CN110926950A - Steel wire rope breaking tension testing machine and testing method - Google Patents
Steel wire rope breaking tension testing machine and testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110926950A CN110926950A CN201910917786.6A CN201910917786A CN110926950A CN 110926950 A CN110926950 A CN 110926950A CN 201910917786 A CN201910917786 A CN 201910917786A CN 110926950 A CN110926950 A CN 110926950A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/006—Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
- G01N2203/0067—Fracture or rupture
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0252—Monoaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along a single axis of the specimen
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
- G01N2203/0278—Thin specimens
- G01N2203/028—One dimensional, e.g. filaments, wires, ropes or cables
Abstract
The invention relates to a steel wire rope breaking tensile testing machine and a testing method, wherein the steel wire rope breaking tensile testing machine comprises a base (16), a hydraulic cylinder (1), an upper clamp (10), a lower clamp (13) and an upright post (9), the hydraulic cylinder (1) is connected with the upper clamp (10), and the lower clamp (13) is arranged on the base (16); the upper clamp and the lower clamp respectively comprise a left clamp body (25), a right clamp body (26) and a sleeve (24), a fixing groove (28) is formed in the right clamp body (26), and a sample block (23) is arranged in the fixing groove (28); the right clamp body (26) at the upper part is connected with the rod body, and the right clamp body (26) at the lower part is connected with the base (16). According to the device and the method, the steel wire rope (31) is wound on the sample block (23) through the matching of the sample block (23) and the fixing groove (28), the breaking test of the steel wire rope (31) is realized through the stretching of the hydraulic cylinder (1), and the problem that two ends of the steel wire rope (31) are difficult to fix in the prior art is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The method relates to a steel wire rope breaking tension tester and a test method, and belongs to the technical field of steel wire rope tension tests.
Background
The preparation method of the steel wire rope breaking tension test sample mainly comprises an alloy casting method, a resin casting method, a sleeve pressing method and the like. The alloy casting method and the resin casting method are both to bundle two ends of the steel wire rope and then to scatter the end parts, to be cleaned, to be cast and cast by using low melting point melting alloy or resin, to be cooled to room temperature, to be tested in tension. The sleeve pressing method needs to press the steel wire rope sample by using a proper sleeve, and the sleeve is directly clamped by a testing machine clamp during testing, so that the requirements on the material and the like of the sleeve are high, and a steel wire rope in the pressed sleeve cannot be damaged. The methods have the advantages of relatively complex sample preparation process, inconvenient operation, relatively long time and relatively high cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the existing steel wire rope breaking test has complex working procedures, high requirements on materials, inconvenient operation and low efficiency.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a steel wire rope breaking tension tester comprises a base, a hydraulic cylinder, an upper clamp, a lower clamp and a plurality of stand columns, wherein the stand columns are vertically arranged, the lower ends of the stand columns are perpendicular to the upper end surface of the base, the hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the upper ends of the stand columns and connected with the upper clamp, and the lower clamp is arranged on the base;
the upper clamp and the lower clamp respectively comprise a left clamp body, a right clamp body and a sleeve, the left clamp body and the right clamp body are sleeved in the sleeve, the left clamp body and the right clamp body are abutted through the sleeve, a fixing groove with an inverted trapezoidal section is arranged on the abutting surface of the right clamp body and the left clamp body, adaptive test blocks are arranged in the fixing groove, and the test blocks and the inner wall of the fixing groove are arranged at intervals; the upper end of the right clamp body of the upper clamp is connected with the rod body of the hydraulic cylinder, and the right clamp body of the lower clamp is connected with the base.
The device comprises a base, an upper cross beam, a lower cross beam, a hydraulic cylinder and a hydraulic cylinder, wherein the device also comprises the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam, mounting grooves with inverted trapezoidal sections are arranged on one end surface of the upper cross beam and one end surface of the lower cross beam, the back side of the mounting groove of the; still include anchor clamps seat and lower anchor clamps seat, go up anchor clamps seat and lower anchor clamps seat cross-section and mounting groove cross sectional structure adaptation, and for falling the trapezium structure, go up anchor clamps seat and lower anchor clamps seat and can set up respectively in the mounting groove of entablature and bottom end rail, go up the tip of anchor clamps seat and press from both sides specific right clamp body coupling on with, the tip of lower anchor clamps seat and press from both sides specific right clamp body coupling down.
Further, still include the top fixture curb plate and the bottom fixture curb plate among the above-mentioned device, top fixture curb plate and bottom fixture curb plate are two and slope setting, and the lateral wall adaptation of its inclination and mounting groove is provided with the dovetail slider on top fixture curb plate and the bottom fixture curb plate lateral wall, correspond on the two inner walls of mounting groove and be provided with the spout, top fixture curb plate and bottom fixture curb plate can correspond respectively with entablature and bottom end rail sliding connection, and top fixture seat and bottom fixture seat correspond and set up in the cavity between top fixture curb plate and bottom fixture curb plate.
