CN105966420A - Rail wheel sensing device - Google Patents
Rail wheel sensing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105966420A CN105966420A CN201610417050.9A CN201610417050A CN105966420A CN 105966420 A CN105966420 A CN 105966420A CN 201610417050 A CN201610417050 A CN 201610417050A CN 105966420 A CN105966420 A CN 105966420A
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000002463 transducing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003079 width control Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 11
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 11
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009916 joint effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L1/00—Devices along the route controlled by interaction with the vehicle or train
- B61L1/02—Electric devices associated with track, e.g. rail contacts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L1/00—Devices along the route controlled by interaction with the vehicle or train
- B61L1/16—Devices for counting axles; Devices for counting vehicles
- B61L1/163—Detection devices
- B61L1/165—Electrical
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L1/00—Devices along the route controlled by interaction with the vehicle or train
- B61L1/16—Devices for counting axles; Devices for counting vehicles
- B61L1/167—Circuit details
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electronic Switches (AREA)
Abstract
A rail wheel sensing device comprises a wheel sensing unit, a first pulse interference filter unit and a second pulse interference filter unit. The wheel sensing unit comprises two magnetic head type wheel sensors, positive narrow pulse interference generated in the negative broad pulse period and negative narrow pulse interference generated in the positive broad pulse period, are filtered by the first pulse interference filter unit and the second pulse interference filter unit for a first input sensing signal and a second input sensing signal respectively, and the continuous shake narrow pulse interference signal is particularly filtered. The maximum width of positive narrow pulses needing to be filtered and the maximum width of negative narrow pulses needing to be filtered can be regulated by changing the charging time constant and the discharging time constant respectively. The rail wheel sensing device can be applied to the occasions where wheel detecting and axle counting are conducted on locomotives and trains on a rail.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the sensing detection device of a kind of rail transit vehicle, especially a kind of track wheel-sensors device.
Background technology
Track circuit rail level is because the impact of bad conducting objects causes track circuit shunting badness, train or locomotive to take track time control
The track relay making this track section can not be operating normally, and causes interlocking of signals to lose efficacy.When using axle count sensor scheme, machine
Tool sensor dependence spring controls the break-make of electrode contacts and produces the signal that train arrives, and easily generation contacts is bad and believes
Number shaking interference；The infrared ray of infrared sensor is easily blocked by dust and foreign material, and is easily produced interference arteries and veins by the interference of other illumination
Punching；Ultrasonic piezoelectric transducer due to must exposed outside, it is impossible to effectively protect, be simultaneously also vulnerable to construction worker etc.
The interference effect of other barriers, produces disturbing pulse；Eddy current coil sensing, magnetic head sensor sensing are easily subject to metal sundries
Impact, such as, when construction of railways personnel hold spade slip over magnetic head sensor time, easily to magnetic head differentiate interfere, output
Disturbing pulse.Above-mentioned various sensor is when wheel enters or exit detection interval, owing to vehicle is through the sensor shake caused
The reasons such as dynamic, wheel self vibration and sensor self contact chatter, will also result in transducing signal edge and produce Vibrating pulse.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve locomotive on existing track, train carry out wheel detection and problem existing for axle-counting device, the invention provides
A kind of track wheel-sensors device, filters single including wheel-sensors unit, the first impulse disturbances filter element, the second impulse disturbances
Unit.
Described wheel-sensors unit exports the first transducing signal and the second transducing signal；Described first transducing signal delivers to the first pulse
The pulse input end of interference filter element, the second transducing signal delivers to the pulse input end of the second impulse disturbances filter element；Described
The output pulse ends of the first impulse disturbances filter element exports the first axle-counting signal, the output pulse of the second impulse disturbances filter element
End output the second axle-counting signal.
Described first impulse disturbances filter element and the second impulse disturbances filter element are that the impulse disturbances that structural parameters are identical filters list
Unit.
Described impulse disturbances filter element includes quick discharging circuit, quick-charging circuit, electric capacity, Schmidt circuit；Described soon
The input of speed discharge circuit is input pulse, and outfan is connected to Schmidt circuit input；The input of described quick-charging circuit
For input pulse, outfan is connected to Schmidt circuit input；One end of described electric capacity is connected to Schmidt circuit input,
Other end be connected to impulse disturbances filter element publicly or power supply；The outfan of described Schmidt circuit is defeated
Go out pulse ends.
