CN105951707B - An ultra shallow buries collapsible loess tunnel ground cement-soil compaction pile ruggedized construction and construction method - Google Patents
An ultra shallow buries collapsible loess tunnel ground cement-soil compaction pile ruggedized construction and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105951707B CN105951707B CN201610473303.4A CN201610473303A CN105951707B CN 105951707 B CN105951707 B CN 105951707B CN 201610473303 A CN201610473303 A CN 201610473303A CN 105951707 B CN105951707 B CN 105951707B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
- E02D3/08—Improving by compacting by inserting stones or lost bodies, e.g. compaction piles
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of an ultra shallow to bury collapsible loess tunnel ground cement-soil compaction pile ruggedized construction and construction method, it is characterized in that：Collapsible loess tunnel is buried for an ultra shallow to excavate to form excavation face using the interim inverted arch of three steps, three steps refer in tunnel excavating process, it the top bar that sequentially forms step by step, middle step and gets out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation, it is set in the outside of the top bar arch springing of top bar preliminary bracing steelframe and expands arch springing, top bar arch springing is up arranged at intervals stiffness connection；Construction inverted arch preliminary bracing first, installs compaction pile position provided pipe in inverted arch preliminary bracing, and cement-soil compaction pile of constructing in the provided pipe of compaction pile position forms cement-soil compaction pile ruggedized construction.The present invention is effective against surrouding rock deformation, is reached preliminary bracing entirety stress using the stiffness connection expanded between arch springing and increase top bar preliminary bracing steelframe；First construction inverted arch preliminary bracing, installs compaction pile position provided pipe, reaches and first close preliminary bracing, slow down surrouding rock deformation in the early stage between supporting, can ensure that country rock safety.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to bury in collapsible loess tunnel, the ruggedized construction of consolidation process is carried out for ground and apply in an ultra shallow
Work method.
Background technology
In recent years, with the rapid development of economic construction of China, the construction of high-speed railway more develops rapidly.Circuit sinks
Drop deformation directly affects the comfort level of passenger and the operation security of high-speed railway and development.
Collapsible loess is very wide in branch of China, and main branch is in Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu most area and He Nanxi
Portion.It is limited with reference to above area by geographical conditions, for road mostly with tunnel transition, the base collapsibility in tunnel is after influencing railway
An important factor for phase operation security.In limited construction space, how deformation controlling for rock surrounding gateways, accelerate cement-soil compaction pile reinforcing and apply
Work progress is a collapsible loess tunnel construction important topic urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Five-pointed star level ground tunnel outlet section, under wear a local peasant household orchard, tunnel top earthing buried depth is 2.4~11.3m, original state
Native foundation bearing capacity is 140~220KP.Tunnel exit end chiltern loess has very serious IV grade of self-weight collapsible, saturated yielding soil
Layer thickness is about 32m.This section of tunnel surrounding grade is V e, and design is constructed using the interim inverted arch engineering method of three steps, Tunnel
Mouth carries out advance supports using hundred meters of bimetallic tube canopies, and preliminary bracing uses I 25a+ in-network processing supportings.
136m scopes domestic demand carries out consolidation process using cement-soil compaction pile to ground in tunnel, is applied according to its routine is designed
Work method is to get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation after construction, i.e., carries out cement-soil compaction pile base construction using electronic Luoyang Spade cooperation block stamp.But because
Limited space in tunnel, interference are more；Shake larger during the construction of electronic Luoyang Spade, effect is very slow；And buried section of construction of an ultra shallow,
Surrouding rock deformation is larger, and there are certain security risks.
