CN105928656B - A kind of underwater shock wave waveform reconstruction method and system - Google Patents
A kind of underwater shock wave waveform reconstruction method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105928656B CN105928656B CN201610243456.XA CN201610243456A CN105928656B CN 105928656 B CN105928656 B CN 105928656B CN 201610243456 A CN201610243456 A CN 201610243456A CN 105928656 B CN105928656 B CN 105928656B
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- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L23/00—Devices or apparatus for measuring or indicating or recording rapid changes, such as oscillations, in the pressure of steam, gas, or liquid; Indicators for determining work or energy of steam, internal-combustion, or other fluid-pressure engines from the condition of the working fluid
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Abstract
This patent discloses a kind of underwater shock wave waveform reconstruction method and system.The method that the disclosure proposes is based on low frequency equivalent rule and the conservation of energy is determined, and can be rebuild or be repaired to there are the undistorted shock wave waveforms of part measuring signal, according to rebuilding or repairing can need that different type decaying wave is selected to be rebuild or repaired.Waveform after method of disclosure reconstruction or reparation is close to real impact wave waveform, in practical applications with reliability and validity.
Description
Technical field
This disclosure relates to belong to pulse power measurement field, in particular, being related to a kind of underwater shock wave waveform reconstruction side
Method and system.
Background technology
Underwater gold category silk discharge-induced explosion generates shock wave has very big application, the U.S. in petrochemical industry medical domain at present
The shock wave transducer of PCB companies good installation side with uniformity in measurement as widely applied impact wave measurement sensor
Just advantage, widely used model is including PCB102, PCB113, PCB109, PCB138 etc..The shock wave transducer is based on
Shock wave pressure signal is converted into electric signal and handles record display using a series of signal by piezoelectric effect development, from
And obtain shock wave oscillogram.However, free field shockwave signal is non-static signals in water, it is a broadband signal, is had
Very precipitous wavefront and very big high fdrequency component, and the frequency band of the shock wave transducer is narrow, so being sensed with the shock wave
There is distortion in the measured waveform that device obtains.Therefore, it is carried to how to go out really and accurately waveform by surveyed waveform reconstruction
Requirement is gone out.
Invention content
In view of the above-mentioned problems, present disclose provides a kind of underwater shock wave waveform reconstruction method, the method includes following
Step:
S100, shock wave to be reconstructed is measured, obtains shock wave arrival moment;The measurement of the shock wave to be reconstructed
In signal, there are part measuring signals not to be distorted;
S200, selection are used for a kind of deamplification of reconstruction;
S300, the pressure signal peak value that the deamplification is determined using part undistorted in measuring signal;
S400, reach moment and the pressure signal peak value based on the shock wave, rebuild using the deamplification
Pressure signal.
Based on the method, a kind of underwater shock wave waveform reconstruction system is realized, the system comprises pressure signal acquisitions
Module, deamplification selecting module, signal peak determining module and reconstruction module;
Pressure signal acquisition module, is used for:Shock wave to be reconstructed is measured, obtains shock wave arrival moment;It is described
In the measuring signal of shock wave to be reconstructed, there are part measuring signals not to be distorted;
Deamplification selecting module, is used for:Selection is used for a kind of deamplification of reconstruction;
Signal peak determining module, is used for:The pressure of the deamplification is determined using part undistorted in measuring signal
Force signal peak value;
Module is rebuild, is used for:Moment and the pressure signal peak value are reached based on the shock wave, use the attenuation
Signal reconstruction pressure signal.
