CN105928790A - Steel strand tensile test method - Google Patents
Steel strand tensile test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105928790A CN105928790A CN201610544360.7A CN201610544360A CN105928790A CN 105928790 A CN105928790 A CN 105928790A CN 201610544360 A CN201610544360 A CN 201610544360A CN 105928790 A CN105928790 A CN 105928790A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
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Abstract
The invention relates to a steel strand tensile test method, in particular relates to a test method capable of accurately detecting a tensile property of a steel strand, and belongs to the field of the detection of steel strands. The steel strand tensile test method adopts a tensile test machine to determine the tensile property of a steel strand sample, utilizes tin liquor to cast two ends of the steel strand sample, controls the temperature of the tin liquor at 235 to 400 DEG C when in casting and prepares a steel strand tensile sample with solidified tin blocks on ends, wherein the solidified tin blocks are matched with a test machine fixture. The method is simple in operation, low in cost, high in reliability, capable of effectively avoiding the slippage of the steel strand when in stretching, capable of accurately detecting the tensile property of the steel strand, and capable of better reflecting the actual tensile property of the steel strand.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of steel strand tensile tests method, be specifically related to a kind of examination that can accurately detect Method of Steel Strand Stretching performance
Proved recipe method, belongs to steel strand detection field.
Background technology
Generally, during the tension test carrying out steel strand wires, need first to be fixedly clamped at steel strand wires two ends, and ensure steel
Twisted wire axially loaded, during axial tension, steel strand wires extend, when axial tension reaches steel due to self plastic deformation
The twisted wire limit causes steel strand wires to be broken.Obtain occurring the deflection of the steel strand wires after plastic deformation by measurement, and steel strand wires
Limiting damage force value, calculates steel strand wires Non-proportional extension power, elastic modelling quantity and tensile strength etc..In whole test journey, the heaviest
That wants is to ensure that steel strand wires and fixture do not occur relative movement.
But, owing to steel strand wires are by the many stranded steel products constituted of steel wire, its intensity is high, and test force is big, in stretching examination
When testing, affected by factors such as grip of testing machine and self special constructions, be susceptible to the phenomenon of one or a few steel wire sliding.
For avoiding steel strand wires steel wire generation sliding, in daily steel strand experiment, generally use big chucking power and steel strand wires sample two ends are entered
Row clamping, but, owing to the chucking power of grip of testing machine is excessive, easily steel wire is crushed, cause clamping during steel strand experiment
Portion fractures, or rupture in the position that distance retained part is nearer, cause steel strand tensile tests Lower result, although sometimes
Tensile property measured by time reaches the regulation of relevant criterion, but is difficult to the real tensile property of steel strand wires be detected, and then causes
Test failure.Obviously, use increase chucking power mode not solve the problem that steel strand tensile tests runs into, so that other
Can accurately detect the test method of Method of Steel Strand Stretching performance.
Patent 201210091982.0 discloses a kind of method detecting overall breaking force of steel wire rope.The method is by steel wire rope two ends
Casting zinc liquid, prepares the both ends steel wire rope sample with solidification spelter, then carries out tension test.The method can detect steel
The whole rope rupture pull force of cord, but, owing to when zinc liquid is cast, temperature is higher, steel wire can be produced certain impact, therefore,
When using the tension test that the method carries out steel strand wires, its fracture position, near solidification zinc head, causes its result of the test on the low side.
Additionally, for steel strand wires, owing to the composition steel wire of steel strand wires is less, when casting, the steel strand wires fag end that intensity rank is high holds
Easily skid off from watering deadhead, affect test result.
Summary of the invention
For deficiencies of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide one and can accurately detect Method of Steel Strand Stretching
The test method of energy.