The content of the invention
The present invention is for shortcoming existing for avoiding above-mentioned technology, provides a kind of an ultra shallow and buries collapsible loess tunnel ground
Cement-soil compaction pile ruggedized construction and construction method, it is full to be effective against surrouding rock deformation, improve construction efficiency, reduction vibrations
Sufficient tunnel space requirement.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that solve technical problem：
An ultra shallow of the present invention, which buries the characteristics of collapsible loess tunnel ground cement-soil compaction pile ruggedized construction, is：It is buried for an ultra shallow
Collapsible loess tunnel excavates to form excavation face using the interim inverted arch of three steps, and three step refers in tunnel excavating process
In, it the top bar that sequentially forms step by step, middle step and gets out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation, in the outside of the top bar arch springing of top bar preliminary bracing steelframe
It sets and expands arch springing, top bar arch springing is up arranged at intervals stiffness connection；Construction inverted arch preliminary bracing first, in inverted arch initial stage branch
Compaction pile position provided pipe is installed in shield, it is compacted to form soil cement for cement-soil compaction pile of constructing in the provided pipe of the compaction pile position
Stake ruggedized construction.
An ultra shallow of the present invention is buried the characteristics of collapsible loess tunnel ground cement-soil compaction pile ruggedized construction and is lain also in：On described
The outside of step preliminary bracing steelframe expands inclined 0.8m outside arch springing, and tangent with the outer of the top bar preliminary bracing steelframe.
An ultra shallow of the present invention is buried the characteristics of collapsible loess tunnel ground cement-soil compaction pile ruggedized construction and is lain also in：In inverted arch
After the installing of compaction pile position provided pipe is completed in preliminary bracing, backfill to form operation platform using the soil body, be applied described in recycling
Work platform carries out the construction of cement-soil compaction pile.
An ultra shallow of the present invention, which buries the characteristics of collapsible loess tunnel ground cement-soil compaction pile reinforced construction method, is：
Collapsible loess tunnel is buried for an ultra shallow to excavate to form excavation face using the interim inverted arch of three steps, three step is
Refer in tunnel excavating process, the top bar that sequentially forms step by step, middle step and get out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation, in top bar preliminary bracing steelframe
The outside of top bar arch springing, which is set, expands arch springing, and top bar arch springing is up arranged at intervals stiffness connection；As follows in tunnel
It constructs in ground cement-soil compaction pile, forms cement-soil compaction pile ruggedized construction：
Step a：Cement-soil compaction pile stake position is reserved according to test pile spacing between each road inverted arch preliminary bracing steelframe, is gone forward side by side
Row first time inverted arch preliminary bracing concrete construction；
Step b：After first time inverted arch preliminary bracing concrete construction, the backfill soil body to inverted arch filled layer top surface mark
Height forms operation platform；
Step c：On the operation platform, first using extension drill rod in crawler type screw drilling machine and setting in each stake position
Place is molded stake holes by designing pile length, and tamping machine is recycled to be molded cement-soil compaction pile for each stake holes, is completed at the reinforcing to substrate
Reason, effective stake top face of the cement-soil compaction pile is in the bottom of inverted arch preliminary bracing steelframe；
Step d：The soil body that secondary excavation is filled in the reserved cement-soil compaction pile stake position is filled in preliminary bracing and is mixed
Solidifying soil, completes inverted arch preliminary bracing concrete construction；
Step e：Inverted arch secondary lining and Concrete Filled layer construct to designed elevation.
An ultra shallow of the present invention is buried the characteristics of collapsible loess tunnel ground cement-soil compaction pile reinforced construction method and is lain also in：
Inverted arch is excavated per secondary control in 1.2~1.8m drilling depths, 5 after first time inverted arch preliminary bracing concrete construction
Carry out cement-soil compaction pile construction within~7 days；
Control construction speed enables the tunnel to reach preliminary bracing closing cyclization in 12 days；
Depth of the inverted arch preliminary bracing away from top bar face is 15~20m, and top bar face is away from the cyclic distance of two linings
No more than 55m.
