outside
Take back road;Externally the mode of electrical connection can be two lines or the loop of multi-thread composition.
Described stator unit is arranged to be determined on body 5, and several stator units are around core arrangement combination, windings in series
Or be connected in parallel, it then follows move with rotor unit 3b the contrary basic principle of magnetic pole in opposite directions in electromagnetic pole direction, with inside
It is preferred that the magnetic flux of winding energising is obtained across air gap 3d maximum;Stator unit in the setting determined on body, including
Electromagnetic pole the two poles of the earth line 12 that internal winding energising is formed is vertical with the normal 10 of wheel/and overlap 4 kinds of typical combination shapes
State, the two poles of the earth line 12 including electromagnetic pole deflects less than 15 degree of angles.
Preferably, described electric device also includes that sensing device, described sensing device include that some energy sensings are described and turn
Subelement and stator unit are relative to the sensing unit 3c of position;Described sensing unit and the sensing of described power supply modulator
Signal input part 1c electrically connects;Described electric device at least interiorly or exteriorly arranges a sensing unit turn;
Preferably, described sensing device includes that the inside winding of stator unit, described internal winding include around stator
The winding of unit magnetic core and by the multi-thread external loop being in series between some stator unit windings.
Preferably, described electric device also includes electro-magnetic braking device 9b, and described power supply modulator 1 also includes braking
Signal input part 1e, it electrically connects electro-magnetic braking device;Described power supply modulator is obtained by electro-magnetic braking device and uses
The braking instruction at family corresponding output timing electric current, make described electric device realize braking.
In the present invention, described driving actuation means 9a may be configured as conventional rotating handles formula, plug-type stick or its
His any Artificial Control mode, including outside be set to remote control.
In the present invention, DC source is converted to sequential electric current by described power supply modulator, makes the stator in electric device
Unit is energized and power-off with being limited at the time domain periodic of power supply modulator setting.
Electric motor car containing any of the above-described electric device of the present invention, including vehicle frame 4, set of cells 8 and at least one
Wheel, described electric motor car is at least provided with a set of described electric device;Described set of cells includes disposable one
Primary cell 8a or can be repeated several times the secondary cell 8b that charging uses, or both combine setting.
The vehicle frame of described electric motor car is any;
The wheel of described electric motor car includes single-wheel hub and the quasi-single-wheel structure of coaxial two wheel hubs of compact installation.
Preferably, the combination of described one-shot battery 8a and secondary cell 8b arranges and includes electrically in parallel connection.
It is furthermore preferred that install electric energy supplementary device 18, described electric energy additional during described electric motor car configuration secondary battery 8b
Supplementary device includes material arbitrary one-shot battery 8a and controls device combination, or is that internal combustion engine generator controls with system
Device combines, or both combine setting;Electric energy supplementary device electrically connects secondary battery by logic charging device 17;
Described logic charging device is independently arranged, or its part logic function or whole logic function are integrated in power supply tune
In device 1 processed.Described increasing journey system includes electric energy supplementary device and logic charging device.
The control device of described one-shot battery 8a at least includes one-shot battery starter;Described internal combustion engine generator includes
Internal combustion engine and electromotor, described system control device at least includes internal combustion engine start and arresting stop;Described internal combustion engine
Fuel any;The combination of described electric energy supplementary device is arranged, including one-shot battery and control device, internal combustion generating
Machine is respectively arranged more than a set of with controlling device.Described logic charging device at least includes battery charge controller, its design
Also can have one-shot battery concurrently controls device or/and the function of circuit control device of electromotor.
The invention also discloses the driving method of a kind of aforementioned electric device, the method is passed through described by power supply modulator
The position relationship output timing electric current of rotor unit 3a and stator unit 3b controls electric device and rotates;
Described sequential defines according to turning direction of rotation, and described sequential electric current is being turned according to stator unit electromagnetic field
On useful effect interval combine turn on rotor unit number and several make and break periods T is set, each break-make week
Phase T includes power time domain and power-off time domain;Described power supply time domain is positioned at the 30 degree≤θ≤90 degree corresponding time period,
The dynamic angle that described θ is formed around the direction of electromagnetic field captivation suffered by axle Yu its normal component of force by rotor unit;
In described power-off time domain, power supply modulator 1 does not export electric current.
Preferably, the electric current of described power supply time domain not notch shape, frequency and dutycycle.
Preferably, described energising time domain T1The magnetic flux density of interior initial electric current, voltage or stator unit is by sensing dress
Put and obtain rotating speed instantaneous value of turning and combine and drive the instruction that provides of actuation means 9a to adjust.
Preferably, described method also includes aligning step;Described aligning step is by stator unit and rotor unit week
Phase property trapping gap relatively, the state (θ is 0) that is in same normal as benchmark coordinate and fiducial time, work as rotor
The each forward of unit is to reference seat timestamp, and power supply modulator carries out a time when returning 0 calibration and record this cycle
Between, by comparing cycle time to reference seat target with rotor unit forward last time, thus know swing circle of turning
Time, and control to export electric current.
The invention also discloses the braking method of described electric device, the method is according to described rotor unit convergence stator
Unit, rotor unit normal same with at stator unit relative (θ is 0) and being in away from least one of state
In time domain, make power supply modulator 1 output timing electric current control electric device by electro-magnetic braking device 9b and brake;
Described sequential defines according to turning direction of rotation;Described rotor unit convergence stator unit is 0≤θ≤30
Spend the corresponding time period, described θ be rotor unit on turning around electromagnetic field captivation suffered by axle and its normal component of force
The dynamic angle that formed of direction.
Preferably, described method also includes aligning step, and θ is 0 as benchmark coordinate and base by described aligning step
Between Zhun Shi, know rotor unit convergence/relatively/away from the location status of stator unit by sensing device.
Described power supply modulator electric device is driven energising and braking energising logical relation be set to or.
Preferably, described output electric current rate-determining steps includes:
1) when driving actuation means 9 to power supply modulator 1 without input instruction, power supply modulator dormancy;
2) when driving actuation means 9 to provide assisted instruction, power supply modulator 1 output timing electric current;
3) when electric device rotating speed or energising frequency reach the threshold value set, described power supply modulator power-off.
The invention also discloses a kind of of described electric motor car configuration secondary battery 8b and increase Cheng Fangfa, the method is electronic
Plant running needs continue electric energy supplement for secondary battery, or when secondary battery real-time voltage or remaining capacity
When value is less than set threshold values, enable electric energy supplementary device 18 for secondary battery electric energy supplement.
The present invention is directed to the design feature of described electric device, power supply modulator implanted the numerical control programming logic optimized,
It is allowed to realize efficient electricity-saving.Described electric device is applied to electric motor car can use one-shot battery or secondary cell, described
One-shot battery include the battery of all disposable electric discharges and various fuel cell, such as zinc-air battery, aluminum air
Battery and hydrogen converting electrical energy etc. can provide the device of disposable electric energy;After described secondary cell includes all electric discharges
Rechargeable battery, such as lithium battery, lead battery, metal hydrogen storage battery etc..In view of current electric motor car market
The energy storage density of institute's adapted secondary cell is relatively low, the present invention is directed to this state of the art and devises and be intended to secondary cell
The increasing journey system of electric energy supplement, effectively solves the known subject matter that full charge endurance of electromobile is short.