The method that the disclosure proposes can be rebuild or be repaired to the shock wave waveform that there is the true waveform in part, can root
It needs to select different type decaying wave according to rebuilding or repairing.Waveform after rebuilding or repairing is close to real impact wave waveform, this public affairs
The extraction of root has reliability and validity.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the method flow schematic diagram in one embodiment;
Fig. 2-1 is the pressure signal figure measured in one embodiment using PCB138;
Fig. 2-2 is the spectrogram that the pressure signal in Fig. 2-1 is obtained using Fourier transformation;
Fig. 3 is using triangle deamplification, Damped exponential signals, multi-exponential decay signal reconstruction wave in one embodiment
Shape and the oscillogram measured using PCB138;
Fig. 4 is the pressure peak assessment figure based on Muller probe in one embodiment.
Specific embodiment
In one embodiment, a kind of underwater shock wave waveform reconstruction method, the method flow chart such as Fig. 1 institutes are disclosed
Show:
S100, shock wave to be reconstructed is measured, obtains shock wave arrival moment;The measurement of the shock wave to be reconstructed
In signal, there are part measuring signals not to be distorted;
S200, selection are used for a kind of deamplification of reconstruction;
S300, the pressure signal peak value that the deamplification is determined using part undistorted in measuring signal;
S400, reach moment and the pressure signal peak value based on the shock wave, rebuild using the deamplification
Pressure signal.
In this embodiment, it in the measuring signal of shock wave to be reconstructed described in step S100, measures and believes there are part
It number is not distorted, shock wave to be reconstructed described here includes following two kinds of situations:
Situation one:Shock wave to be reconstructed is complete, but complete waveform, there are partial distortion, part is not distorted.For example treat weight
Building the waveform of shock wave can be obtained by the shock wave transducer of PCB companies of the U.S., such as:PCB102、PCB113、
PCB109, PCB138 etc..Since underwater shock wave is a broadband signal, this kind of sensor frequency band is narrow, is measured in water and impacted with it
Wave, the waveform obtained are true in low frequency part.For this situation, reconstruction is to be based on non-distorted portion by distorted portion
Repair approaching to reality waveform.
Situation two:The waveform of shock wave to be reconstructed is incomplete, and member-retaining portion is not distorted.For this situation, reconstruction is to be based on
Non- distorted portion restores broken partial section reparation.
Deamplification described in step S200 includes triangle deamplification, Damped exponential signals, multi-exponential decay signal.
Wherein, their expression formula is respectively formula (1), formula (2), formula (3).
Formula (1):
Wherein:ppeakFor pressure signal peak value;t0It is shock wave arrival moment;Δ T is triangle pulsewidth.
Formula (2):
Wherein:ppeakFor pressure signal peak value;t0It is shock wave arrival moment;τ is the time constant of Exponential Decay Wave.
Formula (3):
Wherein:ppeakFor pressure signal peak value;t0It is shock wave arrival moment;τ is the time constant of Exponential Decay Wave;B is
One constant.In one embodiment, B is set as 2;The timeconstantτ of Exponential Decay Wave is set as 0.702.
From formula (1), formula (2), formula (3) as can be seen that above-mentioned three kinds of deamplification with pressure signal peak value ppeak, impact
Wave reaches time t0It is related.Wherein, shock wave reaches time t0It can be determined from measuring signal.A kind of direct mode is to paint
The shock wave pressure signal measured and the relational graph of time are made, determines that shock wave reaches time t directly from figure0Value.So
For deamplification, to true waveform can be fitted, it must be determined that suitable pressure signal peak value ppeak.Cause
This, determines the pressure signal peak value of the deamplification, it should make using undistorted part in measuring signal in step S300
Based on pressure signal peak value ppeakObtained deamplification meets the combination of following any requirements or following requirements:
(1) in the corresponding frequency range [f of non-distorted signallow, fhigh] in, the energy of the deamplification is opposite to be measured
The error E rrorE of the energy of signal meets in the range of the first given threshold;Wherein:flow< fhigh;
(2) for belonging to the corresponding frequency range [f of non-distorted signallow, fhigh] in any frequency f0, the attenuation letter
Number frequency amplitude, the opposite signal that measures meets in the error E rrorP of the frequency amplitude of the frequency in the second given threshold range
It is interior;Wherein:flow≤f0≤fhigh。
Herein:
It is required that (1), based on law of conservation of energy, according to Parseval's theorem, time domain energy is equal to frequency domain energy, if two
A signal time domain has similar energy response, then frequency domain energy characteristic is also similar to.When two signal frequency domain energy errors
When ErrorE is in certain error range, it is believed that the two signals have similar frequency domain energy.
