CN105907424B - A kind of method of lurgi gasifier gasifying smokeless coal - Google Patents

A kind of method of lurgi gasifier gasifying smokeless coal Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105907424B
CN105907424B CN201610296316.9A CN201610296316A CN105907424B CN 105907424 B CN105907424 B CN 105907424B CN 201610296316 A CN201610296316 A CN 201610296316A CN 105907424 B CN105907424 B CN 105907424B
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coal
gas
lurgi gasifier
superheated steam
gasifying
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CN105907424A (en
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张卫国
宋三奎
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Henan Jinkong Tianqing Coal Chemical Co Ltd
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Henan Jinmei Tianqing Coal Chemical Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/06—Continuous processes
    • C10J3/16—Continuous processes simultaneously reacting oxygen and water with the carbonaceous material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093—Coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0973—Water
    • C10J2300/0976—Water as steam

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Industrial Gases (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of methods of lurgi gasifier gasifying smokeless coal.This approach includes the following steps：1) it is passed through superheated steam into lurgi gasifier anthracite is carried out being heated to Outlet Gas Temperature being 100 DEG C or more；2) it is passed through air to light a fire to anthracite, the mixed gas that air and superheated steam are passed through after igniting carries out supporting stove 3) it is passed through oxygen and the gasifying agent of superheated steam composition gasifies, make CO in exit gas2Volume content is 25~28%, O2Volume content≤0.2%；4) pressure of lurgi gasifier is forced into 3.6~3.8Mpa, controls gasification agent temperature and steam oxygen ratio to get raw gas.This method clinker is carbon containing to be less than 6%, and ton ammonia consumes 1000~1050 kilograms of anthracite block coal, and gained raw gas stable components are suitable for synthesizing the smokeless coal gasification production of the coal chemical industry enterprises such as ammonia, methanol, natural gas from coal, and application value is high, with good economic efficiency.

Description

A kind of method of lurgi gasifier gasifying smokeless coal
Technical field
The invention belongs to coal gasification fields, and in particular to a kind of lurgi gasifier gasifying smokeless coal method.
Background technology
According to the energy resources feature of China's oil starvation, few gas, rich coal, natural gas from coal is a kind of non-as alternative energy Often good green products have stronger economy, technical advantage；The abundant coal resources in China provide extensively for coal gas project Wealthy application prospect.Lurgi gasifier gasification belongs to the counter-flow moving bed continuous pressure gasification process technology of self-heating, using broken coal as raw material, It is passed through gasifying agent into gasification furnace and carries out a certain proportion of raw gas raw material of gasification reaction generation.
When gasification, granularity is that the raw material kerosene coal store of 6~50mm is added discontinuously in gasification furnace, and coal is on through lower warp Drying layer, destructive distillation layer, gasification layer successively move down, and gasification reaction, the coal of generation occurs with the gasifying agent counter current contacting that bottom enters Gas transfers heat to the coal seam of decline, and gasification furnace is left through outlet.The applicable raw material of Lurgi gasifier is that calorific value is relatively low, volatilizees The higher coal of part；Coal is different, gasifying agent is different, can all influence gasification efficiency and the intensity of gasification, and directly affect raw gas Quality.
Anthracite is the highest coal of degree of coalification, and fixation carbon content is high, fugitive constituent is low, density is big, hardness is big, burning point Height, when burning, do not smolder, and appearance black is hard, has metallic luster, fracture to be in conchoidal, and flame is short, temperature is high, few when burning Cigarette is not easy coking, and general phosphorus content is more than 70%, and fugitive constituent is less than 8.0%, and calorific value is in 6000-7000cal/g.
Jincheng Anthracite is the maximum anthracite production base in the whole nation, there is more than one hundred million tons of yield every year, wherein about 50% production Amount is anthracite block coal；The application mode of traditional smokeless fast coal is the raw material as intermittent fixed bed atmospheric pressure gasification furnace, but intermittently Formula fixed bed atmospheric pressure gasification furnace energy consumption is higher, and the clinker of gasification furnace is carbon containing 15% or more, and ton ammonia consumes 1200 kilograms of anthracite block coal More than, have been unable to meet the demand for development of national energy conservation and emission reduction.
