CN105902871A - 一种治疗丛集性头痛的中药及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗丛集性头痛的中药及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种治疗丛集性头痛的中药及其制备方法,中药中包括以下原料药材:白草莓、老虎泡、长杆兰、秋枫、酒饼婆、松寄生、假蒟子、老来青、连钱草、香花刺、野芫荽、柞蚕蛹、樟木子、金丝刷、玉米须和苏头。本发明的有益效果:本发明提供的中药,联合常规西药治疗丛集性头痛,相对于单纯使用西药药物,治疗效果更好,起效快,安全无毒副作用,同时能够减轻或消除西药药物的不良反应,制备工艺简单。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中医药工程技术领域,尤其涉及一种治疗丛集性头痛的中药及其制备方法。
背景技术
丛集性头痛的发病机制目前还不十分明确,大多倾向于下丘脑的结构或功能改变,通过神经内分泌系统使一些神经递质如5-羟色胺、去甲肾上腺素分泌发生变化,同时伴有其他激素分泌的异常,引起三叉神经支配血管的改变,进而刺激三叉神经末梢感受器,导致丛集性头痛的丛集发作。也有认为下丘脑异常可能降低疼痛阀值,进一步为视交叉上核所调节:同时下丘脑功能异常可致调节疼痛的神经递质分泌异常,也可导致丛集性头痛发生。由于病因源于脑,呈周期性发作,有人将其归于发作性脑病。由于下丘脑的视交叉上核为人体节律的起搏点,主要调节睡眠觉醒,而丛集性头痛的发作有明显的年节律和昼夜节律,且以夜间发作为多,因此又称其为睡眠相关性头痛或睡眠性头痛。
中医认为头部多风、头部多瘀是头痛共同的病因病机,本病属于中医学“头风”的范畴,其痛暴发,痛势较剧而难忍。从中医理论来讲,丛集性头痛发病机制主要是风热上扰、肝风内动、瘀血阻滞导致清阳之气不能入脑上达头面,而致头部疼痛、目赤肿痛、流泪等。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于,利用我国传统的中医理论,提供一种治疗效果好且无毒副作用的治疗丛集性头痛的中药及其制备方法。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种治疗丛集性头痛的中药,所述中药包括以下原料药材:白草莓、老虎泡、长杆兰、秋枫、酒饼婆、松寄生、假蒟子、老来青、连钱草、香花刺、野芫荽、柞蚕蛹、樟木子、金丝刷、玉米须和苏头。
所述中药中的各种原料药材的重量份数比可以优选为:白草莓20~30份、老虎泡10~20份、长杆兰5~15份、秋枫10~20份、酒饼婆10~20份、松寄生15~25份、假蒟子20~30份、老来青10~20份、连钱草10~20份、香花刺20~30份、野芫荽10~20份、柞蚕蛹15~25份、樟木子10~20份、金丝刷12~22份、玉米须15~25份和苏头5~15份。
所述中药中的各种原料药材的重量份数比还可以进一步优选为:白草莓20~25份、老虎泡10~15份、长杆兰8~13份、秋枫12~17份、酒饼婆10~15份、松寄生18~23份、假蒟子22~27份、老来青13~18份、连钱草12~17份、香花刺20~25份、野芫荽15~20份、柞蚕蛹18~23份、樟木子10~15份、金丝刷13~18份、玉米须17~22份和苏头8~13份。
所述中药中的各种原料药材的重量份数比也可以进一步优选为:白草莓24份、老虎泡11份、长杆兰12份、秋枫13份、酒饼婆14份、松寄生19份、假蒟子26份、老来青14份、连钱草16份、香花刺20份、野芫荽19份、柞蚕蛹20份、樟木子14份、金丝刷14份、玉米须21份和苏头9份。
所述中药中的各种原料药材的重量份数比也可以进一步优选为:白草莓20份、老虎泡14份、长杆兰10份、秋枫16份、酒饼婆10份、松寄生22份、假蒟子23份、老来青18份、连钱草12份、香花刺24份、野芫荽16份、柞蚕蛹22份、樟木子10份、金丝刷18份、玉米须20份和苏头12份。
