CN105887940A - Double-speed low-strain method for detecting integrity of existing pile foundation by adopting excitation in pile body - Google Patents
Double-speed low-strain method for detecting integrity of existing pile foundation by adopting excitation in pile body Download PDFInfo
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- CN105887940A CN105887940A CN201410636966.4A CN201410636966A CN105887940A CN 105887940 A CN105887940 A CN 105887940A CN 201410636966 A CN201410636966 A CN 201410636966A CN 105887940 A CN105887940 A CN 105887940A
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
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- 238000010219 correlation analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double-speed low-strain method for detecting the integrity of an existing pile foundation by adopting excitation in a pile body, which comprises the following steps of: positioning the pile top, finding the central position of the pile to be detected according to the construction drawing and marking; drilling a foundation and a foundation pile, marking a position at the center of the pile to be tested by using equipment, drilling and sampling; respectively installing two sensors on the hole wall of the obtained drill hole, wherein the two sensors are respectively positioned at different depths; installing an excitation seat, wherein the excitation seat is arranged below the pile top and positioned at the upper end of the upper sensor, is tightly contacted with the hole wall of the drilled hole and does not slide with the hole wall under the action of an excitation hammer; exciting by using an exciting hammer, wherein the exciting hammer is selected to carry out multiple times of excitation according to the diameter, length and defect positions of the pile; sampling and data analysis, namely synchronously sampling the two sensors and analyzing the acquired signals. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method has the advantages of simple principle, simple acquisition equipment, more accurate and reliable result and stronger engineering application and popularization prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of two-speed low strain dynamic side using pile body underexcitation detection existing pile foundation integrity
Method.
Background technology
Existing pile foundation integrity detection, has great significance for the safety of existing building, the qualification of quality,
When to building pile foundation quality with suspicion time, need to carry out pile integrity (stake long, defect) detection. due to
Existing building pile foundation is buried belongs to concealed work under building structure and basis, and its detection is by basis, top
And the impact of structure, the integrity detection of pile foundation is the most difficult.
The most universal method used at present is low strain dynamic method, by encouraging on stake top with hand hammer or power rod,
Operating speed or acceleration transducer survey pile body speed or mechanical admittance curves, use wave theory to be analyzed,
The method that pile body integrity is judged, the operation of low strain integrity testing method is relatively simple, and result is more reliable,
It is recommended as the standard method of pile integrity detection by building and traffic industry standard, has in industry obtained general
Time application.But, along with going deep into of engineering practice and research, conventional low strain dynamic finds and exposes one
A little problems, in order to overcome and solve these problems, research worker is changed on the basis of conventional low strain dynamic
Enter, define some new methods, mainly have that " general frequency response function method detects high cushion cap under existing construction of structures
The method of pile integrality " (patent publication No.: CN103774700A) and " a kind of pile foundation quality detection method
And device " (patent publication No.: CN102296645A) two kinds.
" general frequency response function method detects the method for Vertical spots integrity under existing construction of structures " is for both
There is the detection method of Vertical spots integrity under construction of structures, owing to conventional low strain dynamic method requires that stake top is freely
Surface, and Vertical spots is affected by superstructure, causes conventional method to implement.The method utilizes height
Earth's surface is exposed in cushion cap stake, uses and is symmetrically installed 2 strains and 2 acceleration sensors in stake side to measure pile body
Strain and speed responsive, use frequency response function to isolate upper and lower shape ripple, judge stake finally according to upgoing wave
Defect and stake are long.
" a kind of pile foundation quality detection method and device thereof " method pin is then to long stake in conventional low strain integrity testing
Reflected signal is faint, and the problem that shallow defects is difficult to differentiate is improved, and the method uses on stake top
Excitation, backs down the hole of a diameter of about 40cm～60cm, hole depth 0.7m～about 1.5m in stake,
6～12 speed or acceleration transducer, each sensor distance 8cm～12cm are installed in hole, use
Sensor is fixed on hole wall by the modes such as air bag.Use the lower shape ripple that the compacting of shape ripple separation algorithm is unrelated so that
Upgoing wave containing defective and that stake is long signal becomes apparent from, and 6～12 speed by installing are accelerated simultaneously
Degree sensor receives the phase and amplitude diversity judgement of response and goes out the shallow defects position of stake in perforate depth bounds
Put.