In the prior art, the applicable coal of lurgi gasifier is limited, how adaptation to local conditions, exploitation is a kind of to be suitable for anthracitic Shandong Strange gasification process, for realizing that anthracitic gasification transition is of great significance.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods of lurgi gasifier gasifying smokeless coal, to solve in the prior art, smokelessly It is high that the intermittent fixed bed gasification of coal has that boiler slag carbon content and ton ammonia consume.
In order to achieve the goal above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of method of lurgi gasifier gasifying smokeless coal, includes the following steps：
1) it is passed through superheated steam into lurgi gasifier anthracite is carried out being heated to Outlet Gas Temperature being 100 DEG C or more；
2) it is passed through air to light a fire to anthracite, CO in exit gas2Volume content is 12~15%, O2Volume content After≤0.2%, the mixed gas for being passed through air and superheated steam carries out supporting stove, and the temperature for controlling mixed gas is 120~160 DEG C, it supports stove and maintains CO in exit gas in the process2Volume content is 12~15%, O2Volume content≤0.2%；
3) gasifying agent for being passed through oxygen and superheated steam composition gasifies, and makes CO in exit gas2Volume content is 25 ~28%, O2Volume content≤0.2%；Wherein, the temperature of gasifying agent is 320~350 DEG C, superheated steam and oxygen in gasifying agent Ratio be 7.0~8.0Kg/Nm3；
4) pressure of lurgi gasifier is forced into 3.6~3.8Mpa, it is 320~350 DEG C to maintain the temperature of gasifying agent, gasifying agent The ratio of middle superheated steam and oxygen is 4.3~5.0Kg/Nm3；Control CO in exit gas2Volume content is 25~28%, O2 Volume content≤0.2% is to get raw gas.
In step 1), 110t~120t anthracites are often handled, the flow of superheated steam is 8000kg/h~13000kg/h, The pressure of lurgi gasifier is 0.3~0.4Mpa, and the time of heating is 4~6h.In the step, to anthracite in lurgi gasifier from furnace bottom Gradually heating upwards, makes coal seam reach certain temperature by the heating of superheated steam, and coal has faster anti-with oxygen at such a temperature Speed is answered, using the oxidation of coal, combustion characteristics, is convenient for subsequent ignition process.
In step 2), ignition phase is mainly passed through air from furnace bottom and lights a fire to stove Inner furnace bottom anthracites, makes stove Inner furnace bottom anthracites enter combustion state.110t~120t anthracites are often handled, the flow of air is 800~1000Nm3/h。
Air capacity should suitably be increased when stove Inner furnace bottom anthracites enter combustion state by supporting heater stage, certain thick to establish The gasification layer of degree is passed through superheated steam to control the temperature of gasification layer in stove.Often handle 110t~120t anthracites, the stream of air Amount is 1500~2000Nm3The flow of/h, superheated steam are 3000~5000Kg/h, and the pressure of lurgi gasifier is 0.3~0.4Mpa, The time for supporting stove is 4~6h.
Through lighting a fire and supporting stove process, it is conducive to steady working condition, creates conditions for the stabilization heavy-duty service in later stage.
In step 3), 110t~120t anthracites are often handled, the flow of oxygen is 1500~2000Nm in gasifying agent3/h。 The step is so that raw gas ingredient is met by the adjustment of the ratio of superheated steam and oxygen in lurgi gasifier after the uniform foundation of fire bed It is required that.
In step 4), after raw gas stable components, the intensity of gasification and gasification efficiency is improved by pressurized gasification, adjust gas The ratio of the temperature of agent, superheated steam and oxygen can make the ingredient of raw gas keep stablizing.Gasification furnace is set to be transferred to production status, 1.0t anthracites are often handled, the dosage of oxygen is 390~400Nm in gasifying agent3.The temperature of gained raw gas is 470~520 ℃；Raw gas at being grouped into：CO225~28%, O2≤ 0.2%, CO 22.5~24.5%, H238~41%, N2 0.2~0.5%, CH48~10%, H2S 0.1~0.5%.
Preferably, anthracitic granularmetric composition is：≤6mm：≤ 1%, 6~13mm：11~12%, 13~25mm：35~ 40%, 25~60mm：50~55%.
The temperature of the superheated steam is 350~400 DEG C.
