CN105928790B - A kind of steel strand tensile tests method - Google Patents
A kind of steel strand tensile tests method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105928790B CN105928790B CN201610544360.7A CN201610544360A CN105928790B CN 105928790 B CN105928790 B CN 105928790B CN 201610544360 A CN201610544360 A CN 201610544360A CN 105928790 B CN105928790 B CN 105928790B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of steel strand tensile tests methods, and in particular to one kind can accurately detect the test method of Method of Steel Strand Stretching performance, belong to steel strand detection field.Steel strand tensile tests method of the present invention, using the tensile property of stretching test machine determination steel strand wires sample, it is cast with tin liquor to steel strand wires sample both ends, the temperature of tin liquor is 235~400 DEG C when control casting, Method of Steel Strand Stretching sample of the end with solidification block tin is made, solidification block tin is matched with grip of testing machine.The method of the present invention is easy to operate, at low cost, high reliablity, steel strand wires steel wire can effectively be avoided to slide when stretching, and then can accurately detect Method of Steel Strand Stretching performance, more really reflects Method of Steel Strand Stretching performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of steel strand tensile tests methods, and in particular to one kind can accurately detect Method of Steel Strand Stretching
The test method of energy, belongs to steel strand detection field.
Background technique
In general, needing that first a steel strand wires both ends are fixedly clamped, and protect during carrying out the tension test of steel strand wires
Steel strand wires axially loaded is demonstrate,proved, during axial tension, steel strand wires extend due to itself plastic deformation, when axial tension reaches
Steel strand wires are caused to be broken to the steel strand wires limit.The deflection of the steel strand wires after being plastically deformed, Yi Jigang are obtained by measurement
The limiting damage force value of twisted wire calculates steel strand wires Non-proportional extension power, elasticity modulus and tensile strength etc..In entirely test journey
In, it is most important that guarantee that steel strand wires are not relatively moved with fixture.
But since steel strand wires are by the twisted steel product constituted of more steel wires, intensity is high, and test force is big, is drawing
It when stretching test, is influenced by the factors such as grip of testing machine and itself special construction, is easy to happen the sliding of one or a few steel wire
The phenomenon that.To avoid steel strand wires steel wire from sliding, in daily steel strand experiment, generally steel strand wires are tried using big chucking power
Sample both ends are clamped, and still, since the chucking power of grip of testing machine is excessive, is easy steel wire to crush, is led to steel strand experiment
When be broken in retained part, or be broken apart from the closer position of retained part, cause steel strand tensile tests Lower result,
Although sometimes measured tensile property reaches the regulation of relevant criterion, it is difficult to detect the true draftability of steel strand wires
Can, and then lead to test failure.Obviously, do not solve the problems, such as that steel strand tensile tests encounter using increase chucking power mode,
Thus need other that can accurately detect the test method of Method of Steel Strand Stretching performance.
Patent 201210091982.0 discloses a kind of method for detecting overall breaking force of steel wire rope.This method is by steel wire
Rope both ends casting zinc liquid, is made wirerope sample of the both ends with solidification spelter, then carries out tension test.This method can
The whole rope rupture pull force of wirerope is detected, still, temperature is higher when due to the casting of zinc liquid, certain influence can be generated to steel wire,
Therefore, when carrying out the tension test of steel strand wires using this method, fracture position leads to its test knot near solidification zinc head
Fruit is relatively low.In addition, for steel strand wires, since the composition steel wire of steel strand wires is less, in casting, the high steel strand wires of intensity rank
Rope end is easy to skid off from pouring in deadhead, influences test result.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind can accurately detect steel strand wires
The test method of tensile property.
Steel strand tensile tests method of the present invention, it is special using the tensile property of stretching test machine determination steel strand wires sample
Sign is: being cast with tin liquor to steel strand wires sample both ends, the temperature of tin liquor is 235~400 DEG C when control is cast, and end is made
Method of Steel Strand Stretching sample of the portion with solidification block tin, solidification block tin are matched with grip of testing machine.
Preferably, before casting, steel strand wires sample both ends are successively handled as follows:
1) steel strand wires sample both ends are tied up, two ends is scattered after the completion;
2) steel wire to scatter to steel strand wires sample both ends is ground;
3) midpoint of the steel wire to scatter at steel strand wires sample both ends carries out bending;
4) steel wire after the both ends bending of steel strand wires sample is suppressed, until sample both ends can be placed in casting die
In, and every steel wire does not contact with each other;
5) steel wire that cleaning steel strand wires sample both ends are scattered.