Steel strand tensile tests method of the present invention, uses the tensile property of stretching test machine determination steel strand wires sample, it is characterised in that:
Casting steel strand wires sample two ends by tin liquor, controlling the temperature of tin liquor during casting is 235～400 DEG C, prepares end with solidifying
Gu the Method of Steel Strand Stretching sample of block tin, its solidification block tin mates with grip of testing machine.
Preferably, before casting, steel strand wires sample two ends are handled as follows successively:
1) steel strand wires sample two ends are tied up, after completing, are scattered in two ends；
2) steel wire scattering steel strand wires sample two ends grinds；
3) midpoint of the steel wire scattered at steel strand wires sample two ends carries out bending；
4) steel wire after the two ends bending of steel strand wires sample is suppressed, until sample two ends can be positioned in casting die, and
Every steel wire does not contacts with each other；
5) steel wire scattered in steel strand wires sample two ends is cleaned.
Further, step 1) in, preferably bundling position two, two ends of distance steel twisted wire sample clamping length respectively, often locates bundle
Prick at least be wound around 5 circle and more than.
Further, step 2) in, the steel wire preferably scattered two ends with sand paper grinds, until every steel wire exposes gold
Belong to gloss area and reach more than 60%.
Further, step 3) in, the steel wire preferably scattered sample two ends with angle-bender carries out bending, angle of bend
More than 120 degree, and the bending part of same steel wire does not contacts with each other with non-bending part, and curved core diameter is more than 30mm.
Further, step 3) in, when the steel wire quantity of described steel strand wires sample is more than 7, only peripheral steel wire is rolled over
Curved, steel wire will be enclosed after bending and remove a clamping length.
Further, step 5) in, adopt and clean the steel wire scattered in steel strand wires sample two ends with the following method: first with ethanol pair
Steel wire is carried out, and removes surface and oil contaminant and ferrum is cut；Then being rinsed two ends steel wire with flowing water, every steel wire at least rinses
One time；The steel wire at the steel strand wires sample two ends finally cleaning completed dries.
Wherein, described casting comprises the steps: to be positioned among mould by two ends of described steel strand wires sample,
In mould, inject tin liquor, take out after tin liquor solidifies, another in said two end is positioned among mould, Xiang Mo
Tool injects tin liquor, takes out after tin liquor solidifies, obtain the end steel strand wires sample with solidification block tin.
Preferably, described tin liquor obtains through the following steps: first, opens high temperature furnace, is put into by block tin；Then high temperature is started
Stove heater, begins to warm up；Finally, treating that high temperature furnace temperature reaches 630 DEG C, in stove, block tin is the most melted, starts insulation,
Temperature retention time at least 15 minutes, i.e. obtains casting tin liquor.
Preferably, the inventive method also includes the solidification stannum reclaiming and having melted the steel strand wires sample two ends of tension test
Block, is re-used for the step of casting.
Compared with prior art, a kind of steel strand tensile tests method of the present invention is simple to operate, low cost, reliability high, energy
It is prevented effectively from steel strand wires steel wire, when stretching, sliding occurs, and then can accurately detect Method of Steel Strand Stretching performance, more real anti-
Reflect Method of Steel Strand Stretching performance.This will develop for steel strand wires, performance boost provides strong support, and have good social benefit and and warp
Ji benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the schematic diagram that scatters is tied up at steel strand wires sample two ends.
Fig. 2 is schematic diagram after steel strand wires sample bending.
Fig. 3 is schematic diagram after the casting of steel strand wires sample.
Detailed description of the invention
Steel strand tensile tests method of the present invention, uses the tensile property of stretching test machine determination steel strand wires sample, it is characterised in that:
Casting steel strand wires sample two ends by tin liquor, controlling the temperature of tin liquor during casting is 235～400 DEG C, prepares end with solidifying
Gu the Method of Steel Strand Stretching sample of block tin, its solidification block tin mates with grip of testing machine.
It is to make the shape of solidification block tin just can be by grip of testing machine that solidification block tin of the present invention mates with grip of testing machine
Clamping.Casting of the present invention is only carried out at steel strand wires two ends, need to ensure that tin liquor will not flow in steel strand wires sample during casting
Between part.