The method of lurgi gasifier gasifying smokeless coal provided by the invention passes through anthracite heating, sky in superheated steam lurgi gasifier Gas igniting, support stove, steam oxygen gasified, system pressurized gasification, reduce carry-over loss, accelerate gasified reverse Speed is answered, extends gas, solid phase haptoreaction time, to improve the intensity of gasification；The clinker of this method is carbon containing to be less than 6%, ton Ammonia consumes 1000~1050 kilograms of anthracite block coal, and gained raw gas stable components can be used for synthesizing the chemical industry such as ammonia, methanol, natural gas Handicraft product produces and uses, and application value is high, with good economic efficiency.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of Lurgi gasifier system used in lurgi gasifier gasifying smokeless coal of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is further explained in the light of specific embodiments.In following embodiment, the concrete operations of lurgi gasifier For：
(1) prefiring preparation
Gasification furnace is qualified by gas pressure test；Running device meets use condition by trial operation；Electric meter can be normal It uses；Each valve requires switch in place according to driving；Various safety valves are by examining qualified and being installed in place；Gasification furnace chuck liquid Position and useless shell side, catch basin liquid level normally and are automatically controlled and can normally be come into operation；Coal lock injector comes into operation normally；Gasification furnace control Disk coal 7-8 locks processed, confirm that gasification furnace is completely expected, are then shut off coal lock lower valve, and slightly converter is combed to discharge coal dust；Confirm pressurising pipeline Valve is closed, the blind position of blind plate is correct；Confirm that coal blocking valve door is closed；Confirm that torch puts into operation, gasifying agent falls to drench standard-sized sheet, chuck and washes The bypass of cooler safety valve is washed to open；Confirm that driving gas pressure control valve is opened, goes flare discharge normal；Confirm coal lock and gas Change furnace system pressure measurement steam to come into operation normally, instrument is intact accurate；
(2) superheated steam heats up
2.1 steam heating coils：It slowly opens steam by-pass and heating coil is carried out to gasified boiler system, until standard-sized sheet；Coal locks lower valve It closes, discharge condensate liquid is primary within 15 minutes；The heating steam for opening gasification furnace chuck, 90 DEG C are heated to by jacket boiler water supply； With steam blowing gasifying agent pipeline 30 minutes, until gasifying agent falls to emerge topped with dry saturated steam；
2.2 gasification furnaces heat up：Control valve motor-driven valve in medium pressure steam line is closed, middle pressure steam shut-off valve 8- is slowly opened 10 buttons, steam off bypass valve；Control the electronic valve opening of steam be 10%, determine aperture depending on leakage rate, pays attention to gasification furnace and Chuck pressure difference changes, and control hereinafter, pressure difference height shows that steam flow is big, should reduce quantity of steam in 30KPa；Coal locks lower valve pass It closes, 15 minutes discharge condensate liquids of ash lock are primary；
(3) air ignition, foster stove
Before air ignition, gasification furnace chuck liquid level and useless shell side, catch basin liquid level are normal and automatically control and come into operation just Often；The bypass of gasification furnace chuck safety valve is closed；Air blind plate falls to lead to, and twice shut-off valve standard-sized sheet, emptying is closed；Coal locks lower valve pass It closes, upper valve is closed after ash lock discharge condensate liquid, and lower valve is opened；If there are other gasifier operations, confirms the torch extinguishing that goes into operation, otherwise increase Torch is blown out or switched to quantity of steam；It opens this stove and goes to go into operation torch valve opening to 50% or so, sample point road is gone in guarantee Line is unobstructed, is discharged in advance to sample point；Middle pressure steam regulating valve, motor-driven valve are closed, air valve is slowly opened, gasification furnace is empty Gas is lighted a fire；Superheated steam control valve is slowly opened, superheated steam is incorporated；CO is adjusted by controlling gasification agent temperature2Content is full Foot requires, and is more than this value, reduces steam flow, is less than this value, increases steam flow；Stable operation 30 minutes, slowly uses pressure Pressure is risen to 0.4MPa by control valve, and valve comes into operation normally automatically；Gasification furnace chuck liquid level and useless shell side, catch basin liquid level It is normal and automatically control come into operation it is normal；It prevents gasification furnace flange connections from leaking, ensures that coming into operation for each instrument is accurate；Closing is opened Vehicle gas liquor arranges the shut-off valve to transformation tar sump, opens cut-off of the driving gas liquor to dust-laden gas liquor expander pipeline Valve, low pressure driving gas liquor are arranged to dust-laden gas liquor expander；When ash lock is in cold conditions, every ash discharge in 15 minutes is primary；