Further, in step 1), preferably bundling position is respectively apart from two, steel strand wires sample both ends clamping length, every place
Tie up 5 circle of at least winding or more.
Further, in step 2), preferably the steel wire that both ends are scattered is ground with sand paper, until every steel wire exposes
Metallic luster area is up to 60% or more.
Further, in step 3), bending, bending angle preferably are carried out to the steel wire that sample both ends are scattered with angle-bender
Degree is greater than 120 degree, and the bending part of same steel wire does not contact with each other with non-bending part, and curved core diameter is 30mm or more.
Further, in step 3), when the steel wire quantity of the steel strand wires sample is greater than 7, only peripheral steel wire is carried out
The interior steel wire that encloses is removed a clamping length after bending by bending.
Further, in step 5), the steel wire to scatter at steel strand wires sample both ends is cleaned with the following method: using alcohol first
Steel wire is cleaned, surface and oil contaminant is removed and iron is cut;Then both ends steel wire is rinsed with flowing water, every steel wire to Shaochong
It washes one time;Finally the steel wire at the steel strand wires sample both ends that cleaning is completed is dried.
Wherein, the casting includes the following steps: one in two ends of the steel strand wires sample being placed in mold
Among, tin liquor is injected into mold, is taken out after tin liquor solidification, by another in described two ends be placed in mold it
In, tin liquor is injected into mold, is taken out after tin liquor solidification, and steel strand wires sample of the end with solidification block tin is obtained.
Preferably, the tin liquor obtains through the following steps: firstly, opening high temperature furnace, block tin being put into;Then starting is high
Warm stove heating device, begins to warm up;Finally, reaching 630 DEG C to high temperature furnace temperature, block tin melts completely in furnace, starts to keep the temperature, and protects
The warm time at least 15 minutes, i.e. acquisition casting tin liquor.
Preferably, the method for the present invention further includes recycling and melting the steel strand wires sample both ends for completing tension test
The step of solidifying block tin, being re-used for casting.
Compared with prior art, a kind of steel strand tensile tests method of the invention is easy to operate, at low cost, reliability
Height can effectively avoid steel strand wires steel wire from sliding when stretching, and then can accurately detect Method of Steel Strand Stretching performance, more very
Real reflection Method of Steel Strand Stretching performance.This will provide strong support for steel strand wires exploitation, performance boost, there is good social benefit
With and economic benefit.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the schematic diagram that scatters is tied up at steel strand wires sample both ends.
Fig. 2 is schematic diagram after the bending of steel strand wires sample.
Fig. 3 is schematic diagram after the casting of steel strand wires sample.
Specific embodiment
Steel strand tensile tests method of the present invention, it is special using the tensile property of stretching test machine determination steel strand wires sample
Sign is: being cast with tin liquor to steel strand wires sample both ends, the temperature of tin liquor is 235~400 DEG C when control is cast, and end is made
Method of Steel Strand Stretching sample of the portion with solidification block tin, solidification block tin are matched with grip of testing machine.
It is to be tested the shape for solidifying block tin just can that solidification block tin of the present invention is matched with grip of testing machine
Test machine clamp clamping.Casting of the present invention only need to guarantee that tin liquor will not flow to steel strand in steel strand wires both ends progress, casting
The middle section of line sample.
The inventors discovered that selection tin melt is cast, tin fusing point is low, quick heating, easily melts, and tin liquor is merged with steel wire
Preferably, manufactured sample stress is optimal after tin liquor solidification.When casting, strict control cast temperature is needed, could be merged with steel wire
Most preferably, phenomena such as being not susceptible to tin head cracking.After solidification, carry out tension test when rope end be securely hardly damaged, fracture position from
Tie up place (i.e. tin head bottom) far, stress is optimal on tensile testing machine, most can really reflect Method of Steel Strand Stretching performance.
Preferably, stronger in order to make to cast, while preventing steel strand wires rope end from skidding off from mold and coming, it is right before casting
Steel strand wires sample both ends are successively handled as follows:
1) steel strand wires sample both ends are tied up, two ends is scattered after the completion;
2) steel wire to scatter to steel strand wires sample both ends is ground;
3) midpoint of the steel wire to scatter at steel strand wires sample both ends carries out bending;
4) steel wire after the both ends bending of steel strand wires sample is suppressed, until sample both ends can be placed in casting die
In, and every steel wire does not contact with each other;
5) steel wire that cleaning steel strand wires sample both ends are scattered.
