CN105929305B - The non-whole mixed pressure double line down section identification of one kind and precision ranging method - Google Patents
The non-whole mixed pressure double line down section identification of one kind and precision ranging method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/085—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution lines, e.g. overhead
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of non-whole mixed pressure double line down section identifications to determine the distribution parameter of system, solve phase sequence according to coupling and non-coupled route with precision ranging method by constructing non-whole mixed pressure double loop system model;Coupling and non-coupled section fault are positioned respectively using positive-sequence component, it is analyzed using phase characteristic of the line parameter circuit value to hyperbolic tangent function, positioning failure section, judge that single nature of trouble for cross line fault or single loop line failure, and judge the loop line that confirmation is broken down to single-line fault;Calculate the beginning and end electricity of fault section, convert the fault localization of different voltages class section coupling circuit to the fault localization of homogeneous line, to the coupling circuit of parameter unbalance, mutually independent modulus is formed using phase-model transformation method, using modulus positioning failure, ranging is carried out using positive sequence amount to single loop line failure.Discrimination principles of the present invention are simple, clear process, lay a good foundation for precision ranging.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a non-whole-process mixed-voltage double-circuit line fault section identification and accurate distance measurement method.
Background
Accurate fault location on the power transmission line can realize quick elimination of line faults and timely restoration of line power supply, and is favorable for reducing economic loss caused by power failure.
The situation that single-circuit lines and double-circuit lines with different voltage levels are erected at home and abroad in a mixed mode is increased gradually, the parameters of non-whole-course multi-circuit lines with different voltage levels are not uniform any more, the coupling relation is more complex, the parameters of the multi-circuit lines are asymmetric, the conventional distance measuring method is not applicable any more, and a fault distance measuring method of the non-whole-course multi-circuit lines with different voltage levels needs to be researched.
The theory and method of single circuit line and double circuit line on the same pole are mature at the present stage, the research on four circuit lines on the same pole and four circuit lines with different voltage levels is also advanced, but the section identification and distance measurement research on non-whole mixed-voltage multi-circuit lines is less, only the research needs to measure the distance by taking the fault section as a precondition, and the precision is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for identifying and accurately measuring a fault section of a non-whole-process mixed-voltage double-circuit line, aiming at solving the problems. When different sections have faults, the denominator of the positioning function on the normal loop is 0, the phase of the positioning function of the fault loop is obvious from positive and negative characteristics, the fault sections can be accurately positioned, the cross-line fault and the single-loop fault can be distinguished, and the single-loop fault can be correctly selected. On the basis of determining a fault section, forming mutually independent 6 moduli for a coupling line with asymmetric parameters by adopting a phase-mode conversion method, and positioning the fault by utilizing the moduli; and (5) adopting positive sequence quantity to measure the distance of the single loop fault. The method has accurate identification of the fault section and higher ranging precision.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a non-whole-process mixed-voltage double-circuit line fault section identification and accurate distance measurement method comprises the following steps:
(1) constructing a non-whole-process mixed-voltage double-circuit system model, determining distribution parameters of the system, and solving a phase sequence according to coupled and uncoupled lines;
(2) respectively positioning the faults of the coupling section and the non-coupling section by adopting a positive sequence component, analyzing the phase characteristics of the hyperbolic tangent function by utilizing line parameters, positioning the fault section, judging whether the single fault is a cross-line fault or a single-circuit fault, and judging the single-line fault to determine a circuit line with a fault;
(3) calculating the electric quantity of a starting point and an end point of a fault section, converting fault location of partial coupling lines with different voltage levels into fault location of uniform lines, forming mutually independent moduli for the coupling lines with asymmetric parameters by adopting a phase-mode conversion method, positioning faults by utilizing the moduli, and locating the single-loop faults by adopting positive sequence quantity.
In the step (1), decoupling is carried out on the non-coupled line by adopting a symmetric component method, decoupling is carried out on the coupled line by adopting a mode of superposition of 2 symmetric component method transformation matrixes, and a positive sequence network diagram is obtained through calculation.
In the step (2), in the non-coupled line, the sum of the current vectors counted from the head end and the tail end of the normal loop dividing point is zero.
In the step (2), when a short-circuit fault occurs in the line coupling section, due to the coupling characteristic, fault sources exist in both the double-circuit positive sequence network and the double-circuit positive sequence network.
