CN105920649A - 防水透气护创材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

防水透气护创材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN105920649A
CN105920649A CN201610399609.XA CN201610399609A CN105920649A CN 105920649 A CN105920649 A CN 105920649A CN 201610399609 A CN201610399609 A CN 201610399609A CN 105920649 A CN105920649 A CN 105920649A
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万元江
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Dongguan Wanjia Medical Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及医用辅料领域，具体涉及一种防水透气护创材料及其制备方法，防水透气护创材料按质量份计，组分为抗菌剂0.3‑0.5份、成膜剂1‑4份、致孔剂1‑3份、溶剂92‑98份、助悬剂0.1‑0.2份、止血剂0.1‑0.2份和吸收剂0.1‑0.2份。本发明防水透气、创口可视、能防止感染、有利于创口愈合、且外观隐蔽、不影响美观。

Description

防水透气护创材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及医用辅料领域，特别是涉及一种防水透气护创材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
当皮肤某处受到伤害，产生创面，需要及时的止血消毒，涂抹药膏，同时通过医用辅料隔离环境中的细菌污染。现有的医用敷料粘结层一般涂有粘结剂，使用时一般在创面涂抹药膏后，再覆盖一层纱布，然后再用敷料固定。
一方面，由于纱布不透明，创口不可视，不能及时查看创面的愈合情况，如果不覆盖纱布，又会导致挤压药膏，致使粘结层四周粘有药膏后失去粘结力，不能牢固、密闭的粘结皮肤，影响创口愈合。第二方面，粘着创口，更换时会造成再次性机械性损伤。第三方面，不防水，创口包扎处容易进水，造成感染，容易影响恢复效果甚至加重病情。第四方面，不透气，不利于创口愈合。第五方面，外界环境微生物容易通过，交叉感染的机会较高。第六方面，创口处包裹一纱布，影响美观。
发明内容
为解决上述问题，本发明提供一种防水透气、创口可视、能防止感染、有利于创口愈合、且外观隐蔽、不影响美观的防水透气护创材料及其制备方法。
本发明所采用的技术方案是：防水透气护创材料，按质量份计，组分为抗菌剂0.3-0.5份、成膜剂1-4份、致孔剂1-3份、溶剂92-98份、助悬剂0.1-0.2份、止血剂0.1-0.2份和吸收剂0.1-0.2份。
对上述技术方案的进一步改进为，所述成膜剂为聚乙烯醇缩丁醛；所述致孔剂为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和甘油的混合物，其中，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和甘油的质量比为1：1.26；所述溶剂为乙醇，所述抗菌剂为纳米银、纳米锌和壳聚糖的混合物，其中，纳米银、纳米锌和壳聚糖的重量比为1:2：0.5；所述助悬剂为海藻酸钠；所述止血剂为薄荷脑；所示吸收剂为羧甲基纤维素钠。
对上述技术方案的进一步改进为，所述聚乙烯醇缩丁醛的型号为粘度 250CPS～280CPS或10s～15s；所述聚乙烯吡咯烷酮的规格为K20～K25。
对上述技术方案的进一步改进为，按质量份计，组分为抗菌剂0.4份、成膜剂3份、致孔剂1.5份、溶剂94.7份、助悬剂0.1份、止血剂0.2份、吸收剂0.1份。
对上述技术方案的进一步改进为，按质量份计，组分为抗菌剂0.4份、成膜剂1份、致孔剂1份、溶剂97.2份、助悬剂0.1份和止血剂0.2份、吸收剂0.1份。
对上述技术方案的进一步改进为，按质量份计，组分为抗菌剂0.4份、成膜剂4份、致孔剂3份、溶剂92.2份、助悬剂0.1份和止血剂0.2份、吸收剂0.1份。
防水透气护创材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