An ultra shallow of the present invention is buried the characteristics of collapsible loess tunnel ground cement-soil compaction pile reinforced construction method and is lain also in：Tunnel
Minimum effective operation height 6.5m in road, cement-soil compaction pile design length are 9.0m, and drilling machine uses 6.0m long spire formula drill bits,
Brill footpath is 0.35m, and interior extension drill rod is not less than 3m.
Extension drill rod is structurally characterized in that in the present invention：
The auger stem of screw drilling machine is set to be set with extension bar in one section in the sleeve type drill rod for sleeve type drill rod；
The interior extension bar is the polished rod with the auger stem clearance fit, and interior extension bar can freely plug in the auger stem；
It is connected with the interior extension bar with the power output shaft of screw drilling machine；The auger stem being sleeved on interior extension bar can
Pin joint is carried out using the top pin hole and interior extension bar upper pin hole of auger stem, forms non-extension bar；The auger stem or
Pin joint is carried out using the top pin hole and interior extension bar lower pin hole of auger stem, forms extension bar；The interior extension bar upper pin hole
The upper end of interior extension bar is in, the interior extension bar lower pin hole is in the lower end of interior extension bar.
The design feature of extension drill rod is lain also in the present invention：The power output shaft of the interior extension bar and screw drilling machine it
Between use pin joint.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the beneficial effect that：
1st, the present invention sets pre- pile anchoring position between steelframe when inverted arch preliminary bracing is constructed according to test pile spacing；By inverted arch
Tunnel is first constructed, and preliminary bracing is made to form ring body, and whole stress resists surrouding rock deformation, it is ensured that tunnel safety.
2nd, the present invention sets the method that stiffness connects that country rock is controlled to become using expansion arch springing and between top bar steelframe
Shape makes preliminary bracing entirety stress, it is ensured that the stabilization of country rock.
3rd, the present invention uses crawler type screw drilling machine, and extension drill rod in setting, meets construction site spatial altitude
It is required that, it is ensured that foundation treatment depth reduces the vibration during pile foundation construction, improves work efficiency.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 expands arch springing schematic diagram for Tunnel in the present invention；
Fig. 2 stiffness connection diagrams between top bar preliminary bracing steelframe in the present invention；
Fig. 3 arranges schematic diagram for cement-soil compaction pile stake position facade in the present invention；
Fig. 4 arranges schematic diagram for cement-soil compaction pile stake bit plane in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the interim inverted arch digging mode schematic diagram of three steps in the present invention.
Fig. 6 is interior extension drill rod structure diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 7 is Fig. 6 close-up schematic views；
Fig. 8 is interior extension drill rod use state diagram in the present invention；
Figure label：1 gets out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation, step in 2,3 top bars, 4 top bar preliminary bracing steelframes, and 5 expand arch springing, 6 stiffnesses
Connection, 7 inverted arch preliminary bracing steelframes, 8 cement-soil compaction pile stake positions, 9 inverted arch filled layer top surface absolute altitudes, 11 first sections, 12 the
Two sections, 13 the 3rd sections, 21 auger stems, 21a helical blades, extension bar in 22, extension bar top pin hole in 22a, extension bar in 22b
Top pin hole, extension bar lower pin hole in 22c, 23 screw drilling machines, 23a power output shafts.
Specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, it is compacted to bury collapsible loess tunnel ground soil cement for an ultra shallow in the present embodiment
Stake ruggedized construction, it is characterized in that：Collapsible loess tunnel is buried for an ultra shallow to excavate to form excavation face using the interim inverted arch of three steps,
Three step refers in tunnel excavating process, the top bar 3 that sequentially forms step by step, middle step 2 and gets out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation 1, is appearing on the stage
The outside of the top bar arch springing of rank preliminary bracing steelframe 4, which is set, expands arch springing 5, and top bar arch springing is up arranged at intervals stiffness connection
6；Construction inverted arch preliminary bracing first, compaction pile position provided pipe is installed in inverted arch preliminary bracing, then backfills to be formed with the soil body and apply
Work platform is constructed cement-soil compaction pile using the operation platform in the provided pipe of the compaction pile position, and it is compacted to form soil cement
Stake ruggedized construction.Super shallow depth loess tunnels are mostly new loess, and soil property is more loose, and foundation bearing capacity is relatively low, set and expand arch springing
The forced area of arch springing can effectively be increased, surrouding rock deformation is resisted, between steelframe stiffness is set to connect, improve steelframe globality,
Ensure steelframe entirety stress.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, in specific implementation, the outside of top bar preliminary bracing steelframe 4 expands inclined 0.8m outside arch springing 5,
It is and tangent with the outer of top bar preliminary bracing steelframe 4；It is connected in tetra- stiffnesses of both sides Ge You of top bar preliminary bracing steelframe 4
6, stiffness connection 6 is spaced 50cm along longitudinal direction and in being horizontally disposed with using I-steel, stiffness connection 6 between adjacent stiffness connection 6.
An ultra shallow, which buries collapsible loess tunnel ground cement-soil compaction pile reinforced construction method, in the present embodiment is：
Collapsible loess tunnel is buried for an ultra shallow to excavate to form excavation face using the interim inverted arch of three steps, three steps refer to
In tunnel excavating process, the top bar 3 that sequentially forms step by step, middle step 2 and 1 is got out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation, in top bar preliminary bracing steelframe 4
The outside of top bar arch springing, which is set, expands arch springing 5, and top bar arch springing is up arranged at intervals stiffness connection 6；As follows in tunnel
It constructs in road ground cement-soil compaction pile, forms cement-soil compaction pile ruggedized construction：
Step a：Cement-soil compaction pile stake position 8 is reserved according to test pile spacing between each road inverted arch preliminary bracing steelframe 7, and
First time inverted arch preliminary bracing concrete construction is carried out, as shown in the first section 11 in Fig. 5.
The spacing of top bar preliminary bracing steelframe 4 is arranged to 60cm, the laying of cement-soil compaction pile stake position 8 is straight using stake
Footpath is 40cm, and stake spacing 70cm × 70cm is laid in equilateral triangle；Inverted arch preliminary bracing steelframe 7 is first installed, then during construction
It is in a row between adjacent inverted arch preliminary bracing steelframe 7 using the pvc pipe of φ 45cm × 8mm, according to test pile spacing, reserved stake is set
Position, by the connection reinforcing bar between inverted arch preliminary bracing steelframe 7 by the casing fixation of stake position.
Step b：After first time inverted arch preliminary bracing concrete construction, the backfill soil body to inverted arch filled layer top surface mark
It is high by 9, operation platform is formed, carries out rolling compacting using excavator during filling, avoids collapse hole occur during pile foundation construction.
Step c：On the operation platform, first using extension drill rod in crawler type screw drilling machine and setting in each stake position
Place is molded stake holes by designing pile length, and tamping machine is recycled to be molded cement-soil compaction pile for each stake holes, is completed at the reinforcing to substrate
Reason, effective stake top face of the cement-soil compaction pile is in the bottom of inverted arch preliminary bracing steelframe 7.Using two tamping machines and one
Crawler type screw drilling machine combination construction, avoids adjacent bores position from caving in, and constructs every hole；During construction, inverted arch backfill length will meet 6
Rice, should ensure to leave equipment construction space shorten again the Second Lining Construction after stiffening basic ground apart from excavation face away from
From.
Step d：The soil body that secondary excavation is filled fills in preliminary bracing in the reserved cement-soil compaction pile stake position 8
Concrete completes inverted arch preliminary bracing concrete construction, as shown in the second section 12 in Fig. 5；Secondary excavation fills the soil body
Length control can fill in preliminary bracing concrete and subsequent inverted arch after 6m, excavation to reserved cement-soil compaction pile stake position
The construction of secondary lining and Concrete Filled layer.
Step e：Construction inverted arch secondary lining and Concrete Filled layer are to designed elevation, as shown in the 3rd section 13 in Fig. 5.
