A kind of subregion stator mixed excitation electric machine
Technical field
The invention belongs to electrician, machine field, be specifically related to one and there are permanent magnet and two kinds of excitation sources of electrical excitation winding
Hybrid exciting synchronous motor structure.
Background technology
Comparing tradition electric excitation synchronous motor, magneto has the advantage such as high power density and high efficiency.But due to
Using permanent magnetic steel excitation, there is air-gap field and is difficult to regulation, the problems such as speed adjustable range is limited in magneto.Composite excitation synchronizes
Motor has permanent magnet and two kinds of excitation sources of electrical excitation winding, and wherein permanent magnet generation permanent magnetic field is as motor main field, and
Generation motor gas-gap total magnetic field is jointly acted on electricity excitation magnetic field.Can be to motor gas when regulating electrical excitation current amplitude and direction
Gap total magnetic field produces regulation effect, and then it is adjustable and widen the mesh of speed adjustable range to realize hybrid exciting synchronous motor air-gap field
's.
China Patent Publication No. be CN101594040A document in propose a kind of mixing using Halbach permanent
Excitation-type linear synchronous generator, owing to the unilateral magnetic field of Halbach permanent strengthens characteristic so that this motor gas-gap magnetic is close substantially
Strengthen, and air gap flux density is closer to sine wave, decreases harmonic field produced by general permanent magnet set-up mode, both reduced
Harmonic leakage reactance, improves again the stability that motor runs.But the armature winding of this motor and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection are separately mounted to directly
On the mover of line motor and stator space, exciting current is introduced by slip ring, reduces the reliability of motor, adds and safeguard into
This.
China Patent Publication No. be CN102820755A document in propose the composite excitation of a kind of three-dimensional magnetic structure
Synchronous motor, the Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection of this motor is placed in rotor end, and excitation field enters rotor by the magnetic conduction bridge rotated, and enters
And realize the superposition of excitation field and permanent magnetic field.By means of the effect of rotation magnetic conduction bridge, this motor eliminates slip-ring brush dress
Put, it is achieved hybrid exciting synchronous motor non-brushing.But, the three-dimensional magnetic structure that this motor has adds design of electrical motor, divides
Analysis and the difficulty manufactured.
China Patent Publication No. be CN101277053A document in propose a kind of magnetic flux switching mixed excitation electric machine, base
In the monolateral excitation feature of this motor, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, armature winding and permanent magnet are installed along with on the stator of motor, and its
Rotor is only set to the iron core of salient pole, therefore avoids the use of slip-ring brush, simplifies electric machine structure, adds reliable
Property.But, owing to all excitation sources of this motor are respectively positioned on motor stator, inevitably cause Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection and armature around
Contradiction on installing space between group.
Summary of the invention
The problem that the invention aims to overcome above-mentioned existing mixed excitation electric machine to exist, it is proposed that one is novel opens up
Flutter the subregion stator mixed excitation electric machine of the Halbach permanent magnet array rotor of structure, it is to avoid existing mixed excitation electric machine uses
While slip-ring brush device, improve motor space availability ratio, effectively alleviate Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, armature winding and permanent magnet three peace
The contradiction in dress space.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the present invention has a rotating shaft, outside rotating shaft be by
Interior and outer inner stator, center roller and the external stator sequentially coaxially arranged, has between external stator inwall and center roller outer wall
Outer air gap, has interior air gap between center roller inwall and inner stator outer wall;External stator is along the circumferential direction uniformly provided with outside 36
Stator tooth, external stator tooth is wound with armature winding;Inner stator is along the circumferential direction uniformly provided with 36 inner stator teeth, on inner stator tooth
It is wound with centralized Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, an inner stator tooth and an external stator tooth the most right;Center roller is by 16
Magnetic inductive block and 16 permanent magnets along the circumferential direction alternately uniformly place the internal diameter of composition, magnetic inductive block and permanent magnet, external diameter phase respectively
With, together with magnetic inductive block fits tightly with permanent magnet side, the magnetizing direction difference 90 of adjacent two pieces of permanent magnetso, along clockwise
Circumferencial direction on the N pole of 16 pieces of permanent magnets successively along reversely rotating counterclockwise 90o。
The technique effect that the present invention has after using technique scheme is:
1, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection and armature winding are respectively arranged on interior external stator by the present invention, the coiling respectively of the stator structure of partition type
Armature winding and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, permanent magnet is then positioned on rotor, it is to avoid the slip-ring brush that existing mixed excitation electric machine uses
While device, it is effectively utilized motor internal space, improves motor space availability ratio, and be conducive to retaining magneto
High power density feature;Existing hybrid exciting synchronous motor Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, armature winding and permanent magnet can be prevented effectively from simultaneously
Contradiction on installing space between three.
