CN105911697A - 基于Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜的智能眼镜 - Google Patents

基于Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜的智能眼镜 Download PDF

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CN105911697A
CN105911697A CN201610518209.6A CN201610518209A CN105911697A CN 105911697 A CN105911697 A CN 105911697A CN 201610518209 A CN201610518209 A CN 201610518209A CN 105911697 A CN105911697 A CN 105911697A
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liquid crystal
pancharatnam
phase place
berry phase
crystal lens
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孙嘉瞳
王骁乾
王路
谈铭威
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Suzhou Chig Optics Tech Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于Pancharatnam‑Berry相位液晶透镜的智能眼镜，包括一幅眼镜、Pancharatnam‑Berry相位液晶透镜、电池和电路驱动装置；PB相位液晶透镜镶嵌在眼镜镜片中或贴合在眼镜镜片上；电路驱动装置和电池串联安装在眼镜手柄上，并与PB相位液晶透镜串联；智能眼镜的显示像素由单个或多个PB相位液晶透镜构成，其像素阵列用电直接驱动或者无源矩阵驱动或者有源矩阵驱动。本发明通过液晶PB相位透镜阵列的制作和使用，一方面无需人工背光源，即实现模糊态和清晰态之间切换的透明显示效果，降低能耗，并具有较强的续航能力；另一方面操作电压较低，通常小于5V，提高了头戴式增强现实的安全性能。