(4) oxygen is cut
4.1 cut the confirmation before oxygen：Gasification furnace chuck liquid level and useless shell side, catch basin liquid level normally and automatically control throwing With normal；Alarm interlocking and control instrument are intact, and it is normal to come into operation；Circulating pump of washing cooler has been started up and works well； Gasification furnace charcoal keeps full material position；Blind plate falls logical on pressurising gas-pipe line, and shut-off valve is closed；Lead to oxygen pipeline blind plate (flange Patch applications CCl4Or C2HCl3Clean net) and blow valve is closed, shut-off valve is closed；
4.2 gasification furnaces cut oxygen：Close coal lock lower valve ash lock valve close lower valve open；Standard-sized sheet steam stop is opened oxygen and is cut Only valve, emptying are closed；Oxygen motor-driven valve is closed, and oxygen control valve is turned off manually；Closing go into operation air shut-off valve stop be sent into stove Air five minutes；Increasing driving gas pressure control setting value makes valve close；Steam motor-driven valve is opened, control valve is slightly opened, is examined Look into steam flow；Oxygen motor-driven valve is opened, oxygen regulating valve is slightly opened；CO2And O2Content meets the requirements, and after stable conditions, closing is opened Work air cutoff valve, blow valve are opened, and air blind plate is blind, and it is primary that ash lock opens upper valve ash discharge in 15 minutes.
(5) pressure-raising leakage eliminating, grid-connected
5.1 pressure-raising：After air blind plate guide, by the slow pressure-raising of driving gas pressure control valve, and chuck pressure is paid attention to Difference variation, gasification furnace chuck pressure difference are not to be exceeded 0.075MPa, if pressure difference is high, cut off oxygen immediately；During pressure-raising, ash lock Ash is closed after ash discharge and locks valve, and coal locks lower valve closing；Gasification furnace slowly boosts to 1.0MPa, and control rate of pressure rise≤ 0.05MPa/min, gasification furnace jacket temperature should follow (179.9 DEG C) raisings of the boiling temperature under relevant pressure；It is protected during pressure-raising Gasification agent temperature stabilization is held, coal gas half is analyzed normally, and each liquid level of the useless pot of chuck is normal；Pressure increases to after 1.0MPa, voltage stabilizing, heat Tight each connecting portion, the tight period 15min ash discharge of heat is primary, and ash is kept to lock valve unlatching, if lacking coal, can open coal lock lower valve；Heat Tight scrubber cooler gas vent flange, useless pot coal gas inlet and outlet flange, gasification furnace/ash latching flange, gasification furnace, coal latching flange, Gasification furnace manhole flange；Gasification furnace pressure is carried at leisure with the rate per minute less than 0.05MPa to 2.1MPa, and jacket temperature is answered Follow (230 DEG C) raisings of boiling temperature under corresponding pressure；Coal locks lower valve closing, and upper valve is closed after ash lock ash discharge；Gas liquor By the gas liquor plugging that goes into operation to dust-laden coal gas water pipeline；The hot tight knot beams of 2.1MPa continue pressure-raising, prevent leakage situation and protect It demonstrate,proves each liquid level and is in normal range (NR)；Coal locks lower valve closing during pressure-raising, and ash is locked valve pass lower valve and opened, and fire grate stops, hot tight Optionally intermittent rotation fire grate and coal in the process；
5.2 grid-connected：Vapor pressure is carried to less than raw gas manifold pressure 0.1MPa, (if first gasification furnace is driven, pressure-raising is extremely 1.0 or 2.0MPa can be grid-connected), it opens and enters the big valve of manifold raw gas on pipeline；Closing coal locks lower valve and ash locks valve；Middle control Each instruction of coal, ash lock, record warning function are normal, and instrument comes into operation and indicate normally, and each alarm interlocking comes into operation normal；Open rough coal The setting of gasification furnace raw gas pressure-regulating valve is slightly less than raw gas manifold pressure value valve and thrown certainly by the motor-driven valve on gas pipeline It is dynamic, so that it is slowly opened；The setting of gasification furnace pressure is more than raw gas manifold pressure 0.1Mpa, so that it is steadily closed, gasification furnace is thick Torch motor-driven valve, grid-connected end is turned off manually in coal gas pressure regulator valve standard-sized sheet；Period pays attention to chuck with gasification furnace pressure difference just Normal range illustrates that simultaneously net spee is fast if high, can suitable control and net spee；Middle low-pressure boiler water supply main valve standard-sized sheet sprays coal gas Water valve standard-sized sheet, coal lock fills, pressure release gas valve standard-sized sheet, confirms and chuck gives up pot each liquid level is normal and the auto state that comes into operation；