It is an advantage of the current invention that: electric device has the energy-saving effect that sequential power supply control brings, increasing journey system can
Effectively overcome the subject matter that full charge endurance of electromobile is short, the electric device simple in construction that is designed with this scheme,
Combination variation, low cost, effectively adapt to the design requirement of high-end energy-saving electric vehicle.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of traditional 4 pole permanent magnet brush direct current inner rotor motors.
Fig. 2 a is a kind of base structure schematic diagram of electric device motor body of the present invention.
Fig. 2 b is that PM rotor unit arranges schematic diagram at a kind of magnetic pole turned.
Fig. 2 c is that PM rotor unit arranges schematic diagram at the another kind of magnetic pole turned.
Fig. 3 a is that stator unit column type is set to the schematic diagram vertical with normal of turning around core.
Fig. 3 b is the schematic diagram that stator unit column type is set to around core overlap with normal of turning.
Fig. 3 c be stator unit matrix around core top just structural representation to rotating inner edge.
Fig. 4 a is the Directional Decomposition of electromagnetic force suffered by rotor unit and dynamic angle theta schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 b is the view that rotor unit and stator unit are in coaxial normal.
Fig. 5 a is the groundwork logical schematic of power supply modulator.
Fig. 5 b is the block combiner schematic diagram of a kind of digital technology logic realizing power supply modulator.
Fig. 5 c is the work-based logic schematic diagram that power supply modulator sets up electro-magnetic braking device input.
Fig. 6 is the time diagram that power supply modulator exports that electric current is periodicity break-make.
Fig. 7 a is a kind of partial structurtes schematic diagram of stator unit 8 rotor units of combination.
Fig. 7 b is that rotor counterclockwise rotates corresponding a kind of power on/off time domain schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 c is a kind of energising logical schematic of a corresponding stator unit 8 rotor units of combination.
Fig. 7 d is the corresponding a kind of power on/off time domain schematic diagram that turns clockwise of turning.
Fig. 8 a is a kind of partial structurtes schematic diagram of two stator unit 8 rotor units of combination.
Fig. 8 b is a kind of partial structurtes schematic diagram of 12 stator unit 12 rotor units of combination.
Fig. 9 a is to increase a kind of logic control constructs schematic diagram that secondary battery is charged by journey system.
Fig. 9 b is to increase the another kind of logic control constructs schematic diagram that secondary battery is charged by journey system.
Figure 10 a is a kind of partial structurtes schematic diagram that the present invention is applied to electric two-wheel vehicle.
Figure 10 b is a kind of partial structurtes schematic diagram that the present invention is applied to electro-tricycle.
Figure 10 c is a kind of partial structurtes schematic diagram that the present invention is applied to electric four-wheel vehicle.
Accompanying drawing identifies:
1, power supply modulator;1a, DC supply input;1b, sequential current output terminal;1c, induced signal are defeated
Enter end;1d, train signal input;1e, brake signal input;2, deceleration/torque changing apparatus;3a, stator
Unit;3b, rotor unit;3c, sensing unit;3d, air gap;4, vehicle frame;5, body is determined;6, turn;7、
Wheel shaft;8, set of cells;8b, secondary battery;9a, driving actuation means;9b, electro-magnetic braking device;10、
Coaxial normal;11, wheel tangent line;12, winding two extreme direction line;13, permanent magnet;14, interval;17、
Logic charging device;18, electric energy supplementary device;θ, electromagnetic force and the angle of its normal component of force.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in detail further with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The motor body base structure of electric device of the present invention as shown in Figure 2 a, the N/S of at least 4 rotor units
Pole ring around homopolarity of turning to setting, different from the scheme that routine techniques N/S magnetic pole is arranged alternately.Stator unit 3a
By good wire wounded core, described good wire generally uses copper material or copper-plated metal, and described magnetic core often uses
Rule magnetic media material, the one that such magnetizing mediums is known to the skilled person internal state under the action of a magnetic field is sent out
Changing also can produce the material of higher complementary field.
Seeing Fig. 2 b, 6 outer rims of turning arrange a rotor unit 3b, and S pole-face, in turning, determines body 5 near turning
The position of body arranges a stator unit 3a, and the air gap 3d that both move relative is sufficiently small, if stator unit leads to
The N pole-face of electricity to turning, then, during the stator unit that rotor unit convergence is energized, can be made by its electromagnetic attracting force
Turn accelerated motion;In another embodiment, the S polar motion stator unit in opposite directions of rotor unit, stator unit
Body direction of rotation is reversed corresponding thereto in the N pole of winding energising, and both magnetic action are similarly attracting, as shown in Figure 2 c;
This stator unit electromagnetic pole and the basic model that the setting of rotor unit attracting relation is electric device of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 4 a, during the stator unit that rotor unit is energized around axle convergence, suffered electromagnetic force F can be analyzed to method
Line 10 direction F10With tangent line 11 direction F11, wherein contributive around axle to rotor unit is F11, F and F10Side
To defining dynamic angle theta.Rotor unit stress is relevant in the interval turned to stator unit electromagnetic field effect, opposing connection
Core is column or I-shaped stator unit, and its electromagnetism line of force passes through the maximum interval, corresponding to electromagnetic pole two of air gap
The state of pole line 12 vertical to the corresponding normal 10 turned (parallel with corresponding tangent line 11), as shown in Figure 3 a;
Column or the I-shaped the two poles of the earth line that also may be configured as electromagnetic pole around core overlap to corresponding normal of turning, as shown in Figure 3 b,
This set-up mode is selected when being usually the combination arrangement of multiple stator unit.For matrix around core, its electromagnetic force is to rotor
The effect of unit is interval, is positioned at matrix in the range of core top is just to the two ends turned, as shown in Figure 3 c.
Enter the interval of stator unit electromagnetic field effect at rotor unit around axle, there are two electromagnetic force state particular points,
One is F and F11Overlap, show as F and overlap around axle tangential direction with rotor unit, with electromagnetic force state description
Effective stress of rotor unit is interval, is positioned at rotor unit and is in coaxial normal 10 (θ is 0 state) with stator unit
On the basis of, θ be (described ± to define according to the direction of rotation turned) in the interval, position of ± 90 degree;When θ is 90
Time, F11For maximum.Another electromagnetic force state particular point is F and F10Overlapping, θ is 0, F11It is 0, F10For
Maximum, now electromagnetic force to rotor unit around axle without contribution, as shown in Figure 4 b;F11And F10Be a pair this disappear that
Long kinematic variables, its theoretical strong and weak conversion with ∠ θ be 45 degree as separation, the status and appearance θ > 45 degree is
With around axle driving force F11Being main, the status and appearance θ < 45 degree is with normal direction brake force F10It is main.