Furthermore, the device also comprises an upper hanging plate, a lower hanging plate, an upper hydraulic ejector rod and a lower hydraulic ejector rod, wherein the upper ends of the inner side walls of the upper clamp side plate and the lower clamp side plate, which are far away from the sleeve end, are provided with U-shaped grooves, two ends of the upper hanging plate can be clamped into the grooves of the upper clamp side plate, and two ends of the lower hanging plate can be clamped into the grooves of the lower clamp side plate; the cylinder body of the upper hydraulic ejector rod is connected with the inner bottom surface of the upper clamp seat mounting groove, and the end part of the rod body is connected with the upper end surface of the upper hanging plate; the cylinder body of lower hydraulic ejector pin is connected with the interior bottom surface of last anchor clamps seat mounting groove, and the body of rod tip is connected with link plate lower extreme face down.
Furthermore, the device also comprises a plurality of positioning clamps, one end of each positioning clamp is provided with a U-shaped groove, the other end of each positioning clamp can be connected with the upper cross beam, and the U-shaped grooves can be clamped into the stand columns.
Wherein, still include the backup pad among the above-mentioned device, stand quantity is 4, and is the rectangle and arranges, and the pneumatic cylinder passes through the backup pad to be connected with stand upper end.
The upper clamp and the lower clamp in the device are both cylindrical structures, and the projection area ratio of the left clamp body to the right clamp body is 1: 3.
Wherein, still include the bolt among the above-mentioned device, the specific connection face of right side anchor clamps is provided with the anchor clamps pole, and anchor clamps pole outer wall is provided with the anchor clamps jack along its radially, and the tip of going up anchor clamps seat and lower anchor clamps seat all is provided with tubular structure's connecting portion, and connecting portion radially are provided with the through-hole along it, and the anchor clamps pole can stretch into in the connecting portion and be connected with last anchor clamps seat and lower anchor clamps seat through the bolt.
Furthermore, in the device, the outer walls of the left clamp body and the right clamp body are provided with at least two fixed teeth at intervals along the radial direction, and one end face of the sleeve is correspondingly provided with hanging teeth of an inverted L-shaped structure at intervals, so that the sleeve is clamped with the upper clamp or the lower clamp.
Further, in the device, an included angle between the side walls of the upper clamp side plate and the lower clamp side plate and the opening direction of the U-shaped groove is 60 degrees.
Wherein, among the above-mentioned device the fixed slot main aspects still are provided with the rectangular channel, and the contained angle that the junction of fixed slot and rectangular channel formed is the screens angle, the screens angle is 150.
The device is characterized in that a plurality of sample grooves are transversely formed in the side wall of the large end of the sample block, and flexible materials are filled in the sample grooves.
Wherein, the included angle between the small end surface of the sample block and the side wall in the device is 120 degrees.
A steel wire rope breaking tension test method comprises any one of the test machines, and comprises the following steps:
a. preparing a sample, cutting a section of steel wire rope as a sample, and bundling two ends of the sample by using thin iron wires;
b. winding the two ends of the sample on the upper sample block and the lower sample block respectively;
c. and starting the hydraulic cylinder to start the test, and recording the test result after the test sample is broken.
In the step a of the method, the steel wire rope wound on the sample block is bound by sheet iron or thin iron wires every 5 cm.
Wherein in the method, the sample in the step b is wound in the sample groove of the sample block for more than 2 turns.
Wherein, the winding position of the sample in the step b in the method is positioned on the sample block which is directly below the right fixture body.
Wherein, in the step b, the opening of the clamp for paying out the steel wire rope sample is more than 15 cm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the device and the method, the steel wire rope is wound on the sample block through the matching of the sample block and the fixed groove, the breaking test of the steel wire rope is realized through the stretching of the hydraulic cylinder, and the problem that two ends of the steel wire rope in the prior art are difficult to fix is solved. Meanwhile, the testing machine of the device can be used for rapidly carrying out the steel wire rope breaking and stretching test, effectively solves the problem of direct clamping of the steel wire rope sample in the steel wire rope breaking and stretching test, is simple, convenient and rapid, and improves the test efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a testing machine for use in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an upper jig or a lower jig according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of FIG. 2 according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 3 according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the steel wire rope wound on a sample block.
FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of the sample block of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a front view of the side plate of the upper or lower clamp according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic bottom view of the structure of FIG. 7 according to the present invention.