In construction, in order to effectively slow down surrouding rock deformation and ensure the intensity of inverted arch preliminary bracing concrete, step is excavated in control
Away from interval time and preliminary bracing off-period after, inverted arch preliminary bracing, including：Inverted arch is excavated per secondary control in 1.2~1.8m
Drilling depth carries out cement-soil compaction pile construction in 5~7 days after first time inverted arch preliminary bracing concrete construction；Control construction
Progress enables tunnel to reach preliminary bracing closing cyclization in 12 days；Depth of the inverted arch preliminary bracing away from top bar face
For 15~20m, top bar face is no more than 55m away from two lining cyclization distances.
In specific implementation, because of minimum effective operation height 6.5m in tunnel, cement-soil compaction pile design length is 9.0m, is bored
Machine uses 6.0m long spire formula drill bits, and brills footpath is 0.35m, and extension drill rod is not less than 3m in setting, to meet designing pile length and hole
Hole space requirement.
The present invention is connected by using the stiffness expanded between arch springing, increase top bar preliminary bracing steelframe, is effective against
Surrouding rock deformation reaches preliminary bracing entirety stress；Using inverted arch preliminary bracing of first constructing, compaction pile position is installed between supporting in the early stage
Provided pipe reaches and first closes preliminary bracing, slows down surrouding rock deformation, it is ensured that country rock safety.
Structure type referring to interior extension drill rod in Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 the present embodiment is：
The auger stem 21 of screw drilling machine is set to be set with extension bar 22 in one section in sleeve type drill rod for sleeve type drill rod；
Interior extension bar 22 is the polished rod with 21 clearance fit of auger stem, and interior extension bar 22 can freely plug in auger stem 21.
Extension bar 22 is connected with the power output shaft of screw drilling machine in the present embodiment；The spiral shell being sleeved on interior extension bar 22
Rotary drill bar 21 can carry out pin joint using the top pin hole of auger stem 21 with interior extension bar upper pin hole 22b, form such as Fig. 6 and figure
Non- extension bar shown in 7；Auger stem 21 or top pin hole and the interior extension bar lower pin hole 22c of auger stem 21 is utilized to carry out
Pin joint forms extension bar as shown in Figure 8；Wherein, interior extension bar upper pin hole 22b is in the upper end of interior extension bar 22, that is, is near
One end where power output shaft 23a, interior extension bar lower pin hole 22c are in the lower end of interior extension bar 22, in interior extension bar 22 and screw rod
Pin joint is similarly used between the power output shaft 23a of drilling machine 23.
Easily operated in order to avoid disturbing, corresponding structure type is：The interior extension bar top pin being arranged on interior extension bar 22
For hole 22a and interior extension bar upper pin hole 22b in " ten " word on horizontal plane, interior extension bar top pin hole 22a is including being used for
The pin hole of pin joint is carried out between extension bar 22 and the power output shaft 23a of screw drilling machine 23.
In construction：
First, pin joint is carried out between the top pin hole of auger stem 21 and the top pin hole of interior extension bar 22, makes interior extension bar
22 keep being sleeved in the sleeve of auger stem 21, start drilling machine；When auger stem 21 reaches depth of pore forming, auger is kept
Connection of the bar 21 between bottom hole position, releasing auger stem 21 and interior extension bar 22.
Then, extension bar 22 in being extracted from auger stem 21, and the top pin hole using auger stem 21 and interior extension bar 22
Lower part pin hole carry out pin joint, form extension bar, be again started up drilling machine and implement drilling.
Since interior extension bar 22 is polished rod, no casting helical blade 21a after every drilling certain depth, promotes drilling rod extremely
Helical blade on auger stem 21 is higher by aperture, is discharged the soil body on helical blade 21a using the rotation of auger stem 21,
Such cycle operation, until reaching design stake bottom position.