The actuation techniques scheme of electric device of the present invention is: the time domain of corresponding 30 degree≤θ≤90 degree of power supply modulator supplies
Electricity, remaining time domain power-off;In this time domain, should select in 60 degree≤θ≤90 degree or 75 based on the design of economize on electricity
The time domain of degree≤θ≤90 degree is powered, and need to make full use of rotary inertia of turning and may select in 45 degree≤θ≤90 degree or 30
The time domain of degree≤θ≤90 degree is powered;Because 30 degree of states of θ < are with F10Being main, its power supply is without driving meaning;This driving
The break-make time domain of electric current as shown in Figure 6, wherein T1For conduction time, T2And T0It is power-off time, (T1+T2+T0)
Constitute Timing driver current cycle T.The braking technology scheme of electric device of the present invention is: power supply modulator is corresponding
T2And T0Part time domain or all time domain be set to power supply, described T2For rotor unit around axle convergence stator unit pair
Answer the time domain of 0 degree≤θ≤30 degree, described T0For rotor unit around axle away from the corresponding time domain of stator unit;In like manner,
30 degree of states of θ > are with considerable tangential electromagnetic force F11, unhelpful to electric device braking.
Above-mentioned power supply modulator, according to the control of ∠ θ dynamically corresponding switching electricity, can approximate transform be relative time control,
Because power supply modulator is easily sentenced by timing alignment and is known that θ is from 90 degree to 0 degree, i.e. (T1+T2) time period,
As long as setting T1With T2Relative time, be i.e. equivalent to the switching electric control to θ corresponding state;Such as control θ
The time domain energising of corresponding 90 degree to 45 degree, can briefly be set in (T1+T2) time period initiate 1/2 time domain energising,
1/2 time domain power-off afterwards;In like manner, when the time domain controlling corresponding 30 degree to 0 degree of θ is energized, can briefly be set in
(T1+T2) time period initiate 2/3 time domain power-off, 1/3 time domain energising afterwards;(T1+T2) time period is one
The amount relevant to rotating speed of turning, to judge that the real-time status of θ has deviation in speed change state cycle time, this deviation
Depending on power supply modulator is that 0 degree of state carries out correcting in time in next cycle time calibration at θ.
θ is the magnetic interaction hidden variable of a rotor unit and stator unit relative motion, when inner stator unit of turning
After (the including combination) scheme that arranges determines, corresponding θ is that the aobvious state position of 90 degree is determined simultaneously, its exact position
Be one to radian of turning, air-gap separation, stator unit around the relevant value of the parameters such as core shape and arrangement thereof, have many
Planting theoretical model, specific design should be through test inhabitant area.Power supply modulator exports driving or the work of stalling current accordingly
Logic can be controlled circuit by ordinary tap and realize, it is possible to use CPU programming to combine power model group circuit realiration, or
The special chip using large scale integrated circuit technology to manufacture realizes.
Fig. 7 a is the partial structurtes schematic diagram of stator unit 8 rotor units of combination, and stator unit is turning one
Individual swing circle π respectively with 8 rotor unit generation magnetic action, the theoretical sequential electric current that power supply modulator is corresponding is drawn
It is divided into 8 (T1+T2+T0) cycle, Fig. 7 b denotes a kind of T that sets and rotates as π/8 and rotor counterclockwise
The T that direction is corresponding1、T2And T0Schematic frequency domain, Fig. 7 c is the energising logical schematic of one of them cycle T.
Rotor unit not arranges The more the better, and it is effective that its number n on turning is limited to suffered stator unit electromagnetic force
The interval corresponding space occupy-place of effect, otherwise the sequential current cycle of power supply modulator correspondence output can overlap.
Power supply modulator starts the moment powered and set electric current sequential directly defines direction of rotation of turning, when
It is that-90 degree are arranged (herein to the state interval that θ is-30 degree that the corresponding described rotor unit of sequential electric current is positioned at θ
-value interval with θ be 0, the most aforementioned power supply time domain respective rotor unit be positioned at θ to be 90 degree to be 30 degree to θ
Interval is set and relatively defines), then turn and be rotated clockwise accordingly, Fig. 7 d denotes a kind of structure and figure
7b is similar with the corresponding T in direction that turns clockwise that turns1、T2And T0The signal region of sequential.
As shown in Figure 8 a, determine body and two stator unit 3a be set, turn on 8 rotor unit 3b are set, turn
In body swing circle, power supply modulator to provide 8 cycles for (T for two stator units respectively1+T2+T0)
Sequential electric current;The most preferable 8 stator units combine 10 rotor units, 12 stator unit combinations 12
Individual rotor unit (as shown in Figure 8 b), etc..In theory when the combination of H stator unit Yu n rotor unit,
If power supply modulator is to H the discrete power supply of stator unit winding, need n*H (T of correspondence design1+T2+T0)
Electric current sequential, programming is by sufficiently complex;Therefore during the utility system at multiple stator unit 3a designs, preferably H
The electrically coupled in series combination of stator unit winding, or H stator unit winding be divided into some groups of external power supply manipulators;Such as
The windings in series of 12 stator units, draws tap totally three line external electric connection of power supply modulation in the middle of every 4 windings
Device, is technically also with the difference of the differetial-potential that these three lines compare two-by-two, as a kind of rotor unit with fixed
The signal source that subelement differentiates relative to position, substitutes the sensing unit being independently arranged.
Power supply modulator can realize by ordinary tap circuit design or pulse digit technology, the fundamental functional modules of the latter
Generally comprise power converting circuit, interior storage has microprocessor and the signal input and output circuit of working procedure, can lead to
Cross sensing unit 3c feedback signal and correspondingly control to drive the sequential electric current of module output;The basic work of power supply modulator
Making logic such as Fig. 5 a to show, Fig. 5 b is a kind of block combiner schematic diagram realizing digital technology logic.
The work-based logic transformation directive signal of power supply modulator is typically from being connected in the sensing list turned interiorly or exteriorly
Unit obtains, and sensing unit is not limited to use magnetoelectric induction winding or Hall element, it is possible to use photoelectric encoder etc.,
When rotor unit is around axle 7 cycle movement, sensing unit can obtain the rate of change of electric current (voltage) and feed back to electricity
Modulator of source, power supply modulator is sentenced according to this induced signal and is known that the relative position of rotor unit 3b sends electricity accordingly
Stream sequential.According to the operating accuracy of sensing unit 3c and reliability requirement, sensing unit can be in inside or outer of turning
Portion arranges one or several, is even deformed into and becomes multi-thread circuit feedback from above-mentioned multiple stator unit windings in series
Mode and use stator unit 3a Double-wire ring around winding feedback mode obtain work-based logic transformation directive signal,
Now the induced signal input 1c of power supply modulator is the most built-in.
In sum, described power supply modulator is a logic power switching system, and sequential power cycles/frequency is anti-
Having reflected the unit interval inner stator unit 3a effect number of times to rotor unit 3b, this time sequence frequency remote definition turns
Energising amplitude or electromagnetic force needed for the rotating speed of body and stator unit (come from the power supply modulator winding to stator unit
Energising), energising amplitude is the biggest, and the energising of unit interval inner stator unit is the biggest to the active force of rotor unit, effect time
Number is the most, and its result is that the rotating speed turned is the fastest.The time sequence frequency of the exported electric current of power supply modulator, with rotation of turning
Turn cycle implicit (T1+T2+T0) sequential effect number of times, energising mean intensity and the rotating speed turned be phase
The most corresponding all physical quantity relations, when after many entrance logic working states that imposes a condition of power supply modulator, control
The frequency of sequential energising namely controls the rotating speed of electric device.The rotating speed of this Artificial Control electric device is logical
The input 1d of actuation means 9a electric connection of power supply manipulator of overdriving realizes.