Further, in step 1), preferably bundling position is respectively apart from two, steel strand wires sample both ends clamping length, every place
Tie up at least winding 5 circle or more, tie up should not to two tie up between test length have an impact.The test length should expire
Sufficient relevant criterion requirement.
Further, effect is ground to improve, preferably the steel wire that both ends are scattered is ground with sand paper in step 2), directly
Expose metallic luster area up to 60% or more to every steel wire.Macroscopic floating rust, pockmark cannot be had by grinding rear steel wire surface
The defects of, allow to have temper color.The exposing metallic luster area reaches 60%, and the above are the metal light that every steel wire exposes
Pool is substantially evenly distributed in the area in steel wire surface and reaches 60% or more, does not include that part reaches 60% or more.The sand
Paper is 500 mesh or more.
In order to increase the frictional resistance of tin liquor and steel wire, the tin head after making casting is able to bear bigger pulling force, while more
Good prevents easy skid off from mold of steel strand wires rope end from coming, and in step 3), is preferably scattered with angle-bender to sample both ends
Steel wire carry out bending, bending angle is greater than 120 degree, and the bending part of same steel wire does not contact with each other with non-bending part,
Curved core diameter is 30mm or more.Curved core diameter of the present invention refers to the distance between two inner surfaces after steel wire bent 180 degree.
Preferably, in step 3), when the steel wire quantity of the steel strand wires sample is greater than 7, only peripheral steel wire is rolled over
It is curved, the interior steel wire that encloses is removed into a clamping length after bending.
It further, is raising cleaning effect, in step 5), it is preferred to use following method cleaning steel strand wires sample both ends dissipate
The foreign matters such as the steel wire opened: first cleaning steel wire with alcohol, and removing surface and oil contaminant, iron are cut;Then with flowing water to both ends steel
Silk is rinsed, and every steel wire at least rinses one time;Finally the steel wire at the steel strand wires sample both ends that cleaning is completed is dried.
Here, the alcohol can analyze alcohol for ethyl alcohol etc..
The step of steel steel wire is ground with sand paper, is carried out by bending, is cleaned to steel wire for steel wire with angle-bender, it is main
It is secured in order to cast.Steel steel wire grind with sand paper and removes steel wire floating rust, pockmark or other foreign matters, is prevented to casting
It has an impact.The frictional resistance that bending mainly increases tin liquor and steel wire is carried out to steel wire with angle-bender, the tin after making casting
Head is able to bear bigger pulling force.Steel wire cleaning can be removed on steel wire ground through sand paper, that angle-bender bending leaves is miscellaneous
Matter enables tin liquor preferably to merge with steel wire.
In step 4), the steel wire after the bending of sample both ends can be suppressed with compressor, until sample both ends can be put
It is placed in casting grinding tool.
Being put into mold the steel wire that two ends of steel strand wires sample are scattered of casting cannot intersect, and all around steel wire cannot phase
Mutually contact, this mainly makes all steel wires all uniform stresseds at steel strand wires sample both ends.Along with the tin liquor of specific temperature is cast,
When test, rope end is securely hardly damaged, and fracture position is from place (tin head bottom) is tied up far, and stress is optimal on tensile testing machine,
Most really reflect Method of Steel Strand Stretching performance.
Further, the casting includes the following steps: for one in two ends of the steel strand wires sample to be placed in
Among mold, tin liquor is injected into mold, is taken out after tin liquor solidification, and another in described two ends is placed in mold
Among, tin liquor is injected into mold, is taken out after tin liquor solidification, and steel strand wires sample of the end with solidification block tin is obtained;It is preferred that
The tin liquor obtains through the following steps: firstly, opening high temperature furnace, block tin being put into;Then start high temperature furnace heating device, open
Begin to heat;Finally, reaching 630 DEG C to high temperature furnace temperature, block tin melts completely in furnace, starts to keep the temperature, at least 15 points of soaking time
Clock, i.e. acquisition casting tin liquor.
The fusing point of tin is 231.89 DEG C, and boiling point is 2260 DEG C, and being heated to 630 DEG C is because tin liquor is taken out from high temperature furnace
It pours into casting mold, steel strand wires rope end is poured, this process needs certain time, and the decline of the temperature of tin liquor is very
Fastly, it is therefore necessary to be selected above the melting temperature of tin, otherwise, tin liquor is poured into mold just not yet from high temperature furnace taking-up
Solidified through being reduced with temperature, rule of thumb, 630 DEG C be tin liquor heating optimum temperature, at this temperature heat after, tin liquor
Can guarantee when casting its cast temperature on fusing point, 400 DEG C or less.