Either conventional low strain dynamic method or above-mentioned two kinds of methods, be all to tie on stake top or top, stake top
The enterprising row energization of structure, but for existing building pile foundation, due to blocking of superstructure, it is impossible to directly in stake
Top excitation, if at stake top upper component surface actuator, owing to top, stake top exists cushion cap, foundation beam, raft
The components such as plate, then the energy major part of pumping signal is consumed in basis and superstructure component, acts on pile foundation
Effective energy less, the most in some cases (composite foundation, anti-floating pile or qualitative problems of construction),
In the case of coming to nothing in stake top and beam or raft plate, the excitation on top often cannot pass to pile body, and more weak excitation causes
Reflected signal is the most weak.Therefore, said method is used either to use installation single-sensor or branched sensing
The mode of device is all difficult to receive effective signal reliably.
When using " a kind of pile foundation quality detection method and device " thereof method to detect, the method use 6～
12 speed or acceleration transducer." general frequency response function method detects high cushion cap under existing construction of structures in employing
The method of pile integrality " need to be symmetrically installed 2 bearing pressures and and 2 velocity sensors.Two kinds of method sensors
Installation quantity is more, and equipment is complex, requires higher to data collecting system, and execute-in-place is loaded down with trivial details time-consumingly.
It addition, the low strain dynamic method of routine and above-mentioned two kinds of methods are judging that stake is long and during defective locations, all
It is to determine, due to ripple to speed the first peak time difference Δ t rider speed Wc according to defect or reflection wave at the bottom of pile
Speed is that the empirical relation according to concrete strength and velocity of wave determines, randomness is relatively big, and the error of result is relatively big,
Need accurately to determine when stake is long the most helpless especially for end-bearing pile, need to use core drilling method etc. other
Method determines.
Effect for currently used low strain dynamic method detection building existing pile foundation is the most undesirable, and flaw indication is difficult to
Differentiating, velocity of wave and stake is long cannot accurately record, equipment is complex, and not yet proposes effective solution and do
Method.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide and a kind of used the double of pile body underexcitation detection existing pile foundation integrity
Speed low strain dynamic method, the method can increase the effective excitation to pile foundation, improve defect of pile foundation reflection
Signal and the intensity accepting signal；The rate signal recorded with less sensor, separates through calculating
Go out upper and lower shape ripple, get rid of the interference of superstructure；The most accurately record the actual velocity of wave of pile body, thus accurate
Really record that stake is long and defective locations, effectively overcome above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art.
It is an object of the invention to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of use pile body underexcitation detection existing pile foundation integrity two-speed low strain dynamic method, including with
Lower step:
Step 1: stake top location positioning, finds pile center to be measured position according to construction drawing and is labeled；
Step 2: basis and foundation pile boring, holes with equipment at pile center to be measured labeling position and samples；
Step 3: install sensor, be respectively mounted two at the hole wall of the boring obtained through step 2
Sensor, said two sensor lays respectively at the different degree of depth；
Step 4: installing exciting seat, exciting seat is installed on below stake top, and sensor above
Upper end, the hole wall of described exciting seat and boring is in close contact, exciting hammer act under and hole wall not
Slide；
Step 5: exciting hammer exciting, and defective locations long according to stake footpath and stake selects suitable exciting
Hammer carries out repeatedly exciting；
Two sensors carry out synchronized sampling by step 6: sampling and data analysis, and to adopting
Signal is analyzed.
Further, in step 1, when construction drawing material is the most full-time, electromagnetic method is used to determine to be measured
Pile center position.
Further, in described step 2, described equipment is corning machine.
Further, in step 2, described bore diameter 60mm～100mm, the degree of depth is to be measured
1.5m～3m below stake stake top.