Drive the rheostat that traditional product is a deformation design or the potentiometer of actuation means 9a, be often typically designed as
Rule rotating handles formula, many foundation reaches its maturity at special actuation means photosensitive, that Hall controls technical foundation in recent years,
Also may be designed as plug-type stick or the control mode of some constant speed gears, including remote control.
When electric device needs to set up electromagnetic force braking function, the brake signal input that power supply modulator is set up accordingly
End 1e electrically connects with electro-magnetic braking device 9b, as shown in Figure 5 c;The function of electro-magnetic braking device is controllable power
The braking energising intensity that manipulator is exported, braking electrical current is the biggest, and electromagnetic braking effect is the best.
Electric device of the present invention start time have a kind of special state, when rotor unit just at stator unit trapping
When gap is in same normal 10, θ is 0, stall easily occurs.As non-cooperation electric motor car is designed as power-assist starting,
Can be to the static startup program of power supply modulator respective design electric device;Described electric device static state starts program
One simple example is power supply modulator to be set in the case of time maximum can not get sensing device feedback signal,
Send the starting current in opposite direction with normal drive current in real time, make to turn at least one rotor unit upper by same
Polar repulsion and deviate the state that θ is 0, it is to avoid electric device start the most smoothly.
Stator unit interior arranges main points turning, be intended to make rotor unit in Periodic Rotating formed effectively
The relative air gap 3d of magnetic action occurs, and this air gap is that stator unit leads to the energy of rotor unit transmission electromagnetic force
Road, air gap is the least more is conducive to magnetic energy effect to transmit, but the too small easy generation Mechanical Contact of air gap, need to combine during design
Close rigidity and the machining accuracy holding material.
When the optimum speed/torque of electric device needs add-on device to adjust, can install additional by some outside 6 turning
Deceleration/the torque changing apparatus 2 of gear combination, deceleration/torque changing apparatus can reach change machine by the combination of some gears
The rotating speed of tool drive input or the technical goal of change torque, the design of deceleration/torque changing apparatus is more, preferably
It is coaxially disposed in outside of turning with turning;Deceleration/torque changing apparatus both can be independently arranged, it is also possible to outside implementation of turning
Integration global design;Even it is deformed into and outside rotary apparatus disjunctor design;But in outside non-coaxial setting of turning
During deceleration/torque changing apparatus, generally need to configure suspension, damping spring etc. and adjust center of gravity, not preferred scheme.
Existing market main flow electric motor car is configuration secondary cell, and owing to the specific energy of secondary cell is low, lead battery is general
Being only 40VAh/Kg, lithium battery is generally 120VAh/Kg, and the course continuation mileage joining car owes ideal;One-shot battery
Advantage is that self discharge is little, specific energy is high, and the specific energy of the aluminium-air cell that Recent experimental room makes reaches
More than 8000VAh/Kg, but this kind of metal electrode one-shot battery is generally with the defect that internal resistance is big, though its specific energy is high
But large current discharging capability is the strongest, although its following application prospect is had an optimistic view of by industry, but present stage still difficult satisfied electricity
The motor-car electric device demand to discharge performance, more sane technical scheme is to use as auxiliary electric energy.
Electric motor car of the present invention, preferably in the technical foundation of configuration secondary cell, increases and arranges electric energy supplementary device
18 and logic charging device 17, the usage of trade is referred to as increasing journey system;The major function of described logic charging device is
The real-time status of monitoring secondary battery 8b, and be secondary battery electric energy supplement under the work-based logic set, as
Shown in Fig. 9 a;The real-time status of described secondary battery at least includes real-time voltage or remaining capacity, and such as certain is electronic
The nominal operating voltage of the lead battery of car is 48V, and its normal working voltage interval is 42.0V to 53.2V, when
When setting the supplementary electric threshold voltage of lead battery as 47V, as long as logic charging device monitors the real-time of set of cells
Voltage drops to 47V, and i.e. starting electric energy supplementary device is that secondary battery supplements electricity.Described logic charging monitoring and
The function that DC charging controls, it is also possible to partly or entirely migrating to power supply modulator and realize, shown in Fig. 9 b is one
Kind by power supply modulator monitoring secondary battery real-time voltage and control recharge logic, DC charging function is filled by logic
The base structure schematic diagram that electric installation completes.The electric energy supplementary device of described increasing journey system, can be that material is arbitrary
One-shot battery and DC charging control device and combine, for example with aluminium-air cell.
Electric energy supplementary device can also combine for fuel tank, internal combustion engine, electromotor and fairing, such dress
Putting combination and be relative maturity technology, described fuel includes but not limited to methanol, ethanol, gasoline, diesel oil, sky
Combustion gas, gaseous state or liquified hydrogen etc.;Known in the industry, an important feature of internal combustion engine is the shape when low speed or speed change
State burning is insufficient, but operating mode is the most more satisfactory, due to this under constant speed invariable power state especially at a high speed
The increasing journey systemic-function of bright electric motor car is only for secondary battery electric energy supplement, and internal combustion engine may be provided at invariable power operating mode,
Even if the energy source of electric energy supplementary device is to use automotive fuel, the burning and exhausting of fuel is the lowest.
Two class electric energy supplementary devices of described increasing journey system, can be combined in electric motor car design and use.
Preference described in this specification is only to be recommended, and some technical schemes can partly use, it is possible to adds or combines
And use other mature technologies, and as long as according to the magnetic current energy feature of electric device, can by power supply modulator is designed
The sequential electric current accurately controlled, can realize the basic fundamental target of the present invention program.
The professional person relatively understood electric motor car and motor technology in depth, is not difficult in scheme of the present invention
On the basis of, ground deformation implementation present invention of drawing inferences about other cases from one instance.Such as on the basis of the existing pulse direct-current motor in market,
The present invention is partly implemented in change and the conversion of controller current sequence by sensing mode.Of the present invention electronic
The base structure of device, the electric current sequential control method of power supply modulator, electric energy additional project and derivative technology thereof
Deformation implementation, all should be put into protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1,
A kind of electric device and supporting electric two-wheel vehicle thereof, the motor body of electric device is arranged in trailing wheel, its
As shown in Figure 10 a, wheel circumference is 1000mm to the partial structurtes of vehicle frame 4, and set of cells 8 selects 24V12Ah
Ferric phosphate lithium cell, is arranged on the inside of vehicle frame.The body 5 of determining of electric device is designed as the disk of dead axle in addition, fixed
The outside mechanical parameter of axle is with reference to the design data of conventional electric two-wheel vehicle wheel shaft, and is used for replacing conventional two wheeler wheel shaft
And install;Turning of electric device 6 utilizes one to have rotary shaft, the Crossed Circle titanium of inner edge Zhou Changwei 500mm
Aluminium alloy circle (usage of trade general designation wheel hub), can be sleeved on disk determine the outside of body with determining body concentric;Fixed at disk
Body installs a stator unit 3a near the position of wheel hub inner edge.