当所述中药的剂型为口服液剂时,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
第一步,将白草莓、老虎泡、长杆兰、秋枫、酒饼婆、松寄生、假蒟子和老来青混合,加相对于混合物3倍~5倍量醇浓度为55%~65%的乙醇回流提取2次~4次,每次2小时~3小时,过滤,滤液合并,回收乙醇,浓缩至70℃相对密度为1.30~1.32的膏体,备用;
第二步,将剩余原料药材按比例混合,加相对于混合物3~5倍量水,煮沸2~4小时,过滤,浓缩至70℃相对密度为1.27~1.29的膏体;
第三步,将第一步、第二步获得的所述膏体混合,55℃~65℃减压真空干燥,得干膏粉;
第四步,将第三步获得的所述干膏粉中加入乙醇,得到含醇膏体,所述含醇膏体的含醇量为65%~70%;将所述含醇膏体依次进行冷藏处理、沉淀处理、过滤处理、回收乙醇处理,得到脱醇膏体,其中,冷藏处理时间为30~40小时,冷藏温度为2℃~6℃;
第五步,将所述脱醇膏体中加入蔗糖粉、活性炭,依次进行加热处理、过滤处理、稀释处理,得到半成品;所述脱醇膏体与所述蔗糖粉的重量比为1∶0.1~0.3;所述脱醇膏体与所述活性炭的重量比为1∶0.001~0.002;所述加热处理的时间为20~40分钟,温度为100℃~110℃;
第六步,再将第五步获得的所述半成品依次进行过滤处理、灌封处理、灭菌处理,即得所述中药制剂口服液成品。
当所述中药的剂型为粉针剂时,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
第一步,将所述原料药材按比例混合,放入超微粉碎机中粉碎成0.1~10μm体积平均粒径的微米级颗粒和粒径小于0.1μm体积平均粒径的纳米级颗粒组成的混合粉料,所述混合粉料的得粉率至少为95%;
第二步,在第一步获得的混合粉料中加入相对于所述混合粉料的质量3~5倍的醇浓度为85%~95%的乙醇,搅拌溶解获得乙醇溶液,将乙醇溶液在5℃~10℃的条件下静置24~36小时,采用渗漉法以每分钟1~2ml的速度缓缓渗漉,收集渗漉液,浓缩并干燥,并在此放入超微粉碎机中粉碎40~60分钟,获得0.1~10μm体积平均粒径的微米级颗粒和粒径小于0.1μm体积平均粒径的纳米级颗粒组成的混合粉料,所述混合粉料的得粉率至少为95%;
第三步,取第二步获得的混合粉料10g~20g,加入丙二醇30g~50g,加200ml注射用水,搅拌使其溶解,进一步加注射用水至1000ml,再加入1g~1.5g针用活性炭,充分搅拌30~50分钟;脱炭过滤;用0.22~0.24μm微孔滤膜过滤;冷冻干燥得无菌粉末,分装灌封。
本发明的有益效果:本发明提供的中药,联合常规西药治疗丛集性头痛,相对于单纯使用西药药物,治疗效果更好,起效快,安全无毒副作用,同时能够减轻或消除西药药物的不良反应,制备工艺简单。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种治疗丛集性头痛的中药,中药中包括以下原料药材:白草莓、老虎泡、长杆兰、秋枫、酒饼婆、松寄生、假蒟子、老来青、连钱草、香花刺、野芫荽、柞蚕蛹、樟木子、金丝刷、玉米须和苏头。
各种原料药材的药理如下:
白草莓:【别名】三匹风、野杨莓、草莓、白泡儿、白藨、白蒲草、白地莓。【来源】药材基源:为蔷薇科植物黄毛草莓的全草。【性味】甘、苦;凉。【归经】肺;肝;肾经。【功能主治】清肺止咳,解毒消肿。主肺热咳嗽;百日咳;口舌生疮;疔疮;蛇咬伤,烫火伤。【摘录】《中华本草》
老虎泡:【来源】药材基源:为蔷薇科植物红毛悬钩子的根。【性味】酸咸;凉。【归经】肝;肾经。【功能主治】凉血止血,祛风除湿,解毒疗疮。主血热吐血,尿血,便血,崩漏,风湿关节痛,瘰疬,湿疹,带下。【摘录】《中华本草》
长杆兰:【别名】大叶寮刁竹、草姜、山荸荠。【来源】药材基源:为兰科植物竹叶兰的全草和根状茎。【性味】苦;微寒。【归经】肝;肾;膀胱经。【功能主治】清热解毒;祛风利湿。主热淋;黄疸;水肿;脚气浮肿;疝气腹痛;风湿痹痛;毒蛇咬伤;疮痈肿毒;跌打损伤。【摘录】《中华本草》
