CN105961329A - Method for controlling ampullaria gigas damage through turtle animals and regularly recycling turtle animals in rice field - Google Patents
Method for controlling ampullaria gigas damage through turtle animals and regularly recycling turtle animals in rice field Download PDFInfo
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- CN105961329A CN105961329A CN201610342771.8A CN201610342771A CN105961329A CN 105961329 A CN105961329 A CN 105961329A CN 201610342771 A CN201610342771 A CN 201610342771A CN 105961329 A CN105961329 A CN 105961329A
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- turtle
- pomacea canaliculata
- animals
- furrow
- rice field
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
Abstract
The invention provides a method for controlling ampullaria gigas damage through turtle animals and regularly recycling turtle animals in a rice field. The method includes the steps that rails and furrows are formed in the rice field, and turtle-ampullaria-gigas mixed culturing is carried out; according to the density and the average weight of ampullaria gigas in the rice field, the theoretical feeding quantity of turtle animals is calculated according to the formula X<2>=35*X<1>*Y<1>/Y<2>, wherein X<1> is the density of ampullaria gigas with the unit of piece/m<2>, Y<1> is the average weight of ampullaria gigas with the unit of g, X<2> is the individual weight of turtle animals with the unit of g and is larger than or equal to 50, Y<2> is the feeding density of turtle animals with the unit of piece/m<2>, and the practical feeding quantity ranges from the product of 0.8 and the theoretical feeding quantity to the product of 1.2 and the theoretical feeding quantity; turtle animals and ampullaria gigas are cultured in a mixed mode for 30 d to 90 d; when ampullaria gigas damage is controlled by turtle animals in the field, turtle animals are regularly recycled. The method is easy and convenient to operate, environmentally friendly, remarkable in economic benefits and high in applicability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the use of the ecological prevention and control field of bio-diversity technology prevention Strategy of Alien Invasive Species harm, utilize Turtle to control Pomacea canaliculata harm the method periodically reclaiming Turtle in rice field in particular it relates to a kind of.
Background technology
Pomacea canaliculata (Pomacea canaliculata) unique Freshwater Snails in three batches of Invasive Alien Species lists having announced as China, originate in South America Amazon River basin.Because of features such as its rich in protein and nutritive value height, in the case of not carrying out urban eco landscape forest, Pomacea canaliculata was incorporated into China Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province in 1981, and started to engender situation about harming the crops in 1984, had become the serious agricultural pests of more than ten provinces and regions, south.In addition, can parasitic cause in Pomacea canaliculata body human body eosinophilic meningoencephalitis angiostrongylus cantonensis (Angiostrongylus cantonensis) and cause dog class cardiopulmonary infect and lethal arteries and veins occupy pipe strongylid (A. vasorum).2000, Pomacea canaliculata was listed in the pernicious Invasive Alien Species list in 100 kinds of the world by the Invasive Alien Species Committee of Experts of World Conservation Union.
Nowadays, the means of preventing and treating Pomacea canaliculata harm are broadly divided into physical control, chemical prevention and Biological control three major types.Chemical prevention often instant effect, control spiral shell are effective, become the only choosing of major part peasant, but it is destructive big to aquatic ecosystem, has significant limitation.Physical control means labor intensive is many and difficulty people's will to the greatest extent is imitated in control, uses frequently as supplementary means.Under normal circumstances, for the harmful organism just invaded when causing harm in local, the chemically or physically prevention and controls using instant effect more gathers effect, and when biological invasion has built up population and spreads wide, such as Pomacea canaliculata, sustainability and potential ecological benefits that Biological control possesses because of it and become optimal strategy and method.