Further, after the casting, the steel strand wires sample both ends rope end cast also is naturally cooled to the step of room temperature
Suddenly, cooling time at least 24 hours or more.
One clamping length is identical as grip of testing machine height, and tin liquor is overflowed when to prevent casting, a clamping length
Degree should be less than casting die height.
First step steel wire scatters, the bending of third step steel wire, the compacting of the 4th step compressor, is put into mold steel strand wires examination of casting
The steel wire that two ends of sample are scattered cannot intersect, and all around steel wire cannot contact with each other, this mainly makes steel strand wires sample two
All steel wires all uniform stresseds at end, then plus specific tin liquor cast temperature, when test, rope end is securely hardly damaged, cleavage
It sets from place (tin head bottom) is tied up far, stress is optimal on tensile testing machine, most really reflects Method of Steel Strand Stretching performance.
Steel strand wires sample both ends rope end casting shape is determined by grip of testing machine.
For steel strand wires are put into mold, the mold is set as two equal parts that can be separated, and mold bottom setting is useful
In the aperture passed through for steel strand wires sample, and the end for the steel strand wires sample that can make to be placed in mold by the aperture
Height is less than the depth of mold inner-cavity.The mold cavity bottoms aperture should be able to gap between sealed mold and steel strand wires sample, prevent
Tin liquor is revealed when only casting.There is space, which, which has, can be such that steel strand wires sample removes in mold below the mold
Part except part is without height sagging deviously.
The method also includes recycling and melting the solidification block tin at the sample both ends of completion tension test, to be re-used for pouring
The step of note.
A specific embodiment of the invention is further described below with reference to embodiment, is not therefore limited the present invention
System is among the embodiment described range.
Embodiment 1
The tensile property of steel strand wires is tested by the following method:
The first step ties up steel strand wires sample both ends, and bundling position is respectively apart from two, steel strand wires sample both ends folder
Length is held, every place ties up 5 circle of at least winding or more, two ends scattered after the completion, the steel wire after scattering cannot be handed over mutually
Fork, all around steel wire cannot contact with each other, as shown in Figure 1.
Second step is ground with the steel wire that the sand paper of 500 mesh or more scatters to steel strand wires sample both ends, until every
Steel wire exposes metallic luster area and reaches 60% or more, and grinding rear steel wire surface cannot have macroscopic floating rust, pockmark etc. to lack
It falls into, allows to have temper color.
Third step carries out bending to the steel wire that sample both ends are scattered with angle-bender, and bending angle is about 180 degree, curved
Core diameter is 30mm or more.When the steel wire quantity of steel strand wires sample is greater than 7, bending only is carried out to peripheral steel wire, after bending
The interior steel wire that encloses is removed into a clamping length.Steel wire cannot intersect after bending, and all around steel wire cannot contact with each other, such as
Shown in Fig. 2.
4th step suppresses the steel wire after the bending of sample both ends with compressor, until sample both ends can be placed in
It casts in grinding tool, steel wire cannot intersect, and all around steel wire cannot contact with each other.
5th step, the steel wire that cleaning steel strand wires sample both ends are scattered, first cleans steel wire with alcohol, removes surface oil
Dirty, iron such as cuts at the foreign matters, is then rinsed with flowing water to both ends steel wire, every steel wire at least rinses one time, will finally clean
At the steel wire at steel strand wires sample both ends dried.
6th step opens high temperature furnace, block tin is put into, and starts high temperature furnace heating device, begins to warm up, to high temperature furnace temperature
Reach 630 DEG C, block tin melts completely in furnace, starts to keep the temperature, soaking time at least 15 minutes, and casting tin is obtained after the completion of heat preservation
Liquid.
7th step casts to steel strand wires sample both ends with tin liquor, and control cast temperature is 235~400 DEG C, and end is made
Method of Steel Strand Stretching sample of the portion with solidification block tin.By one in two ends of the steel strand wires sample be placed in mold it
In, tin liquor is injected into mold, takes out after tin liquor solidification, another in described two ends is placed among mold,
Tin liquor is injected into mold, is taken out after tin liquor solidification, obtains wirerope sample of the end with solidification block tin, as shown in Figure 3.
Described two ends of steel strand wires sample that are placed among mold are less than mold inner-cavity height.
The steel strand wires sample both ends rope end cast is naturally cooled to room temperature, at least 24 hours cooling time by the 8th step
More than.
After 9th step reaches regulation cooling time, and steel strand wires sample both ends rope end becomes room temperature, to steel strand wires sample into
Row tension test.Test result such as table 1.