(6) normal operation input
The normal coal of lower valve is opened, and pays attention to coal bunker material position；Ash lock normal circulation, when locked ash temperature is less than 300 DEG C, per small When ash discharge it is primary；After stable operation half an hour, the gradual application of load of gasification furnace；
(7) coal is locked operates to coal:
The heating of gasification furnace steam, air ignition, cut oxygen, pressure-raising, it is grid-connected during, coal locks lower valve and should be at closing Position；Pay attention to coal bunker material position and coal time, ensures gasifier operation；Each coal will switch 2-3 guarantee of lower valve and close tight, Must not band press off upper valve；
(8) use of grate mechanism and the lower ash manipulation of ash lock
Gasification furnace heating coil, steam heating and ash lock answer 15 minutes discharge condensate liquids primary in the cold conditions stage；Gasification furnace Air ignition, cut oxygen, grid-connected stage ash lock answer upper valve to close, lower valve is opened；When normal operation the ash discharge per hour of ash lock it is primary or according to Middle control requires ash discharge；Control valve is rinsed when each ash discharge bath, prevent from blocking；Pressure is unloaded to when 200KPa and can be beaten Open control valve, must not band press off lower valve；Each ash discharge will switch 2-3 guarantee of lower valve and close tight, and regular purge ash lock prevents from hanging Wall；It is noted that water level meter and pressure, ensure that water is full of when bath, prevent bath from excessively leading to grey lock hanging wall into ash charge lock； Gradation ash discharge is wanted when if ash quantity is big or load is high, prevents slag runner from blocking；
(9) chuck water supply and Liquid level
When establishing chuck liquid level before driving, the bypass of chuck safety valve is opened, prevents from forming vapour lock；Chuck is established before driving It when liquid level, slowly to intake, if jacket temperature is low, the chuck Preheated steam that need to come into operation is heated to 90 DEG C；Chuck liquid is established before driving When position, liquid level is 30% or so, has condensate liquid in follow-up startup procedure, liquid level can be made to increase；If because chuck liquid level is low Locking vehicle, supplement liquid level when, can not inflow it is excessive too fast, prevent cold and hot phase swash chuck is damaged；Gasification furnace was driven There is condensate liquid in journey, notice that chuck liquid level is discharged, ensures normally, and pay attention to the leakage situation of medium-pressure boiler water regulating valve, if having Leakage quantity can close shut-off valve after liquid level foundation；After gasification furnace is grid-connected, confirm that medium-pressure boiler water shut-off valve is opened, regulating valve is thrown certainly It is dynamic；When gasification furnace normal operation, chuck liquid level is thrown automatic；The low interlocking of chuck liquid level should come into operation before driving, prevent liquid level low To damaging chuck.
(10) dedusting of high pressure coal air water and cooling
Pot catch basin liquid level of giving up must be established before driving, and prevent useless pot bottom from blocking；Useless pot catch basin liquid level is paid attention to when driving Discharge, switch gas liquor during pressure-raising on time, keep liquid level normal, while paying attention to tar Sewage slot liquid level；Normal operation When the high-pressure injection gas liquor amount of coming into operation determined according to scrubber cooler outlet temperature height, when temperature is normal, reduce coal to the greatest extent The amount of coming into operation of air water can reduce gas liquor internal circulating load and treating capacity in this way；High-pressure injection gas liquor will have one when normal operation The fixed amount of coming into operation, guarantee have certain internal circulating load so that useless pot bottom regulating valve has certain aperture, and bottom can be prevented stifled Plug；Backwash periodically is carried out to useless pot bottom when normal operation, can prevent bottom from blocking；If wash cooling circulating pump overhauls, Must first increase washing water after, can termination of pumping, and pay attention to observe temperature change, when necessary increase water reduce load.And it notes Meaning discharge, prevents liquid level height.
