CN105948800A - 一种轻质多孔磷酸锆—磷酸铝陶瓷球的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种轻质多孔磷酸锆—磷酸铝陶瓷球的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种轻质多孔磷酸锆—磷酸铝陶瓷球的制备方法,其特征在于采用以下步骤:(1)把氧化锆,磷酸二氢铝粉末,熔块粉末进行干混;(2)造粒、成型,制得圆柱状坯体;(3)在70℃干燥坯体5小时后,把坯体放到内底部为半圆球形的氧化铝坩埚内,在大气气氛下以5℃/min的速度加热升温到150℃并保温2小时,再以10‑20℃/min的速度加热升温到380℃并保温1个小时,然后以1℃/min的速度加热升温到680℃并保温2小时,最后以5℃/min的速度加热升温到1150℃并保温2个小时,随后自然冷却到室温,即制得轻质多孔磷酸锆—磷酸铝陶瓷球。
Description
技术领域
本发明提供的是一种轻质多孔磷酸锆—磷酸铝陶瓷球的制备方法,属于特种陶瓷材料制备技术领域。
背景技术
多孔磷酸锆(ZrP2O7)—磷酸铝(AlPO4)陶瓷球在工业生产中的应用非常广泛,可以作为催化剂载体、高温过滤器、化工填料、保温和耐火材料等。在作为光催化剂载体和其他液相反应催化剂载体,以及作为水中有毒物质的吸附剂时,为了保障具有高效的催化效果和(或)吸附效率,往往要求多孔陶瓷球在水中处于悬浮状态,这就需要制备一种轻质多孔陶瓷球。目前,国内外主要是采用易烧失的有机物制成的球体作为球形坯体的“芯”,然后通过烧成除去球形有机“芯”,从而制备一种可悬浮的多孔陶瓷空心球。该方法的缺点是:成型较困难,且在有机物烧失的过程中,易导致陶瓷开裂或破坏,降低产品的成品率;此外,这种工艺过程较复杂,成本较高,经济效益差,易污染环境。为了克服上述难题,本发明了提供了一种高效、简单、安全、可靠、易于操作、成本低廉的轻质多孔磷酸铝-硅酸钙陶瓷球的制备方法。
发明内容
本发明技术提供一种高效、简单、安全、可靠、易于操作、成本低廉的轻质多孔磷酸锆—磷酸铝陶瓷球的制备方法,其技术方案为:
一种轻质多孔磷酸锆—磷酸铝陶瓷球的制备方法,其特征在于采用以下步骤:(1)把氧化锆,磷酸二氢铝粉末,熔块粉末按照质量比为1:2.58:0.03的比例进行干混;其中,熔块组成为: 50 wt%氧化锂、30 wt%的氧化钠和20 wt%的二氧化硅;(2)添加浓度为8 wt%的聚乙烯醇溶液作为粘结剂,粘结剂的添加量是坯料总质量的5%;然后造粒、成型,制得圆柱状坯体;(3)在70 ℃干燥坯体5小时后,把坯体放到内底部为半圆球形的氧化铝坩埚内,在大气气氛下以5 ℃/min的速度加热升温到150 ℃并保温2小时,再以10-20 ℃/min的速度加热升温到380 ℃并保温1个小时,然后以1 ℃/min的速度加热升温到680 ℃并保温2小时,最后以5 ℃/min的速度加热升温到1150 ℃并保温2个小时,随后自然冷却到室温,即制得轻质多孔磷酸锆—磷酸铝陶瓷球。
所述的一种轻质多孔磷酸锆—磷酸铝陶瓷球的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中的氧化锆粉末的平均粒径为0.6微米,磷酸二氢铝粉末平均粒径为0.5微米,熔块粉末的平均粒径为0.7微米。
所述的一种轻质多孔磷酸锆—磷酸铝陶瓷球的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中的成型指的是对粉体进行干压成型,成型压力为10-25MPa。
附图说明
图1是本发明技术制备的轻质多孔磷酸锆—磷酸铝陶瓷球漂浮于水中的照片;从图中可以看到:磷酸锆—磷酸铝陶瓷球漂浮于水中,说明磷酸锆—磷酸铝陶瓷球的体积密度小于水的密度,即本技术发明制备的材料属于轻质多孔陶瓷材料。
本技术发明的原理如下:
利用磷酸二氢铝在较低温度下可熔融为液体,然后在较高温度下又可凝固的性能,使得坯体在烧结过程中自发形成为球体,具体原理如下:把磷酸二氢铝加热到150 ℃、保温2小时后,磷酸二氢铝转变为为液态,然后快速加热到380 ℃并保温1小时,其目的是使各种原料在该温度下形成一种粘度很大的粘滞体。加入熔块的作用是一方面可以促进原料熔融为一种粘性很大的粘滞体,另一方面还可以增大表面张力,使得粘滞体能自发形成为球体。缓慢加热到680 ℃过程中,磷酸二氢铝逐渐凝固为固体;升温过程中,磷酸二氢铝会分解为磷酸铝、水蒸气和五氧化二磷,生成的五氧化二磷会和氧化锆反应生成磷酸锆,而水蒸气具有成孔的作用,这样就可制备轻质多孔磷酸锆和磷酸铝陶瓷。
