CN105970211A - Multifunctional spray head for laser cladding and application method thereof - Google Patents
Multifunctional spray head for laser cladding and application method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105970211A CN105970211A CN201610531713.XA CN201610531713A CN105970211A CN 105970211 A CN105970211 A CN 105970211A CN 201610531713 A CN201610531713 A CN 201610531713A CN 105970211 A CN105970211 A CN 105970211A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a multifunctional spray head for laser cladding and an application method thereof. The multifunctional spray head comprises a spray head body and a control system. A first channel is vertically formed in the center of the spray head body in a through manner. The spray head body is further provided with second channels, a third channel and a fourth channel, wherein the second channels communicate with a powder adding device, the third channel communicates with a protective gas supplying device, and the bottom of the first channel, the bottoms of the second channels and the bottom of the third channel communicate with one another, so that the fourth channel is formed. The spray head body is further provided with side-direction annular channels provided with locking devices. The control system comprises an industrial personal computer of additive manufacturing forming equipment or laser cladding coating equipment. The multifunctional spray head has the beneficial effects that the structural design is reasonable, functions are diversified, the requirement that the powder feeding process is flexible can be met, the multifunctional spray head can be controlled to change constituents of conveyed powder in different time, and gradient materials can be manufactured in a layered manner; the amount of the conveyed powder can be changed at the set time for different areas, and high control precision is achieved; and the size of a needed molten pool can be changed according to parameter setting, and thus the settling structure and performance of the powder can be changed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to and increase material and manufacture the device technique field that former and laser cladding coating equipment match, especially one
Plant the multifunctional nozzle for laser melting coating and using method thereof.
Background technology
Laser melting and coating technique is a kind of important method of material surface modifying technology, and it is to utilize high energy laser beam in material matrix
Surface irradiation, by fusing rapidly, extension and quick solidification, cladding in its surface a layer can improve the material of serviceability,
Thus constitute a kind of new composite, to make up performance lacking in matrix.Manufacture in forming technique increasing material, owing to being logical
Crossing Laser Clad Deposition and directly produce formation of parts, therefore relevant technology requires higher.During laser melting coating, need
Carrying and melt powder, the most conventional powder feeding and cladding apparatus include coaxial powder-feeding or lateral powder feeding；The spray of coaxial powder-feeding
Head exists: (1) metal dust can not send into laser molten pool exactly, and the utilization rate of metal dust is low；(2) distance is being met
During powder feeding, metal dust is easily dispelled under bigger load powder gas pressure；(3) accumulated powder easily occurs at powder feeding mouth, cause
Powder feeding is uneven；(4) structure is complicated, operation inconvenience etc..The shower nozzle of lateral powder feeding exists: (1) line construction is complicated, laterally
Powder-supplying spray head plant failure rate is high；(2) the many employings of the protective gas of shower nozzle are around the outer layer protection device of metal or alloy powder,
Cannot ensure that the cladding layer after solidification is not oxidized；(3) lack protection gas tail and blow function.But, in practical operation, typically
Powder feeding and cladding shower nozzle function more single, be difficult to meet complicated powder feeding technique, particularly high accuracy, high-quality shaping zero
Part, changes the composition of cladding layer with needing subregion timesharing, and the technology for shower nozzle requires higher.Powder feeding and cladding shower nozzle conduct
One of core key part of laser melting coating, proposes a kind of reasonable in design and has multi-functional shower nozzle and have important research
With application value.