A diameter of 3.8 meters of lurgi gasifier used, pressure 4.0MPa, processing anthracite amount is based on 18t/h, pressurized gasification Before, lurgi gasifier feeds intake as 115t；Used anthracitic main component group become it is aqueous≤6.0%, containing volatile matter 6.0~ 7.5%；Containing ash content 16~18%, contain fixed carbon 68~72%, sulfur-bearing≤1%, anthracitic granularmetric composition is：≤6mm：≤ 1%, 6~13mm：11~12%, 13~25mm：35~40%, 25~60mm：50~55%.
Embodiment 1
The method of the lurgi gasifier gasifying smokeless coal of the present embodiment, the structural schematic diagram of Lurgi gasifier system as shown in Figure 1, Include the following steps：
1) anthracite block coal enters coal lock 2 by coal bunker 1, and coal locks 2 intervals coal into lurgi gasifier 3,5.0MPa, temperature 350 ~400 DEG C of superheated steam is injected into lurgi gasifier bottom by superheated steam pipeline 6 through mixer 9, through fire grate 4 distribution after from down toward Heating is realized in the heat exchange of upper and coal seam, and by 12 discharge of outlet；The flow of superheated steam is 800kg/h, and the pressure of lurgi gasifier is The temperature of exit gas reaches 100 DEG C after 0.3Mpa, 6h, during which every 15min by 5 discharge condensate liquid of ash lock；
2) air is injected into lurgi gasifier through mixer 9 by air pipe line 7 and is lighted a fire, and adjustment air mass flow is 800Nm3/ h detects CO in exit gas2Volume content is 12~15%, O2After volume content≤0.2%, it is passed through air and mistake The mixed gas of hot steam carries out supporting stove, and air and superheated steam are mixed in mixer 9, and control mixed gas temperature is 120 DEG C, the time for supporting stove is 4h；The flow of period, air are 1500Nm3The flow of/h, superheated steam are 3000Kg/h, Lu Qi The pressure of stove is 0.4Mpa, CO in exit gas2Volume content is 12~15%, O2Volume content≤0.2%；The gas of generation It is switched to the discharge of torch 17 that goes into operation；
3) oxygen in oxygen channel 8 and superheated steam form gasifying agent after being mixed in mixer 9, control gasifying agent Temperature is more than 320 DEG C；The flow of oxygen is 1500Nm in gasifying agent3/ h, ratio (the vapour oxygen of superheated steam and oxygen in gasifying agent Than) it is 7.0Kg/Nm3；Gasifying agent is passed through in lurgi gasifier and is gasified, CO in exit gas is controlled2Volume content be 25~ 28%, O2Volume content≤0.2%；
4) pressure of lurgi gasifier is forced into 3.6Mpa, it is 320 DEG C to maintain the temperature of gasifying agent, and it is smokeless often to handle 1.0t Coal, the dosage of oxygen is 390Nm in gasifying agent3, the ratio of superheated steam and oxygen is 4.3~5.0Kg/Nm in gasifying agent3；Control It makes in gas, CO2Volume content is 25~28%, O2Volume content≤0.2% is to get 470~520 DEG C of raw gas；
5) raw gas enters in dedusting cooler 13 and is down to by high pressure gas water washing, dedusting, cooling, the temperature of raw gas 210 DEG C~220 DEG C；Enter in waste heat boiler 14 afterwards and further recycles heat, by-product 0.6Mpa steam, while the temperature of raw gas 180 DEG C are down to, being incorporated to the total net of coal gas through total net branch 18 into progress gas-liquid separation in separator 15 afterwards goes production synthesis ammonia, first The production systems such as alcohol, natural gas go production chemical products；Washing gas liquor in dedusting cooler 13 enters in waste heat boiler 14 It is compiled in gas liquor in the catch basin of waste heat boiler bottom, it is most of to be beaten to dedusting cooler 13 by coal gas water-circulating pump 16 Middle cycle washs raw gas, and extra cooling water discharges after processing.