The inventors discovered that, selecting tin melt to cast, stannum fusing point is low, and quick heating easily melts, and tin liquor merges with steel wire
Good, the sample stress made after tin liquor solidification is optimum.During cast, need strictly to control cast temperature, could merge with steel wire
Good, it is not susceptible to the phenomenons such as stannum head cracking.After solidification, when carrying out tension test, fag end is firmly hardly damaged, and fracture position is from bundle
Zha Chu (i.e. bottom stannum head) is remote, and on tensile testing machine, stress is optimum, can reflect Method of Steel Strand Stretching performance the most really.
Preferably, in order to make casting more firm, prevent steel strand wires fag end from skidding off from mould simultaneously, before casting, steel is twisted
Line sample two ends are handled as follows successively:
1) steel strand wires sample two ends are tied up, after completing, are scattered in two ends；
2) steel wire scattering steel strand wires sample two ends grinds；
3) midpoint of the steel wire scattered at steel strand wires sample two ends carries out bending；
4) steel wire after the two ends bending of steel strand wires sample is suppressed, until sample two ends can be positioned in casting die, and
Every steel wire does not contacts with each other；
5) steel wire scattered in steel strand wires sample two ends is cleaned.
Further, step 1) in, preferably bundling position two, two ends of distance steel twisted wire sample clamping length respectively, often locates bundle
Prick at least be wound around 5 circles and more than, tie up test length between should not tying up two and produce impact.Described test length should meet
Relevant criterion requirement.
Further, grind effect, step 2 for improving) in the steel wire that preferably with sand paper, scattered in two ends grind, until
Every steel wire exposes metallic luster area and reaches more than 60%.Grinding rear Steel Wire Surface can not have macroscopic floating rust, pockmark etc. to lack
Fall into, it is allowed to have temper color.Described expose metallic luster area to reach more than 60% metallic luster exposed for every steel wire basic
On the area that is evenly distributed in Steel Wire Surface reach more than 60%, do not include that local reaches more than 60%.Described sand paper is 500
Mesh and more than.
In order to increase the frictional resistance of tin liquor and steel wire, the stannum head after casting is enable to bear bigger pulling force, the most anti-
Only steel strand wires fag end easily skids off from mould, step 3) in, the steel wire preferably with angle-bender, scattered in sample two ends
Carrying out bending, angle of bend is more than 120 degree, and the bending part of same steel wire does not contacts with each other with non-bending part, and curved core is straight
Footpath is more than 30mm.Curved core diameter of the present invention refers to the distance after steel wire bent 180 degree between two inner surfacies.
Preferably, step 3) in, when the steel wire quantity of described steel strand wires sample is more than 7, only peripheral steel wire is carried out bending,
Steel wire will be enclosed after bending and remove a clamping length.
Further, for improving cleaning performance, step 5) in, it is preferred to use following method is cleaned steel strand wires sample two ends and is scattered
Steel wire: first with ethanol, steel wire is carried out, removes surface and oil contaminant, ferrum and the foreign body such as cut；Then with flowing water to two ends steel wire
Being rinsed, every steel wire at least rinses one time；The steel wire at the steel strand wires sample two ends finally cleaning completed dries.This
In, described ethanol can be that alcohol analyzed by ethanol etc..
Steel steel wire is ground with sand paper, steel wire is carried out bending, the step cleaning steel wire, predominantly with angle-bender
Casting is firmly.With sand paper, steel steel wire is ground removing steel wire floating rust, pockmark or other foreign bodies, prevent from casting is produced
Impact.With angle-bender, steel wire is carried out bending and mainly increase the frictional resistance of tin liquor and steel wire, enable the stannum head after casting
Bear bigger pulling force.Steel wire is cleaned can remove on steel wire grind through sand paper, impurity that angle-bender bending stays, make stannum
Liquid can preferably merge with steel wire.