The present invention using crawler type screw drilling machine and interior extension drill rod meet minimum effective operation height in tunnel will
It asks, effectively reduces influence of the vibration to country rock during pile foundation construction, improve construction efficiency, it is ensured that the construction peace in tunnel
Entirely；By adjusting tunnel safety step pitch and preliminary bracing closing cyclic time, safe construction environment is provided for constructing tunnel.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of an ultra shallow buries collapsible loess tunnel ground cement-soil compaction pile reinforced construction method, it is characterized in that：
Collapsible loess tunnel is buried for an ultra shallow to excavate to form excavation face using the interim inverted arch of three steps, three step refers to
It in tunnel excavating process, the top bar (3) that sequentially forms step by step, middle step (2) and gets out of a predicament or an embarrassing situation (1), in top bar preliminary bracing
The outside of the top bar arch springing of steelframe (4), which is set, expands arch springing (5), and top bar arch springing is up arranged at intervals stiffness connection (6)；It presses
Following steps are constructed cement-soil compaction pile in tunnel foundation, form cement-soil compaction pile ruggedized construction：
Step a：Cement-soil compaction pile stake position (8) is reserved according to test pile spacing between each road inverted arch preliminary bracing steelframe (7), and
Carry out first time inverted arch preliminary bracing concrete construction；
Step b：After first time inverted arch preliminary bracing concrete construction, the backfill soil body to inverted arch filled layer top surface absolute altitude
(9), operation platform is formed；
Step c：On the operation platform, pressed first using extension drill rod in crawler type screw drilling machine and setting at each stake position
Designing pile length is molded stake holes, and tamping machine is recycled to be molded cement-soil compaction pile for each stake holes, completes the consolidation process to substrate, institute
The effective stake top face for stating cement-soil compaction pile is in the bottom of inverted arch preliminary bracing steelframe (7)；
Step d：The soil body that secondary excavation is filled in the reserved cement-soil compaction pile stake position (8) is filled in preliminary bracing and is mixed
Solidifying soil, completes inverted arch preliminary bracing concrete construction；
Step e：Inverted arch secondary lining and Concrete Filled layer construct to designed elevation.
2. an ultra shallow according to claim 1 buries collapsible loess tunnel ground cement-soil compaction pile reinforced construction method,
It is characterized in：
Inverted arch is excavated per secondary control in 1.2~1.8m drilling depths, 5~7 after first time inverted arch preliminary bracing concrete construction
It carries out cement-soil compaction pile construction；
Control construction speed enables the tunnel to reach preliminary bracing closing cyclization in 12 days；
Depth of the inverted arch preliminary bracing away from top bar face is 15~20m, and top bar face does not surpass away from two lining cyclization distances
Cross 55m.
3. an ultra shallow according to claim 1 buries collapsible loess tunnel ground cement-soil compaction pile reinforced construction method,
It is characterized in：Minimum effective operation height 6.5m in tunnel, cement-soil compaction pile design length are 9.0m, and drilling machine uses 6.0m long spiral shells
Rotating drill bit, brill footpath are 0.35m, and interior extension drill rod is not less than 3m.
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| CN201610473303.4A CN105951707B (en) | 2016-06-23 | 2016-06-23 | An ultra shallow buries collapsible loess tunnel ground cement-soil compaction pile ruggedized construction and construction method |
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| CN108331530A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-07-27 | 嘉兴市恒创电力设备有限公司 | A kind of portable electric pole earth boring machine |
| CN108533296B (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2023-09-15 | 中铁二局第一工程有限公司 | Butt joint structure of reserved deformation units of large deformation tunnel steel frame and construction method |
| CN110792440B (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2021-02-05 | 中铁二十局集团有限公司 | Construction method of water-rich loess tunnel penetrating through loess towards valley |
| CN112901208B (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2021-07-30 | 中铁九局集团第七工程有限公司 | Comprehensive construction method for shallow buried section of urban railway mining method tunnel |
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