CN105924204A - 一种轻质多孔磷酸铝陶瓷球的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种轻质多孔磷酸铝陶瓷球的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- RGPUVZXXZFNFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K diphosphonooxyalumanyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Al+3].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O RGPUVZXXZFNFBF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Phosphate ion(2-) Chemical compound OP([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical class [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229940068984 polyvinyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007088 Archimedes method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001473 noxious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种轻质多孔磷酸铝陶瓷球的制备方法,其特征在于采用以下步骤:(1)把氧化铝粉末,磷酸二氢铝粉末,熔块粉末按比例进行干混;(2)造粒、成型,制得圆柱状坯体;(3)在70℃干燥5小时后,把坯体放到内底部为半圆球形的氧化铝坩埚内,以5℃/min的速度加热升温到150℃并保温2小时,再以10‑20℃/min的速度加热升温到380℃并保温1个小时,然后以1℃/min的速度加热升温到680℃并保温2小时,最后以5℃/min的速度加热升温到1150℃并保温2个小时,随后自然冷却到室温,即制得轻质多孔磷酸铝陶瓷球。
Description
技术领域
本发明提供的是一种轻质多孔磷酸铝陶瓷球的制备方法,属于特种陶瓷材料制备技术领域。
背景技术
多孔磷酸铝(AlPO4)陶瓷球在工业生产中的应用非常广泛,可以作为催化剂载体、高温过滤器、化工填料、保温和耐火材料等。在作为光催化剂载体和其他液相反应催化剂载体,以及作为水中有毒物质的吸附剂时,为了保障具有高效的催化效果和(或)吸附效率,往往要求多孔陶瓷球在水中处于悬浮状态,这就需要制备一种轻质多孔陶瓷球。目前,国内外主要是采用易烧失的有机物制成的球体作为球形坯体的“芯”,然后通过烧成除去球形有机“芯”,从而制备一种可悬浮的多孔陶瓷空心球。该方法的缺点是:成型较困难,且在有机物烧失的过程中,易导致陶瓷开裂或破坏,降低产品的成品率;此外,这种工艺过程较复杂,成本较高,经济效益差,易污染环境。为了克服上述难题,本发明了提供了一种高效、简单、安全、可靠、易于操作、成本低廉的轻质多孔磷酸铝陶瓷球的制备方法。
发明内容
本发明技术提供一种高效、简单、安全、可靠、易于操作、成本低廉的轻质多孔磷酸铝陶瓷球的制备方法,其技术方案为:
一种轻质多孔磷酸铝陶瓷球的制备方法,其特征在于采用以下步骤:(1)把氧化铝粉末,磷酸二氢铝粉末,熔块粉末按照质量比为1:3.11:0.03的比例进行干混;其中,熔块中含有50 wt%氧化锂、30 wt%的氧化钠和20 wt%的二氧化硅;(2)添加浓度为8 wt%的聚乙烯醇溶液作为粘结剂,粘结剂的添加量是坯料总质量的5%;然后造粒、成型,制得圆柱状坯体;(3)在70 ℃干燥坯体5小时后,把坯体放到内底部为半圆球形的氧化铝坩埚内,在大气气氛下以5 ℃/min的速度加热升温到150 ℃并保温2小时,再以10-20 ℃/min的速度加热升温到380 ℃并保温1个小时,然后以1 ℃/min的速度加热升温到680 ℃并保温2小时,最后以5℃/min的速度加热升温到1150 ℃并保温2个小时,随后自然冷却到室温,即制得轻质多孔磷酸铝陶瓷球。
所述的一种轻质多孔磷酸铝陶瓷球的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中的氧化铝粉末的平均粒径为0.6微米,磷酸二氢铝粉末平均粒径为0.5微米,熔块粉末的平均粒径为0.7微米。
所述的一种轻质多孔磷酸铝陶瓷球的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中的成型指的是对粉体进行干压成型,成型压力为10-25MPa。
图1是本发明技术制备的轻质多孔磷酸铝陶瓷球漂浮于水中的照片;从图中可以看到:磷酸铝陶瓷球漂浮于水中,说明磷酸铝陶瓷球的体积密度小于水的密度,即本发明技术制备的材料属于轻质多孔陶瓷材料。
本技术发明的原理如下:
利用磷酸二氢铝在较低温度下可熔融为液体,然后在较高温度下又可凝固的性能,使得坯体在烧结过程中自发形成为球体,具体原理如下:把磷酸二氢铝加热到150 ℃、保温2小时后,磷酸二氢铝转变为为液态,然后快速加热到380 ℃并保温1小时,其目的是使各种原料在该温度下形成一种粘度很大的粘滞体。加入熔块的作用是一方面可以促进原料熔融为一种粘性很大的粘滞体,另一方面还可以增大表面张力,使得粘滞体能自发形成为球体。缓慢加热到680 ℃过程中,磷酸二氢铝逐渐凝固为固体;升温过程中,磷酸二氢铝会分解为磷酸铝、水蒸气和五氧化二磷,生成的五氧化二磷会和氧化铝反应生成磷酸铝,而水蒸气具有成孔的作用,这样就可制备轻质多孔磷酸铝陶瓷。
具体实施方式
实施例1