2, the rotor structure in the present invention is by having Halbach array feature permanent magnet and adjustable magnetic magnetic inductive block combines, and
By rationally arranging the radial direction of permanent magnet, cutting orientation magnetizing direction, make full use of its monolateral poly-magnetic effect, effectively increase permanent magnet
The permanent magnet flux of armature winding side during independent excitation, while improving power of motor density, reduces permanent magnetic field to excitation
The impact of winding side.
3, the present invention utilizes the magnetic conductive iron on rotor, is modulated AC excitation magnetic field based on magnetic gear principle, produces
Raw and the harmonic field component of phase-adjustable identical with permanent magnetic field number of pole-pairs and rotary speed, it is to avoid existing composite excitation
Synchronous motor realizes the problem of non-brushing based on complex three-dimensional magnetic structure, reduces the difficulty of design of electrical motor and analysis.
4, when the present invention works, its electricity excitation magnetic field mainly enters motor gas-gap through rotor magnetic conductive iron, without
Through the permanent magnet material that magnetic resistance is bigger, therefore can be obviously improved its adjustable magnetic ability, meanwhile, effectively reduce permanent magnet and encourage because of electricity
The irreversible demagnetization risk that magnetic magnetic field is caused.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the radial section structural representation of the present invention a kind of subregion stator mixed excitation electric machine;
Fig. 2 is 1/4th internal structures and the three-phase windings distribution enlarged diagram of motor shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is permanent magnet flux and electro-magnetic flux schematic diagram in motor of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is that schematic diagram is strengthened in Zeng Cishi resultant magnetic field, motor excitation magnetic field of the present invention;
When Fig. 5 is motor excitation magnetic field degaussing of the present invention, schematic diagram is weakened in resultant magnetic field.
In figure: 1. external stator;2. external stator groove;3. center roller;4. inner stator;Pilot trench the most decided at the higher level but not officially announced;6. rotating shaft;7. armature
Winding;8. magnetic inductive block;9. permanent magnet;10. Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection;11. permanent magnet fluxes;12. electro-magnetic fluxes.
Detailed description of the invention
See Fig. 1, the present invention provide a kind of subregion stator mixed excitation electric machine ecto-entad be successively external stator 1, in
Between rotor 3, inner stator 4 and rotating shaft 6.Rotating shaft 6 is outside is inner stator 4, the center roller 3 and outer the most sequentially coaxially arranged
Stator 1.It is internal that center roller 3 is coaxially mounted to external stator 1, has outside one layer between external stator 1 inwall and center roller 3 outer wall
Air gap;It is internal that inner stator 4 is coaxially mounted to center roller 3, has one equally between center roller 3 inwall and inner stator 4 outer wall
Air gap in layer.There is fluting at the center of inner stator 4, is used for installing rotating shaft 6.Center roller 3 is rotated by rotating shaft 6.Inside and outside air gap
Thickness process with the power grade of motor, selected permanent magnet material and inner stator 4, external stator 1, center roller 3 and fill
Allotment of labor's skill is relevant.
Seeing Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, external stator 1 is made up of 13,36 external stator teeth 14 of external stator yoke and 36 external stator grooves 2, phase
External stator groove 2 is formed between adjacent two external stator teeth 14.External stator tooth 14 radial cross-section is that T-shaped, T-shaped top is near middle
Rotor 3, T-shaped bottom and external stator yoke 13 are connected as a single entity.It is wound with short distance armature winding 7 outside on stator tooth 14.Determine outside 36
Each external stator groove 2 in pilot trench 2 is placed with inside and outside two-layer armature winding 7.Armature winding 7 pitch is 4, and number of pole-pairs is P=
4.In Fig. 2 "+" it is the inlet wire direction of armature winding 7, "-" is the outlet direction of armature winding 7, and A, B, C are motor three-phase electricity
Pivot winding.
Center roller 3 is the most uniformly placed formed by 16 magnetic inductive blocks 8 and 16 permanent magnet 9,
Magnetic inductive block 8 is distinguished the most identical with the internal diameter of permanent magnet 9, external diameter, and side is tightly bonded together, and forms overall structure for conventional ring
The center roller 3 of shape;The magnetizing direction difference 90 of the most adjacent two pieces of permanent magnets 9o, along clockwise circumferencial direction, 16 pieces
The N pole of permanent magnet 9 is successively along reversely rotating 90 counterclockwiseoOtherwise, along circumferencial direction counterclockwise, the N of 16 pieces of permanent magnets 9
Pole is successively along reversely rotating 90 clockwiseo, thus the inside and outside both sides at center roller 3 define two different magnetic of intensity
, outside it, magnetic field intensity is enhanced, and the magnetic field intensity of inner side is weakened.Arrow in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 represents permanent magnet 9
Magnetizing direction.