Wherein:
In formula:
In formula:ρ0It is the density of Static Water, c0It is speed of the shock wave in Static Water;Erec is reconstruction or repairs impact
Wave is in frequency range [flow, fhigh] in energy, Em is measuring shock waves in frequency range [flow, fhigh] in energy;Prec
Be reconstruction or repair shock wave frequency response, PmIt is the frequency response of measuring shock waves.
It is required that (2) are based on principle:At any frequency of low-frequency range, the amplitude-frequency response for rebuilding or repairing waveform is theoretically equivalent
In surveyed waveform.When the amplitude-frequency error E rrorP for rebuilding or repair waveform and measuring signal meets in certain error range,
I.e. it is believed that the amplitude-frequency sound for rebuilding or repairing waveform is equal to surveyed waveform.
If setting any frequency is denoted as f0, then:
In formula:
In formula:
pmIt is the pressure value of measuring signal;precIt is the pressure value of reconstruction or repair signal.
Meeting one of above-mentioned requirements, also can rebuild or repair shock wave waveform, but meet the requirements (1) and (2)
In the case of, the shock wave waveform rebuild or repaired is closer to true waveform.
Based on above-mentioned requirements, it may be determined that the pressure signal peak value of deamplification described in step S300.To meet the requirements
(1) for, in one embodiment, the method that the pressure signal peak value of the deamplification is determined in step S300 includes following
Step:
S301, using the pressure signal peak value of distorted portion non-in measuring signal as the pressure signal peak of deamplification undetermined
Value;
S302, deamplification under the pressure signal peak value of deamplification undetermined is obtained;
S303, in the corresponding frequency range of non-distorted signal, calculate the energy phases of deamplification that determine of step S302
To measuring the energy error of signal;
If the error that S304, step S303 are calculated meets in the range of the first given threshold, by deamplification undetermined
Pressure signal peak value is determined as the pressure signal peak value of deamplification described in step S300;Otherwise, step S305 is performed;
S305, determine deamplification undetermined pressure signal peak value change step;
S306, the pressure signal peak value that deamplification undetermined is changed by the step-length determined in step S305, return to step
S302。
To meet the requirements (2), then step S303, S304 is replaced with:
A frequency in the range of S303 ', the non-distorted signal respective frequencies of random selection, calculates the attenuation that step S302 is determined
The frequency amplitude of signal is opposite to measure error of the signal in the frequency amplitude of the frequency;
S304 ' if, step S303 calculate error meet in the range of the second given threshold, by deamplification undetermined
Pressure signal peak value is determined as the pressure signal peak value of deamplification described in step S300;Otherwise, step S305 is performed.
To meet the requirements (1) and (2) simultaneously, then after step S303, increase step S303 ', and by step S304
Replace with step S304 ':
S304 ' if, step S303 calculate error meet in the range of the second given threshold, and step S303 ' calculate
Error meets in the range of the second given threshold, then the pressure signal peak value of deamplification undetermined is determined as institute in step S300
State the pressure signal peak value of deamplification;Otherwise, step S305 is performed.
In one embodiment, be charged to 6 μ F capacitor moments of 19.8kV by electrode to wire (long 50mm, directly
280 μm of diameter) electric discharge, wire is mutually quick-fried and plasma channel expansion can generate shock wave in water.To the shock wave, use
PCB138 shock wave transducers measure, and obtain the pressure signal figure as shown in Fig. 2-1.