The rotating inner edge of wheel hub form arranges 8 PM rotor unit, and its two poles of the earth line is parallel with the tangent line turned,
S pole-face is to counter clockwise direction (ahead running wheel direction of rotation) as shown in Figure 2 c;Rotor unit is processed into box-like little list
Unit, a length of 1.8mm, width and thickness take maximum in the case of not affecting installation, snugly fit into and turn
Inner edge;Stator unit 3a selects channel magnet around core, and winding is by the copper cash cincture of a diameter 0.55mm
Spill magnetic core 50 circle forms, Installation features: body determined by the disk that stator unit is arranged close to rotating inner edge 5mm
Position, captive screw fixes, and spill is turned circular arc around the arc correspondence of core and installed, top just to rotating inner edge (as
Shown in Fig. 3 c), two ends correspondence is turned 32 degree of mechanical angles of occupy-place.
Setting electric device and join the car i.e. 5.6m/s of maximum speed per hour 20km/h (5.6 turns/s), meter is picked up the car, and wheel is corresponding to be revolved
Turning cycle time is 180ms;Because stator unit is in one swing circle of wheel and 8 rotor unit generation electromagnetic forces
Effect, (the T that power supply modulator is powered1+T2+T0) timing cycles minima T is 180/8 i.e. 22.5ms, if
Meter overload power 500W, sets sequential T1: (T2+T0) it is 1:5;Maximum is recorded when rated voltage 24V
The current intensity of speed is 11A, and this current intensity is one and combines electricity according to complete vehicle weight, the specified body weight of driver
Move device design the value through test inhabitant area.The power input 1a of power supply modulator electrically connects the positive and negative of set of cells 8
Pole, the coil windings of Timing driver current output terminal 1b electrical connection stator unit, induced signal input 1c is electrically connected
Connect sensing unit 3c, train signal input 1d electrical connection and drive actuation means 9a, the internal winding of stator unit
Energising direction, is set to N pole clockwise direction (inverse wheel direction of rotation) as shown in Figure 2 c.Sensing unit 3c
Selecting a conventional magnetoelectric induction winding, captive screw is connected in the position near rotating inner edge.
The rotating potentiometer of the driving actuation means 9a stepless variable resistance of employing that electric device is external, Conventional hand grips formula,
By the Aided design with electronic control circuit, the electric current of power supply modulator output can be controlled in real time by changing resistance
Intensity, thus control the normal speed of electric two-wheel vehicle.The conventional use of illuminating lamp of electric two-wheel vehicle, turning/braking
The control unit of the power on/off manipulations such as signal lights, sound ring, all uses commercial products supporting.
Power supply modulator uses pulse digit technology to realize, and its nucleus module includes conventional CPU and a design power
The driving module of 500W, as shown in Figure 5 b, wherein impulse transfer modulate circuit is the completeest for its refinement work-based logic
Becoming pulse signal is converted to step signal, pulse signal generator mainly produces required pulse signal, secondly
Through peaker output spike pulse, it is then passed through amplitude limiter circuit and the negative half period of spike is filtered, be only just left
Semiaxis spike, is integrated adding up with the integrating circuit of integrated transporting discharging composition, adds voltage comparator and control
Circuit, just constitutes complete step pulse signal, each element of circuit is carried out parameter adjustment, thus obtains
Meet the step signal of work-based logic requirement.Power supply modulator is at T1In energising sequential, by control chip (CPU)
Driving module is made to produce the pulse current that a series of amplitudes are successively decreased, pulse frequency 30KHz with sequential.
The work-based logic of power supply modulator is: relative with stator unit 3a and rotor unit 3b periodically trapping gap 3d,
The state being in same normal 10 (θ is 0) is designated as benchmark coordinate and fiducial time, as manpower assistant or driving behaviour
Control device 9a provides driving signal and sensing unit 3c perception rotor unit 3b is 90 degree around axle forward to θ
(respective rotor unit enters the spill initial time that trapping gap is relative in the range of core two ends, and fine values is with reality in position
Test and be as the criterion) moment, power supply modulator start output T1Electric current is 6A, T1With (T2+T0) ratio is 1:5
Switching electricity sequential;When rotor unit is every time around axle to reference seat timestamp, power supply modulator carries out a time and returns 0
Calibrate and record this cycle time, by comparing cycle time around to reference seat target last time with rotor unit, obtain
Know the instantaneous value of this cycle time, and further work logic is judged: if driving actuation means without defeated
Enter instruction, power supply modulator dormancy;If the instruction driving actuation means to provide is to accelerate, then power supply modulator exists
Next cycle correspondence θ is the moment of 90 degree of positions, performs T1With (T2+T0) ratio be 1:5 switching electricity
Sequential, the mean intensity of energising is by driving actuation means to provide in real time;If power supply modulator output electric current maintains
Close to the state of 11A, the logic of above-mentioned setting is by more and more higher for the sequential energising frequency making power supply modulator, corresponding
In wheel each cycle, the electromagnetic force number of times of rotor unit 3b is got more and more by stator unit 3a, and speed is increasingly
Hurry up;When sequential energising frequency higher than set 1/22.5ms or power supply modulator continuous 5s output electric current at 11A
State time, the unconditional power-off of power supply modulator and reach the design object of automatic speed-limiting.
The electric device of two wheeler trailing wheel it is arranged in, it is also possible to be arranged on single block described in the present embodiment, or configuration
At two wheeler or the front-wheel of tricycle, and configure at the front and rear wheel of two wheeler simultaneously.
Embodiment 2,
Electric device described in embodiment 1 is arranged on the front-wheel of tricycle, the partial structurtes of vehicle frame 4 such as Figure 10 b
Shown in;Wheel is similar with embodiment 1 with the design and installation method of girth, stator unit and the rotor unit turned,
Set of cells 8 selects 48V100Ah plumbic acid colloid battery, is arranged on the battery case of frame interior.
Turn 6 outside increase arrange one by the deceleration/torque changing apparatus 2 of some gear combination, its with turn with
Axle center is installed, and as shown in the front-wheel of Figure 10 b tricycle, the speed reducing ratio of deceleration/torque changing apparatus is 10:1;Slow down/become
The drive input of moment device and mechanical attachment of turning, be provided with some mechanical holes, one end of some spokes outside it
Perforation is fixing, and the other end is connected the wheel hub inner edge of front-wheel, makes electric device realize the transmission to front-wheel.
Electric device joins the car i.e. 5.6m/s of maximum speed per hour 20km/h (5.6 turns/s), and meter is picked up the car and taken turns corresponding revolution
Time phase is 180ms;6 speed limits passing through deceleration/torque changing apparatus 2 correspondence of turning of electric device are 56 turns/s,
(the T that electric device is powered by corresponding spin cycle time 18ms, i.e. power supply modulator1+T2+T0) sequential week
Phase minima T is 18ms, (the T that power supply modulator is powered1+T2+T0) timing cycles minima T is 18/8 i.e.