In the step (2), it is first determined whether the sum of the current vectors counted from the head end and the tail end at the dividing point of each return line is zero, if so, the return line where the dividing point is located has no fault, otherwise, the return line has a fault.
In the step (2), the identification function of each dividing point is calculated, and the head end or the tail end of the return line where the fault point is located is determined according to the size relation between the identification function and zero.
In the step (3), positive sequence ranging is adopted for single-circuit line faults, and modulus ranging is adopted for coupling part line faults; the starting point and the end point electric quantity of the fault section are obtained by pushing from two sides of the line by using a transmission equation; and solving the fault position in the corresponding section by adopting a dichotomy or a line search method according to the characteristic that the voltage amplitude obtained on the two sides of the fault point is minimum.
In the step (3), the voltage at the fault point calculated from the line demarcation point meets the minimum absolute value along the line.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) constructing a function at a line demarcation point by using the phase step characteristic of the hyperbolic tangent function, and realizing accurate positioning of a fault section and correct line selection by judging the denominator and the positive and negative phases of the function;
(2) the discrimination principle is simple, the flow is clear, and a foundation is laid for accurate distance measurement;
(3) after the fault section is determined, positive sequence quantity ranging is adopted for single-loop faults, modulus ranging is adopted for the coupling section of the asymmetric parameters based on a phase-mode conversion theory, the ranging precision of the faults along the line is good, and the influences of fault types and transition resistance are avoided;
(4) aiming at a multi-circuit and multi-section mixed line, a research idea of identifying a fault section by using a positive sequence quantity and accurately positioning a fault by using a modulus is established, and reference significance is provided for non-whole-process four-circuit lines with different voltage levels.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a system model architecture of the present invention;
FIG. 2(a) is a positive sequence diagram of the I loop of the present invention;
FIG. 2(b) is a positive sequence diagram of the second loop of the present invention;
FIG. 3(a) shows MK according to the invention1When a section fails, a positive sequence network diagram of a first return wire is obtained;
FIG. 3(b) shows MK according to the invention1A positive sequence network diagram of II return wires when a section fails;
FIG. 4(a) shows K of the present invention1A positive sequence network diagram of the I return line when N sections of faults occur;
FIG. 4(b) shows K of the present invention1N sections of positive sequence network diagrams of II return wires in fault;
FIG. 5(a) is a positive sequence diagram of loop I when a coupling section fails according to the present invention;
FIG. 5(b) is a net diagram of the positive sequence of the II loops in case of a coupling section failure according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows a positive net Z of the present inventionc tanhγxA phase frequency characteristic diagram;
fig. 7 is a flow chart of the fault identification of the present invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
1 non-whole-process mixed-voltage double-loop distribution parameter model and phase sequence calculation
The non-global mixed-pressure double-circuit system model is shown in figure 1. In the figure, ZsⅠm,ZsⅡmRespectively obtaining the impedance of the end system M of the I loop and the II loop; zsⅠn、ZsⅡnRespectively the impedance of the N end systems of the I loop and the II loop; z1、Y1、Z3、Y3Respectively obtaining the line impedance and admittance parameters of the non-coupled part of the I loop and the II loop; z2、Y2Respectively coupling section line impedance and admittance parameters. I, II return line K1K2、K3K4The coupling phenomenon exists due to the fact that the distances among the lines are close, the rest parts are non-coupling parts, the left sides and the right sides of the coupling sections are defined as a first section and a last section, and the lengths of the sections are marked as in the figure 1.
Decoupling is carried out on the non-coupled line by adopting a symmetric component method, and decoupling is carried out on the coupled line by adopting a mode of transforming matrix superposition of 2 symmetric component methods. After decoupling, a complete and independent positive sequence network diagram can be obtained, and fig. 2(a) and 2(b) are the positive sequence network diagrams when the coupling part of the system fails.
In FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b), ZSMI1、ZSNI1Is a positive sequence double-end equivalent resistance of the I loop, ZSMⅡ1、ZSNⅡ1The equivalent resistance of the positive sequence double ends of the loop II.
2 different section Fault location function
The segment fault location employs a positive sequence component. The meaning of the parameters in this section is as follows: gamma ray1_m、Zc1_mPositive sequence propagation coefficient and wave impedance, gamma, of the uncoupled section of the loops I, II2_m、Zc2_mThe positive sequence propagation coefficient and the wave impedance of the coupling section are m ═ I and II, and represent the number of loops.