Description

基于 Pancharatnam-Berry 相位液晶透镜的智能眼镜
技术领域
本发明涉及基于透明显示的增强现实领域，特别是涉及一种基于Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜的智能眼镜。
背景技术
增强现实技术是一种将真实世界信息和虚拟世界信息“无缝”集成的新技术，是把原本在现实世界的一定时间空间范围内很难体验到的实体视觉信息，通过电脑等科学技术，模拟仿真后再叠加，将虚拟的信息应用到真实世界，被人眼所感知，从而达到超越现实的视觉体验。增强现实技术，不仅展现了真实世界的信息，而且将虚拟的信息同时显示出来，真实的环境和虚拟的物体实时地叠加到了同一个画面或空间同时存在，两种信息相互补充、叠加。在视觉化的增强现实中，用户利用头戴式显示器，如：谷歌眼镜，把真实世界与电脑图形多重合成在一起，便可以看到真实的世界围绕着它。
谷歌眼镜（Google Project Glass）是一款增强现实型穿戴式智能眼镜。这款眼镜将集智能手机、GPS、相机于一身，在用户眼前展现实时信息，只要眨眨眼就能拍照上传、收发短信、查询天气路况等操作。用户无需动手便可上网冲浪或者处理文字信息和电子邮件，同时，戴上这款“拓展现实”眼镜，用户可以用自己的声音控制拍照、视频通话和辨明方向。兼容性上，Google Project Glass 可同任一款支持蓝牙的智能手机同步。Google Project Glass利用的是光学反射投影原理（HUD），即微型投影仪先是将光投到一块反射屏上，而后通过一块凸透镜折射到人体眼球，实现所谓的“一级放大”，在人眼前形成一个足够大的虚拟屏幕，可以显示简单的文本信息和各种数据。Project Glass实际上就是微型投影仪+摄像头+传感器+存储传输+操控设备的结合体。右眼的小镜片上包括一个微型投影仪和一个摄像头，投影仪用以显示数据，摄像头用来拍摄视频与图像，存储传输模块用于存储与输出数据，而操控设备可通过语音、触控和自动三种模式控制。Google Project Glass主要结构包括，在眼镜前方悬置的一台摄像头和一个位于镜框右侧的宽条状的电脑处理器装置，配备的摄像头像素为 500 万，可拍摄 720p 视频。镜片上配备了一个头戴式微型显示屏，它可以将数据投射到用户右眼上方的小屏幕上，显示效果如同 2.4 米外的 25 英寸高清屏幕。
谷歌眼镜利用的是投影原理，需要人工光源来提供背光，具有能耗大，续航时间短的缺点，且价格昂贵。
透明显示的潜在液晶技术是PDLC技术。PDLC（聚合物分散液晶）又叫液晶调光膜，是将低分子液晶（liquid crystal，缩写为LC）与预聚物Kuer UV65胶相混合，在一定条件下经聚合反应，形成均匀地分散在高分子网络中的微米级的液晶微滴，再利用液晶分子的介电各向异性获得具有电光响应特性的材料，它主要工作在散射态和透明态之间并具有一定的灰度。聚合物分散液晶膜是将液晶和聚合物结合得到的一种综合性能优异的膜材料。液晶分子赋予了聚合物分散液晶膜显著的电光特性，使其受到了广泛的关注，并有着广阔的应用前景。相对于传统显示器件来说，聚合物分散型液晶显示器具有很多优点，例如不需偏振片和取向层，制备工艺简单，易于制成大面积柔性显示器等，目前已在光学调制器、热敏及压敏器件、电控玻璃、光阀、投影显示、电子书等方面获得广泛应用。但是PDLC的操作电压比较高，通常在50V左右，不适用于穿戴式显示，同时降低PDLC的操作电压并不是一个简单的挑战。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题是提供一种基于Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜的智能眼镜，能够解决现有基于透明显示的增强现实技术的穿戴式智能显示器存在的能耗高，续航时间短及操作电压过高的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的一个技术方案是：提供一种基于Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜的智能眼镜，包括：一幅眼镜、Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜、电池和电路驱动装置；所述Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜镶嵌在所述眼镜的镜片中或贴合在所述眼镜的镜片上；所述电路驱动装置和电池串联安装在所述眼镜的手柄上，并与所述Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜串联；所述智能眼镜的显示像素由单个或多个Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜构成，其像素阵列用电直接驱动或者无源矩阵驱动或者有源矩阵驱动。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜用电在衍射态和非衍射态之间切换或者在衍射态和弱衍射态之间切换。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜的作用方式为透射式或反射式，其图样化取向层结构的空间定向为柱状Pancharatnam-Berry相位透镜阵列或圆形Pancharatnam-Berry相位透镜阵列。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜包括两个基板、两个以上电极、液晶取向层和液晶衍射层；所述电极分别涂覆在所述两个基板相对的表面上，所述液晶取向层涂覆在至少一片所述基板带有电极一侧的表面上，所述液晶衍射层夹置在所述两个基板之间，其指向矢随空间位置的变化而变化。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述液晶衍射层为Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜阵列，其制备方法为：利用光取向技术，将光透过空间相位延迟片后在不同位置出射的偏振方向的分布用光取向材料记录下来，并灌入液晶材料，即得所述Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜阵列。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述液晶材料为向列相液晶、铁电液晶、反铁电液晶、亚铁电液晶或胆甾相液晶。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述光为太阳光或环境光。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述基板为透明的玻璃基板或塑料基板。
在本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述液晶取向层的数量为一层以上，其材质为摩擦取向用的聚酰亚胺或光控取向用的光敏材料。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明一种基于Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜的智能眼镜，通过液晶Pancharatnam-Berry相位透镜阵列的制作和使用，一方面无需人工背光源，即可实现在模糊态和清晰态之间切换的透明显示效果，从而降低能耗，并具有较强的续航能力；另一方面，操作电压较低，通常小于5V，提高了头戴式增强现实的安全性能。
附图说明
图1是本发明一种基于Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜的智能眼镜的立体结构示意图；
图2是所示Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜阵列在未加电压下对光的衍射示意图；
图3是所示Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜阵列在加电压下对光的非衍射示意图；
图4是所示Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜的一个较佳实施例的结构示意图；
附图中各部件的标记如下：1.眼镜，2. Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜，3.电池，4.电路驱动装置，5.不透明态，6.透明态，21.基板，22.电极，23.液晶取向层，24.液晶衍射层。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的较佳实施例进行详细阐述，以使本发明的优点和特征能更易于被本领域技术人员理解，从而对本发明的保护范围做出更为清楚明确的界定。
请参阅图1至3，本发明实施例包括：
实施例1
一种基于Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜的智能眼镜，包括：一幅眼镜1、Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜2、电池3和电路驱动装置4；所述Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜2镶嵌在眼镜1的镜片中或贴合在眼镜1的镜片上；所述电路驱动装置4和电池3串联安装在所述眼镜的手柄上，并与Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜串联2；其中，电路驱动装置4和电池3均为一个。
所述Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜2包括两个基板21、两个以上电极22、液晶取向层23和液晶衍射层24。所述电极22分别涂覆在两个基板21相对的表面上；液晶取向层23至少为一层，且涂覆在至少一片基板21带有电极22一侧的表面上，液晶取向层23也可以涂覆在两片基板上；液晶衍射层24夹置在两个基板21之间，其指向矢随空间位置的变化而变化。
上述液晶衍射层24为Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜阵列，其制备方法为：先制备好空间相位延迟片，用作一个特殊的光学掩模板，利用光取向技术，将太阳光或环境光透过空间相位延迟片后在不同位置出射的偏振方向的分布用光取向材料记录下来，并灌入液晶材料，即得所述Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜阵列；其中，液晶材料为向列相液晶、铁电液晶、反铁电液晶、亚铁电液晶或胆甾相液晶。
所述基板21为透明的玻璃基板或塑料基板。
所述液晶取向层23的数量为一层以上，其材质为摩擦取向用的聚酰亚胺或光控取向用的光敏材料。
上述Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜2的作用方式为透射式或反射式，其图样化取向层结构即液晶取向层的空间定向为柱状Pancharatnam-Berry相位透镜阵列或圆形Pancharatnam-Berry相位透镜阵列，并用电在衍射态和非衍射态之间切换或者在衍射态和弱衍射态之间切换，且衍射态呈现一种不透明状态，非衍射态或弱衍射态呈现一种透明或半透明状态。该Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜的操作电压较低，通常低于5V，使用较安全。
该智能眼镜的作用原理是衍射性原理，当液晶取向层的空间定向遵循Pancharatnam-Berry相位透镜阵列的轮廓时，基于衍射性原理，通过Pancharatnam-Berry相位在空间的不均匀分布，光会导向不同方向和不同的衍射角。当不存在外加电场的时候，Pancharatnam-Berry相位透镜会出现不透明的衍射状态如图2所示，其中，（a）表示对右旋圆偏振光具有先聚焦再散光的作用；（b）表示对左旋圆偏振光具有散光的作用。相反，当施加电场时，液晶的取向进行调制，并出现非衍射的透明或半透明状态，如图3所示，液晶垂直于基底排列形成透明或半透明的非衍射状态，其中的不透明态像素集合构成HKUST字样，即形成不透明态5，透明态像素显示后面的真实背景SKL字样，即形成透明态6。
上述智能眼镜的显示像素由单个或多个Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜构成，其像素阵列用电直接驱动或者无源矩阵驱动或者有源矩阵驱动。通过驱动使像素阵列中不同位置出现透明和不透明状态，从而形成对比度来显示信息，如图3所示。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (9)