Summary of the invention
For laser melting coating nozzle component above shortcomings in prior art, it is an object of the invention to: provide one to be used for
The multifunctional nozzle of laser melting coating and using method thereof, it has reasonable in design, diverse in function, it is possible to meet powder feeding process
Having the feature of flexibility, separated regions time-division transfer changes the composition of conveying powder, it is achieved functionally gradient material (FGM) Layered manufacturing；Can divide
Region timing changes the quantity of conveying powder, it is achieved relatively high control precision；The size in required molten bath according to setting, can be changed, from
And change its advantage such as deposition fabric and performance.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that realization:
A kind of multifunctional nozzle for laser melting coating, described multifunctional nozzle includes head body and control system, wherein, institute
State head body central authorities and be provided through first passage up and down；The bottom of this first passage is funnel type；First passage and laser instrument
Transmitting terminal or optical fiber be connected；Being provided with adjustable focus-variable lens and protection eyeglass in first passage, adjustable focus-variable lens is arranged on
The top of first passage, protection eyeglass is arranged on the middle part of first passage, and this is adjustable, and focus-variable lens includes focusing lens and regulation group
Part, this adjusting part includes tooth plate and driving means, the institute that the gear being arranged on first passage medial wall is meshed with gear
The actuator stating focusing lens and protection eyeglass is installed on tooth plate, and driving means is also connected with tooth plate；Described head body
It is additionally provided with the third channel that the second channel being connected with powder adding set is connected with protective gas feeder；Second
The quantity of passage is at least 2, and to regulate and control the composition of powder, they need to be symmetrically disposed in the side of head body；The first,
Two, three-channel bottom is interconnected formation fourth lane, and this fourth lane will focus on laser beam, powder stream and protective gas stream
Cause the end of shower nozzle；The lateral annular channel with blocking device it is additionally provided with, this lateral annular channel in described head body
It is connected with meal outlet；Second channel and third channel are spiral type；Control system manufactures equipment or laser cladding coating with increasing material
The industrial computer of equipment is connected, and this industrial computer is connected with described blocking device, for controlling the folding of lateral annular channel；Work
Control machine also controls to be connected with driving means, for regulating focusing lens position in first passage.
As the further optimization of technique scheme, the quantity of described multifunctional nozzle is at least 2, and each multi-functional
The axes intersect of shower nozzle is arranged on industry control platform；Described driving means is motor and hydraulic pressure or air pressure telescopic link.
As the further optimization of technique scheme, in described first passage, it is provided with adjustable focus-variable lens and protection eyeglass control
Device processed；It is provided with at least two powder mass flow on described second channel and controls device, conveying powder can be changed by time-division transfer
Composition, it is achieved functionally gradient material (FGM) Layered manufacturing；It is provided with shield gas flow rate on described third channel and controls device；Wherein,
Powder mass flow controls device and includes that two or more fan shape baffle and actuator thereof, fan shape baffle actuator include elastic top
Bar and the flexible adjustment assembly with regulation elastic push rod elastic force；Being arranged near second channel powdering inlet, fan shape baffle drives
Moving part drives the middle part of fan shape baffle to adjust powder mass flow respectively；The shield gas flow rate of third channel controls device and also includes setting
Put the flow valve at protective gas air inlet；The fourth lane front end of described multifunctional nozzle is additionally provided with temperature control and regulation device,
The control and regulation of this temperature and device can change the size in required molten bath, thus change its deposition fabric and performance.
As the further optimization of technique scheme, described multifunctional nozzle being additionally provided with auxiliary feeding head, industrial computer is with auxiliary
Help feeding head to be connected at times and regulate powder sending quantity.
As the further optimization of technique scheme, outside described head body, it is additionally provided with laser radiation cylinder；Described multi-functional
Arrangement for adjusting height and level(l)ing device, described arrangement for adjusting height and level(l)ing device it is additionally provided with all and industry control on shower nozzle
Machine is connected；Described arrangement for adjusting height includes electric drive twist-type telescopic bar；Described level(l)ing device includes being arranged on work
Transmission band transverse-moving mechanism on platform.
As the further optimization of technique scheme, the quantity of the powdering inlet end of described second channel is at least 1, each
Powdering inlet end is respectively connected with corresponding powder and adds box, and industrial computer adds box with each corresponding powder respectively and is connected, and is used for
Select to control powder and add the powder sending quantity of box.
The above-mentioned using method for the multifunctional nozzle of laser melting coating of the present invention comprises the steps:
1) according to the needs of different laser melting coating regions automatic powder feeding system, industrial computer controls the blocking device folding of lateral annular channel,
Select to use coaxial powder-feeding or lateral powder feeding or the combination of two kinds of automatic powder feeding systems；
2) according to needs and the needs of powder sending quantity of different laser melting coating region powder feeding compositions, industrial computer controls to be arranged on second channel
The powder type of powdering inlet end powder adding set and powder sending quantity, time-division transfer changes the conveying capacity of dusty material and realizes gradient
The layering processing of material；
3) according to the design requirement of bath temperature, industrial computer controls adjustable focus-variable lens position in first passage, changes laser
The focal length of bundle, moreover it is possible to control to adjust device by the temperature of fourth lane front end, change the size in required molten bath；
4) according to above-mentioned steps 1)-3), complete laser melting coating and successively process.