Fig. 2-1 gives the time-domain frequency-domain characteristic that PCB138 surveys waveform, and energy is mainly distributed on low-frequency range (<
500kHz), that is to say, that PCB138 has predominantly detected the low frequency part of shock wave, has ignored high frequency section.Therefore we recognize
The shock wave waveform measured for PCB138 is not vivid.
Since PCB138 has predominantly detected the low frequency part (< 500kHz) of shock wave, high frequency section is had ignored, therefore
In the frequency range less than 500kHz, measured signal is true and reliable.I.e. using the pressure signal that PCB138 is measured in low frequency portion
It is true to divide, and is only very in high frequency section.Therefore, shockwave signal can be obtained to measurement in the method in application drawing 1 to carry out
It rebuilds.
First, shock wave arrival moment t can be obtained from Fig. 2-10For 316.5 μ s.
Secondly, change to obtain spectrogram as shown in Fig. 2-2 using Fourier to the pressure signal measured.It reads in Fig. 2-2
A low-frequency range, obtain a frequency range be denoted as [flow, fhigh], wherein, flowFor 1kHz, fhighFor 10kHz.From the frequency
Rate range selects a frequency as f0, such as f0For 1kHz.First given threshold and the second given threshold are disposed as
1.5%.
Finally, to make based on pressure signal peak value ppeakWith shock wave arrival moment t0Deamplification meet simultaneously it is following
It is required that determine suitable ppeak:
(1) in frequency range [flow, fhigh] in, the error of the opposite energy for measuring signal of energy of the deamplification
ErrorE≤1.5%;
(2) for frequency f0, the frequency amplitude of the deamplification, the opposite frequency amplitude for measuring signal in the frequency
Error E rrorP≤1.5%, the density p of Static Water being related to when calculating frequency amplitude0For 1000kg/m3, shock wave is in static state
Speed c in water0For 1470m/s.
Triangle pulsewidth Δ T when rebuilding the shock wave, being related to when selection triangle deamplification is 17 μ s, determines pressure
When force signal peak value is 8.7MPa, triangle deamplification can be made to meet the requirements (1) and (2).
When selection Damped exponential signals are come when rebuilding the shock wave, the timeconstantτ for the Exponential Decay Wave being related to is
0.702, when determining pressure signal peak value as 8.7MPa, Damped exponential signals can be made to meet the requirements (1) and (2).
When selection multi-exponential decay signal is come when rebuilding the shock wave, the timeconstantτ for the Exponential Decay Wave being related to is
0.702, B is set as 2, determine pressure signal peak value be 8.7MPa when, can make multi-exponential decay signal meet the requirements (1) and
(2)。
Based on the above-mentioned parameter determined, the pressure signal figure respectively rebuild is drawn, as shown in Figure 3.It is visited when based on Muller
The wavy curve of the peak value appraisal procedure, according to fig. 3 middle fitting of needle obtains timeconstantτ, P is read on Muller probe figureT=τ,
Peak value is extrapolated as Pm=PT=τ× τ, figure 4, it is seen that the signal that Muller probe measures is with using multi-exponential decay signal
The waveform of reconstruction is very close.Therefore in free field shock wave waveform reconstruction in carrying out water or reparation, it is preferable to use multi index option
Deamplification carries out waveform reconstruction or reparation, and to rebuild or repair obtained waveform have good reliability and validity.
Based on the method, a kind of underwater shock wave waveform reconstruction system is realized, the system comprises pressure signal acquisitions
Module, deamplification selecting module, signal peak determining module and reconstruction module.
Pressure signal acquisition module, is used for:Shock wave to be reconstructed is measured, obtains shock wave arrival moment;It is described
In the measuring signal of shock wave to be reconstructed, there are part measuring signals not to be distorted.
Deamplification selecting module, is used for:Selection is used for a kind of deamplification of reconstruction;It is selectable in the module to decline
Cut signal includes:Triangle deamplification, Damped exponential signals, multi-exponential decay signal.Wherein, the multi-exponential decay signal
Normal parameter be set as 2;The time constant of the Exponential Decay Wave of the multi-exponential decay signal is set as 0.702.