There is the saturation that the boiler feedwater of certain liquid level can generate certain pressure in the present embodiment, in the chuck 10 of lurgi gasifier The drop of steam, saturated vapor entrainment backs into chuck after the separation of chuck steam bubble 11, and the saturated vapor that chuck generates can be simultaneously Enter in raw material superheated steam to reduce the dosage of 5.0Mpa high steams.
Embodiment 2
The method of the lurgi gasifier gasifying smokeless coal of the present embodiment, includes the following steps：
1) it is passed through superheated steam into lurgi gasifier to heat anthracite, the flow of superheated steam is 10000kg/h, Shandong The pressure of strange stove is 0.3Mpa, and the temperature for heating exit gas after 5h reaches 100 DEG C；
2) it is passed through air to light a fire to anthracite, the flow of ignition phase air is 900Nm3/h；CO in exit gas2 Volume content is 12~15%, O2After volume content≤0.2%, the mixed gas for being passed through air and superheated steam carries out supporting stove, The temperature for controlling mixed gas is 140 DEG C, and during which, the flow of air is 2000Nm3The flow of/h, superheated steam are 4000Kg/ The pressure of h, lurgi gasifier are 0.4Mpa, and the time for supporting stove is 5h；It supports stove and maintains CO in exit gas in the process2Volume content is 12 ~15%, O2Volume content≤0.2%；
3) gasifying agent for being passed through oxygen and superheated steam composition gasifies, and makes CO in exit gas2Volume content is 25 ~28%, O2Volume content≤0.2%；Wherein, the temperature of gasifying agent is more than 330 DEG C, superheated steam and oxygen in gasifying agent Ratio is 7.0Kg/Nm3, the flow of oxygen is 1700Nm in gasifying agent3/h；
4) pressure of lurgi gasifier is forced into 3.7Mpa, it is 330 DEG C to maintain the temperature of gasifying agent, superheated steam in gasifying agent Ratio with oxygen is 4.5Kg/Nm3, 1.0t anthracites are often handled, the dosage of oxygen is 400Nm in gasifying agent3；Control is worked off one's feeling vent one's spleen CO in body2Volume content is 25~28%, O2Volume content≤0.2% is to get raw gas.
Embodiment 3
The method of the lurgi gasifier gasifying smokeless coal of the present embodiment, includes the following steps：
1) it is passed through superheated steam into lurgi gasifier to heat anthracite, the flow of superheated steam is 13000kg/h, Shandong The pressure of strange stove is 0.3Mpa, and the temperature for heating exit gas after 6h reaches 100 DEG C；
2) it is passed through air to light a fire to anthracite, the flow of ignition phase air is 1000Nm3/h；CO in exit gas2 Volume content is 12~15%, O2After volume content≤0.2%, the mixed gas for being passed through air and superheated steam carries out supporting stove, The temperature for controlling mixed gas is 160 DEG C, and during which, the flow of air is 1800Nm3The flow of/h, superheated steam are 5000Kg/ The pressure of h, lurgi gasifier are 0.4Mpa, and the time for supporting stove is 6h；It supports stove and maintains CO in exit gas in the process2Volume content is 12 ~15%, O2Volume content≤0.2%；
3) gasifying agent for being passed through oxygen and superheated steam composition gasifies, and makes CO in exit gas2Volume content is 25 ~28%, O2Volume content≤0.2%；Wherein, the temperature of gasifying agent is 350 DEG C, the ratio of superheated steam and oxygen in gasifying agent Value is 8.0Kg/Nm3, the flow of oxygen is 2000Nm in gasifying agent3/h；
4) pressure of lurgi gasifier is forced into 3.8Mpa, it is 350 DEG C to maintain the temperature of gasifying agent, superheated steam in gasifying agent Ratio with oxygen is 5.0Kg/Nm3, 1.0t anthracites are often handled, the dosage of oxygen is 390Nm in gasifying agent3；Control is worked off one's feeling vent one's spleen CO in body2Volume content is 25~28%, O2Volume content≤0.2% is to get raw gas.