2.1 uncoupled section Fault
2.1.1 first line Fault
First MK with I loop1Segment failure is an example. When MK1When a section fails, the reference directions of the loops I and II are shown in fig. 3(a) and 3 (b).
The voltage current of the fault point f is derived from the side M
UfI1=UmI1coshγ1_Ix-ImI1Zc1_Isinhγ1_Ix
ImfI1=ImI1coshγ1_Ix-UmI1sinhγ1_Ix/Zc1_I (1)
Wherein U ismI1、ImI1Is the M-side positive-sequence fundamental frequency component. At fault point f, the following current relationship exists:
Ifk1=ImfI1-IfI1 (2)
IfI1current is injected for the fault. Deriving the demarcation point K from the voltage and current at point f1Voltage current at (b):
the vertical type (1), (2) and (3) are combined to obtain:
wherein,k derived directly from side M for normal operation of line1The voltage and the current of the loop wire in the point positive sequence I meet the following requirements:
formula (4) is K at fault1And (4) a relational expression of the voltage and the current of the actual positive sequence loop I and normal operation is calculated.
From the N side via K2Point push K1The voltage current at is as follows:
k derived from M side and from N side1The voltages at the positions are equal, the currents are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, and the following relations exist:
formula (4) and formula (6) are taken together:
the positioning function is constructed using equations (7) and (8) as follows:
in the same way, the demarcation point K2To
Normal operation of II return line, boundary point K3、K4Is satisfied with
Wherein,for K estimated from M, N side electric quantity3Point II loop positive sequence current magnitude;respectively, K estimated from the M, N side electric quantity4Point ii loops back the amount of positive sequence current.
2.1.2 end segment line faults
Using I loop back to end K2Positive sequence with a fault in N sections as an exampleThe web reference direction is shown in fig. 4(a), 4 (b).
At this time, the boundary point K1:
Imk1+Ink1=Zc2_Icoshγ2_Il5coshγ1_I(x-l5-l1)+Zc1_Isinhγ2_Il5sinhγ1_I(x-l5-l1) (13)
The identification function at the boundary point K1 is obtained from a comparison of equations (13) and (14):
similarly, the identification function of the point K2 is:
normal operation of II return line, boundary point K3、K4Also meets
2.2 coupled zone Fault
When a short-circuit fault occurs in the line coupling section, due to the coupling characteristics, the fault source exists in both the first and second loop normal sequence networks, as shown in fig. 5(a) and 5 (b).
K1、K2The point identification function is as follows:
similarly, in the second-loop positive-sequence network, the dividing point K3、K4To
3 fault zone location principle and analysis
Analyzing the phase characteristic of the hyperbolic tangent function by using the line parameters, and obtaining a positive sequence parameter Z of the double-loopctanh γ x has the phase property shown in fig. 6.
The phase step property of the hyperbolic tangent function is known as: x is less than 0, Zcthe phase of the tanh gamma x is-90 degrees; x > 0, Zcthe tanh γ x phase is 90 °.
With reference to fig. 6, the phase analysis of the fault section identification functions at 4 demarcation points when different faults occur is as follows:
(1) failure of uncoupled section (taking loop I as an example)
a. The fault point is at the first section of the I return line1-x>0)
arg f1(x)=arg(-Zc1_I tanhγ1_I(l1-x))<0
Since the wave impedance and the propagation coefficient of the transmission line are greatly different in magnitude, it can be considered that | ZcI > 1 > | tanh γ x |, hence argf2(x) The following can be simplified:
b. the fault point is at the end (x-l) of the I return line5-l1>0)
arg f2(x)=arg(Zc2_Itanhγ2_I(x-l1-l5))>0
Since the principle of the loop II is the same, Z isc1_I、γ1_IIs changed to Zc1_II、γ1_IIThat is, the description is omitted.
(2) Coupled section failure (x-l)1>0,l1+l5-x>0)
arg f1(x)<0,arg f2(x)>0;
arg f3(x)<0,arg f4(x)>0;
Observing the positioning function of the section, finding that the positive and negative of the positioning function phase at the demarcation point is only related to the fault position and the wave impedance of the receiving line
And the propagation coefficient is less affected.