秋枫:【别名】茄冬、秋风子、大秋枫、红桐、过冬梨、朱桐树、乌杨。【来源】大戟科重阳木属植物秋枫或重阳木,以根、树皮及叶入药。全年可采,鲜用或晒干。【性味】微辛、涩,凉。【功能主治】行气活血,消肿解毒。根及树皮:用于风湿骨痛。叶:食道癌,胃癌,传染性肝炎,小儿疳积,肺炎,咽喉炎;外用治痈疽,疮疡。【摘录】《全国中草药汇编》
酒饼婆:【别名】酒饼叶、油椎、蕉藤、酒饼子、牛刀树、牛菍子、牛头罗、酒饼木、牛奶果、石龙叶、土枇杷、山梗子、小十八风藤。【来源】药材基源:为番荔枝科植物紫玉盘的叶或根。【性味】辛;苦;性微温。【归经】肝;胃经。【功能主治】祛风除湿;行气健胃;止痛;化痰止咳。主风湿痹痛;腰腿痛;跌打损伤;消化不良;腹胀腹泻;咳嗽痰多。【摘录】《中华本草》《中药大辞典》
松寄生:【别名】松上寄生。【来源】药材基源:为桑寄生科植物松柏钝果寄生的带叶茎枝。【性味】辛;性平。【归经】肝;胃;肺经。【功能主治】祛风除湿;行气止痛;化痰止咳;杀虫止痒。主风湿痹痛;胃痛;痰湿咳嗽;疥癫瘙痒;皮肤湿疹。【摘录】《中华本草》
假蒟子:【别名】假蒟果穗、钻骨风果。【来源】药材基源:为胡椒科植物假蒟的果穗。【性味】辛;温。【功能主治】温中散寒;行气止痛;化湿消肿。主脘腹胀痛;寒湿腹泻;风湿痹痛;疝气痛;牙痛;水肿。【摘录】《中华本草》
老来青:【别名】黄寿丹、还少丹、披散黄细心。【来源】紫茉莉科黄细心属植物黄细心,以根入药。秋冬采,洗净切片,晒干。【性味】苦、辛,温。【功能主治】活血散瘀,强筋骨,调经,消疳。【摘录】《全国中草药汇编》
连钱草:【别名】活血丹、金钱草[上海、江苏]、金钱薄荷、落地金钱、肺风草、十八缺、透骨消[四川]。【来源】本品为唇形科植物活血丹的干燥地上部分。春至秋季采收,除去杂质,晒干。【性味】辛、微苦,微寒。【归经】归肝、肾、膀胱经。【功能主治】利湿通淋,清热解毒,散瘀消肿。用于热淋,石淋,湿热黄疸,疮痈肿痛,跌扑损伤。【摘录】《中国药典》
香花刺:【别名】香水花、木香花、红皮、七里香、红根、红刺皮。【来源】药材基源:为蔷薇科植物单瓣白木香的根皮。【性味】涩;温。【归经】肝经。【功能主治】活血调经;消肿散瘀。主月经不调;外伤红肿。【摘录】《中华本草》
野芫荽:【别名】假芫茜、香信、番香茜、山芫荽、番鬼芫茜、大芫荽、德马炸锁、阿瓦芫荽、日本芫荽、洋芫荽、刺芫荽、假芫荽、节节花、野香草、侧香荽、竻芫茜。【来源】药材基源:为伞形科植物刺芹的带根全草。【性味】味辛;苦;性平。【功能主治】发表止咳;透疹解毒;理气止痛;利尿消肿。主感冒;咳喘;麻疹不透;咽痛;胞痛;食积;呕逆;脘腹胀痛;泻痢;肠痈;肝炎;淋痛;水肿;疮疖;烫伤;跌伤;跌打伤肿;蛇咬伤。【摘录】《中华本草》
柞蚕蛹:【别名】茧蛹。【来源】药材基源:为天蚕科动物柞蚕的蛹。【性味】甘;淡;凉。【归经】胃;肺;肝;肾经。【功能主治】生津止渴;止痉。主消渴尿多;癫痫抽搐。【摘录】《中华本草》
樟木子:【别名】樟扣、樟子、樟木蔻、樟树果。【来源】药材基源:为樟科植物樟的成熟果实。【性味】辛;温。【功能主治】祛风散寒;温胃和中;理气止痛。主脘腹冷痛;寒湿吐泻;气滞腹胀;脚气。【摘录】《中华本草》《中药大辞典》
金丝刷:【别名】金刷把。【来源】药材基源:为梅衣科植物金丝刷的地衣体。【性味】苦;性平。【归经】心;肝经。【功能主治】安神;平肝;活血;敛疮。主失眠;癫痫;眩晕;跌打损伤;水火烫伤。【摘录】《中华本草》
玉米须:【别名】玉麦须、玉蜀黍蕊、棒子毛。【来源】药材基源:为禾本科植物玉蜀黍的花柱和柱头。【性味】味甘;淡;性平。【归经】肾;胃;肝;胆经。【功能主治】利尿消肿;清肝利胆。主水肿;小便淋沥;黄疸;胆囊炎;胆结石;高血压;糖尿病;乳汁不通。【摘录】《中华本草》
苏头:【别名】紫苏兜、紫苏头、紫苏根。【出处】出自《四川中药志》。【来源】药材基源:为唇形科植物紫苏野紫苏和白苏的根及近根的老茎。【性味】味辛;性温。【归经】归肺;脾经。【功能主治】疏风散寒;降气祛痰;和中安胎。主头晕;身痛;鼻塞流涕;咳逆上气;胸隔饮;胸闷肋痛;腹痛泄泻;妊娠呕吐;胎动不安。【摘录】《中华本草》