Step 4) in, the steel wire after the bending of sample two ends is suppressed, until sample two ends can be positioned over by available compressor
In casting grinding tool.
Putting into the steel wire scattered two ends of steel strand wires sample of casting in mould can not intersect, all around steel wire can not contact with each other,
This mainly makes all steel wires all uniform stresseds at steel strand wires sample two ends.Add the tin liquor casting of specified temp, during test,
Fag end is firmly hardly damaged, and fracture position is from tying up away from place's (bottom stannum head), and on tensile testing machine, stress is optimum, the most truly
Reflect Method of Steel Strand Stretching performance.
Further, described casting comprise the steps: to be positioned in two ends of described steel strand wires sample mould it
In, in mould, inject tin liquor, take out after tin liquor solidifies, another in said two end is positioned among mould,
In mould, inject tin liquor, take out after tin liquor solidifies, obtain the end steel strand wires sample with solidification block tin；The most described stannum
Liquid obtains through the following steps: first, opens high temperature furnace, is put into by block tin；Then start high temperature furnace heater, start to add
Heat；Finally, treating that high temperature furnace temperature reaches 630 DEG C, in stove, block tin is the most melted, starts to be incubated, temperature retention time at least 15 minutes,
I.e. obtain casting tin liquor.
The fusing point of stannum is 231.89 DEG C, and boiling point is 2260 DEG C, is heated to 630 DEG C and is because taking out tin liquor from high temperature furnace pouring into
In casting mold, pouring into a mould steel strand wires fag end, this process needs certain time, and the temperature of tin liquor declines quickly, because of
This must be selected above the melting temperature of stannum, otherwise, tin liquor take out from high temperature furnace be not the most poured in mould the most along with
Temperature reduces and solidifies, and rule of thumb, 630 DEG C is the optimum temperature that tin liquor heats, at this temperature after heating, during tin liquor casting
Can guarantee that its cast temperature on fusing point, less than 400 DEG C.
Further, after described casting, also the steel strand wires sample two ends fag end cast is naturally cooled to the step of room temperature, cold
But time more than at least 24 hours.
One clamping length is identical with grip of testing machine height, and during for preventing from casting, tin liquor is overflowed, and a clamping length should be little
In casting die height.
First step steel wire scatters, the 3rd step steel wire bending, the 4th step compressor compacting, put in mould casting steel strand wires sample two
The steel wire scattered in individual end can not intersect, and all around steel wire can not contact with each other, and this mainly makes the institute at steel strand wires sample two ends
Having steel wire all uniform stresseds, then add specific tin liquor cast temperature, during test, fag end is firmly hardly damaged, and fracture position is from bundle
Zha Chu (bottom stannum head) is remote, and on tensile testing machine, stress is optimum, reflects Method of Steel Strand Stretching performance the most really.
Steel strand wires sample two ends fag end casting shape is determined by grip of testing machine.
For putting in mould by steel strand wires, described mould is set to can be with separate two deciles, and mold bottom is provided with for for steel
The perforate that twisted wire sample passes, and the height of the end of the steel strand wires sample being positioned in mould can be made to be less than by described perforate
The degree of depth of dies cavity.Described mold cavity bottoms perforate should be able to gap between sealed mold and steel strand wires sample, stannum when preventing casting
Liquid is revealed.Having space below described mould, this space has the portion that can make steel strand wires sample in addition to the part being positioned in mould
Divide without the most sagging height.
Described method also includes the solidification block tin reclaiming and having melted the sample two ends of tension test, to be re-used for the step of cast
Suddenly.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is further described, the most therefore limits the present invention to institute
Among the scope of embodiments stated.