The characteristics of the zone location function when a fault occurs in different zones are summarized in table 1.
TABLE 1 Fault zone location function characterization
The fault identification process can be described as firstly judging the demarcation point of each circuit lineIf the number n is 0, and n is 1,3 or 2,4, if the number n is 0, the loop where the dividing point is located has no fault, otherwise, the loop has a fault, and the judgment of the fault section and the fault property can be completed by combining table 1. FIG. 7 is a flow chart of fault identification, wherein the identification of the fault section of loop I is similar to that of loop II, and the diagram is not expanded in detail due to space limitations.
By utilizing the step characteristic of the hyperbolic tangent function, the fault section positioning function can accurately position the fault section, judge whether the single fault is a cross-line fault or a single-line fault, and judge which line fails according to the single-line fault. The positioning function is also suitable for non-whole double circuit lines with the same voltage grade and more complex mixed parallel transmission lines with two or more than three sections.
4 line parameter decoupling calculation and accurate distance measurement principle
After the fault section is determined, the fault distance measurement problem of the coupling line of the parts with different voltage levels is converted into the fault distance measurement problem of the uniform line by calculating the electric quantity of the starting point and the ending point of the fault section. The uncoupled section can locate the fault with a positive sequence component. For the coupling section line, due to different asymmetries of admittance and impedance parameter matrixes, the new six-sequence component method is adopted, so that conversion matrixes for completely decoupling the distribution parameter Z and the distribution parameter Y are different, and voltage and current quantity cannot be decoupled uniformly. Therefore, after complete decoupling is realized by adopting a phase-mode transformation principle, fault location is carried out by utilizing an independent modulus.
4.1 decoupling analysis of asymmetric parameter lines
The known distributed parameter model on the multi-conductor path is as follows:
wherein, du and di are the voltage drop and current increment column vector on the dx section on six wires respectively; [ Z ] is a line impedance matrix of unit length; [ Y ] is a line admittance matrix of unit length.
S is a voltage mode transformation matrix, Q is a current mode transformation matrix, and S, Q is composed of characteristic phasors of matrix products [ Z ] [ Y ] and [ Y ] [ Z ] respectively. The voltage and current phase-mode conversion relationship is as follows
Wherein m represents the modulus.
The phase impedance and admittance parameters of the line are transformed into mode impedance and admittance parameters through S, Q, and the specific transformation relationship is as follows:
Zm、Ymmodulus impedance and admittance parameter matrixes are respectively a diagonal matrix.
4.2 double-end distance measuring principle
The distance measurement principle can be described as that positive sequence distance measurement is adopted for single-loop faults, and modulus distance measurement is adopted for coupling part line faults; the starting point and the end point electric quantity of the fault section are obtained by pushing from two sides of the line by using a transmission equation; and solving the fault position in the corresponding section by adopting a dichotomy or a line search method according to the characteristic that the voltage amplitude obtained on the two sides of the fault point is minimum.
Take the case of a fault in the line coupling portion of the i-loop as an example. The voltage and current at the starting point of the coupling line are set toThe voltage and current at the end point areDerived from both sides of the wire, m represents the modulus.
The following relationships exist at the fault point:
from line boundary point K1(K3)、K2(K4) It is deduced that the voltage at the fault point satisfies the minimum absolute value along the line, namely:
5 simulation verification
The system model is shown in fig. 1. In the figure, the voltage grade of a loop I is 500kV, and the phase angle difference between two ends is 20 degrees; and the voltage grade of the II loop is 220kV, and the phase angle difference between two ends is 10 degrees. The positive sequence impedance of the M end of the line is 1.250+ j16.932 omega, the zero sequence impedance is 6.888+ j43.139 omega, the positive sequence impedance of the N-end system is 1.042+ j14.11 omega, the zero sequence impedance is 5.74+ j35.949 omega, and the amplitude of a power supply at the M, N side is 1.05 times of per unit value and per unit value. The line parameters are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 parameter List
Table 3 shows the ranging results of different positions when the first section of the loop line I breaks down, and the transition resistances are all set to be 50 omega. Wherein, IAG fault means that I return line A phase is grounded through a transition resistor. The relative range error is calculated by the formula
Table 4 shows the fault location results at different positions when a single-loop or cross-loop fault occurs in the coupling part of the line, the transition resistance is 50 Ω, and the fault position and the location result in the table are unified as the distance from the fault point to the end M of the i loop.