把氧化铝粉末,磷酸二氢铝粉末,熔块粉末按照质量比为1:3.11:0.03的比例进行干混;其中,熔块中含有50 wt%氧化锂、30 wt%的氧化钠和20 wt%的二氧化硅;控制氧化铝粉末的平均粒径为0.6微米,磷酸二氢铝粉末平均粒径为0.5微米,熔块粉末的平均粒径为0.7微米;添加浓度为8 wt%的聚乙烯醇溶液作为粘结剂,粘结剂的添加量是坯料总质量的5%;然后造粒、用10MPa压力干压成型,制得圆柱状坯体;在70 ℃干燥坯体5小时后,把坯体放到内底部为半圆球形的氧化铝坩埚内,在大气气氛下以5 ℃/min的速度加热升温到150 ℃并保温2小时,再以10 ℃/min的速度加热升温到380 ℃并保温1个小时,然后以1 ℃/min的速度加热升温到680 ℃并保温2小时,最后以5 ℃/min的速度加热升温到1150 ℃并保温2个小时,随后自然冷却到室温,即制得轻质多孔磷酸铝陶瓷球。用阿基米德法测得多孔陶瓷球的体积密度为0.90 g/cm3,开气孔率为38 %。用XRD分析测得陶瓷球的晶相为磷酸铝。
实施例2
把氧化铝粉末,磷酸二氢铝粉末,熔块粉末按照质量比为1:3.11:0.03的比例进行干混;其中,熔块中含有50 wt%氧化锂、30 wt%的氧化钠和20 wt%的二氧化硅;控制氧化铝粉末的平均粒径为0.6微米,磷酸二氢铝粉末平均粒径为0.5微米,熔块粉末的平均粒径为0.7微米;添加浓度为8 wt%的聚乙烯醇溶液作为粘结剂,粘结剂的添加量是坯料总质量的5%;然后造粒、用20MPa压力干压成型,制得圆柱状坯体;在70 ℃干燥坯体5小时后,把坯体放到内底部为半圆球形的氧化铝坩埚内,在大气气氛下以5 ℃/min的速度加热升温到150 ℃并保温2小时,再以15 ℃/min的速度加热升温到380 ℃并保温1个小时,然后以1 ℃/min的速度加热升温到680 ℃并保温2小时,最后以5 ℃/min的速度加热升温到1150 ℃并保温2个小时,随后自然冷却到室温,即制得轻质多孔磷酸铝陶瓷球。用阿基米德法测得多孔陶瓷球的体积密度为0.91 g/cm3,开气孔率为36 %。用XRD分析测得陶瓷球的晶相为磷酸铝。
实施例3
把氧化铝粉末,磷酸二氢铝粉末,熔块粉末按照质量比为1:3.11:0.03的比例进行干混;其中,熔块中含有50 wt%氧化锂、30 wt%的氧化钠和20 wt%的二氧化硅;控制氧化铝粉末的平均粒径为0.6微米,磷酸二氢铝粉末平均粒径为0.5微米,熔块粉末的平均粒径为0.7微米;添加浓度为8 wt%的聚乙烯醇溶液作为粘结剂,粘结剂的添加量是坯料总质量的5%;然后造粒、用25 MPa压力干压成型,制得圆柱状坯体;在70 ℃干燥坯体5小时后,把坯体放到内底部为半圆球形的氧化铝坩埚内,在大气气氛下以5 ℃/min的速度加热升温到150 ℃并保温2小时,再以20 ℃/min的速度加热升温到380 ℃并保温1个小时,然后以1 ℃/min的速度加热升温到680 ℃并保温2小时,最后以5 ℃/min的速度加热升温到1150 ℃并保温2个小时,随后自然冷却到室温,即制得轻质多孔磷酸铝陶瓷球。用阿基米德法测得多孔陶瓷球的体积密度为0.93 g/cm3,开气孔率为34 %。用XRD分析测得陶瓷球的晶相为磷酸铝。
Claims (3)
1.一种轻质多孔磷酸铝陶瓷球的制备方法,其特征在于采用以下步骤:(1)把氧化铝粉末,磷酸二氢铝粉末,熔块粉末按照质量比为1:3.11:0.03的比例进行干混;其中,熔块中含有50 wt%氧化锂、30 wt%的氧化钠和20 wt%的二氧化硅;(2)添加浓度为8 wt%的聚乙烯醇溶液作为粘结剂,粘结剂的添加量是坯料总质量的5%;然后造粒、成型,制得圆柱状坯体;(3)在70 ℃干燥坯体5小时后,把坯体放到内底部为半圆球形的氧化铝坩埚内,在大气气氛下以5 ℃/min的速度加热升温到150 ℃并保温2小时,再以10-20 ℃/min的速度加热升温到380 ℃并保温1个小时,然后以1 ℃/min的速度加热升温到680 ℃并保温2小时,最后以5℃/min的速度加热升温到1150 ℃并保温2个小时,随后自然冷却到室温,即制得轻质多孔磷酸铝陶瓷球。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种轻质多孔磷酸铝陶瓷球的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中的氧化铝粉末的平均粒径为0.6微米,磷酸二氢铝粉末平均粒径为0.5微米,熔块粉末的平均粒径为0.7微米。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种轻质多孔磷酸铝陶瓷球的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中的成型指的是对粉体进行干压成型,成型压力为10-25MPa。
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CN112876224A (zh) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-06-01 | 东莞市倍益清环保科技有限公司 | 一种多孔阻垢陶瓷的制备方法和用途 |
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CN1091764A (zh) * | 1993-02-19 | 1994-09-07 | 胡小弟 | 高温复合粘结剂 |
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CN105481464A (zh) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-04-13 | 青岛百键城环保科技有限公司 | 一种多孔耐火材料及其制备方法 |
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CN103396150A (zh) * | 2013-07-30 | 2013-11-20 | 河南煤业化工集团研究院有限责任公司 | 利用固体废弃物制备泡沫陶瓷自保温墙体材料的方法 |
CN105481464A (zh) * | 2014-09-19 | 2016-04-13 | 青岛百键城环保科技有限公司 | 一种多孔耐火材料及其制备方法 |
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CN112876224A (zh) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-06-01 | 东莞市倍益清环保科技有限公司 | 一种多孔阻垢陶瓷的制备方法和用途 |
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