Compared with nozzle component of the prior art, the present invention is used to have for multifunctional nozzle and the using method thereof of laser melting coating
Have the following advantages:
(1) newly set up the control program of lateral annulus on powder feeder, multifunctional nozzle can be made to have based on coaxial powder-feeding,
It is auxiliary function with lateral powder feeding；
(2) by means of the auxiliary feeding head being arranged on multifunctional nozzle, the composition carrying powder can be changed by time-division transfer, real
The control program of existing functionally gradient material (FGM) Layered manufacturing；
(3) separated regions timing changes the quantity of conveying powder, the control program of the accurate accessory device controlling powder sending quantity:
(4) set up the control program of adjustable focus-variable lens, and the temperature control equipment in fourth lane, can reach to change not
Metallographic structure with region.
(5) can also powder feeding cladding shower nozzle be applied to other laser surface modifications, laser quickly becomes second nature, damaged part reparation by this
Deng in laser process equipment, have the advantages that the suitability is wide.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is used for the structural representation of the multifunctional nozzle of laser melting coating for the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
1 couple of present invention makees for multifunctional nozzle concrete structure and the using method thereof of laser melting coating with specifically below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
Bright.
A kind of multifunctional nozzle for laser melting coating, described multifunctional nozzle includes head body and control system, wherein, institute
State head body central authorities and be provided through first passage 1 up and down；The bottom of this first passage is funnel type；First passage and laser
Transmitting terminal or the optical fiber of device are connected；Being provided with adjustable focus-variable lens and protection eyeglass in first passage, adjustable focus-variable lens is arranged
On the top of first passage, protection eyeglass is arranged on the middle part of first passage, and this is adjustable, and focus-variable lens includes focusing lens and regulation
Assembly, this adjusting part includes tooth plate and the driving means that the gear being arranged on first passage medial wall is meshed with gear,
The actuator of described focusing lens and protection eyeglass is installed on tooth plate, and driving means is also connected with tooth plate；Described shower nozzle is originally
Body is additionally provided with the third channel 3 that the second channel 2 being connected with powder adding set is connected with protective gas feeder；
The quantity of second channel is at least 2, and to regulate and control the composition of powder, they need to be symmetrically disposed in the side of head body；The
One, two, three-channel bottom be interconnected formation fourth lane 4, this fourth lane will focus on laser beam, powder stream and protection
Gas stream causes the end of shower nozzle；Being additionally provided with the lateral annular channel 5 with blocking device in described head body, this is lateral
Annular channel is connected with meal outlet 6；Second channel and third channel are spiral type；Control system manufactures equipment with increasing material or swashs
The industrial computer of light cladding coating equipment is connected, and this industrial computer and described blocking device control to be connected, is used for controlling lateral ring-type lead to
The folding in road；Industrial computer also controls to be connected with driving means, for regulating focusing lens position in first passage.Described many
The quantity of multifunctional spray head is at least 2, and the axes intersect of each multifunctional nozzle is arranged on industry control platform；Described driving
Device is motor and hydraulic pressure or air pressure telescopic link.Adjustable focus-variable lens and protection eyeglass control it is provided with in described first passage
Device processed；It is provided with at least two powder mass flow on described second channel and controls device, conveying powder can be changed by time-division transfer
Composition, it is achieved functionally gradient material (FGM) Layered manufacturing；It is provided with shield gas flow rate on described third channel and controls device；Wherein,
Powder mass flow controls device and includes that two or more fan shape baffle and actuator thereof, fan shape baffle actuator include elastic top
Bar and the flexible adjustment assembly with regulation elastic push rod elastic force；Being arranged near second channel powdering inlet, fan shape baffle drives
Moving part drives the middle part of fan shape baffle to adjust powder mass flow respectively；The shield gas flow rate of third channel controls device and also includes setting
Put the flow valve at protective gas air inlet；The fourth lane front end of described multifunctional nozzle is additionally provided with temperature control and regulation device,
The control and regulation of this temperature and device can change the size in required molten bath, thus change its deposition fabric and performance.Described multi-functional
Being additionally provided with auxiliary feeding head on shower nozzle, industrial computer is connected with auxiliary feeding head and regulates powder sending quantity at times.Described shower nozzle
Outer body is additionally provided with laser radiation cylinder；Arrangement for adjusting height and level(l)ing device it is additionally provided with on described multifunctional nozzle,
Described arrangement for adjusting height is all connected with industrial computer with level(l)ing device；Described arrangement for adjusting height includes that electric drive is spiral
Expansion link；Described level(l)ing device includes the transmission band transverse-moving mechanism arranged on the table.The powder of described second channel enters
The quantity of mouthful end is at least 1, and each powdering inlet end is respectively connected with corresponding powder and adds box, industrial computer respectively with each phase
The powder answered adds box and is connected, for selecting to control the powder sending quantity of powder interpolation box.