具体实施方式
实施例1
把氧化锆粉末,磷酸二氢铝粉末,熔块粉末按照质量比为1:2.58:0.03的比例进行干混;其中,熔块中含有50 wt%氧化锂、30 wt%的氧化钠和20 wt%的二氧化硅;控制氧化锆粉末的平均粒径为0.6微米,磷酸二氢铝粉末平均粒径为0.5微米,熔块粉末的平均粒径为0.7微米;添加浓度为8 wt%的聚乙烯醇溶液作为粘结剂,粘结剂的添加量是坯料总质量的5%;然后造粒、用10MPa压力干压成型,制得圆柱状坯体;在70 ℃干燥坯体5小时后,把坯体放到内底部为半圆球形的氧化铝坩埚内,在大气气氛下以5 ℃/min的速度加热升温到150 ℃并保温2小时,再以10 ℃/min的速度加热升温到380 ℃并保温1个小时,然后以1 ℃/min的速度加热升温到680 ℃并保温2小时,最后以5 ℃/min的速度加热升温到1150 ℃并保温2个小时,随后自然冷却到室温,即制得轻质多孔磷酸锆—磷酸铝陶瓷球。用阿基米德法测得多孔陶瓷球的体积密度为0.91 g/cm3,开气孔率为36.5 %。用XRD分析测得陶瓷球的晶相为磷酸锆和磷酸铝。
实施例2
把氧化锆粉末,磷酸二氢铝粉末,熔块粉末按照质量比为1:2.58:0.03的比例进行干混;其中,熔块中含有50 wt%氧化锂、30 wt%的氧化钠和20 wt%的二氧化硅;控制氧化锆粉末的平均粒径为0.6微米,磷酸二氢铝粉末平均粒径为0.5微米,熔块粉末的平均粒径为0.7微米;添加浓度为8 wt%的聚乙烯醇溶液作为粘结剂,粘结剂的添加量是坯料总质量的5%;然后造粒、用20MPa压力干压成型,制得圆柱状坯体;在70 ℃干燥坯体5小时后,把坯体放到内底部为半圆球形的氧化铝坩埚内,在大气气氛下以5 ℃/min的速度加热升温到150 ℃并保温2小时,再以15 ℃/min的速度加热升温到380 ℃并保温1个小时,然后以1 ℃/min的速度加热升温到680 ℃并保温2小时,最后以5 ℃/min的速度加热升温到1150 ℃并保温2个小时,随后自然冷却到室温,即制得轻质多孔磷酸锆—磷酸铝陶瓷球。用阿基米德法测得多孔陶瓷球的体积密度为0.92 g/cm3,开气孔率为37 %。用XRD分析测得陶瓷球的晶相为磷酸锆和磷酸铝。
实施例3
把氧化锆粉末,磷酸二氢铝粉末,熔块粉末按照质量比为1:2.58:0.03的比例进行干混;其中,熔块中含有50 wt%氧化锂、30 wt%的氧化钠和20 wt%的二氧化硅;控制氧化锆粉末的平均粒径为0.6微米,磷酸二氢铝粉末平均粒径为0.5微米,熔块粉末的平均粒径为0.7微米;添加浓度为8 wt%的聚乙烯醇溶液作为粘结剂,粘结剂的添加量是坯料总质量的5%;然后造粒、用25 MPa压力干压成型,制得圆柱状坯体;在70 ℃干燥坯体5小时后,把坯体放到内底部为半圆球形的氧化铝坩埚内,在大气气氛下以5 ℃/min的速度加热升温到150 ℃并保温2小时,再以20 ℃/min的速度加热升温到380 ℃并保温1个小时,然后以1 ℃/min的速度加热升温到680 ℃并保温2小时,最后以5 ℃/min的速度加热升温到1150 ℃并保温2个小时,随后自然冷却到室温,即制得轻质多孔磷酸锆—磷酸铝陶瓷球。用阿基米德法测得多孔陶瓷球的体积密度为0.93g/cm3,开气孔率为39 %。用XRD分析测得陶瓷球的晶相为磷酸锆和磷酸铝。
Claims (3)
1.一种轻质多孔磷酸锆—磷酸铝陶瓷球的制备方法,其特征在于采用以下步骤:(1)把氧化锆,磷酸二氢铝粉末,熔块粉末按照质量比为1:2.58:0.03的比例进行干混;其中,熔块组成为: 50 wt%氧化锂、30 wt%的氧化钠和20 wt%的二氧化硅;(2)添加浓度为8 wt%的聚乙烯醇溶液作为粘结剂,粘结剂的添加量是坯料总质量的5%;然后造粒、成型,制得圆柱状坯体;(3)在70 ℃干燥坯体5小时后,把坯体放到内底部为半圆球形的氧化铝坩埚内,在大气气氛下以5 ℃/min的速度加热升温到150 ℃并保温2小时,再以10-20 ℃/min的速度加热升温到380 ℃并保温1个小时,然后以1 ℃/min的速度加热升温到680 ℃并保温2小时,最后以5 ℃/min的速度加热升温到1150 ℃并保温2个小时,随后自然冷却到室温,即制得轻质多孔磷酸锆—磷酸铝陶瓷球。