所述中药中的各种原料药材的重量份数比可以优选为:白草莓20~30份、老虎泡10~20份、长杆兰5~15份、秋枫10~20份、酒饼婆10~20份、松寄生15~25份、假蒟子20~30份、老来青10~20份、连钱草10~20份、香花刺20~30份、野芫荽10~20份、柞蚕蛹15~25份、樟木子10~20份、金丝刷12~22份、玉米须15~25份和苏头5~15份。
所述中药中的各种原料药材的重量份数比还可以进一步优选为:白草莓20~25份、老虎泡10~15份、长杆兰8~13份、秋枫12~17份、酒饼婆10~15份、松寄生18~23份、假蒟子22~27份、老来青13~18份、连钱草12~17份、香花刺20~25份、野芫荽15~20份、柞蚕蛹18~23份、樟木子10~15份、金丝刷13~18份、玉米须17~22份和苏头8~13份。
所述中药中的各种原料药材的重量份数比也可以进一步优选为:白草莓24份、老虎泡11份、长杆兰12份、秋枫13份、酒饼婆14份、松寄生19份、假蒟子26份、老来青14份、连钱草16份、香花刺20份、野芫荽19份、柞蚕蛹20份、樟木子14份、金丝刷14份、玉米须21份和苏头9份。
所述中药中的各种原料药材的重量份数比也可以进一步优选为:白草莓20份、老虎泡14份、长杆兰10份、秋枫16份、酒饼婆10份、松寄生22份、假蒟子23份、老来青18份、连钱草12份、香花刺24份、野芫荽16份、柞蚕蛹22份、樟木子10份、金丝刷18份、玉米须20份和苏头12份。
本发明又进一步提供了一种上述治疗丛集性头痛的中药的制备方法,所述中药的剂型为口服液剂,其包括以下步骤:
第一步,将白草莓、老虎泡、长杆兰、秋枫、酒饼婆、松寄生、假蒟子和老来青混合,加相对于混合物3倍~5倍量醇浓度为55%~65%的乙醇回流提取2次~4次,每次2小时~3小时,过滤,滤液合并,回收乙醇,浓缩至70℃相对密度为1.30~1.32的膏体,备用;
第二步,将剩余原料药材按比例混合,加相对于混合物3~5倍量水,煮沸2~4小时,过滤,浓缩至70℃相对密度为1.27~1.29的膏体;
第三步,将第一步、第二步获得的所述膏体混合,55℃~65℃减压真空干燥,得干膏粉;
第四步,将第三步获得的所述干膏粉中加入乙醇,得到含醇膏体,所述含醇膏体的含醇量为65%~70%;将所述含醇膏体依次进行冷藏处理、沉淀处理、过滤处理、回收乙醇处理,得到脱醇膏体,其中,冷藏处理时间为30~40小时,冷藏温度为2℃~6℃;
第五步,将所述脱醇膏体中加入蔗糖粉、活性炭,依次进行加热处理、过滤处理、稀释处理,得到半成品;所述脱醇膏体与所述蔗糖粉的重量比为1∶0.1~0.3;所述脱醇膏体与所述活性炭的重量比为1∶0.001~0.002;所述加热处理的时间为20~40分钟,温度为100℃~110℃;
第六步,再将第五步获得的所述半成品依次进行过滤处理、灌封处理、灭菌处理,即得所述中药制剂口服液成品。
本发明又进一步提供了一种上述治疗丛集性头痛的中药的制备方法,所述中药的剂型为粉针剂,其包括以下步骤:
第一步,将所述原料药材按比例混合,放入超微粉碎机中粉碎成0.1~10μm体积平均粒径的微米级颗粒和粒径小于0.1μm体积平均粒径的纳米级颗粒组成的混合粉料,所述混合粉料的得粉率至少为95%;
第二步,在第一步获得的混合粉料中加入相对于所述混合粉料的质量3~5倍的醇浓度为85%~95%的乙醇,搅拌溶解获得乙醇溶液,将乙醇溶液在5℃~10℃的条件下静置24~36小时,采用渗漉法以每分钟1~2ml的速度缓缓渗漉,收集渗漉液,浓缩并干燥,并在此放入超微粉碎机中粉碎40~60分钟,获得0.1~10μm体积平均粒径的微米级颗粒和粒径小于0.1μm体积平均粒径的纳米级颗粒组成的混合粉料,所述混合粉料的得粉率至少为95%;
第三步,取第二步获得的混合粉料10g~20g,加入丙二醇30g~50g,加200ml注射用水,搅拌使其溶解,进一步加注射用水至1000ml,再加入1g~1.5g针用活性炭,充分搅拌30~50分钟;脱炭过滤;用0.22~0.24μm微孔滤膜过滤;冷冻干燥得无菌粉末,分装灌封。
以下采用实施例来详细说明本发明的实施方式,借此对本发明如何应用技术手段来解决技术问题,并达成技术效果的实现过程能充分理解并据以实施。
实施例1:口服液剂