Labeled as: the device comprises a hydraulic cylinder 1, an upper cross beam 2, a positioning clamp 3, an upper hydraulic ejector rod 4, an upper hanging plate 5, an upper clamp side plate 6, an upper clamp seat 7, a bolt 8, a stand column 9, an upper clamp 10, a fixed gear 11, a support plate 12, a lower clamp 13, a hanging tooth 14, a lower clamp side plate 15, a base 16, a lower cross beam 17, a lower clamp seat 18, a lower hanging plate 19, a lower hydraulic ejector rod 20, a clamp rod 21, a clamp jack 22, a sample block 23, a sleeve 24, a left clamp body 25, a right clamp body 26, a clamping angle 27, a fixing groove 28, a sliding block 29, a groove 30, a steel wire rope 31 and a sample groove 32.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the steel wire rope breaking tensile testing machine of the present invention includes a base 16, a hydraulic cylinder 1, an upper clamp 10, a lower clamp 13 and a plurality of columns 9, wherein the columns 9 are vertically arranged, the lower ends of the columns are perpendicular to the upper end surface of the base 16, the hydraulic cylinder 1 is arranged at the upper ends of the columns 9 and connected with the upper clamp 10, and the lower clamp 13 is arranged on the base 16;
the upper clamp 10 and the lower clamp 13 both comprise a left clamp body 25, a right clamp body 26 and a sleeve 24, the left clamp body 25 and the right clamp body 26 are sleeved in the sleeve 24, the left clamp body 25 and the right clamp body 26 enable the left clamp body 25 and the right clamp body 26 to abut against each other through the sleeve 24, a fixing groove 28 with an inverted trapezoidal section is formed in the right clamp body 26 along the abutting surface with the left clamp body 25, adaptive sample blocks 23 are arranged in the fixing groove 28, and the sample blocks 23 and the inner wall of the fixing groove 28 are arranged at intervals; the upper end of the right clamp body 26 of the upper clamp 10 is connected with the rod body of the hydraulic cylinder 1, and the right clamp body 26 of the lower clamp 13 is connected with the base 16. As can be understood by those skilled in the art, the device connects the hydraulic cylinder 1 and the base 16 through the vertical rods, the vertical rods are multiple, and the vertical rods surround a geometric figure so as to support the gravity of the hydraulic cylinder 1 and the reaction force during working. Meanwhile, an upper clamp 10 and a lower clamp 13 are respectively arranged at the end parts close to the upright post 9, the upper clamp 10 is connected with the hydraulic cylinder 1, and the lower clamp 13 is connected with the base 16. The upper clamp 10 and the lower clamp 13 of the device both comprise a left clamp body 25, a right clamp body 26 and a sleeve 24, the left clamp body 25 and the right clamp body 26 are sleeved in the sleeve 24, one side end faces of the left clamp body 25 and the right clamp body 26 can be abutted through the sleeve 24, meanwhile, a fixing groove 28 with an inverted trapezoid-shaped cross section is formed in the contact surface of the right clamp body 26 and the left clamp body 25, a sample block 23 for winding a steel wire rope 31 is placed in the fixing groove 28, the shape of the sample block 23 is similar to that of the fixing groove 28, so that the sample block 23 can only be moved out from the direction perpendicular to the contact surface of the left clamp body 25 and cannot be moved out from an opening at the lower end, and the sample block 23 and the inner wall of the fixing groove 28 are arranged at intervals for conveniently winding the steel wire; in practical use, one end of the steel wire rope 31 is wound on the sample block 23, the sample block 23 is placed in the fixing groove 28 along the vertical direction of the attaching surface of the right clamp body 26, the left clamp body 25 is attached to the right clamp body 26, and the sleeve 24 is sleeved to enable the left clamp body 25 to be closely attached to the right clamp body 26. Meanwhile, the upper end of the right clamp body 26 of the upper clamp 10 is connected with the rod body of the hydraulic cylinder 1, and the right clamp body 26 of the lower clamp 13 is connected with the base 16. Through starting up hydraulic cylinder 1, because fixed slot 28 is the structure of falling the trapezium, and specimen block 23 also should be similar structure of falling the trapezium, under the effect of hydraulic cylinder 1 for two specimen blocks 23 move dorsad, take up wire rope 31, winding wire rope 31 on specimen block 23 corresponds the contact with fixed slot 28 inner wall on last anchor clamps 10 and the lower anchor clamps 13 respectively simultaneously, because fixed slot 28 and specimen block 23 structure adaptation, make wire rope 31 through the chucking of fixed slot 28 inner wall, thereby realize wire rope 31 and break experimental purpose.