TABLE 3 Fault results at different locations for uncoupled section first segment Fault
TABLE 4 ranging results for different positions of coupling section line fault
Comparing arg (f) in Table 3 and Table 41) The bold marking data in one column shows that when the demarcation point is in fault, the fault section function can be positioned in a certain section on two sides of the demarcation point, but the distance measurement results of adjacent sections are correct, and the problem of judgment error at the connecting point does not exist.
Table 5 shows the results of the effects of the transition resistance on the distance measurement when IBC faults occur at different positions of the tail section of the loop I. As can be seen from tables 3-5, the phase of the positioning function at different positions does not change greatly with the distance from the dividing point, and the positive and negative characteristics are obvious.
TABLE 5 ranging results for different transition resistances at end of uncoupled section
Simulation shows that the method provided by the invention has the advantages of accurate section positioning, high ranging precision and no influence of fault types and transition resistance.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A non-whole-process mixed-voltage double-circuit line fault section identification and accurate distance measurement method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) constructing a non-whole-process mixed-voltage double-circuit system model, determining distribution parameters of the system, and solving a phase sequence according to coupled and uncoupled lines;
(2) respectively positioning the faults of the coupling section and the non-coupling section by adopting a positive sequence component, analyzing the phase characteristics of the hyperbolic tangent function to position the fault section, judging whether the single fault is a cross-line fault or a single-circuit fault by judging the single-line fault to determine the circuit line with the fault when different sections have faults according to the phase characteristics of the hyperbolic tangent function, wherein the denominator of the positioning function on a normal circuit is 0 and the phase of the positioning function of the fault circuit is obvious from positive and negative characteristics;
(3) calculating the starting point and the end point electric quantity of a fault section, converting the fault location of partial coupling lines with different voltage levels into the fault location of uniform lines, forming mutually independent moduli for the coupling lines with asymmetric parameters by adopting a phase-mode conversion method, positioning faults by utilizing the moduli, and locating the single-circuit faults by adopting positive sequence quantity;
wherein the dividing point K1The positioning function of (a) is:
demarcation point K2The localization function of (a) is:
similarly, the identification function of the point K2 is:
K1、K2the point identification function is as follows:
demarcation point K3、K4Treating:
2. the method for identifying and accurately measuring the fault section of the non-global mixed-voltage double circuit line as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (1), decoupling is carried out on the non-coupled line by adopting a symmetric component method, and decoupling is carried out on the coupled line by adopting a mode of superposing 2 symmetric component transformation matrixes to obtain a positive sequence network diagram.
3. The method for identifying and accurately measuring the fault section of the non-global mixed-voltage double circuit line as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (2), in the non-coupled line, the sum of the current vectors counted from the head end and the tail end of the normal loop dividing point is zero.
4. The method for identifying and accurately measuring the fault section of the non-global mixed-voltage double circuit line as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (2), when a short-circuit fault occurs in the line coupling section, due to the coupling characteristic, fault sources exist in both the double-circuit positive sequence network and the double-circuit positive sequence network.
5. The method for identifying and accurately measuring the fault section of the non-global mixed-voltage double circuit line as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (2), it is first determined whether the sum of the current vectors counted from the head end and the tail end at the dividing point of each return line is zero, if so, the return line where the dividing point is located has no fault, otherwise, the return line has a fault.
6. The method for identifying and accurately measuring the fault section of the non-global mixed-voltage double circuit line as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (2), the identification function of each dividing point is calculated, and the head end or the tail end of the return line where the fault point is located is determined according to the size relation between the identification function and zero.
7. The method for identifying and accurately measuring the fault section of the non-global mixed-voltage double circuit line as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (3), positive sequence ranging is adopted for single-circuit line faults, and modulus ranging is adopted for coupling part line faults; the starting point and the end point electric quantity of the fault section are obtained by pushing from two sides of the line by using a transmission equation; and solving the fault position in the corresponding section by adopting a dichotomy or a line search method according to the characteristic that the voltage amplitude obtained on the two sides of the fault point is minimum.
8. The method for identifying and accurately measuring the fault section of the non-global mixed-voltage double circuit line as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (3), the voltage at the fault point calculated from the line demarcation point meets the minimum absolute value along the line.
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