Described quick discharging circuit includes repid discharge diode, charging resistor, repid discharge switch；Described repid discharge two pole
Manage in parallel with charging resistor after, then with repid discharge switch connect；Described quick-charging circuit includes quick charge diode, puts
Electricity resistance, fast charge switch；After described quick charge diode is in parallel with discharge resistance, then connect with fast charge switch；
Unidirectional current on described repid discharge diode flows to as to flow to input from quick discharging circuit outfan；Described quick charge
Unidirectional current on diode flows to as to flow to outfan from quick charge diode input.
Described repid discharge switch, fast charge switch are by exporting Pulse Width Control, and concrete grammar is, when Schmidt circuit is homophase
During Schmidt circuit, the output low level control repid discharge switch connection of pulse, fast charge switch turn off, output pulse
High level controls repid discharge switch OFF, fast charge switch is connected；When Schmidt circuit is anti-phase Schmidt circuit, defeated
The high level going out pulse controls repid discharge switch connection, fast charge switch turns off, and the low level control of output pulse is quickly put
Electric switch turns off, fast charge switch is connected.
Described repid discharge switch and fast charge switch are numerically controlled multiway analog switch, or are Automatic level control
Bilateral analog switch.
The resistance value phase of described charging resistor and discharge resistance meanwhile, it is capable to the charging resistor cancelled in quick discharging circuit with quickly
Discharge resistance in charging circuit also replaces with the discharge and recharge resistance that resistance value is identical with charging resistor；Described discharge and recharge resistor coupled in parallel
At input pulse end and Schmidt circuit input.
The positive narrow pulse width that described impulse disturbances filter element can filter is by changing charge constant or Schmidt circuit
Upper limit threshold voltage be controlled, it is possible to the negative narrow pulse width of filtration by change discharge time constant or Schmidt electricity
The lower limit threshold voltage on road is controlled.
Described charge constant is the product of charging resistor and electric capacity；Described discharge time constant is discharge resistance and the taking advantage of of electric capacity
Long-pending.Or, described charge constant and discharge time constant are the product of discharge and recharge resistance and electric capacity.
Described Schmidt circuit has high input impedance charcteristic.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: described track wheel-sensors device allows width in the transducing signal that wheel-sensors unit exports
Pass through more than positive pulse and the undersuing of setting, it is possible to the positive burst pulse during broad pulse is born in automatic fitration, particularly can
Enough fast quick-recovery filter capacities filter continuous print positive narrow pulse interference signal, eliminate the rising edge shake of input pulse；Can be automatic
Filter the negative burst pulse during positive broad pulse, particularly can bear narrow pulse interference letter by quick-recovery filter capacity filtration continuous print soon
Number, eliminate the trailing edge shake of input pulse；Need the positive burst pulse filtered and negative burst pulse Breadth Maximum can be distributed by changing
Become charge constant and discharge time constant is adjusted.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is track wheel-sensors device example structure block diagram；
Fig. 2 is impulse disturbances filter element embodiment 1；
Fig. 3 is input pulse and the output pulse waveform of impulse disturbances filter element embodiment 1；
Fig. 4 is impulse disturbances filter element embodiment 2；
Fig. 5 is impulse disturbances filter element embodiment 3；
Fig. 6 is input pulse and the output pulse waveform of impulse disturbances filter element embodiment 3；
Fig. 7 is impulse disturbances filter element embodiment 4；
Fig. 8 is impulse disturbances filter element embodiment 5；
Fig. 9 is impulse disturbances filter element embodiment 6.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
It is illustrated in figure 1 track wheel-sensors device example structure block diagram, does including the 10, first pulse of wheel-sensors unit
Disturb filter element the 20, second impulse disturbances filter element 30.Wheel-sensors unit 10 includes two wheel detectors, point
Do not export the first transducing signal M1 and the second transducing signal N1；First impulse disturbances of delivering to first transducing signal M1 filters single
The pulse input end P1, the second transducing signal N1 of unit deliver to the pulse input end P1 of the second impulse disturbances filter element；First
Output pulse ends P2 of impulse disturbances filter element exports the first axle-counting signal M2, the output of the second impulse disturbances filter element
Pulse ends P2 exports the second axle-counting signal N2.
The wheel detector that wheel-sensors unit includes is mechanical pick-up device, infrared sensor, excess sound pressure electric transducer, eddy current
The various axle count sensors such as coil-induced sensor, magnetic head sensor.
First impulse disturbances filter element and the second impulse disturbances filter element are the impulse disturbances filter element that structural parameters are identical.
The composition of impulse disturbances filter element includes quick discharging circuit, quick-charging circuit, electric capacity, Schmidt circuit.