Preferably, the device further comprises an upper cross beam 2 and a lower cross beam 17, wherein mounting grooves with inverted trapezoidal sections are formed in one end face of the upper cross beam 2 and one end face of the lower cross beam 17, the back side of each mounting groove of the upper cross beam 2 is connected with the rod body of the hydraulic cylinder 1, and the back side of each mounting groove of the lower cross beam 17 is connected with the upper end face of the base 16; still include upper clamp seat 7 and lower clamp seat 18, upper clamp seat 7 and lower clamp seat 18 cross-section and mounting groove cross-sectional structure adaptation, and for falling the trapezium structure, upper clamp seat 7 and lower clamp seat 18 can set up respectively in the mounting groove of entablature 2 and bottom end rail 17, and the tip of upper clamp seat 7 is connected with the right clamp body 26 of upper clamp 10, and the tip of lower clamp seat 18 is connected with the right clamp body 26 of lower clamp 13. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that in order to avoid the wire rope 31 from shaking during the whole test, it is preferable to provide the upper beam 2, the lower beam 17, the upper clamp base 7 and the lower clamp base 18. Specifically, the mounting grooves with inverted trapezoidal cross sections are arranged on one end surfaces of the upper cross beam 2 and the lower cross beam 17, and the cross sections of the upper clamp seat 7 and the lower clamp seat 18 are matched with the mounting grooves in cross section structure and are also in a trapezoidal structure. In setting up mounting groove on entablature 2 and bottom end rail 17 with top anchor clamps seat 7 and bottom end rail 18 respectively, because the both sides inner wall of mounting groove is the inclined plane structure, can guarantee that top anchor clamps seat 7 and bottom end rail 18 reciprocate, rock the incidence around reducing greatly about, help experimental normal clear. Meanwhile, the back side of the mounting groove of the upper cross beam 2 is connected with the rod body of the hydraulic cylinder 1, the back side of the mounting groove of the lower cross beam 17 is connected with the upper end face of the base 16, the small end of the upper clamp seat 7 is connected with the right clamp body 26 of the upper clamp 10, and the small end of the lower clamp seat 18 is connected with the right clamp body 26 of the lower clamp 13.
Preferably, still include the top grip curb plate 6 and the bottom grip curb plate 15 among the above-mentioned device, top grip curb plate 6 and bottom grip curb plate 15 are two and the slope sets up, the lateral wall adaptation of its inclination and mounting groove, be provided with dovetail slider 29 on top grip curb plate 6 and the bottom grip curb plate 15 lateral wall, correspond on the two inner walls of mounting groove and be provided with the spout, top grip curb plate 6 and bottom grip curb plate 15 can correspond respectively with entablature 2 and bottom end rail 17 sliding connection, and top grip seat 7 and bottom grip seat 18 correspond and set up in the cavity between top grip curb plate 6 and bottom grip curb plate 15. Those skilled in the art can understand that, for further reducing the rocking in the test process of the steel wire rope 31, this device is preferred to correspond on two inner walls of mounting groove and is provided with the spout of dovetail structure, and the last anchor clamps curb plate 6 and the lower anchor clamps curb plate 15 in this device are two, can realize last anchor clamps curb plate 6 through sliding slider 29 into the spout, lower anchor clamps curb plate 15 respectively with entablature 2 and bottom end rail 17 sliding connection, because the spout is the dovetail groove form, and slider 29 is the dovetail structure, make last anchor clamps curb plate 6, lower anchor clamps curb plate 15 can only slide along the inner wall incline direction of mounting groove, further reduce rocking of steel wire rope 31 in the test process. Because the upper clamp side plate 6 and the lower clamp side plate 15 are obliquely arranged, the two upper clamp side plates 6 and the two lower clamp side plate 15 support are enclosed to form a cavity with an inverted trapezoidal structure, the cavity can be mainly used for placing the upper clamp seat 7 and the lower clamp seat 18, and the two upper clamp side plates 6 and the two lower clamp side plates 15 can be preferably arranged at the larger distance end, namely, the end far away from the sleeve 24 is turned inwards to form a flanging so as to prevent the upper clamp seat 7 and the lower clamp seat 18 from sliding out.
Preferably, the device further comprises an upper hanging plate 5, a lower hanging plate 19, an upper hydraulic ejector rod 4 and a lower hydraulic ejector rod 20, wherein the upper ends of the inner side walls of the upper clamp side plate 6 and the lower clamp side plate 15, which are far away from the end of the sleeve 24, are provided with U-shaped grooves 30, two ends of the upper hanging plate 5 can be clamped into the grooves 30 of the upper clamp side plate 6, and two ends of the lower hanging plate 19 can be clamped into the grooves 30 of the side plate of the lower clamp 13; the cylinder body of the upper hydraulic ejector rod 4 is connected with the inner bottom surface of the mounting groove of the upper clamp seat 7, and the end part of the rod body is connected with the upper end surface of the upper hanging plate 5; the cylinder body of the lower hydraulic mandril 20 is connected with the inner bottom surface of the mounting groove of the upper clamp seat 7, and the end part of the rod body is connected with the lower end surface of the lower hanging plate 19. As can be understood by those skilled in the art, in order to prevent the hydraulic cylinder 1 from being unable to pre-tighten the steel wire rope 31 in the initial starting stage, the device preferably has the upper end of the inner side wall of the upper clamp side plate 6 and the lower clamp side plate 15 far away from the end of the sleeve 24 provided with the U-shaped groove 30, which can effectively prevent the upper clamp seat 7 and the lower clamp seat 18 from sliding out. Meanwhile, two ends of an upper hanging plate 5 can be clamped into the grooves 30 of the side plates 6 of the upper clamp, two ends of a lower hanging plate 19 can be clamped into the grooves 30 of the side plates of the body of the lower clamp 13, the body of an upper hydraulic ejector rod 4 is connected with the inner bottom surface of the mounting groove of an upper clamp seat 7, and the end part of a rod body is connected with the upper end surface of the upper hanging plate 5; the cylinder body of the lower hydraulic mandril 20 is connected with the inner bottom surface of the mounting groove of the upper clamp seat 7, and the end part of the rod body is connected with the lower end surface of the lower hanging plate 19. Make the body of rod of accessible upper hydraulic ram 4 and lower hydraulic ram 20 stretch out and will go up link plate 5, link plate 19 back of the body motion down when experimental begins to drive anchor clamps curb plate 6 and 15 back of the body motions down, change into anchor clamps seat 7 and lower anchor clamps seat 18, and go up anchor clamps seat 7 and lower anchor clamps seat 18 and be connected with last anchor clamps 10 and lower anchor clamps respectively, can realize wire rope 31's experimental pretension.