①取质量比为1:2：0.5纳米银、纳米锌和壳聚糖粉末共5g溶解于2000g75％的乙醇溶液中，采用磁力搅拌机上搅拌混匀，制备抗菌溶液，取质量比为1：1.26的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和甘油粉末共30g溶解于3000g乙醇溶液中，采用磁力搅拌机上搅拌混匀，制备致孔溶液，取聚乙烯醇缩丁醛粉末40g溶解于4220乙醇溶液中，采用磁力搅拌机上搅拌混匀，制备成膜溶液；
②将上述抗菌溶液、致孔溶液和成膜溶液导入反应釜，充分搅拌均匀，得到A液；
③向A液中加入薄荷脑20g，充分搅拌溶解，得到B液；
④向B液中加入海藻酸钠10g，充分搅拌溶解，形成稳定胶体溶液，即防水透气护创材料；
⑤将步骤④中的产品装于喷雾瓶中，将其喷雾于清洁的玻璃表面时，应形成清澈的、有一定弹性和粘性的薄膜。
本发明的有益效果为：
1、本发明的防水透气护创材料，通过抗菌剂杀死创口表面细菌，止血剂对创口进行止血，成膜剂在创口表面形成一层防护膜、促进痂皮形成、隔离微生物、起到抑菌作用，致孔剂增加创口表面防护膜的透气性，助悬剂增加分散介 质的黏度以降低微粒的沉降速度、使得各组分在溶剂中充分混合、成膜均匀，通过吸收剂吸收创口渗出液形成凝胶体、防止创面感染。一方面，本发明的防水透气护创材料配方稳定、无毒、无刺激，无致敏，组分之间具有良好的生物相容性，具有抗菌、止血、消炎、隔离创口、吸收创口渗出液等多重功效；第二方面，、成膜剂促进创口表面形成一层透明的保护膜、便于观察创口的愈合情况，且保护膜外观隐蔽，不影响美观，保护膜能完全覆盖创口，防止外界环境微生物通过，避免交叉感染，涂覆本发明的防水透气护创材料后，不需频繁换药，有利于创口愈合；第三方面，由于添加有致孔剂，使得聚合后的保护膜表面形成空隙，增加防护膜的透气性，进一步有利于创口愈合；第四方面，本发明适用于治疗感染性伤口、手术切口、外科创伤、体表溃疡、各种烧、烫伤创伤，尤其对有渗出液的感染性创伤效果显著，适用范围广泛。
2、成膜剂为聚乙烯醇缩丁醛，使得创口表面形成的保护膜具有很好的透明性、弹性、可挠性、韧性；致孔剂为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和甘油的混合物，其中，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和甘油的质量比为1：1.26，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和甘油交联，促进保护膜形成不允许水分通过、但允许水蒸气分子通过的分子空隙，增加保护膜的透气性，同时甘油能与其他组分交联，增加其他组分作用效果的显著性；抗菌剂为纳米银、纳米锌和壳聚糖的混合物，其中，纳米银、纳米锌和壳聚糖的重量比为1:2：0.5，采用银离子和锌离子杀菌，杀菌因子的粒径为纳米级，杀菌效果好，且纳米银、纳米锌具有协同作用，使得本发明的抗菌作用大大增强，同时锌本身具有促进伤口愈合的作用，壳聚糖一方面起到缓释剂的作用，另一方面促进创口表面保护膜的形成；助悬剂为海藻酸钠，一方面促进成膜均匀，第二方面，壳聚糖和海藻酸钠能交联，形成界于保护膜与创口之间的壳聚糖-海藻酸钠水凝胶层，防止保护膜与创面粘连，减轻换药时的疼痛感；止血剂为薄荷脑，在止血的同时，具有清凉止痒的功能，防止创口愈合过程中的瘙痒。吸收剂为羧甲基纤维素钠，防止创面感染，在湿性愈合理论下，吸收伤口大量渗出液形成凝胶体，减少了敷料的更换次数，更重要的是为伤口创造良好的湿温度及PH值，唤醒机体自身免疫能力，同时羧甲基纤维素钠能与甘油交联，形成 固化的羧甲基纤维素钠-甘油层，覆盖于创口表面，充分吸收渗出液。溶剂为乙醇，各部分能充分溶解于乙醇中，增加了保护膜的均匀性和稳定性。
3、所述聚乙烯醇缩丁醛的型号为粘度250CPS～280CPS或10s～15s，聚乙烯醇缩丁醛粘度小，脆性小，成膜性好；所述聚乙烯吡咯烷酮的规格为K15～K25，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮K值较小，空间位阻小，容易与聚乙烯醇缩丁醛交联而形成分子孔隙，致孔效果好。
4、防水透气护创材料的制备方法，该方法工艺简单、制备成本低，制备的防水透气护创材料性能稳定、效果显著。
具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
实施例1：