1.一种基于Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜的智能眼镜，其特征在于，包括：一幅眼镜、Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜、电池和电路驱动装置；所述Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜镶嵌在所述眼镜的镜片中或贴合在所述眼镜的镜片上；所述电路驱动装置和电池串联安装在所述眼镜的手柄上，并与所述Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜串联；所述智能眼镜的显示像素由单个或多个Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜构成，其像素阵列用电直接驱动或者无源矩阵驱动或者有源矩阵驱动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的基于Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜的智能眼镜，其特征在于，所述Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜用电在衍射态和非衍射态之间切换或者在衍射态和弱衍射态之间切换。
3.根据权利要求1所述的基于Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜的智能眼镜，其特征在于，所述Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜的作用方式为透射式或反射式，其图样化取向层结构的空间定向为柱状Pancharatnam-Berry相位透镜阵列或圆形Pancharatnam-Berry相位透镜阵列。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的基于Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜的智能眼镜，其特征在于，所述Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜包括两个基板、两个以上电极、液晶取向层和液晶衍射层；所述电极分别涂覆在所述两个基板相对的表面上，所述液晶取向层涂覆在至少一片所述基板带有电极一侧的表面上，所述液晶衍射层夹置在所述两个基板之间，其指向矢随空间位置的变化而变化。
5.根据权利要求4所述的基于Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜的智能眼镜，其特征在于，所述液晶衍射层为Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜阵列，其制备方法为：利用光取向技术，将光透过空间相位延迟片后在不同位置出射的偏振方向的分布用光取向材料记录下来，并灌入液晶材料，即得所述Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜阵列。
6.根据权利要求5所述的基于Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜的智能眼镜，其特征在于，所述液晶材料为向列相液晶、铁电液晶、反铁电液晶、亚铁电液晶或胆甾相液晶。
7.根据权利要求5所述的基于Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜的智能眼镜，其特征在于，所述光为太阳光或环境光。
8.根据权利要求4所述的基于Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜的智能眼镜，其特征在于，所述基板为透明的玻璃基板或塑料基板。
9.根据权利要求4所述的基于Pancharatnam-Berry相位液晶透镜的智能眼镜，其特征在于，所述液晶取向层的数量为一层以上，其材质为摩擦取向用的聚酰亚胺或光控取向用的光敏材料。
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