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种轻质多孔磷酸锆—磷酸铝陶瓷球的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中的氧化锆粉末的平均粒径为0.6微米,磷酸二氢铝粉末平均粒径为0.5微米。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种轻质多孔磷酸锆—磷酸铝陶瓷球的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中的成型指的是对粉体进行干压成型,成型压力为10-25MPa。
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Cited By (4)
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CN106517794A (zh) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-03-22 | 蒙娜丽莎集团股份有限公司 | 一种光催化功能ZrP2O7微晶乳浊釉料组合物及其制备方法 |
CN109608188A (zh) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-04-12 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | 一种抗烧结焦磷酸锆多孔陶瓷及其制备方法 |
CN110937889A (zh) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-31 | 武汉科技大学 | 一种磷酸锆陶瓷材料及其制备方法 |
CN113684077A (zh) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-23 | 中国华能集团有限公司南方分公司 | 一种减少烟气中硫含量的煤炭处理方法 |
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CN101712559A (zh) * | 2009-05-25 | 2010-05-26 | 上海宝明耐火材料有限公司 | 连铸用水口内衬层材料 |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN106517794A (zh) * | 2016-10-18 | 2017-03-22 | 蒙娜丽莎集团股份有限公司 | 一种光催化功能ZrP2O7微晶乳浊釉料组合物及其制备方法 |
CN106517794B (zh) * | 2016-10-18 | 2019-02-22 | 蒙娜丽莎集团股份有限公司 | 一种光催化功能ZrP2O7微晶乳浊釉料组合物及其制备方法 |
CN109608188A (zh) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-04-12 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | 一种抗烧结焦磷酸锆多孔陶瓷及其制备方法 |
CN109608188B (zh) * | 2019-01-23 | 2021-08-10 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | 一种抗烧结焦磷酸锆多孔陶瓷及其制备方法 |
CN110937889A (zh) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-31 | 武汉科技大学 | 一种磷酸锆陶瓷材料及其制备方法 |
CN110937889B (zh) * | 2019-12-10 | 2022-03-04 | 武汉科技大学 | 一种磷酸锆陶瓷材料及其制备方法 |
CN113684077A (zh) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-23 | 中国华能集团有限公司南方分公司 | 一种减少烟气中硫含量的煤炭处理方法 |
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