防水透气护创材料，按质量份计，组分为抗菌剂0.4份、成膜剂3份、致孔剂1.5份、溶剂94.7份、助悬剂0.1份、止血剂0.2份、吸收剂0.1份；
成膜剂为聚乙烯醇缩丁醛；所述致孔剂为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和甘油的混合物，其中，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和甘油的质量比为1：1.26；所述溶剂为乙醇，所述抗菌剂为纳米银、纳米锌和壳聚糖的混合物，其中，纳米银、纳米锌和壳聚糖的重量比为1:2：0.5；所述助悬剂为海藻酸钠；所述止血剂为薄荷脑；所示吸收剂为羧甲基纤维素钠。
其中，聚乙烯醇缩丁醛的型号为粘度260CPS，,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮的规格为K23。
实施例2：
防水透气护创材料，按质量份计，抗菌剂0.4份、成膜剂1份、致孔剂1份、溶剂97.2份、助悬剂0.1份和止血剂0.2份、吸收剂0.1份；
成膜剂为聚乙烯醇缩丁醛；所述致孔剂为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和甘油的混合物，其中，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和甘油的质量比为1：1.26；所述溶剂为乙醇，所述抗菌剂为纳米银、纳米锌和壳聚糖的混合物，其中，纳米银、纳米锌和壳聚糖的重量比为1:2：0.5；所述助悬剂为海藻酸钠；所述止血剂为薄荷脑；所示吸收剂 为羧甲基纤维素钠。
其中，聚乙烯醇缩丁醛的型号为粘度270CPS，,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮的规格为K24。
实施例3
防水透气护创材料，按质量份计，抗菌剂0.4份、成膜剂4份、致孔剂3份、溶剂92.2份、助悬剂0.1份和止血剂0.2份、吸收剂0.1份；
成膜剂为聚乙烯醇缩丁醛；所述致孔剂为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和甘油的混合物，其中，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和甘油的质量比为1：1.26；所述溶剂为乙醇，所述抗菌剂为纳米银、纳米锌和壳聚糖的混合物，其中，纳米银、纳米锌和壳聚糖的重量比为1:2：0.5；所述助悬剂为海藻酸钠；所述止血剂为薄荷脑；所示吸收剂为羧甲基纤维素钠。
其中，聚乙烯醇缩丁醛的型号为粘度270CPS，,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮的规格为K24。
对照组
从市场上购买某一通用品牌的液体创可贴作为对照。
上述3个实施例中，聚乙烯醇缩丁醛来源于天津华昌源化工贸易有限公司，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮来源于广州粤美化工，纳米银和纳米锌来源于常州英中纳米科技有限公司，海藻酸钠来源于连云港环宇海藻助剂有限公司。
上述3个实施例中，防水透气护创材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
①取质量比为1:2：0.5纳米银、纳米锌和壳聚糖粉末共5g溶解于2000g75％的乙醇溶液中，采用磁力搅拌机上搅拌混匀，制备抗菌溶液，取质量比为1：1.26的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和甘油粉末共30g溶解于3000g乙醇溶液中，采用磁力搅拌机上搅拌混匀，制备致孔溶液，取聚乙烯醇缩丁醛粉末40g溶解于4220乙醇溶液中，采用磁力搅拌机上搅拌混匀，制备成膜溶液；
②将上述抗菌溶液、致孔溶液和成膜溶液导入反应釜，充分搅拌均匀，得到A液；
③向A液中加入薄荷脑20g，充分搅拌溶解，得到B液；
④向B液中加入海藻酸钠10g，充分搅拌溶解，形成稳定胶体溶液，即防水透气护创材料；
⑤将步骤④中的产品装于喷雾瓶中，将其喷雾于清洁的玻璃表面时，形成清澈的、有一定弹性和粘性的薄膜。
上述实施例中，防水透气护创材料的使用方法为，
清洁创面，打开喷雾瓶，按每平方厘米0.2ml～0.5ml的用量将防水透气护创材料喷于创面，直至创面边缘正常皮肤0.5cm～1cm，待其溶剂挥发成膜即可。
药物效果试验：
试验对象：12位皮肤创伤原因、创伤程度、创伤面积均相同的患者，分为4组，每组3人；皮肤创伤原因均为切水果时左手食指被切伤，创伤面积为1cm2～1.5cm2，创口有流血。