2.25ms, designs overload power 1500W, sets sequential T1: (T2+T0) it is all 1:5.
Pulse digit technical scheme and embodiment 1 that power supply modulator uses are similar, and work-based logic is adjusted to: when right
When stator unit winding starts energising, in 4s on the basis of 6A, corresponding wheel swing circle is in every next week
Phase strengthens the electric current sequential of 10% output intensity automatically, from the further work of the actuation means to be driven such as 5s is initial
Instruction: if driving actuation means 9a without input instruction, power supply modulator 1 dormancy;If driving actuation means to give
The instruction gone out is to accelerate, then power supply modulator is when next cycle starts energising, performs T1With (T2+T0)
Ratio is the electric current sequential of 1:5, and the mean intensity of energising is by driving actuation means to provide in real time.
Electric device described in the present embodiment, can install a set of by corresponding each wheel, it is possible to a corresponding wheel is installed
Two sets even more overlaps electric device.
Embodiment 3,
Electric device described in embodiment 1 is set up electromagnetic force braking function.
Electro-magnetic braking device 9b is ten grades of rheostats, and power supply modulator increases a brake signal input accordingly
1e electrically connects electro-magnetic braking device 9b, as shown in Figure 5 c;When Artificial Control electro-magnetic braking device sends brake signal
Time, power supply modulator cuts off T1The electric current of corresponding sequential, starts T2Time domain is energized, and braking energising time domain is set as passing
Sense unit 3c perception rotor unit 3b around axle to θ be 30 degree to the time period that θ is 0 position.
The stalling current that power supply modulator is exported, ten grades of resistance shelves of corresponding electro-magnetic braking device 9b are set to ten grades strong
Degree, sets export current intensity as: chopped-off head 5A, final stage 12A, ten grades of electric currents are averagely arranged.
Embodiment 4,
The brake logic of embodiment 3 electric device is optimized for further: power supply modulator starts T2Time domain energising
Meanwhile, by T0The work-based logic of part time domain synchronizes to be transformed to energising, this T0The numerical value of part time domain and (T1+T2)
Equal, T0Energising Startup time is 0 beginning timing with θ;Power supply modulator is at this T0The electricity that part time domain is exported
Intensity of flow and T2Time domain is identical.The present embodiment has been greatly reinforced the braking effect of electromagnetic braking.
The braking energising of stator unit winding is added the present embodiment rotor unit and stator unit is in away from state
Time domain, this two section break energising time domain can also corresponding cycle sequential T and be briefly set as: at (T1+T2+T0)
In sequential, initial 1/3 time domain power-off, 2/3 time domain reads aloud electricity afterwards.
Previous embodiment 3 brake time domain θ be 30 degree to the time period that θ is 0 position, it is also possible to changing to θ is 15
Degree is to the time period that θ is 0 position.
Embodiment 5,
Electric motor car described in embodiment 1 is installed additional increasing journey system.
Described increasing journey system with methanol generator system for electric energy supplementary device 18, generator system by methanol fuel tank,
Methanol internal combustion engine, electromotor and fairing combine;The logic charging device 17 increasing journey system is main by battery
The functional module institutes such as group real-time voltage monitoring modular, constant voltage current limit charging module and work-based logic control module
Composition, work-based logic is: when the real-time voltage monitoring set of cells drops to 23V, automatically starts methanol generating
Machine system is ferric phosphate lithium cell group 8b electric energy supplement, and its charging working method is that constant voltage 28.2V limits maximum
Electric current 4A, is automatically stopped charging when charging current is less than 0.5A.
Embodiment 6,
Crossbeam two ends are coaxially respectively mounted the electric devices of two wheels, and each wheel each arranges a set of electromechanical device,
The electromechanical device of two wheels shares a power supply modulator;The underlying parameter of electric device sets with reference to embodiment 2
Meter and adjust, wheel circumference is 1500mm, and each turning 6 is one and has rotary shaft, Zhou Changwei 500mm
Annular alloy steel ring, inner homogeneous compartment of terrain is fitted together to 8 PM rotor unit 3b, the S of 8 rotor units
Extremely all just to the axle turned, 8 average settings in rotor unit interval, its partial structurtes are as shown in Figure 7a;Stator
The coil windings of unit 3a is adjusted to 60 circles, and the turn mechanical angle of occupy-place of correspondence is 40 degree, with rotating inner edge spacing
6mm;Deceleration/torque changing apparatus 2 and coaxial integrated design and installation of turning, speed reducing ratio is 9:1.
Electric device is designed as joining car speed limit 20Km/h i.e. 5.6m/s (3.7 turns/s), turns and fills through deceleration/bending moment
The speed limit putting correspondence is 33.3 turns/s, and it is 30ms that meter takes its speed limit spin cycle time, is arranged on inside of turning
Stator unit 3a in swing circle of turning, there are electromagnetic forces, i.e. speed limit with 8 rotor unit 3b respectively
The cycle time of value correspondence is 3.75ms;Power supply modulator is set to Fig. 2 b to the energising direction of stator unit winding
Shown reverses body direction of rotation, the driving power supply timing (T to electric device around core N pole1+T2+T0) it is set as:
(T1: T2: T0) it is energising time domain T that 0.5:1.375:1.875, i.e. speed limit are corresponding1For 0.5ms, its
(the T of remaining 3.25ms2+T0) time domain is off-position;Power supply modulator selects large scale digital logic switch collection
Become circuit realiration, design maximum overload capacity 1500W.
The method of the thermoacoustic prime engine logical AND embodiment 1 that power supply modulator sets is similar, by period regulation record
Sequential energising frequency, would know that real-time speed, and when sequential energising frequency, higher than 1/3.75ms, (correspondence is turned rotating speed 33.3
Turn/s) time, the unconditional power-off of power supply modulator and reach the design object of automatic speed-limiting.
In the present embodiment, drive power supply time domain T1Also may be defined as θ being 90 degree is 30 degree of corresponding time periods to θ,
Briefly it is set as: at (T1+T2+T0) in sequential, initial 1/3 time domain energising, 2/3 time domain power-off afterwards.
The present embodiment, can be at the most parallel two wheeler, three-wheel in the technical scheme of crossbeam two ends configuration electric device
The trailing wheel of car and the front-wheel of carriage, trailing wheel are implemented;There is differential during this technical scheme turning driving, should set especially
Meter speed limit, or by differential program built-in to power supply modulator, make turning driving more stable.
Embodiment 7,
On the basis of embodiment 6, often the stator unit 3a in set electromechanical device sets up is two, and alloy is turned
It is fitted together to 8 average PM rotor unit 3b arranged in interval in inside with integrated forming technique, rotor unit
S is extremely all just to the axle turned, as shown in Figure 2 a.Two stator units change cylinder, umber of turn into around core
It is all 60 circles, cylindrical vertical, as shown in Figure 3 a with corresponding normal 10 of turning around core two ends during installation;Two
Stator unit is arranged on the center of 6 internal plane normal of turning, determines body annular position near rotating inner edge 5mm,
Technology requires that the mechanical spacing adjoining rotor unit 3b with direction of rotation is identical, and the winding of two stator units is electrically coupled in series
Connect, common 8 rotor unit generation electromagnetic forces equally distributed with it in swing circle of turning.