The above-mentioned using method for the multifunctional nozzle of laser melting coating of the present invention comprises the steps:
1) according to the needs of different laser melting coating regions automatic powder feeding system, industrial computer controls the blocking device folding of lateral annular channel,
Select to use coaxial powder-feeding or lateral powder feeding or the combination of two kinds of automatic powder feeding systems；
2) according to needs and the needs of powder sending quantity of different laser melting coating region powder feeding compositions, industrial computer controls to be arranged on second channel
The powder type of powdering inlet end powder adding set and powder sending quantity, time-division transfer changes the conveying capacity of dusty material and realizes gradient
The layering processing of material；
3) according to the design requirement of bath temperature, industrial computer controls adjustable focus-variable lens position in first passage, changes laser
The focal length of bundle, moreover it is possible to control to adjust device by the temperature of fourth lane front end, change the size in required molten bath；
4) according to above-mentioned steps 1)-3), complete laser melting coating and successively process.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is to be understood that for ease of those skilled in the art and apply the present invention.It is familiar with
These embodiments obviously easily can be made various amendment by the personnel of art technology, and should General Principle described herein
Use in other embodiments without through performing creative labour.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to embodiment here, this area skill
Art personnel should be at the protection model of the present invention according to the announcement of the present invention, the improvement made without departing from scope and amendment
Within enclosing.
Claims (7)
1. the multifunctional nozzle for laser melting coating, it is characterised in that: described multifunctional nozzle includes head body and control
System, wherein, described head body central authorities are provided through first passage (1) up and down；The bottom of this first passage is funnel type；
First passage is connected with transmitting terminal or the optical fiber of laser instrument；Adjustable focus-variable lens and protection eyeglass it is provided with in first passage, can
Focusing/zooming eyeglass is arranged on the top of first passage, and protection eyeglass is arranged on the middle part of first passage, and this is adjustable, and focus-variable lens includes
Focusing lens and adjusting part, this adjusting part includes the tooth that the gear being arranged on first passage medial wall is meshed with gear
Plate and driving means, the actuator of described focusing lens and protection eyeglass is installed on tooth plate, and driving means is also connected with tooth plate
Connect；Described head body is additionally provided with the second channel (2) and protective gas feeder phase being connected with powder adding set
The third channel (3) of connection；The quantity of second channel is at least 2, and to regulate and control the composition of powder, they need to be symmetrically arranged
Side in head body；The bottom of first, second and third passage is interconnected and forms fourth lane (4), and this fourth lane will be poly-
Burnt laser beam, powder stream and protective gas stream cause the end of shower nozzle；It is additionally provided with blocking device in described head body
Lateral annular channel (5), this lateral annular channel is connected with meal outlet (6)；Second channel and third channel are spiral type；
Control system is connected with the industrial computer increasing material manufacture former or laser cladding coating equipment, and this industrial computer fills with described locking
Put control to connect, for controlling the folding of lateral annular channel；Industrial computer also controls to be connected with driving means, is used for regulating focusing
Eyeglass position in first passage.
A kind of multifunctional nozzle for laser melting coating the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described multifunctional spraying
The quantity of head is at least 2, and the axes intersect of each multifunctional nozzle is arranged on industry control platform；Described driving means is
Motor and hydraulic pressure or air pressure telescopic link.
A kind of multifunctional nozzle for laser melting coating the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described first is led to
It is provided with adjustable focus-variable lens in road and protection eyeglass controls device；At least two powder mass flow it is provided with on described second channel
Control device, the composition carrying powder can be changed by time-division transfer, it is achieved functionally gradient material (FGM) Layered manufacturing；On described third channel
It is provided with shield gas flow rate and controls device；Wherein, powder mass flow control device include two or more fan shape baffle and
Its actuator, fan shape baffle actuator includes elastic push rod and the flexible adjustment assembly with regulation elastic push rod elastic force；Arrange
Near second channel powdering inlet, fan shape baffle actuator drives the middle part of fan shape baffle to adjust powder mass flow respectively；3rd
The shield gas flow rate of passage controls the flow valve that device also includes being arranged on protective gas air inlet；The of described multifunctional nozzle
Four-way front end is additionally provided with temperature control and regulation device, the control and regulation of this temperature and device can change the size in required molten bath,
Thus change its deposition fabric and performance.