试验方法：取实施例1的防水透气护创材料，按每平方厘米0.3ml的用量分别喷于第一组的3位患者创口皮肤表面(患者年龄相仿)，取实施例2的防水透气护创材料，按每平方厘米0.3ml的用量分别喷于第二组的3位的患者创口皮肤表面(患者年龄相仿)，取实施例3的防水透气护创材料，按每平方厘米0.3ml的用量分别喷于第三组的3位患者创口皮肤表面(患者年龄相仿)，取对照组的液体创口贴粘贴于第四组的3位患者创口皮肤表面(患者年龄相仿)；对各组创口连续观察5天，观察创口成膜情况和皮肤修复情况。
试验结果：各实施例和对照组中，成膜时间及创口修复时间如表1所示，
表1：成膜时间及创口修复时间统计表
结果分析：
本发明的防水透气护创材料喷于创口表面后，能立即止血，在较短时间内在创口表面形成一层保护膜，所形成的保护膜光滑平整，且对于本试验中的小创口，喷一次后无需换药，经过几天后即可创口愈合，相对于对照组的液体创口贴，本发明止血、消炎、杀菌效果好、无不良反应、创口可视，不需换药，创口愈合快、不留疤痕。
同时，对于不同浓度的防水透气护创材料，成膜剂和致孔剂浓度越高，成膜时间越短，创口愈合时间越短，由于成膜剂能在创口表面形成一层保护膜，起到隔离微生物、防水的作用，防止交叉感染，致孔剂的加入，增加了保护膜的透气性，促进创口愈合。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (7)

1.防水透气护创材料，其特征在于：按质量份计，组分为抗菌剂0.3-0.5份、成膜剂1-4份、致孔剂1-3份、溶剂92-98份、助悬剂0.1-0.2份、止血剂0.1-0.2份和吸收剂0.1-0.2份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的防水透气护创材料，其特征在于：所述成膜剂为聚乙烯醇缩丁醛；所述致孔剂为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和甘油的混合物，其中，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和甘油的质量比为1：1.26；所述溶剂为乙醇，所述抗菌剂为纳米银、纳米锌和壳聚糖的混合物，其中，纳米银、纳米锌和壳聚糖的重量比为1:2：0.5；所述助悬剂为海藻酸钠；所述止血剂为薄荷脑；所示吸收剂为羧甲基纤维素钠。
3.根据权利要求2所述的防水透气护创材料，其特征在于：所述聚乙烯醇缩丁醛的型号为粘度250CPS～280CPS或10s～15s；所述聚乙烯吡咯烷酮的规格为K20～K25。
4.根据权利要求3所述的防水透气护创材料，其特征在于：按质量份计，组分为抗菌剂0.4份、成膜剂3份、致孔剂1.5份、溶剂94.7份、助悬剂0.1份、止血剂0.2份、吸收剂0.1份。
5.根据权利要求3所述的防水透气护创材料，其特征在于：按质量份计，组分为抗菌剂0.4份、成膜剂1份、致孔剂1份、溶剂97.2份、助悬剂0.1份和止血剂0.2份、吸收剂0.1份。
6.根据权利要求3所述的防水透气护创材料，其特征在于：按质量份计，组分为抗菌剂0.4份、成膜剂4份、致孔剂3份、溶剂92.2份、助悬剂0.1份和止血剂0.2份、吸收剂0.1份。
7.防水透气护创材料的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
①取质量比为1:2：0.5纳米银、纳米锌和壳聚糖粉末共5g溶解于2000g75％的乙醇溶液中，采用磁力搅拌机上搅拌混匀，制备抗菌溶液，取质量比为1：1.26的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和甘油粉末共30g溶解于3000g乙醇溶液中，采用磁力搅拌机上搅拌混匀，制备致孔溶液，取聚乙烯醇缩丁醛粉末40g溶解于4220乙醇溶液中，采用磁力搅拌机上搅拌混匀，制备成膜溶液；
②将上述抗菌溶液、致孔溶液和成膜溶液导入反应釜，充分搅拌均匀，得到A液；
③向A液中加入薄荷脑20g，充分搅拌溶解，得到B液；
④向B液中加入海藻酸钠10g，充分搅拌溶解，形成稳定胶体溶液，即防水透气护创材料；
⑤将步骤④中的产品装于喷雾瓶中，将其喷雾于清洁的玻璃表面时，应形成清澈的、有一定弹性和粘性的薄膜。
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Application publication date: 20160907