It is illustrated in figure 2 impulse disturbances filter element embodiment 1.In embodiment 1, repid discharge diode, charging resistor,
Repid discharge switch is respectively diode D11, resistance R11, switch T11, constitutes quick discharging circuit；Quick charge two
Pole pipe, discharge resistance, fast charge switch are respectively diode D12, resistance R12, switch T12, constitute quick charge
Circuit；Electric capacity is electric capacity C11.Schmidt circuit F11 is homophase Schmidt circuit, exports pulse P2 with defeated in embodiment 1
Enter pulse P1 homophase.The input of the one termination Schmidt circuit of electric capacity C11, i.e. the input A2 of F11, other end
It is connected to publicly.The anode of diode D11 is connected to the input A2 of F11, and negative electrode is connected to after connecting with switch T11
Input pulse end P1, when switching T11 conducting, the unidirectional current of diode D11 flows to as flowing from the input A2 of F11
To input pulse end P1.The negative electrode of diode D12 is connected to the input A2 of F11, and anode connects after connecting with switch T12
Being connected to input pulse end P1, when switching T12 conducting, the unidirectional current of diode D12 flows to as from input pulse end P1
Flow to the input A2 of F11.
Repid discharge switch, fast charge switch are the bilateral analog switch of Automatic level control.In embodiment 1, switch T11, open
Closing switch connection when T12 all selects control signal to be high level, when control signal is low level, the bidirectional analog of switch OFF is opened
Closing, model can select CD4066, or CD4016.In embodiment 1, Schmidt circuit F11 is homophase Schmidt electricity
Road, output pulse P2 (A3 point in Fig. 2) be connected directly to switch T12 Automatic level control end, output pulse P2 height,
Low level controls to switch T12 respectively and connects, turns off；Pulse P2 is after phase inverter F12 (in Fig. 2 in outputPoint) even
Being connected to switch the Automatic level control end of T11, the high and low level of output pulse P2 controls to switch T11 respectively and turns off, connects.It is subject to
To output pulse P2 control, switch T11 with switch T12 in always one in an ON state, another one is off
State.
Fig. 3 is input pulse and the output pulse waveform of impulse disturbances filter element embodiment 1.In Fig. 3, P1 is input arteries and veins
Punching, P2 is output pulse, when P1 low level is normal negative broad pulse, A2 point current potential and A1 point low level in Fig. 2
Current potential is consistent, and P2 is low level, and switch T11 connects, T12 turns off.The high level of positive burst pulse 11 passes through charging resistor
Electric capacity C11 is charged by R11, makes A2 point current potential increase；Owing to the width of burst pulse 11 exists less than time T1, A2 point current potential
Being still below the upper limit threshold voltage of Schmidt circuit F11 at the end of burst pulse 11, therefore, P2 is maintained low level, switch
T11 maintains connection；At the end of burst pulse 11, A1 point again becomes low level and makes electric capacity by repid discharge diode D11
C11 repid discharge, makes A2 point current potential consistent with A1 point low level current potential, recovers the state before arriving to burst pulse 11, its
Capacity of resisting disturbance is recovered rapidly, when followed by when having continuous print positive narrow pulse interference signal, can filter out equally.Just
Burst pulse 12, the width of positive burst pulse 13 are respectively less than time T1, therefore, when each in burst pulse 12, burst pulse 13
At the end of, P2 is maintained low level, and A1 point again becomes low level and makes electric capacity C11 by repid discharge diode D11
Repid discharge, makes A2 point current potential consistent with A1 point low level current potential.
Pulse 14 is normal positive broad pulse, when P1 maintains high level time to reach T1 after rising edge 20, the height of P1
Electric capacity C11 is charged by level by charging resistor R11, makes A2 point current potential rise the upper limit threshold reaching Schmidt circuit F11
Voltage, Schmidt circuit F11 output P2 becomes high level from low level at rising edge 25, makes switch T11 shutoff, T12
Connect；The high level of A1 point makes electric capacity C11 quick charge by quick charge diode D12, makes A2 point current potential and A1
Point high level current potential is consistent, and P2 is maintained high level.
Electric capacity C11 is discharged by the low level of negative burst pulse 15 by discharge resistance R12, makes A2 point current potential decline；Due to narrow
The width of pulse 15 remains above the lower limit door of Schmidt circuit F11 less than time T2, A2 point current potential at the end of burst pulse 15
Sill voltage, therefore, P2 is maintained high level, and switch T12 maintains and connects；At the end of burst pulse 15, A1 point becomes again
High level and make electric capacity C11 quick charge by quick charge diode D12, makes A2 point current potential and A1 point high level current potential
Unanimously, recovering the state before arriving to burst pulse 15, its capacity of resisting disturbance is recovered rapidly, when followed by there being continuous print
During negative narrow pulse interference signal, can filter out equally.Negative burst pulse 16, negative burst pulse 17, negative burst pulse 18 width equal
Less than time T2, therefore, at the end of each in burst pulse 16, burst pulse 17, burst pulse 18, P2 is maintained high
Level, A1 point again becomes high level and makes electric capacity C11 quick charge by quick charge diode D12, makes A2 point electricity
Position is consistent with A1 point high level current potential.