Embodiment 1
The tensile property of tested steel twisted wire by the following method:
Steel strand wires sample two ends are tied up by the first step, bundling position two, two ends of distance steel twisted wire sample clamping length respectively,
Often place tie up at least be wound around 5 circle and more than, after completing, are scattered in two ends, the steel wire after scattering can not intersect, front and back
Left and right steel wire can not contact with each other, as shown in Figure 1.
Second step, the steel wire scattered steel strand wires sample two ends with 500 mesh and above sand paper grinds, until every steel wire
Exposing metallic luster area and reach more than 60%, grinding rear Steel Wire Surface can not have the defects such as macroscopic floating rust, pockmark, permits
Permitted there is temper color.
3rd step, the steel wire scattered sample two ends with angle-bender carries out bending, and angle of bend is about 180 degree, and curved core is straight
Footpath is more than 30mm.When the steel wire quantity of steel strand wires sample is more than 7, only peripheral steel wire is carried out bending, will after bending
Enclose steel wire and remove a clamping length.After bending, steel wire can not intersect, and all around steel wire can not contact with each other, such as figure
Shown in 2.
4th step, suppresses the steel wire after the bending of sample two ends with compressor, until sample two ends can be positioned over casting mill
In tool, steel wire can not intersect, and all around steel wire can not contact with each other.
5th step, cleans the steel wire scattered in steel strand wires sample two ends, is first carried out steel wire with ethanol, removing surface and oil contaminant,
Ferrum such as cuts at the foreign body, is then rinsed two ends steel wire with flowing water, and every steel wire at least rinses one time, finally cleaning is completed
The steel wire at steel strand wires sample two ends dries.
6th step, opens high temperature furnace, is put into by block tin, starts high temperature furnace heater, begins to warm up, treat that high temperature furnace temperature reaches
To 630 DEG C, in stove, block tin is the most melted, starts insulation, temperature retention time at least 15 minutes, obtains casting stannum after being incubated
Liquid.
Being cast in steel strand wires sample two ends by the 7th step by tin liquor, controlling cast temperature is 235～400 DEG C, prepares end band
There is the Method of Steel Strand Stretching sample of solidification block tin.In two ends of described steel strand wires sample one is positioned among mould, Xiang Mo
Tool injects tin liquor, takes out after tin liquor solidifies, another in said two end is positioned among mould, in mould
Inject tin liquor, take out after tin liquor solidifies, obtain the end steel wire rope sample with solidification block tin, as shown in Figure 3.Described put
It is placed in two ends of steel strand wires sample among mould and is less than dies cavity height.
8th step, naturally cools to room temperature, more than at least 24 hours cool time by the steel strand wires sample two ends fag end cast.
After 9th step, reaches regulation cool time, and steel strand wires sample two ends fag end becomes room temperature, steel strand wires sample is drawn
Stretch test.Result of the test such as table 1.
Tenth step, under the stannum head saw at the steel strand wires sample two ends after having tested, puts in time testing in high temperature furnace next time, drags for
Going out fag end, tin liquor is continuing with.
Certain prestress steel twist line structure 1 × 7, nominal diameter 15.20mm, intensity rank is 1670MPa, and its standard gauge definite value is:
Tensile strength Rm≥1670MPa；Maximum, force F of whole steel strand wiresm>=234KN, it is stipulated that Non-proportional extension power
FP0.2>=211KN, maximum, force percentage of total elongation Agt>=3.5%.Result of the test is as follows:
Table 1
Finding in process of the test, the method using the embodiment of the present invention 1, fracture location distance retained part farther out, and uses
Directly clamping and the method for patent 201210091982.0, steel strand wires rupture from retained part.
As shown in Table 1, the tensile property using this method to obtain is substantially better than direct chucking method and patent 201210091982.0
Method.
In sum, a kind of steel strand tensile tests method of the present invention can simplify detecting step, reduce testing cost and
Method of Steel Strand Stretching performance can be improved with more real Method of Steel Strand Stretching performance.