In the present embodiment, the driving of power supply modulator is powered, and to be defined as θ from 90 degree to θ be 60 degree of position phases to time domain
The time period answered, it was 0 position corresponding time period that braking power supply time domain is defined as θ from 25 degree to θ.
The mechanical layout of two stator unit 3a in the present embodiment, it is also possible to change in inside of turning monosymmetric
Determining body region to install, the winding of two stator units is electrically connected in series, and electromagnetic pole direction is identical.
Embodiment 8,
In embodiment 1 spill around core top just in the design basis of the inner edge turned, spill is inverse around the top of core
Direction of rotation of turning deflection 5 degree angles, PM rotor unit 3b clockwise body direction of rotation deflection 5 degree of angles, remaining and
Embodiment 1 is similar.The present embodiment, because forming the deflection angle of electromagnetic field after stator unit 3a internal winding energising, more accords with
Closing rotor unit around the most attracting dynamic model of axle and stator unit, effect is better than embodiment 1.
Additionally can the sensing unit 3c described in embodiment 1 be changed on the vehicle frame being located at front-wheel, faced by the front-wheel cycle
The annular region any part of sensing unit 3c, arranges one piece of permanent magnet specially, makes the sensing of sensing unit around association
Rotating with wheel and periodically obtain induced signal, acquired implementation result is similar with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 9,
The electric device that a kind of quasi-single-wheel structure electric is automobile-used, electric device internal structure is similar with embodiment 8;Institute
Stating quasi-single-wheel structure is two wheel hubs of coaxial compact installation, the motor body part of electric device be located at two wheel hubs it
Between;Turning and 6 outside arrange two deceleration/torque changing apparatus 2 being coaxial therewith, speed reducing ratio is 12:1;Each deceleration/
The outside of torque changing apparatus is provided with the business of some power transmission muscle, outside its one end is by machinery and deceleration/torque changing apparatus 2
Portion is connected, and the other end is connected the inner edge of two wheel hubs, makes electric device realize the machine driving of alignment single-wheel.This reality
Execute the driving of example and power that to be defined as θ from 90 degree to θ be 70 degree of position corresponding time periods to time domain, during braking power supply
It was 0 corresponding time period that territory is defined as θ from 20 degree to θ, drove actuation means 9a to be set to remote control.
Structure described in the present embodiment also can be taken turns above electric motor car at one and be implemented, and makes electric running effect more stable.
Embodiment 10,
The stator unit of embodiment 1 is changed into two-wire wounded core, and one of them winding is by a diameter 0.55mm
Copper cash around spill magnetic core 50 circle form, for power current supply circuit, electric connection of power supply manipulator 1;Another
Winding loop is formed around spill magnetic core 18 circle by the copper cash of a diameter 0.20mm, is used as what replacement was independently arranged
Sensing unit 3c, as the differentiation signal source of the adjoint position of rotation of turning of rotor unit 3b.
Embodiment 11,
Being arranged on the electric device of two front-wheels of carriage shown in Figure 10 c, the body of determining of electric device is connected with fixing axle,
The 6 wheel hub inner edges passing through deceleration/torque changing apparatus 2 and wheel of turning of electric device are connected;Determine body 5 inside and arrange 12
Individual stator unit 3a, stator unit is I-shaped around core, and umber of turn 65 encloses, during installation, I-shaped around core two
End line overlaps with corresponding normal 10 of turning, and is uniformly distributed at the annular position near rotating inner edge 5mm;
Titanium-aluminium alloy is turned and 6 is fitted together to 12 spaced PM rotor unit 3b in inside with integrated forming technique,
As shown in Figure 8 b, its N is extremely all just to the axle 7 turned.
The winding of 12 stator units is electrically connected in series, and draws tap, externally in the middle of the winding of every 4 stator units
Form 3 lines and form electric external loop (being similar to the Δ shape connection of the internal winding of conventional motors), in rotation of turning
12 rotor unit generation electromagnetic forces equally distributed with it in cycle;The electric connection mode pair of power supply modulator
Three wire circuit should be designed as, its time sequential pulse electric current mean allocation in each loop that three lines are constituted exported accordingly;
Power supply modulator is set to reverse body direction of rotation around core S pole to the energising direction of stator unit winding;The present embodiment
Can further with the external biphase feedback of stator unit 3a winding to compare differetial-potential two-by-two poor, as interior position
Put the signal source of differentiation, substitute the sensing unit being independently arranged.
Described in the present embodiment, the set of cells of electric device configuration carriage selects 48V100Ah zinc-nickel cell 8b, electronic
The method that the driving of device, brake control mode are arranged at inside of turning with stator former unit is similar, drives power supply
It is 75 degree of position corresponding time periods that time domain is defined as θ from 90 degree to θ, is briefly set as: at (T1+T2+T0)
In sequential, initial 1/12 time domain energising, 11/12 time domain power-off afterwards.Braking power supply time domain is briefly set as:
(T1+T2+T0) in sequential, initial 5/12 time domain power-off, afterwards 7/12 time domain energising.
The reversing of carriage described in the present embodiment, by power supply modulator to electric device against depending on wheel direction of rotation
Justice to stator unit winding start power supply moment and electric current sequential, sequential current start corresponding to θ be-90 spend extremely
θ be the intervals of-30 degree arrange (θ described herein-value interval, be using state that θ is 0 as benchmark
Rotor unit is also defined relative to position with the inside of stator unit by coordinate according to aforementioned wheel direction of rotation).
Electric device described in the present embodiment both can hub-type electric car corresponding at least one take turns setting, it is possible to coordinate
Wheel hub in the electric motor car of central power formula or double source automobile is installed, and makes electric device of the present invention become auxiliary
Power driven system, electric motor car or the energy of double source automobile are saved in multipath ground.
Carriage described in the present embodiment also can install increasing journey system further additional, and electric energy supplementary device 18 is selected
48V1000Ah aluminum air one-shot battery system;The working method of electric energy supplementary device is set to when carriage starts same
Step work, and in electric device runs, set of cells floating charging, logic charging device 17 are designed as constant voltage
54V, the working method of restriction maximum charging current 20A;The present embodiment exists when turning driving because of two front-wheels
Differential, arranges speed limit differential program built-in to power supply modulator, makes turning driving more stable.
Embodiment 12,
On the basis of the electric device of embodiment 11, increase journey system to electric four-wheel vehicle design is double.
Described double electric energy supplementary device 18 increasing journey system (is included that aluminum is empty by aluminum air one-shot battery system 18a respectively
Pneumoelectric pond and control system thereof) and internal-combustion engine generator system 18b (include fuel tank, internal combustion engine, electromotor and
Fairing and control system thereof) combine;The functional module of the logic charging device 17 of double increasing journey systems includes
Charging module and control module, charging module is provided with two-way input, is electrically connected aluminum air battery system 18a
Electric energy output end and electrical connection internal-combustion engine generator system 18b electric energy output end;The charging of logic charging device 17
Module outfan electrical connection secondary battery 8b, its work starts and is passed through by the control module of logic charging device 17
Electric connection of power supply manipulator 1 realizes logic control.