When P1 maintains low level time to reach T2 after trailing edge 21, represent that P1 has a broad pulse the most negative, P1
Low level by discharge resistance R12, electric capacity C11 is discharged, make the decline of A2 point current potential reach the lower limit of Schmidt circuit F11
Threshold voltage, Schmidt circuit F11 output P2 becomes low level from high level at trailing edge 26, makes switch T11 connect
Logical, T12 turns off；The low level of A1 point makes electric capacity C11 repid discharge by repid discharge diode D11, makes A2 point electricity
Position is consistent with A1 point low level current potential, and P2 is maintained low level.Negative broad pulse 19 width of P1 is more than T2, at negative wide arteries and veins
When maintaining high level time to reach T1 after the rising edge 22 of punching 19, P2 becomes high electricity from low level at rising edge 27
Flat.
Impulse disturbances filter element is by the burst pulse 11 in P1 signal, burst pulse 12, burst pulse 13, burst pulse 15, narrow arteries and veins
Punching 16, burst pulse 17, burst pulse 18 all filter out, and positive broad pulse 14, negative broad pulse 19 can be passed through, and make P2 believe
Corresponding positive broad pulse 23 and negative broad pulse 24 occur in number.Output pulse P2 and input pulse P1 homophase, and the width exported
Pulse 23 rising edge is than broad pulse 14 rising edge T1 lag time, trailing edge T2 lag time of input.
Burst pulse 11, burst pulse 12, burst pulse 13 are positive burst pulse, and wherein burst pulse 11 is disturbing pulse, burst pulse
12, burst pulse 13 is continuous print contact chatter pulse.Time T1 is the narrowest arteries and veins of maximum that impulse disturbances filter element can filter
Rush width.T1 by charge constant, the high level current potential of input pulse P1, the low level current potential of input pulse P1 and
The upper limit threshold voltage joint effect of Schmidt circuit F11.Under normal circumstances, the high level current potential of input pulse P1 and low electricity
Ordinary telegram position is definite value, and therefore, the value adjusting T1 can be by changing charge constant or the upper limit threshold of Schmidt circuit
Voltage is carried out.In Fig. 2, charge constant is the product of charging resistor R11 and electric capacity C11.
Burst pulse 15, burst pulse 16, burst pulse 17, burst pulse 18 are negative burst pulse, and wherein burst pulse 15 is interference arteries and veins
Punching, burst pulse 16, burst pulse 17, burst pulse 18 are continuous print contact chatter pulse.Time T2 is that impulse disturbances filters list
The maximum that unit can filter bears narrow pulse width.T2 is by discharge time constant, the high level current potential of input pulse P1, input
The low level current potential of pulse P1 and the lower limit threshold voltage joint effect of Schmidt circuit F11.Under normal circumstances, input pulse
The high level current potential of P1 and low level current potential are definite value, therefore, adjust T2 value can by change discharge time constant or
The lower limit threshold voltage of Schmidt circuit is carried out.In Fig. 2, discharge time constant is discharge resistance R12 and electric capacity C11
Product.
In Fig. 2, diode D11 connects with switch T11 with after resistance R11 parallel connection again, and input pulse P1 is from the first warp of A1 point
The parallel circuit arrival A2 point cross and switch T11, being then passed through diode D11 and resistance R11, flows to close according to pulse signal
System, repid discharge switch is connected in series in before the parallel circuit of repid discharge diode and charging resistor；Diode D12
Connecting with switch T12 with after resistance R12 parallel connection again, flow to relation according to pulse signal, fast charge switch is connected in series in
Before the parallel circuit of quick charge diode and discharge resistance.The series position of repid discharge switch can also be placed on quickly to be put
After the parallel circuit of electric diode and charging resistor, similarly, the series position of fast charge switch can also be placed on quickly
After the parallel circuit of charging diode and discharge resistance.Can also exist by reconfiguration it addition, electric capacity C11 connects one end publicly
The power supply end of impulse disturbances filter element.
In Fig. 2, Schmidt circuit F11 can also select anti-phase Schmidt circuit, now output pulse P2 and input pulse P1
Anti-phase, output pulse P2 and inversion signal thereof control switch T11, the connected mode of switch T12 needs according to output pulse P2
High and low level respectively control switch T12 turn off, connect, output pulse P2 high and low level respectively control switch T11
Connect, shutoff is carried out.