The living resources that can control Pomacea canaliculata are varied, but energy popularization and application is the most few, if having economic benefit often becomes the key element that this bio-control method success is promoted.Zhejiang Province's Yuyao City utilize Caulis Zizaniae caduciflorae field, Rhizoma Nelumbinis field set support Trionyx sinensis (Wiegmann) (Pelodiscus sinensis) control spiral shell, successful and obtain obvious economic benefit.It is true that many Turtles all have a habit of spiral shell of ingesting, such as Trachemys scripta (Trachemys scripta elegans), it originates in the U.S. middle and south, introduces Guangdong the eighties in 20th century, then flows to rapidly the whole nation as aquarium house pet, and China has become as the country that Trachemys scripta in the world is most, and north is to Liaoning Shenyang City, and the south is Hainan Mt. Wu-zhi Shan city.Trachemys scripta feeding habits are miscellaneous, and it is also one of its food source that applicant studies discovery Pomacea canaliculata, and current domestic Trachemys scripta aquaculture industry is huge, and the whole nation lists into Testudinis more than 3,000 ten thousand year.China's grass tortoise (Chinemys reevesiis) the modal native species of Ze Shi China, same market is huge.Therefore rice field is transformed into the aquatic environment of the existence such as suitable Trachemys scripta and grass tortoise; on the one hand Testudinis production can be carried out; on the other hand may further be used to control Pomacea canaliculata; the effective pest controlling means of one of can yet be regarded as; thus the use of chemistry molluscicide is reduced or avoided; Ensuring Food Safety is conducive to produce, protecting agriculture ecological environment and Agricultural Biodiversity.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to according to the deficiency of Pomacea canaliculata Risk health behavior in prior art, it is provided that a kind of method utilizing Turtle to control Pomacea canaliculata harm at rice field situ.
The method provided according to the present invention can overcome the environmental pollution and crop production safety problem that existing a large amount of use chemistry molluscicide prevention and control Pomacea canaliculata technology causes.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of method utilizing Turtle control Pomacea canaliculata to endanger and periodically reclaim Turtle in rice field, comprise the steps: in rice field, arrange fence and furrow, according to the density of Pomacea canaliculata in rice field and average weight, the theoretical injected volume of Turtle, actual injected volume=0.8 × theory injected volume～1.2 × theoretical injected volume is calculated according to equation below；Turtle and Pomacea canaliculata are raised together with 30～90 d；When Turtle periodically reclaims after field controls Pomacea canaliculata harm；
Theoretical injected volume computing formula: X2 =35*X1*Y1/Y2；
Wherein, X1For the density of Pomacea canaliculata, unit is only/m2, Y1For the average weight of Pomacea canaliculata, unit is g；X2For the whose body weight of Turtle, unit is g, X2Not less than 50, Y2For the input density of Turtle, unit is only/m2.Preferably, the kind of described Turtle is Trachemys scripta or China's grass tortoise etc..
It is highly preferred that the individual weight of described Turtle is at 50～350 g.
Preferably, described fence high 40～50 cm, for preventing Turtle from escaping, the material of fence is abundant smooth plastics thin film or asbestos shingle, institute's enclosure wall face needs smooth, the corner connection of fence need to seal tight, and double-deck iron silk screen need to be inserted entering discharge outlet, to avoid Turtle and Pomacea canaliculata to escape.
Preferably, the width of described furrow is 50～60 cm, and the degree of depth is 15～20 cm.When acting as pouring water in furrow of described furrow, Turtle can evenly spread to go in rice field to prey on Pomacea canaliculata by means of buoyancy of water；Water in furrow, by time to the greatest extent, is slowly discharged by the Pomacea canaliculata predation in rice field, and Turtle is all gone among furrow, it is simple to centralized recovery.Furrow is not excavated in corner, four, rice field, otherwise formation distance of banketing earthen platform high for cm, face, field 8～10, it is simple to Trachemys scripta shines the back of the body and has a rest, and earthen platform length and width are identical with furrow width holding, banket afterwards and make the slope of formation 30～45 ° between earthen platform and furrow, it is simple to Trachemys scripta is climbed to earthen platform from furrow.
It is highly preferred that arrange a furrow between 10～20 m Rice Cropping bands.
Preferably, in earthen platform and furrow intersection 5 m, ditch throws in a small amount of Herba Spirodelae or duckweed aperiodically, and each injected volume is less than the 3% of Turtle TBW.
Preferably, during paddy growth, can be according to Pomacea canaliculata generation density case, periodically draining is poured water after one day to the field ditch water surface or following, about half a day.During draining, make Pomacea canaliculata and Turtle concentrate in field ditch simultaneously, Pomacea canaliculata is catched and killed efficiency increasing Trachemys scripta.
Preferably, before rice tillering latter stage to rice harves, can repeatedly reclaim Turtle by apparent time machine.
The present invention studies discovery, Trachemys scripta and Pomacea canaliculata is supported altogether, and the effect that Trachemys scripta takes food Pomacea canaliculata is notable.Both coexist 14
After d, little spiral shell (shell high 5～15
And middle spiral shell (shell high 15～25 mm)
Mm) survival rate is down to 0% and 40% respectively, and the big spiral shell (shell high 25～35 mm) of 2/3 is still survived, but loss percentage reaches the 45% of living individuals.