Logic charging device 17 programming Control by power supply modulator 1, it is achieved real-time to secondary battery 8b
The monitoring of voltage/remaining capacity and charging control function;When double increasing journey systems are secondary battery electric energy supplement, preferentially
Enabling internal-combustion engine generator system 18b, the fuel that internal-combustion engine generator system uses is any;When internal-combustion engine generator system not
When can work, continuing to enable aluminum air battery system 18a is secondary battery electric energy supplement.
Above example is only in order to illustrate technical scheme and unrestricted, although with reference to embodiment to the present invention
It is described in detail, it will be understood by those within the art that, technical scheme has been modified
Or equivalent, without departure from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should contain the power in the present invention
In the middle of profit claimed range.
Claims (13)
1. the type permanent magnetic electric device of an electric motor car, it is characterised in that described electric device includes power supply modulator
(1), drive actuation means (9a), determine body (5) and turn (6);Described turning is one and has rotary shaft
Annular machinery circle, on it, interval arranges at least 4 PM rotor unit (3b), and all rotor units (3b)
Around turning, the pole orientation arranged is identical;Described to determine body be a mechanical disk with fixing axle, on it at least
One stator unit (3a) is set and is arranged close to the position turned, stator unit and the periodicity of rotor unit
Air gap (3d) relatively is not more than 40mm;Described determine body and described turn coaxial (7) arrange;
Described power supply modulator (1) includes power input (1a), sequential current output terminal (1b) and drives letter
Number input (1d), the both positive and negative polarity of power input electrical connection set of cells (8), sequential current output terminal electrically connects
The inside winding of stator unit, driving signal input electrical connection drives actuation means (9a);Described power supply modulator
The electromagnetic pole direction that winding power internal to stator unit (3a) makes stator unit be formed, is set to and described turn
Subelement (3b) motion magnetic pole in opposite directions is contrary;Power supply modulator obtains the instruction of user by driving actuation means
And corresponding output timing electric current, make described electric device realize driving.
Electric device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in (6) outside installing additional of turning subtract
Speed/torque changing apparatus (2);Described deceleration/torque changing apparatus includes some gear combination, and its drive input is turned with described
Mechanical attachment, transmission output and the rotary apparatus mechanical attachment outside described electric device;Described deceleration/bending moment dress
Put and be independently arranged, or be arranged at, with integrated coaxial of turning (7), the outside turned.
Electric device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described stator unit (3a) is by least
One group of good conductor loop forms around the magnetic core of magnetic media material, between its several winding of obtaining of combination by series connection or
It is connected in parallel, or forms multi-thread external loop by drawing centre tap between different windings.
Electric device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described electric device also includes sensing dress
Putting, described sensing device includes that some energy sense described rotor unit (3b) and stator unit (3a) relative position
Sensing unit (3c);Described sensing unit electrically connects with the transducing signal input (1c) of described power supply modulator;
Described electric device at least interiorly or exteriorly arranges a sensing unit turn.
Electric device the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described sensing device also includes stator list
The inside winding of unit (3a), described internal winding includes around the winding of stator unit magnetic core and by some stators
The multi-thread external loop being in series between unit winding.
Electric device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described electric device also includes electromagnetic system
Dynamic device (9b), described power supply modulator also includes brake signal input (1e), its electrical connection electromagnetic braking dress
Put;Described power supply modulator obtains the braking instruction of user corresponding output timing electric current by electro-magnetic braking device,
Described electric device is made to realize braking.
7. an electric motor car, it is characterised in that it contains the electric device as described in any one of claim 1~6,
Described electric motor car includes vehicle frame (4), set of cells (8) and at least one wheel, and described electric motor car is at least provided with a set of
Described electric device;Described set of cells includes disposable one-shot battery (8a) or can be repeated several times charging
The secondary cell (8b) used, or both combine setting.
Electric motor car the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described electric motor car configuration secondary battery (8b)
Time install electric energy supplementary device (18) additional, described electric energy supplementary device include the arbitrary one-shot battery of material (8a) with control
Device processed combines, or is that internal combustion engine generator combines with system control device, or both combine setting;Electric energy supplements dress
Put and electrically connect secondary battery by logic charging device (17);Described logic charging device is independently arranged, or
Its part logic function or whole logic function are integrated in power supply modulator (1).
9. driving method based on the arbitrary electric device of claim 1~6, the method is passed through institute by power supply modulator
The position relationship output timing electric current stating rotor unit (3b) and stator unit (3a) controls electric device rotation;
Described sequential defines according to turning direction of rotation, and described sequential electric current is being turned according to stator unit electromagnetic field
On useful effect interval combine turn on rotor unit number and several make and break periods T is set, each break-make week
Phase includes power time domain and power-off time domain;Described power supply time domain is positioned at 30 degree≤θ≤90 degree corresponding time period, institute
State the dynamic angle that θ is formed around the direction of electromagnetic force suffered by axle Yu its normal component of force by rotor unit;Described power-off
In time domain, power supply modulator (1) does not export electric current.
Method the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that electric current initial in described energising time domain,
The magnetic flux density of voltage or stator unit (3a) is obtained rotating speed instantaneous value of turning and combines driving manipulation dress by sensing device
Put instruction that (9a) provide and adjust.
11. methods according to claim 9, it is characterised in that described method also includes aligning step;Institute
State aligning step be using state that relative for coaxial normal at rotor unit and stator unit, θ are 0 as benchmark coordinate and
Fiducial time, when each forward of rotor unit to reference seat timestamp, power supply modulator (1) carries out a time and returns 0
Calibrate and record this cycle time, by comparing cycle time to reference seat target with rotor unit forward last time,
Thus know the spin cycle time turned, and control to export electric current.
12. braking methods based on the arbitrary electric device of claim 1~6, the method is at described rotor unit convergence
Stator unit, rotor unit normal coaxial with at stator unit be relative and rotor unit and stator unit be in away from
In at least one time domain of state, output timing electric current controls electric device braking;
Described rotor unit convergence stator unit is the 0≤θ≤30 degree corresponding time periods, described θ be rotor unit around
The dynamic angle that the direction of electromagnetic force suffered by axle and its normal component of force is formed.
13. increasing Cheng Fangfa based on electric motor car described in claim 7 or 8, the method is at the electric device of electric motor car
Operation needs continue electric energy supplement for secondary battery (8b), or work as real-time voltage or the remaining of secondary battery
When capability value is less than set threshold values, enabling electric energy supplementary device (18) is secondary battery electric energy supplement.
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Effective date of registration: 20170524 Address after: 523000, Guangdong City, Dongguan province hi tech Development Zone Songshan Lake creative living city exhibition trade center A District 102 Applicant after: Guangdong Power Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 310013 Xihu District, Zhejiang, Wensanlu Road, No. 459, Applicant before: Liu Yuerong Applicant before: Zhu Wen |
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