Preferably, the device further comprises a plurality of positioning cards 3, one end of each positioning card 3 is provided with a U-shaped groove, the other end of each positioning card can be connected with the upper cross beam 2, and the U-shaped grooves can be clamped into the upright posts 9. As can be understood by those skilled in the art, the hydraulic cylinder 1 acts on the upper cross beam 2, so that the steel wire rope 31 is shaken during actual use, and further the hydraulic cylinder 1 is shaken, and the hydraulic cylinder 1 is easily damaged. Therefore, the positioning clamp 3 is arranged on the outer edge side of the upper cross beam 2 preferably, one end of the positioning clamp 3 is connected with the upper cross beam 2, the other end of the positioning clamp is a U-shaped groove, and the notch is just clamped on the vertical rod to ensure that the upper cross beam 2 can only move in the vertical direction, so that the left and right shaking is reduced.
Preferably, the device further comprises a support plate 12, the number of the upright posts 9 is 4, the upright posts are arranged in a rectangular shape, and the hydraulic cylinder 1 is connected with the upper end parts of the upright posts 9 through the support plate 12. As can be understood by those skilled in the art, in order to facilitate the installation of the hydraulic cylinder 1, the device is preferably further provided with the support plates 12, the number of the upright posts 9 is preferably 4, and the upright posts 9 are arranged in a rectangular shape, so that the support plates 12 are uniformly stressed, and the hydraulic cylinder 1 can be stably installed.
Preferably, in the above device, the upper clamp 10 and the lower clamp 13 are both cylindrical structures, and the ratio of the projection area of the left clamp body 25 to the projection area of the right clamp body 26 is 1: 3. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present apparatus further preferably has the upper clamp 10 and the lower clamp 13 both of cylindrical structures, so that the left clamp body 25 and the right clamp body 26 should also be of cylindrical structures, and the sleeve is also of tubular structure, and further preferably has a projected area ratio of 1:3 between the left clamp body 25 and the right clamp body 26.
Preferably, the device further comprises a plug pin 8, a clamp rod 21 is arranged on the connecting surface of the right clamp body 26, a clamp jack 22 is radially arranged on the outer wall of the clamp rod 21, the small ends of the upper clamp seat 7 and the lower clamp seat 18 are both provided with connecting portions of tubular structures, the connecting portions are radially provided with through holes, and the clamp rod 21 can extend into the connecting portions and is connected with the upper clamp seat 7 and the lower clamp seat 18 through the plug pin 8. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the present apparatus is only preferably configured such that the right clamp body 26 and the upper clamp seat 7 or the lower clamp seat 18 are fixed in an inserting manner, specifically, the clamp rod 21 is disposed on the connecting surface of the clamp body 26, the outer wall of the clamp rod 21 is radially provided with the clamp insertion hole 22, the small ends of the upper clamp seat 7 and the lower clamp seat 18 are both provided with a connecting portion having a tubular structure, the connecting portion is radially provided with a through hole, and the clamp rod 21 can extend into the connecting portion and is connected with the upper clamp seat 7 and the lower clamp seat 18 through the plug pin 8.