取白草莓200g、老虎泡140g、长杆兰100g、秋枫160g、酒饼婆100g、松寄生220g、假蒟子230g、老来青180g、连钱草120g、香花刺240g、野芫荽160g、柞蚕蛹220g、樟木子100g、金丝刷180g、玉米须200g和苏头120g。
其制备方法包括以下步骤:
第一步,将白草莓、老虎泡、长杆兰、秋枫、酒饼婆、松寄生、假蒟子和老来青混合,加相对于混合物5倍量醇浓度为60%的乙醇回流提取3次,每次2小时,过滤,滤液合并,回收乙醇,浓缩至70℃相对密度为1.31的膏体,备用;
第二步,将剩余原料药材按比例混合,加相对于混合物4倍量水,煮沸2小时,过滤,浓缩至70℃相对密度为1.28的膏体;
第三步,将第一步、第二步获得的所述膏体混合,60℃减压真空干燥,得干膏粉;
第四步,将第三步获得的所述干膏粉中加入乙醇,得到含醇膏体,所述含醇膏体的含醇量为70%;将所述含醇膏体依次进行冷藏处理、沉淀处理、过滤处理、回收乙醇处理,得到脱醇膏体,其中,冷藏处理时间为35小时,冷藏温度为5℃;
第五步,将所述脱醇膏体中加入蔗糖粉、活性炭,依次进行加热处理、过滤处理、稀释处理,得到半成品;所述脱醇膏体与所述蔗糖粉的重量比为1∶0.2;所述脱醇膏体与所述活性炭的重量比为1∶0.002;所述加热处理的时间为30分钟,温度为105℃;
第六步,再将第五步获得的所述半成品依次进行过滤处理、灌封处理、灭菌处理,即得所述中药制剂口服液成品。
实施例2:粉针剂
取白草莓240g、老虎泡110g、长杆兰120g、秋枫130g、酒饼婆140g、松寄生190g、假蒟子260g、老来青140g、连钱草160g、香花刺200g、野芫荽190g、柞蚕蛹200g、樟木子140g、金丝刷140g、玉米须210g和苏头90g。
其制备方法包括以下步骤:
第一步,将所述原料药材按比例混合,放入超微粉碎机中粉碎成6μm体积平均粒径的微米级颗粒和粒径小于0.1μm体积平均粒径的纳米级颗粒组成的混合粉料,所述混合粉料的得粉率至少为95%;
第二步,在第一步获得的混合粉料中加入相对于所述混合粉料的质量3倍的醇浓度为90%的乙醇,搅拌溶解获得乙醇溶液,将乙醇溶液在8℃的条件下静置30小时,采用渗漉法以每分钟2ml的速度缓缓渗漉,收集渗漉液,浓缩并干燥,并在此放入超微粉碎机中粉碎50分钟,获得3μm体积平均粒径的微米级颗粒和粒径小于0.1μm体积平均粒径的纳米级颗粒组成的混合粉料,所述混合粉料的得粉率至少为95%;
第三步,取第二步获得的混合粉料20g,加入丙二醇40g,加200ml注射用水,搅拌使其溶解,进一步加注射用水至1000ml,再加入1g针用活性炭,充分搅拌40分钟;脱炭过滤;用0.23μm微孔滤膜过滤;冷冻干燥得无菌粉末,分装灌封。
毒性实验:
急性毒性实验:应用小鼠60只,雌雄各半,体重20-30g,进行急性毒性试验。小鼠随机分为两组,即对照组和给药组,实验前禁食12小时,将本发明的实施例1制备的中药口服液剂溶解在水中,(浓度为8.56g生药/ml,最高浓度)灌胃,灌胃容积为5ml/kg(即单次给药剂量为42.8生药/kg),对照组给予等量生理盐水,一天给药2次,给药间隔时间6小时,给药后连续观察14天,并记录小鼠的的毒性反应及死亡数。实验结果表明:与对照组比较,给药后小鼠未见明显差异,实验连续观察14天,小鼠全身状况、饮食、饮水、体重增长均正常。小鼠口服灌胃本发明的口服液剂LD50>42.8生药/kg,每日最大给药量为85.6生药/kg/日。本发明的中药临床用药量为7.8g生药/日/人,成人体重以60KG计,平均用药剂量为0.13g生药/kg/日。按体重计:小鼠(平均体重以25g计)口服灌胃本发明的中药的耐受量为临床用量的658倍。因此本发明的中药急性毒性极低,临床用药安全。
长期毒性实验:本发明中药实施例1口服液剂对三组小鼠(每组15只)按13.25、25.39和42.53g生药/kg连续用药15周(1.0ml/100g体重,每天2次)及停药3周后,结果表明:本发明中药对小鼠的毛发、行为、大小便、体重、脏器重量、血象、肝肾功能、血糖、血脂等指标均无明显影响,脏器肉眼没有发现异样变化和组织学检查结果表明,用药15周及停药3周后,小鼠各脏器均无明显改变。说明本发明中药对小鼠长期用药后毒性小,停药后也没有异样反应,应用安全。