Compared with prior art, the method have the advantages that
The present invention draws materials abundant, with low cost, it is possible to effectively reduce the chemistry molluscicide harm to farmland ecological environment；And described method is easy and simple to handle, carries out the input of Turtle according to described method, it is obvious to the control effect of Pomacea canaliculata, and Pomacea canaliculata individuality is the least, and control efficiency is the highest.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: the Trachemys scripta control effect to Pomacea canaliculata, wherein schemes A, B, C, D and represents the result after test processes 3 d, 7 d, 10 d, 14 d respectively.
Fig. 2: rice field design diagram.
Fig. 3: throw in the Trachemys scripta control effect to Pomacea canaliculata in rice field.
Detailed description of the invention
Further illustrate the present invention below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiment, but the present invention is not limited in any form by embodiment.Unless stated otherwise, the present invention uses reagent, method and apparatus are the art conventional reagent, method and apparatus.
Unless stated otherwise, agents useful for same of the present invention and material are commercial.
Embodiment
1
A kind of method utilizing Turtle control Pomacea canaliculata to endanger and periodically reclaim Turtle in rice field, this method takes food the life habit of Pomacea canaliculata mainly by Turtle, carry out Testudinis spiral shell and support test altogether, determine that Trachemys scripta takes food effect to different size Pomacea canaliculata.Result of study shows: both coexist after 14 d, and the survival rate of little spiral shell (shell high 5～15 mm) and middle spiral shell (shell high 15～25 mm) is down to 0% and 40% respectively, and the big spiral shell (shell high 25～35 mm) of 2/3 is still survived, but loss percentage reaches the 45% of living individuals.
Utilize Turtle to the method controlling Pomacea canaliculata harm, specifically comprise the steps of:
1. test material:
Trachemys scripta is bought in flower, bird, insect, and fish market, is artificial cultivation, and individual weight, between 180 g to 250 g, is apparent normal, individuality that vigor is stronger.Pomacea canaliculata is collected in field water channel, the enough fresh Caulis et Folium Lactucae Sativae of Pomacea canaliculata of throwing something and feeding every day and Herba Spirodelae, after raising and train 2 weeks, selects apparent normal, individuality that vigor is stronger for testing.
2. test method:
In selected plastic box (72 cm × 38.5, cm × 56
Cm) bottom is placed with thickness and is about the 10 deep soil layers of cm, adds tap water afterwards, and cm is deep for the depth of water the most about 10.In the middle part of plastic box, put into opening up rectangular mesh screen (50 cm × 14, cm × 40 cm, length and width are in terms of opening), rectangular mesh screen has hundreds of oblong shaped orifices (10 mm × 3 mm), it is simple to Pomacea canaliculata and Trachemys scripta respiratory ventilation.Contact, for testing after standing 1 d with soil table bottom rectangular mesh screen.During test, rectangular mesh screen is put into Pomacea canaliculata 30, each 10 of 3 kinds of specifications such as its mesochite a height of 5～15,15～25,25～35 mm, it is defined as little spiral shell, middle spiral shell and big spiral shell successively.Test needs 6 plastic boxes altogether, is set to matched group and process group, often 3 repetitions of group.After matched group rectangular mesh screen throws in 30 spiral shells, rectangular mesh screen (47.5 cm × 14, cm × 37.5 that one specification of back-off is smaller
Cm, length and width are in terms of opening), prevent Trachemys scripta and Pomacea canaliculata from escaping.Test 14 d by a definite date, the death of difference shell height Pomacea canaliculatas and damage situations in the 3rd d of test, 7 d, 10 d, 14 d observe and add up rectangular mesh screen.When finding that individual spiral shell shell exists damaged, it is designated as impaired.
3. interpretation of result:
The Trachemys scripta control effect to Pomacea canaliculata, wherein schemes A, B, C, D and represents the result after test processes 3 d, 7 d, 10 d, 14 d respectively, and process group standard error calculates and do not takes (* into account by the most impaired for Pomacea canaliculata with matched group difference analysisP0.05;
** P0.01).
From Figure 1A, it is more suitable that matched group Pomacea canaliculata is survived in test set simulation herbicide application, and after processing 3 d, different size Pomacea canaliculata survival rate is all more than 95%；And process group is in 3 d introducing Trachemys scripta, the little spiral shell of 66.7% and the middle spiral shell prey of 16.7%, in process group, the big spiral shell of 86.7% is still survived, and survival rate is slightly below matched group.When testing duration and extending to 7 d, the little spiral shell of only 3.33% is survived under the predation of Trachemys scripta, otherwise, middle spiral shell and big spiral shell survival rate difference under different disposal is little.When Pomacea canaliculata reaches 14 d with the Trachemys scripta time of coexisting, little spiral shell is all dead；The survival rate of middle spiral shell is down to 40%, hence it is evident that less than spiral shell in matched group (86.7%)；The big spiral shell of process group 2/3 is still survived, slightly below the big spiral shell of matched group.