Fig. 4 show impulse disturbances filter element embodiment 2, repid discharge diode, charging resistor, repid discharge switch point
Not Wei diode D21, resistance R21, switch T21, quick charge diode, discharge resistance, fast charge switch be respectively
Diode D22, resistance R22, switch T22, electric capacity is electric capacity C21.Schmidt circuit F21 is homophase Schmidt circuit,
Output pulse P2 (B3 point in Fig. 4) is connected directly to switch the Automatic level control end of T22；Pulse P2 is through phase inverter in output
After F22 (in Fig. 4Point) it is connected to switch the Automatic level control end of T21.Embodiment 2 is tied with the embodiment 1 shown in Fig. 2
Structure is similar to, and difference one is the input of a termination Schmidt circuit of electric capacity C21, and other end is connected to impulse disturbances
Power supply+the VCC of filter element, difference two is to flow to relation, the series connection position of repid discharge switch according to pulse signal
Put after the parallel circuit of repid discharge diode and charging resistor, i.e. switch T21 is connected on diode D21 and resistance
After R21 parallel circuit.The operation principle of embodiment 2 is same as in Example 1.
Being illustrated in figure 5 impulse disturbances filter element embodiment 3, repid discharge diode, charging resistor are respectively diode
D31, resistance R31, quick charge diode, discharge resistance are respectively diode D32, resistance R32, repid discharge switch
Being numerically controlled multiway analog switch T31 with fast charge switch, the normal open switch of T31 is repid discharge switch, normally closed opens
Close as fast charge switch；Diode D31, resistance R31 and the normal open switch (C1 in Fig. 5) of multiway analog switch T31
Composition quick discharging circuit, diode D32, resistance R32 and the normally closed switch (C0 in Fig. 5) of multiway analog switch T31
Composition quick-charging circuit；Electric capacity is electric capacity C31, and the input of a termination Schmidt circuit of electric capacity C31, i.e. F31's is defeated
Enter to hold C2, other end to be connected to publicly.Schmidt circuit F31 is anti-phase Schmidt circuit, it is desirable to output pulse P2's
High level controls repid discharge switch connection, fast charge switch turns off, and low level control repid discharge switch OFF, quickly fills
Electric switch is connected；In Fig. 5, output pulse P2 (C3 point in Fig. 5) is connected directly to the numeral control of multiway analog switch T31
End processed, the high level of output pulse P2 controls the normal open switch connection of multiway analog switch T31, normally closed switch turns off, the most defeated
The high level going out pulse P2 controls repid discharge switch connection, fast charge switch turns off；The low level control of output pulse P2
The normal open switch of multiway analog switch T31 turns off, normally closed switch is connected, and i.e. exports the low level control repid discharge of pulse P2
Switch OFF, fast charge switch are connected.
Numerically controlled multiway analog switch can select the device of the different models such as CD4051, CD4052, CD4053.Real
Executing in example 3, T31 selects numerically controlled 2 tunnels analogy switch CD4053.
Fig. 6 is input pulse and the output pulse waveform of impulse disturbances filter element embodiment 3.In Fig. 6, P1 is input arteries and veins
Punching, P2 is output pulse, when P1 low level is normal negative broad pulse, C2 point current potential and pulse input end C4 in Fig. 5
Point low level current potential is consistent, and P2 is high level, and T31 normal open switch is connected, normally closed switch turns off.The high electricity of positive burst pulse 31
Put down and by charging resistor R31, electric capacity C31 is charged, make C2 point current potential increase；Owing to the width of burst pulse 31 is less than the time
T1, C2 point current potential is still below the upper limit threshold voltage of Schmidt circuit F31 at the end of burst pulse 31, and therefore, P2 maintains
For high level, T31 state maintains；Burst pulse 31 terminates, and C4 point becomes low level and again by repid discharge diode
D31 makes electric capacity C31 repid discharge, makes C2 point current potential consistent with C4 point low level current potential, before recovering to arrive to burst pulse 31
State, its capacity of resisting disturbance is recovered rapidly, when followed by when having continuous print positive narrow pulse interference signal, equally can
Filter out.Positive burst pulse 32, the width of positive burst pulse 33 are respectively less than time T1, therefore, when burst pulse 32, burst pulse 33
In each at the end of, P2 is maintained high level, and C4 point is again become low level and made by repid discharge diode D31
Electric capacity C31 repid discharge, makes C2 point current potential consistent with C4 point low level current potential.