临床资料:
病例选择:选取100例本院门诊及住院的丛集性头痛患者,男性78例,女性22例;年龄20-59岁;病程2个月-8年;左侧头痛47例,右侧头痛53例。随机分为2组,治疗组50例,男性38例,女性12例;年龄20-59岁;病程2个月-8年;左侧头痛24例,右侧头痛26例。对照组50例,男性40例,女性10例;年龄22-58岁;病程3个月-8年;左侧头痛23例,右侧头痛27例。两组性别、年龄、病程和病情程度等方面经统计学处理,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。
诊断标准:参照2004年国际头痛协会制定的丛集性头痛诊断标准制定:(1)有5次以上头痛发作,且符合(2)-(4)的条件。(2)未治疗时为单侧性重至极重度头痛,存在于眶、眶上或颢部中的至少一处,持续发作15-180min。(3)在头痛,至少伴有下列一项特征者:①结膜充血和/或流泪;②鼻塞和/或流涕;③眼睑浮肿;④额部和面部出汗;⑤瞳孔缩小和/或眼睑下垂;⑥无法冷静或兴奋的样子。(4)发作频率为1次/2d至8次/d。(5)排除其他原因。
病例纳入标准:①符合丛集性头痛诊断标准且处于丛集期;②年龄为18-70岁;③经CT或MRI检查排除颅内、颅外疾病;④经神经系统检查和其他专科检查排除其他疾病;⑤知情且同意合作。
病例排除标准:①合并严重的心、肝、肾、血液病变以及内分泌系统原发病;②神经失常,或智力及认知能力低下;③过敏体质、妊娠或哺乳期妇女,恶性肿瘤和传染病患者;④不符合纳入标准;⑤资料收集不全;⑥不能坚持本治疗者。
治疗方法:
对照组:口服盐酸氟桂利嗪胶囊,每次1-2粒,1天2次,15天一疗程,两个疗程后统计结果。
治疗组:在对照组常规西药治疗基础上,口服本发明中药实施例1口服液剂,每次15ml,每天3次。15天一疗程,两个疗程后统计结果。
治疗前1周停用一切可能会影响试验效果的有关药物,且治疗过程中不使用其他治疗丛集性头痛的药物或保健品。
疗效判断标准:痊愈:头痛及症状完全消失,能正常工作,各项实验室检查正常。有效:头痛程度减轻,或发作间隔时间延长或头痛持续时间缩短。无效:疼痛及症状无明显变化。
治疗结果:两组分别治疗2个疗程后,统计结果参见表1和表2。
表1两组分别治疗2个疗程后临床疗效比较(单位:例)
组别 | 例数 | 治愈 | 好转 | 无效 | 总有效率 |
治疗组 | 50 | 36 | 12 | 2 | 48(96%) |
对照组 | 50 | 23 | 16 | 11 | 39(78%) |
从表1可以看出,治疗组采用本发明的中药和西药联合治疗丛集性头痛,相对于对照组,在治疗效果上,具有显著的改进。
表2两组治疗后治愈人数和时间比较(单位:例)
组别 | 例数 | 用药1个疗程 | 用药2个疗程 |
治疗组 | 36 | 17(34%) | 36(72%) |
对照组 | 23 | 9(18%) | 23(46%) |
从表2可以看出,治疗组采用本发明的中药和西药联合治疗丛集性头痛,相对于对照组,不但有效率更高,在治疗疗程上也能显著缩短。
根据上述表格内的临床统计以及毒性实验可知,本发明提供的中药具有有效率高、起效快、安全无毒副作用的优势。治疗过程中,对照组50例患者,6例出现嗜睡,2例出现口干,1例出现失眠,均未出现肝肾功能损害或其他不良反应;治疗组50例患者,1例出现嗜睡,均未出现肝肾功能损害或其他不良反应。
具体病例:高某,女,36岁,患者自诉确诊丛集性头痛3年左右,每次大约春夏交替时发作,左侧眼眶周围或眼球后发作,刀割样剧烈头痛,伴左侧鼻塞、流泪、流鼻涕,左侧眼眶有灼热感,每次发作30-50分钟,每天下午或晚上发作,连续发作约20-25天,进一步临床检查及CT确诊为丛集性头痛。口服盐酸氟桂利嗪胶囊,每次2粒,1天2次,口服发明实施例1的口服液剂,每次15ml,每日3次,治疗15天后发作次数明显减少,疼痛感明显减轻,发作时间明显缩短。治疗25天后,头痛及症状完全消失,继续治疗5天,临床检查结果显示治愈,随访3个月无复发。