Further, in step 2, when needs differentiate shallow defects, the sample according to obtaining depends on
According to technical standard, the pile defect of 0m～3m is judged.
Further, described sensor is velocity sensor or acceleration transducer.
Further, said two transducer spacing is at least 1m, and be positioned at the sensor of lower section away from
From being not less than 1 times of aperture at the bottom of hole.
Further, said two sensor uses machinery, cloud stone glue or Instant cement to be fixed on hole wall.
Further, in step 4, the distance of described exciting seat distance uppermost sensor is at least 2
Aperture again.
Further, in step 6, sample frequency is not less than 50KHz.
The invention have the benefit that the core sample that this method utilizes aperture to obtain, it is possible to determine that pile body is shallow
Portion is the most defective, uses and encourages inside pile body, adds the effective excitation to pile body；Profit
With being installed on internal two sensors of pile body and record the speed wave of diverse location, use cross correlation analysis
Try to achieve the actual velocity of wave of pile body；According to theory of stress wave, by computational analysis, try to achieve upgoing wave；According to
Upgoing wave tries to achieve defect and pile bottom reflection time, and determines its position；The method principle is simple and clear, operation
Simply, relative to other several low-strain measurement methods, sensor is installed quantity and is greatly reduced, and gathers
Equipment is simple, and result more accurately and reliably, has stronger engineer applied and promotion prospect, beneficially city
The popularization of field and application.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to enforcement
In example, the required accompanying drawing used is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawing in describing below is only
Some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, are not paying creative work
Under premise, it is also possible to obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
A kind of employing pile body underexcitation detection existing pile foundation that Fig. 1 is described according to embodiments of the present invention is complete
The two-speed low strain dynamic method schematic diagram of property.
In figure:
1, double channel data acquisition instrument；2, sensor wire；3, passage one sensor；4, passage two passes
Sensor；5, exciting seat；6, exciting hammer；7, foundation pile；8, boring；9, basis；10 superstructures.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clearly
Chu, be fully described by, it is clear that described embodiment be only a part of embodiment of the present invention rather than
Whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art obtained all its
His embodiment, broadly falls into the scope of protection of the invention.
As it is shown in figure 1, a kind of employing pile body underexcitation detection existing pile foundation according to embodiments of the present invention is complete
The two-speed low strain dynamic method of property, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: stake top location positioning, finds pile center to be measured position according to construction drawing and is labeled；
When construction drawing material is the most full-time, electromagnetic method is used to determine pile center to be measured position.
Step 2: basis and foundation pile boring, carries out holing 8 with corning machine at pile center to be measured labeling position
And sample；Diameter 60mm～100mm of described boring 8, the degree of depth for treat below peg stake top 1.5m～
3m；When needs differentiate shallow defects, according to the sample obtained according to technical standard (such as " building stake
Base detection technique standard " JGJ106) pile defect of 0m～3m is judged.
Step 3: install sensor, be respectively mounted two at the hole wall of the boring obtained through step 2
Sensor, said two sensor lays respectively at the different degree of depth；Said two sensor is respectively position
Passage one sensor 3 in upper end and passage two sensor 4 being positioned at lower end, described passage one sensor 3
It is velocity sensor or acceleration transducer with passage two sensor 4；Described passage one sensor 3 is with logical
Road two sensor 4 spacing is at least 1m, and passage two sensor 4 is not less than apart from the distance at the bottom of hole
1 times of aperture；Described passage one sensor 3 and passage two sensor 4 all use machinery, cloud stone glue or fast
Dry glue is fixed on hole wall.
Step 4: installing exciting seat 5, exciting seat 5 is installed on below stake top, and is positioned at passage one biography
The upper end of sensor 3, described exciting seat 5 is in close contact with the hole wall of boring 8, hammers 6 ground into shape at exciting and makees
Do not slide with lower and hole wall；Described exciting seat 5 is at least apart from the distance of passage one sensor 3
The aperture of 2 times.
Step 5: exciting hammers 6 excitings into shape, and defective locations long according to stake footpath and stake select with stake footpath and
The long exciting hammer 6 matched of stake carries out repeatedly exciting.