It should be noted that part Pomacea canaliculata exists impaired situation, owing to Trachemys scripta individuality is less, even the little spiral shell of part need its sting food many eloquence can be taken food completely.As seen from Figure 1, in whole process of the test, there is not impaired situation in little spiral shell, is once captured by Trachemys scripta, is all taken food completely.And for middle spiral shell and big spiral shell, along with the propelling of test, impaired situation is gradually serious, Pomacea canaliculata damage situations is more common in its operculum first edge and is gnawed.During off-test, in process group, the injured individual of spiral shell and big spiral shell accounts for the 25.0% and 45.0% of living individuals respectively, and matched group occurs without damage situations.
Embodiment
2
:
A kind of utilizing Trachemys scripta to control Pomacea canaliculata harm the method that periodically reclaims Trachemys scripta in rice field, described method be in rice field, and putting Trachemys scripta in a suitable place to breed by original position, to control the harm of Pomacea canaliculata, concrete steps and method as follows:
(1) before Rice Cropping, rice field surrounding excavation furrow, increase a furrow, ditch depth 20 cm, wide 50 cm every 15 m in the middle of rice field.Furrow is not excavated in corner, four, rice field, otherwise forms the high earthen platform of distance face, field 10 cm by banketing, and earthen platform length and width are similarly 50 cm.Banket afterwards and make the slope of formation 30 ° between earthen platform and ditch, it is simple to Trachemys scripta is climbed to earthen platform (see figure 2) from ditch.
(2) surrounding asbestos shingle in rice field surrounds high and smooth anti-of 40 cm and escapes wall.Meanwhile, the corner connection at fence need to seal tight, and need to insert double-deck iron silk screen entering discharge outlet, in case Trachemys scripta is escaped, to avoid Trachemys scripta and Pomacea canaliculata to escape.
(3) before throwing in Trachemys scripta, the density of investigation field Pomacea canaliculata and individual mean size situation, the theoretical injected volume of Turtle is calculated according to equation below, formula is: X2 =35*X1*Y1/Y2；Wherein X1For the density of Pomacea canaliculata, unit is only/m2, Y1For the average weight of Pomacea canaliculata, unit is g；X2For the whose body weight of Trachemys scripta, unit is g, X in the present embodiment2It is 120～250, Y2For the input density of Trachemys scripta, unit is only/m2.Actual injected volume=0.8 × theory injected volume～1.2 × theoretical injected volume, it is determined that the injected volume of Trachemys scripta, in the Trachemys scriptas that 10 d input stalwartnesses are anosis before rice transplanting to ditch.
(4) near earthen platform, in 5 m, furrow throws in a small amount of Herba Spirodelae every 3～5 d, and each injected volume is less than the 3% of Trachemys scripta body weight.
(5) during paddy growth, can be according to Pomacea canaliculata generation density case, periodically draining is poured water after one day to the field ditch water surface or following, about half a day.During draining, make Trachemys scripta and Pomacea canaliculata concentrate in field ditch simultaneously, Pomacea canaliculata is catched and killed efficiency increasing Trachemys scripta.
(6) rice tillering latter stage is to before rice harves, can repeatedly reclaim Trachemys scripta by apparent time machine.When rice field water layer is at 5 more than cm, available Trachemys scripta arrests Trachemys scripta the rest of earthen platform when.Meanwhile, can slowly drain paddyfield water to below furrow face, make Trachemys scripta and Pomacea canaliculata gradually concentrate in the water body of field ditch of shrinking back, further the water in row's shallow ridges, then can capture most Trachemys scripta and Pomacea canaliculata along the furrow string bag.It addition, after Oryza sativa L. maturation is gathered in the crops, again can pick up and capture a small amount of remaining Trachemys scripta in rice field.