Preferably, in the above device, at least two fixing teeth 11 are radially and respectively arranged on the outer walls of the left clamp body 25 and the right clamp body 26 at intervals, and the hanging teeth 14 of the inverted L-shaped structure are correspondingly arranged on one end surface of the sleeve 24 at intervals, so that the sleeve 24 is clamped with the upper clamp 10 or the lower clamp 13. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the present apparatus is only a further preferred connection manner of the left clamp body 25, the right clamp body 26, and the sleeve 24, and specifically, at least two fixing teeth 11 are radially and alternately disposed on outer walls of the left clamp body 25 and the right clamp body 26, and at the same time, hanging teeth 14 having an inverted L-shaped structure are correspondingly disposed on one end surface of the sleeve 24 at intervals, during assembly, after the sample block 23 is installed in the right clamp body 26, a joint surface of the left clamp body 25 is abutted to a joint surface of the right clamp body 26 on a side provided with the fixing groove 28, the sleeve 24 is sleeved into the left clamp body 25 and the right clamp body 26, so that the fixing teeth 11 penetrate through an upper bent edge of the hanging teeth 14 along a gap between adjacent hanging teeth 14, and then the sleeve 24 is rotated so that an inner side surface of the bent edge contacts with an end surface of the fixing teeth 11, thereby realizing that the sleeve 24 is clamped with the upper clamp 10 or the lower clamp 13, which connection manner can ensure that the sleeve 24 and the, the axial separation can be ensured only after the test piece 23 rotates for a certain angle, and the axial stress in the test process is ensured. The part of the fixture with the sleeve 24 screwed into the fixture is also the right fixture body 26, and the right fixture body 26 is fixedly connected with the upper fixture seat 7 or the lower fixture seat 18, so that the sleeve 24 is fixed after the sleeve 24 is screwed into the fixture, and the sleeve 24 cannot move up and down. The fixed teeth 11 of the left clamp body 25 are located between the hanging teeth 14 of the sleeve 24 and the opening of the end face, the force acts on the hanging teeth 14 of the sleeve 24, and the sleeve 24 cannot move, so that the left clamp body 25 cannot move, and the clamping effect is achieved. That is, the right clamp body 26 fixes the sleeve, and the sleeve 24 fixes the left clamp body 25.
Preferably, the angle between the side wall of the upper clamp side plate 6 and the side wall of the lower clamp side plate 15 and the opening direction of the U-shaped groove 30 is 60 degrees. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the side walls of the upper and lower clamp side plates 6, 15 are preferably angled at 60 deg. to the opening direction of the U-shaped channel 30 for better force application.
Preferably, in the above device, the large end of the fixing groove 28 is further provided with a rectangular groove, an included angle formed at a joint of the fixing groove 28 and the rectangular groove is a clamping angle 27, and the clamping angle 27 is 150 °. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience of installation of the sample block 23, it is preferable that the large end of the fixing groove 28 is further provided with a rectangular groove, an included angle formed at a junction of the fixing groove 28 and the rectangular groove is a detent angle 27, and the detent angle 27 is 150 °.
Preferably, in the device, a plurality of sample grooves 32 are transversely arranged on the side wall of the large end of the sample block 23, and the sample grooves 32 are filled with flexible materials. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that, in order to facilitate the tight winding of the wire rope 31 around the sample block 23, it is preferable to provide a plurality of sample grooves 32 on the sidewall of the large end of the sample block 23, so that the wire rope 31 can be directly placed in the sample grooves 32 to prevent slipping. Meanwhile, the sample groove 32 can be preferably filled with a flexible material, so that the friction coefficient is further increased, the steel wire rope 31 and the sample block 23 are prevented from slipping, and the flexible material can be preferably cotton, soft rubber and the like. It is further preferable that the sample groove 32 of the block 23 is provided along the circumferential direction of the outer wall thereof, that is, the sample groove 32 is provided on both the side wall and the small end face.
Preferably, in the above device, the angle between the small end surface of the sample block 23 and the side wall is 120 °. As can be understood by those skilled in the art, the device is matched with the sample block 23 through the fixing groove 28, and the included angle between the small end face of the sample block 23 and the side wall is preferably 120 degrees, so that the sample does not slip when being stretched.
A steel wire rope breaking tension test method comprises any one of the test machines, and comprises the following steps:
a. preparing a sample, cutting a section of steel wire rope 31 as a sample, and bundling two ends of the sample by using thin iron wires;
b. winding two ends of a sample on the upper sample block 23 and the lower sample block 23 respectively;
c. and starting the hydraulic cylinder 1 to start the test, and recording the test result after the test sample is broken. As can be understood by those skilled in the art, the test method is to cut a section of the steel wire rope 31 as a breaking tension sample on any one of the steel wire rope 31 coils, and to tie the two ends of the sample with thin iron wires to prevent the sample from being flicked off during the test. And then a steel wire rope 31 sample is loaded, the sleeve 24 and the left clamp body 25 are taken down, the two ends of the sample are respectively wound on the upper sample block 23 and the lower sample block 23, then the sample blocks 23 are loaded into the fixing grooves 28, the left clamp body 25 is attached to the right clamp body 26 and is fixed with the sleeve 24, and the testing machine, namely the hydraulic cylinder 1, is started. The test was started and the test results were recorded after the specimen was pulled apart. Meanwhile, after the hydraulic cylinder is started to tighten the steel wire rope 31, the distance between the bottom grooves in the fixing grooves 28 of the upper clamp 10 and the lower clamp 13 and the sample groove on the sample block 23 is more than 1 mm.
Preferably, in the above method, the steel wire rope 31 wound on the test piece 23 is wrapped with tinplate or thin iron wire every 5cm in step a. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the method preferably packs the test samples of steel cord 31 wound on test block 23 with tinplate or fine iron wire every 5cm to prevent damage to the test samples during testing.