Inner stator 4 is made up of 15,36 inner stator teeth 16 of inner stator yoke and 36 pilot trench 5 decided at the higher level but not officially announced, adjacent two inner stators
Form pilot trench 5 decided at the higher level but not officially announced between tooth 16, inner stator tooth 16 radial cross-section be T-shaped, T-shaped top near center roller 3, T-shaped
Bottom and inner stator yoke 15 are connected as a single entity.Each inner stator tooth 16 and each external stator tooth 14 the most just align, in space
One_to_one corresponding on position.Inner stator tooth 16 is wound with centralized Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 10, encouraging on the most adjacent two inner stator teeth 16
The most corresponding U, V, W three-phase of magnetic winding 10, Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 10 number of pole-pairs is P=12.
External stator 1, magnetic inductive block 8 and inner stator 4 all use silicon steel plate packing, it is easy to processing.Permanent magnet 9 material selects neodymium ferrum
The other types permanent magnet material such as boron or ferrite.
Seeing Fig. 3, the path of the permanent magnet flux 11 that permanent magnet 9 produces has two: be permanent magnet flux 11-1, permanent-magnet magnetic respectively
Logical 11-2, wherein the path of permanent magnet flux 11-1 is as follows: sequentially pass through 9, first external stator tooth 14 of first permanent magnet, outer fixed
Sub-yoke 13, the 5th external stator tooth 14, the 3rd permanent magnet 9, the 5th inner stator tooth 16, inner stator yoke, first inner stator
Tooth 16;The path of permanent magnet flux 11-2 is as follows: sequentially pass through second permanent magnet, 8, second external stator of 9, first adjustable magnetic block
Tooth 14, external stator yoke 13, the 4th external stator tooth 14.The electro-magnetic flux 12 produced by exciting current when Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 10 is energized
Path as follows: sequentially pass through second inner stator tooth 16, first adjustable magnetic block 8, second external stator tooth 14, external stator yoke
13,14, second adjustable magnetic block 8 of the 4th external stator tooth, the 4th inner stator tooth 16, inner stator yoke 15.Permanent magnet flux 11-1, forever
Magnetic magnetic flux 11-2 and electro-magnetic flux 12 are parallel with one another, constitute the total magnetic flux on a rotor pole.
See Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, when Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 10 passband rate be 240Hz, number of pole-pairs be the alternating current of P=12 time, excitation around
The magnetic field of group 10 generationRespectively through Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 10, external stator 1, outer air gap, adjustable magnetic block 8, interior air gap, inner stator 4 these
Parts, are spatially divided into eight parts by motor;The magnetic field that permanent magnet 9 producesRespectively through permanent magnet 9, adjustable magnetic block
8, outer air gap, these parts of external stator 1, are spatially divided into eight each several parts equally by motor.Magnetic fieldAnd magnetic field?
In armature winding 7 parallel with one another.In Fig. 4, the magnetic field of Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 10 with resultant magnetic field in the same direction, is expressed as Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 10 involutory
Becoming the compensating action in magnetic field, in Fig. 5, the magnetic field of Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 10 is reverse with resultant magnetic field, is expressed as Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 10 to synthesis magnetic
The weakening effect of field.
When three phase excitation winding 10 no power, now this motor is surface-mounted rotor permanent magnet type synchronous motor, permanent magnet 9
The permanent magnet flux produced will be different through the direction of each armature winding 7, cause the permanent magnetism of institute's linkage in every phase armature winding 7
Magnetic linkage is cyclically-varying.
The three-phase symmetrical exchange of 90 ° of advanced threephase armature winding 7 induced potential phase place it is passed through in three phase excitation winding 10
During electric current, linkage can be reduced to the magnetic linkage in armature winding in three-phase set 7, thus reduce the electromotive force induced.On the contrary, three
When phase central excitation winding 10 is passed through the three-phase symmetrical alternating current of 90 ° of delayed armature winding 7 induced potential phase place, can increase
Linkage is to the magnetic linkage in armature winding in three-phase set 7, and then increases the electromotive force induced.Visible, by changing Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 10
In exciting current size and phase place just permanent magnetic field can be adjusted, thus overcome the shortcoming of pure permanent magnet-type motor, make
Obtain this mixed excited magnetic pass switch motor and disclosure satisfy that the demand of different performance.Described electric machine structure feature, armature winding 7 is double
Stacking winding, can the short distance winding of more easily design, make overhang connect shorter, copper cash can be saved, can cut again
Weak harmonic wave, improves electromotive force and magnetomotive waveform, and Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection 10 is concentratred winding, and end is short, and efficiency is higher, armature-reaction
Magnetic flux and permanent magnet flux are spatially mutually perpendicular to, and magnetic circuit are parallel relationship, make this motor have stronger anti-degaussing ability.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention.All essences in the present invention
Any amendment, equivalent and the improvement etc. made within god and principle, should be included within the scope of the present invention.