Claims (10)
1. a steel strand tensile tests method, uses the tensile property of stretching test machine determination steel strand wires sample, it is characterised in that:
Casting steel strand wires sample two ends by tin liquor, controlling the temperature of tin liquor during casting is 235～400 DEG C, prepares end with solidifying
Gu the Method of Steel Strand Stretching sample of block tin, its solidification block tin mates with grip of testing machine.
A kind of steel strand tensile tests method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: before casting, to steel strand wires
Sample two ends are handled as follows successively:
1) steel strand wires sample two ends are tied up, after completing, are scattered in two ends；
2) steel wire scattering steel strand wires sample two ends grinds；
3) midpoint of the steel wire scattered at steel strand wires sample two ends carries out bending；
4) steel wire after the two ends bending of steel strand wires sample is suppressed, until sample two ends can be positioned in casting die, and
Every steel wire does not contacts with each other；
5) steel wire scattered in steel strand wires sample two ends is cleaned.
A kind of steel strand tensile tests method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: step 1) in, tie up position
Put respectively two, two ends of distance steel twisted wire sample clamping length, often place tie up at least be wound around 5 circles and more than.
4. according to a kind of steel strand tensile tests method described in Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that: step 2) in use sand
The steel wire scattered in two ends by paper grinds, until every steel wire exposes metallic luster area and reaches more than 60%.
5. according to a kind of steel strand tensile tests method described in any one of claim 2～4, it is characterised in that: step 3)
In, the steel wire scattered sample two ends with angle-bender carries out bending, and angle of bend is more than 120 degree, and same steel wire is curved
Folding part is divided and is not contacted with each other with non-bending part, and curved core diameter is more than 30mm.
A kind of steel strand tensile tests method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: step 3) in, described steel
When the steel wire quantity of twisted wire sample is more than 7, only peripheral steel wire is carried out bending, steel wire will be enclosed after bending and remove a clamping
Length.
7. according to a kind of steel strand tensile tests method described in any one of claim 2～6, it is characterised in that: step 5)
In, adopt and clean the steel wire scattered in steel strand wires sample two ends with the following method: first with ethanol, steel wire is carried out, remove surface
Greasy dirt and ferrum are cut；Then being rinsed two ends steel wire with flowing water, every steel wire at least rinses one time；Finally cleaning is completed
The steel wire at steel strand wires sample two ends dries.
8. according to a kind of steel strand tensile tests method described in any one of claim 1～7, it is characterised in that: described casting
Comprise the steps: to be positioned among mould by two ends of described steel strand wires sample, in mould, inject tin liquor,
Take out after tin liquor solidifies, another in said two end is positioned among mould, in mould, inject tin liquor, treat stannum
Take out after liquid solidification, obtain the end steel strand wires sample with solidification block tin.
9. according to a kind of steel strand tensile tests method described in any one of claim 1～8, it is characterised in that: described tin liquor
Obtain through the following steps: first, open high temperature furnace, block tin is put into；Then start high temperature furnace heater, begin to warm up；
Finally, treating that high temperature furnace temperature reaches 630 DEG C, in stove, block tin is the most melted, starts to be incubated, temperature retention time at least 15 minutes, i.e.
Obtain casting tin liquor.
10. according to a kind of steel strand tensile tests method described in any one of claim 1～9, it is characterised in that: reclaim and melt
Change the solidification block tin at the steel strand wires sample two ends of tension test, be re-used for the step of casting.
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| CN106918491A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-07-04 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | A kind of rapid prototyping method of overall breaking force of steel wire rope experiment |
| CN109855981A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-06-07 | 辽宁科技大学 | A kind of covering slag calorific intensity test device and test method |
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| CN110926950A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2020-03-27 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Steel wire rope breaking tension testing machine and testing method |
| CN115074497A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-09-20 | 连云港兴鑫钢铁有限公司 | Method for simulation annealing of hot-rolled ribbed steel bar after rolling |
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