Test example
The method that this test example detects the lurgi gasifier gasifying smokeless coal of Examples 1 to 3, detection raw gas each component contain Amount, boiler slag carbon content, ton ammonia consume anthracite weight, and the results are shown in Table 1.
The effect assessment of the method for the lurgi gasifier gasifying smokeless coal of 1 Examples 1 to 3 of table
As shown in Table 1, the method raw gas stable components of lurgi gasifier gasifying smokeless coal of the invention, clinker are carbon containing Amount is less than 6%, and it is 1000~1050kg that ton ammonia, which consumes anthracite weight,.Every 3.8 meters of diameter, 4.0MPa lurgi gasifier per hour may be used Gasify 18~24 tons of Jincheng Anthracite, raw gas yield 3.8~4.2 ten thousand cube；And using general gasification process gasify Jincheng without Bituminous coal, carbon residue is more than 15.0% in lime-ash, and this method energy-saving effect is apparent, with good economic efficiency.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of method of lurgi gasifier gasifying smokeless coal, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
1）It is passed through superheated steam into lurgi gasifier anthracite is carried out being heated to Outlet Gas Temperature being 100 DEG C or more；
2）It is passed through air to light a fire to anthracite, CO in exit gas2Volume content is 12~15%, O2Volume content≤0.2% Afterwards, the mixed gas for being passed through air and superheated steam carries out supporting stove, and the temperature for controlling mixed gas is 120~160 DEG C, supports stove mistake CO in exit gas is maintained in journey2Volume content is 12~15%, O2Volume content≤0.2%；
3）The gasifying agent for being passed through oxygen and superheated steam composition gasifies, and makes CO in exit gas2Volume content is 25~28%, O2Volume content≤0.2%；Wherein, the temperature of gasifying agent is 320~350 DEG C, and the ratio of superheated steam and oxygen is in gasifying agent 7.0~8.0 Kg/Nm3；
4）The pressure of lurgi gasifier is carried and is forced into 3.6~3.8Mpa, it is 320~350 DEG C to maintain the temperature of gasifying agent, in gasifying agent The ratio of superheated steam and oxygen is adjusted to 4.3~5.0 Kg/Nm3；Control CO in exit gas2Volume content is 25~28%, O2Volume content≤0.2% is to get raw gas.
2. the method for lurgi gasifier gasifying smokeless coal as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step 1）In, often handle 110t The flow of~120t anthracites, superheated steam is 8000kg/h~13000kg/h, and the pressure of lurgi gasifier is 0.3~0.4Mpa, is added The time of heat is 4~6h.
3. the method for lurgi gasifier gasifying smokeless coal as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step 2）In, ignition phase, often 110t~120t anthracites are handled, the flow of air is 800~1000Nm3/h。
4. the method for lurgi gasifier gasifying smokeless coal as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step 2）In, heater stage is supported, often 110t~120t anthracites are handled, the flow of air is 1500~2000Nm3/ h, the flow of superheated steam is 3000~ The pressure of 5000Kg/h, lurgi gasifier are 0.3~0.4Mpa, and the time for supporting stove is 4~6h.
5. the method for lurgi gasifier gasifying smokeless coal as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step 3）In, often handle 110t ~120t anthracites, the flow of oxygen is 1500~2000Nm in gasifying agent3/h。
6. the method for lurgi gasifier gasifying smokeless coal as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step 4）In, often handle 1.0t Anthracite, the dosage of oxygen is 390~400Nm in gasifying agent3。
7. the method for lurgi gasifier gasifying smokeless coal as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that anthracitic granularmetric composition is： ≤6mm：≤ 1%, 6~13mm：11~12%, 13~25mm：35~40%, 25~60mm：50~55%.
8. such as the method for claim 1~7 any one of them lurgi gasifier gasifying smokeless coal, which is characterized in that the overheat is steamed The temperature of vapour is 350~400 DEG C.
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CN2436784Y (en) * 2000-08-05 2001-06-27 金卫强 High-efficiency energy-saving environment protection stove
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CN2436784Y (en) * 2000-08-05 2001-06-27 金卫强 High-efficiency energy-saving environment protection stove
CN104593083A (en) * 2015-01-12 2015-05-06 南京师范大学 Novel biomass step-by-step gasification method and device

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