Preferably, in the above method, the sample in step b is wound in the sample groove 32 of the sample block 23 for 2 or more turns. As will be understood by those skilled in the art, in order to prevent the sample from slipping due to separation from the block 23, the method preferably winds the sample in the sample groove 32 of the block 23 for 2 or more turns, and more preferably 2 to 3 turns.
Preferably, the winding position of the sample in step b of the method is located on the sample block 23 directly below the right clamp body 26. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in order to force the test specimen into a tensile force from the vertically oriented hydraulic cylinder 1, the winding position of the test specimen should preferably be located on the test specimen 23 directly below the right gripper body 26. It is further preferable that the sample block 23 has more than 2 sample grooves 32 on the top and side thereof, and preferably the sample groove 32 is disposed at a middle position below the clamp rod 21 for placing the sample of the wire rope 31. The sample block 23 is positioned inside the right clamp body 26 and keeps an axis with the clamp rod 21 and the hydraulic cylinder 1.
Preferably, the sample of the wire rope 31 in step b of the method is extended to an opening of the clamp by more than 15 cm. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that to avoid slippage of the specimen while it is being stretched, it is preferred that the specimen of the wire rope 31 be paid out through the clamp opening by more than 15 cm.
Claims (18)
1. The utility model provides a wire rope breaking tension tester which characterized in that: the hydraulic clamping device comprises a base (16), a hydraulic cylinder (1), an upper clamp (10), a lower clamp (13) and a plurality of upright columns (9), wherein the upright columns (9) are vertically arranged, the lower ends of the upright columns are perpendicular to the upper end surface of the base (16), the hydraulic cylinder (1) is arranged at the upper ends of the upright columns (9) and is connected with the upper clamp (10), and the lower clamp (13) is arranged on the base (16);
the upper clamp (10) and the lower clamp (13) respectively comprise a left clamp body (25), a right clamp body (26) and a sleeve (24), the left clamp body (25) and the right clamp body (26) are sleeved in the sleeve (24), the left clamp body (25) and the right clamp body (26) enable the left clamp body (25) and the right clamp body (26) to abut against each other through the sleeve (24), a fixing groove (28) with an inverted trapezoidal section is formed in the joint face of the right clamp body (26) and the left clamp body (25), adaptive sample blocks (23) are arranged in the fixing groove (28), and the sample blocks (23) and the inner wall of the fixing groove (28) are arranged at intervals; the upper end of the right clamp body (26) of the upper clamp (10) is connected with the rod body of the hydraulic cylinder (1), and the right clamp body (26) of the lower clamp (13) is connected with the base (16).
2. The steel wire rope breaking tensile testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydraulic cylinder is characterized by further comprising an upper cross beam (2) and a lower cross beam (17), wherein mounting grooves with inverted trapezoidal sections are formed in one end face of the upper cross beam (2) and one end face of the lower cross beam (17), the back side of each mounting groove of the upper cross beam (2) is connected with a rod body of the hydraulic cylinder (1), and the back side of each mounting groove of the lower cross beam (17) is connected with the upper end face of the base (16); still include upper clamp seat (7) and lower clamp seat (18), upper clamp seat (7) and lower clamp seat (18) cross-section and mounting groove cross-sectional structure adaptation, and for falling the trapezium structure, upper clamp seat (7) and lower clamp seat (18) can set up respectively in the mounting groove of entablature (2) and bottom end rail (17), and the tip of upper clamp seat (7) is connected with the right clamp body (26) of last anchor clamps (10), and the tip of lower clamp seat (18) is connected with the right clamp body (26) of lower clamp (13).
3. The steel wire rope breaking tensile testing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: still include top grip curb plate (6) and lower anchor clamps curb plate (15), top grip curb plate (6) and lower anchor clamps curb plate (15) are two and slope setting, the lateral wall adaptation of its inclination and mounting groove, be provided with dovetail slider (29) on top grip curb plate (6) and lower anchor clamps curb plate (15) lateral wall, correspond on the two inner walls of mounting groove and be provided with the spout, top grip curb plate (6) and lower anchor clamps curb plate (15) can correspond respectively with entablature (2) and bottom end rail (17) sliding connection, and top grip seat (7) and lower anchor clamps seat (18) correspond and set up in the cavity between top grip curb plate (6) and lower anchor clamps curb plate (15).
4. The steel wire rope breaking tensile testing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: the clamp is characterized by further comprising an upper hanging plate (5), a lower hanging plate (19), an upper hydraulic ejector rod (4) and a lower hydraulic ejector rod (20), wherein U-shaped grooves (30) are formed in the upper ends of the inner side walls of the upper clamp side plate (6) and the lower clamp side plate (15) far away from the end of the sleeve (24), two ends of the upper hanging plate (5) can be clamped into the grooves (30) of the upper clamp side plate (6), and two ends of the lower hanging plate (19) can be clamped into the grooves (30) of the side plate of the lower clamp (13); the cylinder body of the upper hydraulic ejector rod (4) is connected with the inner bottom surface of the mounting groove of the upper clamp seat (7), and the end part of the rod body is connected with the upper end surface of the upper hanging plate (5); the cylinder body of the lower hydraulic ejector rod (20) is connected with the inner bottom surface of the mounting groove of the upper clamp seat (7), and the end part of the rod body is connected with the lower end surface of the lower hanging plate (19).
