CN105977919A - 一种短路保护设计方法 - Google Patents

一种短路保护设计方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105977919A
CN105977919A CN201610431473.6A CN201610431473A CN105977919A CN 105977919 A CN105977919 A CN 105977919A CN 201610431473 A CN201610431473 A CN 201610431473A CN 105977919 A CN105977919 A CN 105977919A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
short
circuit
output voltage
protection
outfan
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Pending
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CN201610431473.6A
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English (en)
Inventor
戴晓龙
耿士华
徐成焱
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Shandong Chaoyue Numerical Control Electronics Co Ltd
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Shandong Chaoyue Numerical Control Electronics Co Ltd
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Application filed by Shandong Chaoyue Numerical Control Electronics Co Ltd filed Critical Shandong Chaoyue Numerical Control Electronics Co Ltd
Priority to CN201610431473.6A priority Critical patent/CN105977919A/zh
Publication of CN105977919A publication Critical patent/CN105977919A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/1213—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for DC-DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H02H3/087—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current for dc applications
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种短路保护设计方法，涉及电路短路保护技术领域，本发明在BOOST电路的母线中串入一开关MOS管，此MOS管受输出电压变化的控制，执行保护功能；在输出端发生短路导致输出电压较大跌落时，关闭MOS管Q3，断开输入。以输出电压的变化为条件来控制保护MOS的通断具有很好的实时性和较高的精确度。

Description

一种短路保护设计方法
技术领域
本发明涉及电路短路保护技术，提出针对BOOST升压电路的一种短路保护设计方法。
背景技术
BOOST电路是一种DC-DC升压电路，用于需要将直流低压转化为直流高压的场合。目前主流的BOOST电路都是异步升压，即由一颗功率开关管和一颗二极管执行脉宽调制和整流过程。使用两颗开关管的同步BOOST电路应用相对较少。由于异步BOOST电路母线上串接的是升压电感和整流二极管，没有可控开关器件，因此，当输出端发生短路故障时，即便是关断其开关管，输出端仍然通过电感和二极管连接着输入，只不过其电压比输入端低了一个电感直流压降加一个二极管正向导通压降，没有起到保护的作用。因此，BOOST电路的短路保护功能通常需要单独设计来实现。
为应对异步BOOST电路的输出短路故障，有的设计中会在输入端或输出端串入可恢复保险丝，以在输出端发生短路时通过高阻在一定程度上断开输入。这种方法设计简单、经济实惠，但是，可恢复保险丝实际上就是一种正温度系数的热敏电阻，正常工作时会产生很大的损耗，不适合较大功率的场合，而且，单靠可恢复保险丝执行保护，可控性很差。
发明内容
本发明针对BOOST升压电路短路保护的问题，提出了一种短路保护设计方法。由于BOOST电路的母线上只有电感和二极管，而没有开关器件，当输出端发生短路故障时，不能方便地断开输入与输出的连接。因此，BOOST电路的短路保护功能通常需要单独设计。本发明在BOOST电路中增加了可由输出电压的变化控制通断的保护MOS，实现了一种可自恢复式的短路保护功能。
本发明的技术方案是：
一种短路保护设计方法，
在BOOST电路的母线中串入一开关MOS管，此MOS管受输出电压变化的控制，执行保护功能；在输出端发生短路导致输出电压较大跌落时，关闭MOS管Q3，断开输入。
由于BOOST电路的输出电流比输入电流要小，将保护MOS置于电路的输出端。以降低损耗、减少发热，同时也能更快地响应输出短路故障的发生。
本发明在BOOST电路的母线中串入一颗开关MOS管，并为其增加简单的控制电路，使其通断状态受控于输出电压的变化。由于当输出端发生短路故障时，首先引发的就是输出电压的突然跌落，因此，以输出电压的变化为条件来控制保护MOS的通断具有很好的实时性和较高的精确度。并且，这种设计在故障断开、输出电压恢复后可以自动恢复导通，是一种可自恢复式的短路保护电路。
附图说明
图1是本发明的电路示意图。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的内容进行更加详细的阐述：
如图，在BOOST电路工作正常时，Vp电压正常，二极管D3阴极电位为高，三极管Q2导通，PNP型保护MOS管Q3的栅极电平为低，Q3处于饱和导通状态，BOOST电路对外输出电压和电流。如果BOOST电路的输出端发生短路，电压Vp会急剧下降，导致二极管D3阴极的电压降低，直至关闭Q2。此时Q3栅极电平变高，关断Q3，隔断外部短路，使BOOST电路和负载都受到及时的保护，避免损坏。其中，二极管D2是齐纳二极管，可根据需要选择合适的压降值，由此可控制保护MOS响应过流时输出电压Vo的跌落值，从而控制保护电路响应过流故障的敏感度。调整R1和R2的阻值，亦可起到同样的效果。R3和R4的阻值也应合适地选取，以使Q3能正确地导通和关断。
待Q3关断将输出短路故障隔断后，如果BOOST电路本身是正常的，Vp点电压会很快恢复，此时，Q2恢复导通，Q3也导通。如果此时输出端短路故障已解除，BOOST电路就正常工作，为负载供电；如果短路故障仍旧存在，Vp点电压会再次被拉低，Q3再次关断，如此反复。因此，此保护电路实现的是一种可自恢复式的短路保护功能。

Claims (3)

1.一种短路保护设计方法，其特征在于，在BOOST电路的母线中串入一开关MOS管，此MOS管受输出电压变化的控制，执行保护功能；在输出端发生短路导致输出电压较大跌落时，关闭MOS管Q3，断开输入。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，由于BOOST电路的输出电流比输入电流要小，将保护MOS置于电路的输出端。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，在故障断开、输出电压恢复后可以自动恢复导通。
CN201610431473.6A 2016-06-17 2016-06-17 一种短路保护设计方法 Pending CN105977919A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113178846A (zh) * 2021-06-15 2021-07-27 阳光电源股份有限公司 一种升压变换器及升压系统

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102157919A (zh) * 2010-02-12 2011-08-17 硕颉科技股份有限公司 升压型电源转换装置
CN202009225U (zh) * 2011-03-09 2011-10-12 深圳创维数字技术股份有限公司 一种升压dc-dc的短路保护电路
CN105449642A (zh) * 2015-12-30 2016-03-30 广州金升阳科技有限公司 一种Boost电路的保护方法及电路

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102157919A (zh) * 2010-02-12 2011-08-17 硕颉科技股份有限公司 升压型电源转换装置
CN202009225U (zh) * 2011-03-09 2011-10-12 深圳创维数字技术股份有限公司 一种升压dc-dc的短路保护电路
CN105449642A (zh) * 2015-12-30 2016-03-30 广州金升阳科技有限公司 一种Boost电路的保护方法及电路

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113178846A (zh) * 2021-06-15 2021-07-27 阳光电源股份有限公司 一种升压变换器及升压系统

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Application publication date: 20160928