所有上述的首要实施这一知识产权,并没有设定限制其他形式的实施这种新产品或新方法。本领域技术人员将利用这一重要信息,上述内容修改,以实现类似的执行情况。但是,所有修改或改造基于本发明新产品属于保留的权利。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非是对本发明作其它形式的限制,任何熟悉本专业的技术人员可能利用上述揭示的技术内容加以变更或改型为等同变化的等效实施例。但是凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与改型,仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种治疗丛集性头痛的中药,其特征在于,所述中药包括以下原料药材:白草莓、老虎泡、长杆兰、秋枫、酒饼婆、松寄生、假蒟子、老来青、连钱草、香花刺、野芫荽、柞蚕蛹、樟木子、金丝刷、玉米须和苏头。
2.如权利要求1所述的中药,其特征在于,所述原料药材的重量份数比为:白草莓20~30份、老虎泡10~20份、长杆兰5~15份、秋枫10~20份、酒饼婆10~20份、松寄生15~25份、假蒟子20~30份、老来青10~20份、连钱草10~20份、香花刺20~30份、野芫荽10~20份、柞蚕蛹15~25份、樟木子10~20份、金丝刷12~22份、玉米须15~25份和苏头5~15份。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的中药,其特征在于,所述原料药材的重量份数比为:白草莓20~25份、老虎泡10~15份、长杆兰8~13份、秋枫12~17份、酒饼婆10~15份、松寄生18~23份、假蒟子22~27份、老来青13~18份、连钱草12~17份、香花刺20~25份、野芫荽15~20份、柞蚕蛹18~23份、樟木子10~15份、金丝刷13~18份、玉米须17~22份和苏头8~13份。
4.如权利要求1至3所述的中药,其特征在于,所述原料药材的重量份数比为:白草莓24份、老虎泡11份、长杆兰12份、秋枫13份、酒饼婆14份、松寄生19份、假蒟子26份、老来青14份、连钱草16份、香花刺20份、野芫荽19份、柞蚕蛹20份、樟木子14份、金丝刷14份、玉米须21份和苏头9份。
5.如权利要求1至4所述的中药,其特征在于,所述原料药材的重量份数比为:白草莓20份、老虎泡14份、长杆兰10份、秋枫16份、酒饼婆10份、松寄生22份、假蒟子23份、老来青18份、连钱草12份、香花刺24份、野芫荽16份、柞蚕蛹22份、樟木子10份、金丝刷18份、玉米须20份和苏头12份。
6.如权利要求1至5所述的中药,其特征在于,所述中药的剂型为口服液剂,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
第一步,将白草莓、老虎泡、长杆兰、秋枫、酒饼婆、松寄生、假蒟子和老来青混合,加相对于混合物3倍~5倍量醇浓度为55%~65%的乙醇回流提取2次~4次,每次2小时~3小时,过滤,滤液合并,回收乙醇,浓缩至70℃相对密度为1.30~1.32的膏体,备用;
第二步,将剩余原料药材按比例混合,加相对于混合物3~5倍量水,煮沸2~4小时,过滤,浓缩至70℃相对密度为1.27~1.29的膏体;
第三步,将第一步、第二步获得的所述膏体混合,55℃~65℃减压真空干燥,得干膏粉;
第四步,将第三步获得的所述干膏粉中加入乙醇,得到含醇膏体,所述含醇膏体的含醇量为65%~70%;将所述含醇膏体依次进行冷藏处理、沉淀处理、过滤处理、回收乙醇处理,得到脱醇膏体,其中,冷藏处理时间为30~40小时,冷藏温度为2℃~6℃;
第五步,将所述脱醇膏体中加入蔗糖粉、活性炭,依次进行加热处理、过滤处理、稀释处理,得到半成品;所述脱醇膏体与所述蔗糖粉的重量比为1∶0.1~0.3;所述脱醇膏体与所述活性炭的重量比为1∶0.001~0.002;所述加热处理的时间为20~40分钟,温度为100℃~110℃;