Signal peak determining module, is used for:The pressure of the deamplification is determined using part undistorted in measuring signal
Force signal peak value.
Module is rebuild, is used for:Moment and the pressure signal peak value are reached based on the shock wave, use the attenuation
Signal reconstruction pressure signal.
Further, the pressure signal peak value determined in the signal peak determining module, it should can make to be based on the pressure
The deamplification that signal peak obtains meets the combination of following any requirements or following requirements:
(1) in the corresponding frequency range of non-distorted signal, the opposite energy for measuring signal of energy of the deamplification
Error meet in the range of the first given threshold;
(2) for belonging to the frequency in the corresponding frequency range of non-distorted signal, the frequency amplitude of the deamplification, phase
Meet in the range of the second given threshold in the error of the frequency amplitude of the frequency to measuring signal.
Based on the requirement that the pressure signal peak value determined in the signal peak determining module meets, the signal peak is true
Cover half block can further set corresponding functional unit, to determine the pressure signal peak value of the deamplification.It is wanted with meeting
For asking (1), in one embodiment, the signal peak determining module can include following units:
Pressure signal peak value determination unit undetermined, is used for:If the parameter value received includes pressure signal peak value, but lacks step
It is long, then using the pressure signal peak value as pressure signal peak value undetermined;If the parameter received includes pressure signal peak value and step-length,
Then the pressure signal peak value according to step-length is revised, revised pressure signal peak value is determined as pressure signal peak undetermined
Value;And the pressure signal peak value undetermined is exported and gives deamplification determination unit.
Deamplification determination unit, is used for:Receive the pressure signal undetermined that pressure signal peak value determination unit undetermined obtains
Peak value;Deamplification is determined according to the pressure signal peak value undetermined, and by the pressure signal peak value and deamplification undetermined of reception
It exports to error calculation unit.
First error calculation unit, is used for:The pressure signal peak value undetermined and decline that receiving attenuation signal determination unit exports
Cut signal;In the corresponding frequency range of non-distorted signal, according to the deamplification, the opposite survey of energy of the deamplification is calculated
Obtain the energy error of signal;And the pressure signal peak value undetermined and error of reception are exported to the pressure signal peak value of deamplification
Determination unit.
The pressure signal peak value determination unit of deamplification:Receive the pressure signal undetermined of the first error calculation unit output
Peak value and error;If error meets in the range of the first given threshold, which is determined as described decline
The pressure signal peak value of cut signal;Otherwise, the step-length of step size settings unit is obtained;By the step-length and the pressure signal undetermined
Peak value is exported to the pressure signal peak value determination unit of deamplification undetermined.
Step size settings unit, is used for:Determine the change step of the pressure signal peak value of deamplification undetermined.
To meet the requirements (2), then the first error calculation unit, can use the second error calculation unit to replace:
Second error calculation unit, is used for:The pressure signal peak value undetermined and decline that receiving attenuation signal determination unit exports
Cut signal;A frequency in the range of the non-distorted signal respective frequencies of random selection, the frequency amplitude for calculating the deamplification are opposite
Measure error of the signal in the frequency amplitude of the frequency;And the pressure signal peak value undetermined and error of reception are exported and believed to attenuation
Number pressure signal peak value determination unit.
Correspondingly, the pressure signal peak value determination unit of deamplification is changed to:
Receive the pressure signal peak value undetermined and error of the second error calculation unit output;If error meets in the second setting
In threshold range, then the pressure signal peak value undetermined is determined as to the pressure signal peak value of the deamplification;Otherwise, step is obtained
The step-length of long setup unit;The step-length and the pressure signal peak value undetermined are exported to the pressure signal of deamplification undetermined
Peak value determination unit.