A kind of multifunctional nozzle for laser melting coating the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described multifunctional spraying
Being additionally provided with auxiliary feeding head on Tou, industrial computer is connected with auxiliary feeding head and regulates powder sending quantity at times.
A kind of multifunctional nozzle for laser melting coating the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described head body
Outside is additionally provided with laser radiation cylinder；Arrangement for adjusting height and level(l)ing device it is additionally provided with on described multifunctional nozzle, described
Arrangement for adjusting height is all connected with industrial computer with level(l)ing device；Described arrangement for adjusting height includes electric drive twist-type telescopic
Bar；Described level(l)ing device includes the transmission band transverse-moving mechanism arranged on the table.
A kind of multifunctional nozzle for laser melting coating the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described second channel
The quantity of powdering inlet end be at least 1, each powdering inlet end is respectively connected with corresponding powder and adds box, and industrial computer is respectively
Add box with each corresponding powder to be connected, for selecting to control the powder sending quantity of powder interpolation box.
7. one kind according to a kind of multifunctional nozzle for laser melting coating described in claim any one of claim 1-6
Using method, this using method comprises the steps:
1) according to the needs of different laser melting coating regions automatic powder feeding system, industrial computer controls the blocking device folding of lateral annular channel,
Select to use coaxial powder-feeding or lateral powder feeding or the combination of two kinds of automatic powder feeding systems；
2) according to needs and the needs of powder sending quantity of different laser melting coating region powder feeding compositions, industrial computer controls to be arranged on second channel
The powder type of powdering inlet end powder adding set and powder sending quantity, time-division transfer changes the conveying capacity of dusty material and realizes gradient
The layering processing of material；
3) according to the design requirement of bath temperature, industrial computer controls adjustable focus-variable lens position in first passage, changes laser
The focal length of bundle, moreover it is possible to control to adjust device by the temperature of fourth lane front end, change the size in required molten bath；
4) according to above-mentioned steps 1)-3), complete laser melting coating and successively process.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610531713.XA CN105970211A (en) | 2016-07-07 | 2016-07-07 | Multifunctional spray head for laser cladding and application method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610531713.XA CN105970211A (en) | 2016-07-07 | 2016-07-07 | Multifunctional spray head for laser cladding and application method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN105970211A true CN105970211A (en) | 2016-09-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610531713.XA Pending CN105970211A (en) | 2016-07-07 | 2016-07-07 | Multifunctional spray head for laser cladding and application method thereof |
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| CN (1) | CN105970211A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113226627A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2021-08-06 | Addup公司 | Powder injection 3D printing head |
| CN113510250A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-10-19 | 苏州研拓自动化科技有限公司 | Multi-material high-precision high-speed material increasing and decreasing integrated intelligent manufacturing equipment |
| CN115194178A (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2022-10-18 | 中国矿业大学 | Coaxial powder feeding nozzle for laser direct forming of thin-wall part |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113226627A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2021-08-06 | Addup公司 | Powder injection 3D printing head |
| CN113510250A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-10-19 | 苏州研拓自动化科技有限公司 | Multi-material high-precision high-speed material increasing and decreasing integrated intelligent manufacturing equipment |
| CN113510250B (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2024-05-17 | 苏州研拓自动化科技有限公司 | Multi-material high-precision high-speed material increasing and decreasing integrated intelligent manufacturing equipment |
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| CN115194178B (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2024-06-11 | 中国矿业大学 | Coaxial powder feeding nozzle for laser direct forming of thin-wall part |
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| CB02 | Change of applicant information | ||
| CB02 | Change of applicant information |
Address after: 621000 Sichuan city of Mianyang province high tech Zone Puming South East No. 133 Applicant after: Sichuan Sanyang laser material manufacturing technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 621000 Sichuan city of Mianyang province high tech Zone Puming South East No. 133 Applicant before: Sichuan Yongnian Sanyang additive manufacturing technology Co. Ltd. |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20160928 |