Pulse 34 is normal positive broad pulse, when P1 maintains high level time to reach T1 after rising edge 40, the height of P1
Electric capacity C31 is charged by level by charging resistor R31, makes C2 point current potential rise the upper limit threshold reaching Schmidt circuit F31
Voltage, Schmidt circuit F31 output P2 becomes low level from high level at trailing edge 45, makes T31 normal open switch close
Disconnected, normally closed switch is connected；The high level of C4 point makes electric capacity C31 quick charge by quick charge diode D32, makes C2
Point current potential is consistent with C4 point high level current potential, and P2 is maintained low level.
Electric capacity C31 is discharged by the low level of negative burst pulse 35 by discharge resistance R32, makes C2 point current potential decline；Due to narrow
The width of pulse 35 remains above the lower limit door of Schmidt circuit F31 less than time T2, C2 point current potential at the end of burst pulse 35
Sill voltage, therefore, P2 is maintained low level, and T31 state maintains；Burst pulse 35 terminates, C4 point again become high level and
Make electric capacity C31 quick charge by quick charge diode D32, make C2 point current potential consistent with C4 point high level current potential, extensive
Multiple state to burst pulse 31 arriving, its capacity of resisting disturbance is recovered rapidly, when followed by there being continuous print to bear burst pulse
During interference signal, can filter out equally.Negative burst pulse 36, negative burst pulse 37, the width of negative burst pulse 38 are respectively less than the time
T2, therefore, at the end of each in burst pulse 36, burst pulse 37, burst pulse 38, P2 is maintained low level, C4
Point again becomes high level and makes electric capacity C31 quick charge by quick charge diode D32, makes C2 point current potential and C4 point
High level current potential is consistent.
When P1 maintains low level time to reach T2 after trailing edge 41, represent that P1 has a broad pulse the most negative, P1
Low level by discharge resistance R32, electric capacity C31 is discharged, make the decline of C2 point current potential reach the lower limit of Schmidt circuit F31
Threshold voltage, Schmidt circuit F31 output P2 becomes high level from low level at rising edge 46, makes T31 normal open switch
Connect, normally closed switch turns off；The low level of C4 point makes electric capacity C31 repid discharge by repid discharge diode D31, makes
C2 point current potential is consistent with C4 point low level current potential, and P2 is maintained high level.Negative broad pulse 39 width of P1 is more than T2,
When maintaining high level time to reach T1 after the rising edge 42 of negative broad pulse 39, P2 becomes from high level at trailing edge 47
Low level.
Impulse disturbances filter element is by the burst pulse 31 in P1 signal, burst pulse 32, burst pulse 33, burst pulse 35, narrow arteries and veins
Punching 36, burst pulse 37, burst pulse 38 all filter out, and positive broad pulse 34, negative broad pulse 39 can be passed through, and make P2 believe
Corresponding and the negative broad pulse 43 anti-phase with P1 and positive broad pulse 44 occur in number.Burst pulse 31, burst pulse 32, narrow arteries and veins
Punching 33 is positive burst pulse, and wherein burst pulse 31 is disturbing pulse, and burst pulse 32, burst pulse 33 are continuous print contact chatter arteries and veins
Punching.Burst pulse 35, burst pulse 36, burst pulse 37, burst pulse 38 are negative burst pulse, and wherein burst pulse 35 is interference arteries and veins
Punching, burst pulse 36, burst pulse 37, burst pulse 38 are continuous print contact chatter pulse.
In Fig. 6, time T1 is the maximum positive narrow pulse width of the input that impulse disturbances filter element can filter, and adjusts T1
Value can carry out by changing the upper limit threshold voltage of charge constant or Schmidt circuit.In Fig. 5, the charging interval
Constant is the product of charging resistor R31 and electric capacity C31.Time T2 be the input that can filter of impulse disturbances filter element
Big negative narrow pulse width.The value adjusting T2 can be by changing discharge time constant or the lower limit threshold voltage of Schmidt circuit
Carry out.In Fig. 5, discharge time constant is the product of discharge resistance R32 and electric capacity C31.
In Fig. 5, multiway analog switch T31 uses allotter connection, digital signal C3 control input pulse P1 and divide
It is assigned to quick discharging circuit or quick-charging circuit；Multiway analog switch T31 can also use selector connection, i.e. inputs
Pulse P1 delivers to quick discharging circuit and quick-charging circuit simultaneously, by Digital Signals select quick discharging circuit or
The signal of quick-charging circuit is connected to Schmidt circuit.
In Fig. 5, electric capacity C31 connect one end publicly can also reconfiguration at the power supply end of impulse disturbances filter element.
In Fig. 5, Schmidt circuit F31 can also select homophase Schmidt circuit.