Tenth step under the tin head saw at the steel strand wires sample both ends after having tested, is put into high temperature furnace when test next time
In, pull rope end out, tin liquor continues to use.
Certain prestress steel twist cable architecture 1 × 7, nominal diameter 15.20mm, intensity rank 1670MPa, standard specified value
Are as follows: tensile strength Rm≥1670MPa;The maximum, force F of whole steel strand wiresm>=234KN is, it is specified that Non-proportional extension power FP0.2≥
211KN, maximum, force percentage of total elongation Agt>=3.5%.Test result is as follows:
Table 1
Find during the test, using the method for the embodiment of the present invention 1, fracture location apart from retained part farther out, and
Using the method directly clamped with patent 201210091982.0, steel strand wires are broken from retained part.
As shown in Table 1, direct chucking method and patent are substantially better than using the tensile property that this method obtains
201210091982.0 method.
In conclusion a kind of steel strand tensile tests method of the invention can simplify detecting step, reduce testing cost,
And it can be improved Method of Steel Strand Stretching performance with more true Method of Steel Strand Stretching performance.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of steel strand tensile tests method, using the tensile property of stretching test machine determination steel strand wires sample, feature exists
In: it is cast with tin liquor to steel strand wires sample both ends, the temperature of tin liquor is 235~400 DEG C when control is cast, and end band is made
There is the Method of Steel Strand Stretching sample of solidification block tin, solidification block tin is matched with grip of testing machine;
Before casting, steel strand wires sample both ends are successively handled as follows:
1) steel strand wires sample both ends are tied up, two ends is scattered after the completion;
2) steel wire to scatter to steel strand wires sample both ends is ground;
3) midpoint of the steel wire to scatter at steel strand wires sample both ends carries out bending;
4) steel wire after the both ends bending of steel strand wires sample is suppressed, until sample both ends can be placed in casting die,
And every steel wire does not contact with each other;
5) steel wire that cleaning steel strand wires sample both ends are scattered;
In step 3), bending is carried out to the steel wire that sample both ends are scattered with angle-bender, bending angle is greater than 120 degree, and same
The bending part of one steel wire does not contact with each other with non-bending part, and curved core diameter is 30mm or more.
2. a kind of steel strand tensile tests method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 1), bundling position
Respectively apart from two, steel strand wires sample both ends clamping length, 5 circle of at least winding is tied up at every place.
3. a kind of steel strand tensile tests method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: use sand paper in step 2)
The steel wire that both ends are scattered is ground, until every steel wire exposes metallic luster area up to 60% or more.
4. a kind of steel strand tensile tests method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: in step 3), the steel is twisted
When the steel wire quantity of line sample is greater than 7, bending only is carried out to peripheral steel wire, the interior steel wire that encloses is removed into a clamping length after bending
Degree.
5. a kind of steel strand tensile tests method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: in step 5), using such as
The steel wire that lower method cleaning steel strand wires sample both ends are scattered: steel wire is cleaned with alcohol first, removes surface and oil contaminant and iron
It cuts;Then both ends steel wire is rinsed with flowing water, every steel wire at least rinses one time;The steel strand wires that finally cleaning is completed try
The steel wire at sample both ends is dried.
6. a kind of steel strand tensile tests method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: the casting includes such as
Lower step: one in two ends of the steel strand wires sample is placed among mold, tin liquor is injected into mold, to tin liquor
It is taken out after solidification, another in described two ends is placed among mold, tin liquor is injected into mold, solidified to tin liquor
After take out, obtain end with solidification block tin steel strand wires sample.
7. a kind of steel strand tensile tests method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: under the tin liquor passes through
Column step obtains: firstly, opening high temperature furnace, block tin being put into;Then start high temperature furnace heating device, begin to warm up;Finally, to
High temperature furnace temperature reaches 630 DEG C, and block tin melts completely in furnace, starts to keep the temperature, and soaking time at least 15 minutes, that is, obtains casting and uses
Tin liquor.
8. a kind of steel strand tensile tests method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: recycle and melt completion
The solidification block tin at the steel strand wires sample both ends of tension test is re-used for the step of casting.
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CN106918491B (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2019-11-12 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | A kind of rapid prototyping method of overall breaking force of steel wire rope test |
CN109855981A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-06-07 | 辽宁科技大学 | A kind of covering slag calorific intensity test device and test method |
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CN110926950B (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2022-03-22 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Steel wire rope breaking tension testing machine and testing method |
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CN102636389B (en) * | 2012-03-31 | 2015-07-01 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Method for detecting integrally breaking force for steel wire rope |
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