Two sensors carry out synchronized sampling by step 6: sampling and data analysis, and to adopting
Signal is analyzed, and sample frequency is not less than 50KHz.
First, appliance arrangement is separately mounted to the position estimated, in basic 9 upper ends, bilateral is installed
Track data Acquisition Instrument 1, described basic 9 refer to raft plate or foundation beam etc., and its top there may be
Portion's structure 10, described superstructure 10 refers to shear wall or post etc.；Described basic 9 lower ends are provided with
Foundation pile 7, described foundation pile 7 is provided with boring 8, and described double channel data acquisition instrument 1 passes through pickup wire
Cable 2 connects passage one sensor 3 and passage two sensor 4 being positioned at boring 8, is used for gathering
The data that passage one sensor 3 and passage two sensor 4 are detected, and, by exciting hammer 6 hammer
Hit exciting seat 5 and foundation pile 7 is carried out hole underexcitation, in order to increase the accuracy measured.
When specifically measuring, 1) determine pile body velocity of wave, to passage one sensor 3 and passage two sensor 4
The rate signal V recorded1、V2Carry out cross-correlation analysis.
(N, a)=R (V1, V2)；
Wc=Δ x*f/N；
Wherein: N is the array sequence value that correlation coefficient maximum is corresponding；V1T () is passage one sensor
The actual measurement speed wave of 3；V2T () is the actual measurement speed wave of passage two sensor 4；Wc is pile body velocity of wave；f
For sample frequency；Δ x is passage one sensor 3 and the spacing distance of passage two sensor 4.
2) solve shape ripple, according to theory of stress wave, solve and obtain upper and lower shape ripple；
V1(t)=V1(t)↓+V1(t)↑ (1)
V2(t)=V2(t)↓+V2(t)↑ (2)
V2(t) ↓=V1(t-N/f)↓ (3)
V2(t) ↑=V1(t+N/f)↑ (4)
Wherein: V1(t)↑、V1(t) ↓ for pile body speed uplink and downlink ripple at passage one sensor 3；V2(t)
↑、V2(t) ↓ for pile body speed uplink and downlink ripple at passage two sensor 4.
3, determine that defective locations and stake are long, upgoing wave is carried out low-pass filtering, determine according to upgoing wave scarce
Fall into and the long position of stake,
L=Wc × tx；
X=Wc × tx；
Wherein: L is that stake is long；X is defective locations；txFor stake is long and flaw echo is to First Speed peak
Time interval.
This method utilizes the sample that aperture obtains, it is possible to determine that pile body superficial part is the most defective, use from
Encourage inside pile body, add the effective excitation to pile body；Utilization is installed on internal two of pile body
Sensor records the speed wave of diverse location, uses cross correlation analysis to try to achieve the actual velocity of wave of pile body；Root
According to theory of stress wave, by computational analysis, try to achieve upgoing wave；Try to achieve at the bottom of defect and stake according to upgoing wave
Reflex time, and determine its position.The method principle is simple and clear, simple to operate, several relative to other
Low-strain measurement method, sensor installation quantity is greatly reduced, and collecting device is simple, and result is more accurate
The most reliable, there are stronger engineer applied and promotion prospect.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all at this
Within bright spirit and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement etc. made, should be included in this
Within bright protection domain.
Claims (10)
1. the two-speed low strain dynamic method using pile body underexcitation detection existing pile foundation integrity, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step 1: stake top location positioning, finds pile center to be measured position according to construction drawing and is labeled；
Step 2: basis and foundation pile boring, holes with equipment at pile center to be measured labeling position and samples；
Step 3: installing sensor, be respectively mounted two sensors at the hole wall of the boring obtained through step 2, said two sensor lays respectively at the different degree of depth；
Step 4: install exciting seat, exciting seat is installed on below stake top, and the upper end of sensor above, and described exciting seat is in close contact with the hole wall of boring, does not slides with hole wall under exciting acts on hammering into shape；
Step 5: exciting hammer exciting, and defective locations long according to stake footpath and stake selects suitable exciting hammer to carry out repeatedly exciting；
Two sensors are carried out synchronized sampling, and are analyzed the signal adopted by step 6: sampling and data analysis.