Fig. 7 show impulse disturbances filter element embodiment 4, and repid discharge diode, charging resistor are respectively diode
D41, resistance R41, quick charge diode, discharge resistance are respectively diode D42, resistance R42, repid discharge switch
It is numerically controlled multiway analog switch T41 with fast charge switch；Electric capacity is electric capacity C41, and a termination of electric capacity C41 is executed close
The input of special circuit, i.e. the input D2 of F41, other end is connected to publicly.Embodiment 4 and the knot of embodiment 3
Structure is similar to, and difference is that one is that multiway analog switch T41 have employed selector connection, selector connection and allotter connection
It is different what does not has from operation principle；Two be Schmidt circuit F41 be homophase Schmidt circuit, output pulse P2 and input
Pulse P1 homophase, output pulse P2 (D3 point in Fig. 7) is connected directly to the digital control end of multiway analog switch T41,
So the normally closed switch of T41 is repid discharge switch, normal open switch is fast charge switch；Diode D41, resistance R41
Quick discharging circuit, diode D42, resistance R42 is formed with the normally closed switch (D0 in Fig. 7) of multiway analog switch T41
Quick-charging circuit is formed with the normal open switch (D1 in Fig. 7) of multiway analog switch T41.
Fig. 8 show impulse disturbances filter element embodiment 5.In embodiment 5, repid discharge diode, repid discharge switch
It is respectively diode D51, switch T51, constitutes quick discharging circuit；Quick charge diode, fast charge switch are respectively
For diode D52, switch T52, constitute quick-charging circuit；Electric capacity is electric capacity C51；Schmidt circuit F51 is anti-phase
Schmidt circuit, therefore, exports pulse P2 anti-phase with input pulse P1, exports pulse P2 (E3 in Fig. 8 in embodiment 5
Point) it is connected directly to switch the Automatic level control end of T51；Pulse P2 is after phase inverter F52 (in Fig. 8 in outputPoint)
It is connected to switch the Automatic level control end of T52.
In embodiment 5, taken with repid discharge diode, the charging resistor of quick charge diodes in parallel, discharge resistance respectively
Disappear, replaced by the discharge and recharge resistance R51 being connected in parallel on input pulse end E1 and Schmidt circuit input E2.This circuit is
The special case that charging resistor is identical with discharge resistance, can simplify circuit structure.
Fig. 9 show impulse disturbances filter element embodiment 6.In embodiment 6, repid discharge diode is diode D61,
Quick charge diode is diode D62, and repid discharge switch and fast charge switch are numerically controlled multiway analog switch
T61；Electric capacity is electric capacity C61, the input of a termination Schmidt circuit of electric capacity C61, i.e. the input F2 of F61, additionally
One end is connected to publicly；Multiway analog switch T61 uses allotter connection.Schmidt circuit F61 is homophase Schmidt electricity
Road, output pulse P2 and input pulse P1 homophase, output pulse P2 (F3 point in Fig. 9) is connected directly to multi-channel analog and opens
Closing the digital control end of T61, so the normally closed switch of T61 is repid discharge switch, normal open switch is fast charge switch；
Normally closed switch (F0 in Fig. 9) the composition quick discharging circuit of diode D61 and multiway analog switch T41, diode D62
Quick-charging circuit is formed with the normal open switch (F1 in Fig. 9) of multiway analog switch T61.
In embodiment 6, taken with repid discharge diode, the charging resistor of quick charge diodes in parallel, discharge resistance respectively
Disappear, replaced by the discharge and recharge resistance R61 being connected in parallel on input pulse end F4 and Schmidt circuit input F2.This circuit is also
For the special case that charging resistor is identical with discharge resistance, circuit structure can be simplified.
The input signal of described Schmidt circuit is the voltage on electric capacity, it is therefore desirable to Schmidt circuit has high input impedance spy
Property.Schmidt circuit can select cmos schmitt phase inverter CD40106, the 74HC14 with high input impedance charcteristic,
Or select that there is the devices such as cmos schmitt NAND gate CD4093 of high input impedance charcteristic, 74HC24.CMOS
The upper limit threshold voltage of schmitt inverter or cmos schmitt NAND gate, lower limit threshold voltage are relevant to device
Fixed value, therefore, adjusts the positive narrow pulse width of the input that can filter, negative narrow pulse width needs by changing the charging interval
Constant, discharge time constant are carried out.Constitute homophase Schmidt circuit by schmitt inverter or Schmidt's NAND gate, need
One-level phase inverter is increased after schmitt inverter or Schmidt's NAND gate.