5. The steel wire rope breaking tensile testing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: the positioning device is characterized by further comprising a plurality of positioning clamps (3), wherein one ends of the positioning clamps (3) are provided with U-shaped grooves, the other ends of the positioning clamps can be connected with the upper cross beam (2), and the U-shaped grooves can be clamped into the stand columns (9).
6. The steel wire rope breaking tensile testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: still include backup pad (12), stand (9) quantity is 4, and is the rectangle and arranges, and pneumatic cylinder (1) is connected with stand (9) upper end through backup pad (12).
7. The steel wire rope breaking tensile testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper clamp (10) and the lower clamp (13) are both cylindrical structures, and the projection area ratio of the left clamp body (25) to the right clamp body (26) is 1: 3.
8. The steel wire rope breaking tensile testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: still include bolt (8), be provided with anchor clamps pole (21) on the connection face of the right side anchor clamps body (26), anchor clamps pole (21) outer wall is provided with anchor clamps jack (22) along its radially, and the tip of going up anchor clamps seat (7) and lower anchor clamps seat (18) all is provided with the connecting portion of tubular structure, and connecting portion radially is provided with the through-hole along it, and anchor clamps pole (21) can stretch into in the connecting portion and be connected with last anchor clamps seat (7) and lower anchor clamps seat (18) through bolt (8).
9. The steel wire rope breaking tensile testing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: the outer walls of the left clamp body (25) and the right clamp body (26) are provided with at least two clamping blocks (11) at intervals along the radial direction, and one end face of the sleeve (24) is correspondingly provided with clamping strips (14) of an inverted L-shaped structure at intervals, so that the sleeve (24) is clamped with the upper clamp (10) or the lower clamp (13).
10. The steel wire rope breaking tensile testing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: the included angle between the side walls of the upper clamp side plate (6) and the lower clamp side plate (15) and the opening direction of the U-shaped groove (30) is 60 degrees.
11. The steel wire rope breaking tensile testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the big end of fixed slot (28) still is provided with the rectangular channel, and the contained angle that the junction of fixed slot (28) and rectangular channel formed is screens angle (27), screens angle (27) are 150.
12. The steel wire rope breaking tensile testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: a plurality of sample grooves (32) are transversely arranged on the side wall of the large end of the sample block (23), and the sample grooves (32) are filled with flexible materials.
13. The steel wire rope breaking tensile testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the included angle between the small end surface of the sample block (23) and the side wall is 120 degrees.
14. A method for testing the breaking tension of a steel cord, comprising the testing machine of any one of claims 1 to 13, comprising the steps of:
a. preparing a sample, cutting a section of steel wire rope (31) as a sample, and bundling two ends of the sample by using thin iron wires;
b. winding the two ends of the sample on the upper and lower sample blocks (23) respectively;
c. and starting the hydraulic cylinder (1) to start the test, and recording the test result after the test sample is broken.
15. The steel wire rope breaking tension test method according to claim 14, characterized in that: in the step a, the steel wire ropes (31) wound on the sample blocks (23) are bound by sheet iron or thin iron wires every 5 cm.
16. The steel wire rope breaking tension test method according to claim 14, characterized in that: in the step b, the sample is wound in the sample groove (32) of the sample block (23) for more than 2 turns.
17. The steel wire rope breaking tension test method according to claim 14, characterized in that: and the winding position of the sample in the step b is positioned on the sample block (23) which is just below the right fixture body (26).
18. The steel wire rope breaking tension test method according to claim 14, characterized in that: and b, paying out the opening of the clamp by more than 15cm by the steel wire rope (31) sample in the step b.
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| CN113588424A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-11-02 | 江苏瑞徕电梯设备科技有限公司 | Steel wire rope tension detection equipment |
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| CN112326417A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-02-05 | 中国航发南方工业有限公司 | Special clamp for hard and brittle material tensile experiment |
| CN113310798A (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2021-08-27 | 盐城神力制绳有限公司 | Tensile detection device of boats and ships hawser |
| CN113310798B (en) * | 2021-05-12 | 2024-03-29 | 盐城神力制绳有限公司 | Tensile detection device for ship mooring rope |
| CN113588424A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-11-02 | 江苏瑞徕电梯设备科技有限公司 | Steel wire rope tension detection equipment |
| CN113588424B (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-11-26 | 江苏瑞徕电梯设备科技有限公司 | Steel wire rope tension detection equipment |
| CN114235587A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-03-25 | 中船华南船舶机械有限公司 | Testing method of tensile testing machine |
| CN115452578A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-12-09 | 高安市华鸿电器有限公司 | Tensile detection device of electric wire processing |
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