第六步,再将第五步获得的所述半成品依次进行过滤处理、灌封处理、灭菌处理,即得所述中药制剂口服液成品。
7.如权利要求1至5所述的中药,其特征在于,所述中药的剂型为粉针剂,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
第一步,将所述原料药材按比例混合,放入超微粉碎机中粉碎成0.1~10μm体积平均粒径的微米级颗粒和粒径小于0.1μm体积平均粒径的纳米级颗粒组成的混合粉料,所述混合粉料的得粉率至少为95%;
第二步,在第一步获得的混合粉料中加入相对于所述混合粉料的质量3~5倍的醇浓度为85%~95%的乙醇,搅拌溶解获得乙醇溶液,将乙醇溶液在5℃~10℃的条件下静置24~36小时,采用渗漉法以每分钟1~2ml的速度缓缓渗漉,收集渗漉液,浓缩并干燥,并在此放入超微粉碎机中粉碎40~60分钟,获得0.1~10μm体积平均粒径的微米级颗粒和粒径小于0.1μm体积平均粒径的纳米级颗粒组成的混合粉料,所述混合粉料的得粉率至少为95%;
第三步,取第二步获得的混合粉料10g~20g,加入丙二醇30g~50g,加200ml注射用水,搅拌使其溶解,进一步加注射用水至1000ml,再加入1g~1.5g针用活性炭,充分搅拌30~50分钟;脱炭过滤;用0.22~0.24μm微孔滤膜过滤;冷冻干燥得无菌粉末,分装灌封。
8.一种权利要求1至5所述的中药的制备方法,其特征在于,所述中药的剂型为口服液剂,其包括以下步骤:
第一步,将白草莓、老虎泡、长杆兰、秋枫、酒饼婆、松寄生、假蒟子和老来青混合,加相对于混合物3倍~5倍量醇浓度为55%~65%的乙醇回流提取2次~4次,每次2小时~3小时,过滤,滤液合并,回收乙醇,浓缩至70℃相对密度为1.30~1.32的膏体,备用;
第二步,将剩余原料药材按比例混合,加相对于混合物3~5倍量水,煮沸2~4小时,过滤,浓缩至70℃相对密度为1.27~1.29的膏体;
第三步,将第一步、第二步获得的所述膏体混合,55℃~65℃减压真空干燥,得干膏粉;
第四步,将第三步获得的所述干膏粉中加入乙醇,得到含醇膏体,所述含醇膏体的含醇量为65%~70%;将所述含醇膏体依次进行冷藏处理、沉淀处理、过滤处理、回收乙醇处理,得到脱醇膏体,其中,冷藏处理时间为30~40小时,冷藏温度为2℃~6℃;
第五步,将所述脱醇膏体中加入蔗糖粉、活性炭,依次进行加热处理、过滤处理、稀释处理,得到半成品;所述脱醇膏体与所述蔗糖粉的重量比为1∶0.1~0.3;所述脱醇膏体与所述活性炭的重量比为1∶0.001~0.002;所述加热处理的时间为20~40分钟,温度为100℃~110℃;
第六步,再将第五步获得的所述半成品依次进行过滤处理、灌封处理、灭菌处理,即得所述中药制剂口服液成品。
9.一种权利要求1至5所述的中药的制备方法,其特征在于,所述中药的剂型为粉针剂,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
第一步,将所述原料药材按比例混合,放入超微粉碎机中粉碎成0.1~10μm体积平均粒径的微米级颗粒和粒径小于0.1μm体积平均粒径的纳米级颗粒组成的混合粉料,所述混合粉料的得粉率至少为95%;
第二步,在第一步获得的混合粉料中加入相对于所述混合粉料的质量3~5倍的醇浓度为85%~95%的乙醇,搅拌溶解获得乙醇溶液,将乙醇溶液在5℃~10℃的条件下静置24~36小时,采用渗漉法以每分钟1~2ml的速度缓缓渗漉,收集渗漉液,浓缩并干燥,并在此放入超微粉碎机中粉碎40~60分钟,获得0.1~10μm体积平均粒径的微米级颗粒和粒径小于0.1μm体积平均粒径的纳米级颗粒组成的混合粉料,所述混合粉料的得粉率至少为95%;
第三步,取第二步获得的混合粉料10g~20g,加入丙二醇30g~50g,加200ml注射用水,搅拌使其溶解,进一步加注射用水至1000ml,再加入1g~1.5g针用活性炭,充分搅拌30~50分钟;脱炭过滤;用0.22~0.24μm微孔滤膜过滤;冷冻干燥得无菌粉末,分装灌封。
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