Technology provided by the present invention can substantially reduce the generating capacity of rice field Pomacea canaliculata, is verified in field experiment.As it is shown on figure 3, before putting Trachemys scripta in a suitable place to breed, becoming spiral shell (shell height >=20 mm) density in rice field is 1.5/m2, children spiral shell (shell height ＜ 20
Mm) density is 2.5/m2.After Trachemys scripta 30 d is put in rice field in a suitable place to breed, process group Pomacea canaliculata becomes spiral shell to be down to 1.2/m2, and compare composition spiral shell and increase to 1.93/m2, both diversityes reach significant level (P＜ 0.01).Process group children's spiral shell density is 1.83/m2, account for the 56.7% of matched group, reach equally significant difference (P＜ 0.05).
Claims (9)
1. one kind utilizes Turtle to control Pomacea canaliculata harm the method periodically reclaiming Turtle in rice field, it is characterized in that, fence and furrow are set in rice field, according to the density of Pomacea canaliculata in rice field and average weight, the theoretical injected volume of Turtle, actual injected volume=0.8 × theory injected volume～1.2 × theoretical injected volume is calculated according to equation below；Turtle and Pomacea canaliculata are raised together with 30～90 d；When Turtle periodically reclaims after field controls Pomacea canaliculata harm；
Theoretical injected volume computing formula: X2 =35*X1*Y1/Y2；
Wherein, X1For the density of Pomacea canaliculata, unit is only/m2, Y1For the average weight of Pomacea canaliculata, unit is g；X2For the whose body weight of Turtle, unit is g, X2Not less than 50, Y2For the input density of Turtle, unit is only/m2。
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Turtle is Trachemys scripta or China's grass tortoise.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the individual weight of described Turtle is 50～350 g.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described fence high 40～50 cm, for preventing Turtle from escaping, the material of fence is abundant smooth plastics thin film or asbestos shingle, and institute's enclosure wall face needs smooth, and the corner connection of fence need to seal tight, and double-deck iron silk screen need to be inserted entering discharge outlet, to avoid Turtle and Pomacea canaliculata to escape.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the width of described furrow is 50～60 cm, the degree of depth is 15～20 cm, and furrow is not excavated in corner, four, rice field, otherwise formation of banketing is apart from earthen platform high for cm, face, field 8～10, it is easy to Testudinis shine the back of the body and have a rest, earthen platform length and width are identical with furrow width holding, banket afterwards and make the slope of formation 30 ~ 45 ° between earthen platform and furrow, it is simple to Testudinis climbs to earthen platform from furrow.
Method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that set a furrow between 10～20 m Rice Cropping bands.
Method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that in earthen platform and furrow intersection 5 m, a small amount of Herba Spirodelae or duckweed are irregularly thrown in ditch, each injected volume is less than the 3% of Turtle TBW.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, during paddy growth, according to Pomacea canaliculata generation density case, periodically draining is poured water after one day to the field ditch water surface or following, about half a day, during draining, make Pomacea canaliculata and Turtle concentrate in field ditch simultaneously, Pomacea canaliculata is catched and killed efficiency increasing Turtle.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that rice tillering reclaims Turtle latter stage to rice harves.
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| CN200969818Y (en) * | 2006-06-09 | 2007-11-07 | 山东省淡水水产研究所 | Stereo culture device for mossback |
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| CN105325365A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-02-17 | 滁州市南谯区长江水产良种繁育场 | Method for managing pond aquaculture of Chinese softshell turtles |
-
2016
- 2016-05-23 CN CN201610342771.8A patent/CN105961329A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4893585A (en) * | 1986-11-06 | 1990-01-16 | Ethyl Corporation | Zeolites in poultry hatching |
| US5201280A (en) * | 1989-06-06 | 1993-04-13 | Reproductive Sciences, Inc. | Method for preferential production of female turtles, lizards, and crocodiles |
| CN200969818Y (en) * | 2006-06-09 | 2007-11-07 | 山东省淡水水产研究所 | Stereo culture device for mossback |
| CN101836620A (en) * | 2010-06-30 | 2010-09-22 | 福建省农业科学院农业生态研究所 | Ecological multi-layer turtle breeding device |
| CN105325365A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-02-17 | 滁州市南谯区长江水产良种繁育场 | Method for managing pond aquaculture of Chinese softshell turtles |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| XIAO-PING YU 等: "Biological control of golden apple snail Pomacea canaliculata（Lamarck） by Chinese soft-shelled turtle, Trionyx sinensis in water bamboo field", 《第三届全国生物入侵大会论文摘要集——"全球变化与生物入侵"》 * |
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Application publication date: 20160928 |