To meet the requirements (1) and (2) simultaneously, then described peak value determining module is including the first error calculation unit
On the basis of, the second error calculation unit is further included, meanwhile, the pressure signal peak value determination unit of deamplification is changed to:
The pressure signal peak value undetermined and error of the first error calculation unit output are received, receives the second error calculation unit
The pressure signal peak value undetermined and error of output;If the error that the first error calculation unit calculates meets in the first given threshold model
In enclosing, and if the error that calculates of the second error calculation unit meet in the range of the second given threshold, this is treated that constant-pressure is believed
Number peak value is determined as the pressure signal peak value of the deamplification;
Otherwise, the step-length of step size settings unit is obtained;The step-length and the pressure signal peak value undetermined are exported to treating
Determine the pressure signal peak value determination unit of deamplification.
The disclosure is described in detail above, used herein principle and embodiment party of the specific case to the disclosure
Formula is expounded, and the explanation of above example is only intended to help to understand disclosed method and its core concept;It is meanwhile right
In those skilled in the art, according to the thought of the disclosure, there will be changes, comprehensive in specific embodiments and applications
Upper described, the content of the present specification should not be construed as the limitation to the disclosure.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. underwater shock wave waveform reconstruction method, which is characterized in that the method includes following step:S100, shock wave to be reconstructed is measured, obtains shock wave arrival moment;The measuring signal of the shock wave to be reconstructed In, there are part measuring signals not to be distorted;S200, selection are used for a kind of deamplification of reconstruction;S300, the pressure signal peak value that the deamplification is determined using part undistorted in measuring signal;S400, reach moment and the pressure signal peak value based on the shock wave, pressure is rebuild using the deamplification Signal.
- 2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the deamplification meet it is following it is any requirement or it is following will The combination asked:(1) in the corresponding frequency range of non-distorted signal, the mistake of the opposite energy for measuring signal of energy of the deamplification Difference meets in the range of the first given threshold;(2) for belonging to any frequency in the range of non-distorted signal respective frequencies, the frequency amplitude of the deamplification, relatively The error that signal is measured in the frequency amplitude of the frequency meets in the range of the second given threshold.
- 3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that:The deamplification includes triangle deamplification, Damped exponential signals, multi-exponential decay signal.
- 4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that:The normal parameter of the multi-exponential decay signal is set as 2;The time constant of the Exponential Decay Wave of the multi-exponential decay signal is set as 0.702.
- 5. a kind of underwater shock wave waveform reconstruction system, it is characterised in that:The system comprises pressure signal acquisition module, deamplification selecting module, signal peak determining module and rebuild mould Block;Pressure signal acquisition module, is used for:Shock wave to be reconstructed is measured, obtains shock wave arrival moment;It is described to treat weight It builds in the measuring signal of shock wave, there are part measuring signals not to be distorted;Deamplification selecting module, is used for:Selection is used for a kind of deamplification of reconstruction;Signal peak determining module, is used for:The pressure for determining the deamplification using part undistorted in measuring signal is believed Number peak value;Module is rebuild, is used for:Moment and the pressure signal peak value are reached based on the shock wave, use the deamplification Rebuild pressure signal.
- 6. system according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the deamplification meet it is following it is any requirement or it is following will The combination asked:(1) in the corresponding frequency range of non-distorted signal, the mistake of the opposite energy for measuring signal of energy of the deamplification Difference meets in the range of the first given threshold;(2) for belonging to any frequency in the range of non-distorted signal respective frequencies, the frequency amplitude of the deamplification, relatively The error that signal is measured in the frequency amplitude of the frequency meets in the range of the second given threshold.
- 7. system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:The deamplification includes triangle deamplification, Damped exponential signals, multi-exponential decay signal.
- 8. system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that:The normal parameter of the multi-exponential decay signal is set as 2;The time constant of the Exponential Decay Wave of the multi-exponential decay signal is set as 0.702.
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