Schmidt circuit can also select to use operational amplifier to constitute, and uses operational amplifier to constitute Schmidt circuit permissible
Change upper limit threshold voltage, lower limit threshold voltage neatly.Similarly, when using operational amplifier to constitute Schmidt circuit,
Need to use structure and the circuit with high input impedance charcteristic.
Claims (10)
1. a track wheel-sensors device, it is characterised in that:
Including wheel-sensors unit, the first impulse disturbances filter element, the second impulse disturbances filter element；
Described wheel-sensors unit exports the first transducing signal and the second transducing signal；Described first transducing signal delivers to the first impulse disturbances
The pulse input end of filter element, the second transducing signal delivers to the pulse input end of the second impulse disturbances filter element；
The output pulse ends of described first impulse disturbances filter element exports the first axle-counting signal, the output of the second impulse disturbances filter element
Pulse ends exports the second axle-counting signal.
Track wheel-sensors device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described first impulse disturbances filter element and the second impulse disturbances filter element are the impulse disturbances filter element that structural parameters are identical；
Described impulse disturbances filter element includes quick discharging circuit, quick-charging circuit, electric capacity, Schmidt circuit；
The input of described quick discharging circuit is input pulse, and outfan is connected to Schmidt circuit input；
The input of described quick-charging circuit is input pulse, and outfan is connected to Schmidt circuit input；
One end of described electric capacity is connected to Schmidt circuit input, other end be connected to impulse disturbances filter element publicly or
It it is power supply；
The outfan of described Schmidt circuit is output pulse ends.
Track wheel-sensors device the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described quick discharging circuit includes quickly putting
Electric diode, charging resistor, repid discharge switch；After described repid discharge diode is in parallel with charging resistor, then with quickly put
Electric switch is connected；Described quick-charging circuit includes quick charge diode, discharge resistance, fast charge switch；Described quickly
After charging diode is in parallel with discharge resistance, then connect with fast charge switch；
The unidirectional current of described repid discharge diode flows to as to flow to input from quick discharging circuit outfan；Described quick charge two
The unidirectional current of pole pipe flows to as to flow to outfan from quick charge diode input；
Described repid discharge switch, fast charge switch are by exporting Pulse Width Control.
Track wheel-sensors device the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described repid discharge switchs, quickly
Charge switch by exporting pulse controlled concrete grammar is, when Schmidt circuit is homophase Schmidt circuit, exports the low of pulse
Automatic level control repid discharge switch connection, fast charge switch turn off, and the high level of output pulse controls repid discharge switch and closes
Disconnected, fast charge switch is connected；When Schmidt circuit is anti-phase Schmidt circuit, the high level of output pulse controls quickly to put
Electric switch is connected, fast charge switch turns off, and exports the low level control repid discharge switch OFF of pulse, fast charge switch
Connect.
Track wheel-sensors device the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described repid discharge switch and quick charge
Switch is numerically controlled multiway analog switch, or is the bilateral analog switch of Automatic level control.
Track wheel-sensors device the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described charging resistor and the electricity of discharge resistance
Resistance phase is meanwhile, it is capable to the charging resistor cancelled in quick discharging circuit and the discharge resistance in quick-charging circuit use resistance value
The discharge and recharge resistance identical with charging resistor replaces；Described discharge and recharge resistor coupled in parallel inputs at input pulse end and Schmidt circuit
End.
7. according to the track wheel-sensors device according to any one of claim 3-6, it is characterised in that: described impulse disturbances filters
The positive narrow pulse width that unit can filter is carried out by changing the upper limit threshold voltage of charge constant or Schmidt circuit
Control, it is possible to the negative narrow pulse width of filtration enters by changing the lower limit threshold voltage of discharge time constant or Schmidt circuit
Row controls.
Track wheel-sensors device the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: described charge constant is charging resistor
Product with electric capacity；Described discharge time constant is the product of discharge resistance and electric capacity.
Track wheel-sensors device the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: described charge constant and discharge time
Constant is the product of discharge and recharge resistance and electric capacity.
Track wheel-sensors device the most according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: described Schmidt circuit has high input resistance
Anti-characteristic.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610417050.9A CN105966420B (en) | 2016-06-15 | 2016-06-15 | Track wheel-sensors device |
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| CN201610417050.9A CN105966420B (en) | 2016-06-15 | 2016-06-15 | Track wheel-sensors device |
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| CN105966420B CN105966420B (en) | 2017-11-17 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110293997A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-10-01 | 深圳科安达电子科技股份有限公司 | The jamproof whistle control system of tramcar and axis-counting device |
| WO2020252881A1 (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2020-12-24 | 深圳科安达电子科技股份有限公司 | Axle counting system |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN105966420B (en) | 2017-11-17 |
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