The two-speed low strain dynamic method of employing pile body underexcitation the most according to claim 1 detection existing pile foundation integrity, it is characterised in that in step 1, when construction drawing material is the most full-time, uses electromagnetic method to determine pile center to be measured position.
The two-speed low strain dynamic method of employing pile body underexcitation the most according to claim 1 detection existing pile foundation integrity, it is characterised in that in described step 2, described equipment is corning machine.
The two-speed low strain dynamic method of employing pile body underexcitation the most according to claim 3 detection existing pile foundation integrity, it is characterised in that in step 2, described bore diameter 60mm～100mm, the degree of depth is for treating below peg stake top 1.5m～3m.
The two-speed low strain dynamic method of employing pile body underexcitation the most according to claim 4 detection existing pile foundation integrity, it is characterized in that, in step 2, when needs differentiate shallow defects, the pile defect of 0m～3m is judged according to technical standard according to the sample obtained.
The two-speed low strain dynamic method of employing pile body underexcitation the most according to claim 1 detection existing pile foundation integrity, it is characterised in that described sensor is velocity sensor or acceleration transducer.
The two-speed low strain dynamic method of employing pile body underexcitation the most according to claim 6 detection existing pile foundation integrity, it is characterised in that said two transducer spacing is at least 1m, and is positioned at the bottom of the sensor distance hole of lower section not less than 1 times of aperture.
The two-speed low strain dynamic method of employing pile body underexcitation the most according to claim 7 detection existing pile foundation integrity, it is characterised in that said two sensor uses machinery, cloud stone glue or Instant cement to be fixed on hole wall.
The two-speed low strain dynamic method of employing pile body underexcitation the most according to claim 8 detection existing pile foundation integrity, it is characterised in that in step 4, the distance of described exciting seat distance uppermost sensor is at least the aperture of 2 times.
The two-speed low strain dynamic method of employing pile body underexcitation the most according to claim 1 detection existing pile foundation integrity, it is characterised in that in step 6, sample frequency is not less than 50KHz.
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| CN201410636966.4A CN105887940A (en) | 2014-11-13 | 2014-11-13 | Double-speed low-strain method for detecting integrity of existing pile foundation by adopting excitation in pile body |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107167521A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-09-15 | 四川升拓检测技术股份有限公司 | A kind of detection method for improving identification concrete defect and lesion capability |
| CN108240003A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-07-03 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | The pile foundation inspection method of existing building |
| CN108894244A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-11-27 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | A kind of electric power pylon foundation structure integrality low strain dynamic uplink wave detecting method |
| CN109208657A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-01-15 | 湖南湘建检测有限公司 | A kind of low strain dynamic quality testing measuring tool and its test method |
| CN109469114A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-03-15 | 中国建筑科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of method for the existing foundation pile integrity of low strain integrity testing that can eliminate superstructure influence |
| CN111042215A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2020-04-21 | 广州市市政工程试验检测有限公司 | Existing building foundation pile quality detection method and device |
| CN113373990A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-09-10 | 福建工程学院 | Method for determining optimal placement position of sensor in low strain detection of pile foundation |
| CN113737766A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2021-12-03 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | Multidimensional transient trigger type intelligent method for detecting MJS reinforcement quality |
| CN115012819A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-09-06 | 西安交通大学 | Rubber bag hydraulic shock excitation direct-pushing type drilling detection device |
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| CN102296645A (en) * | 2011-06-02 | 2011-12-28 | 朱德兵 | Pile foundation quality detection method and device |
| CN203551516U (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-04-16 | 天津市建联工程勘测有限公司 | Device for detecting integrality of pile body by using low strain method |
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| JPH10239262A (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 1998-09-11 | Gio Top:Kk | Method for diagnosing damage of pile and underground pile whose damage can be detected |
| CN102296645A (en) * | 2011-06-02 | 2011-12-28 | 朱德兵 | Pile foundation quality detection method and device |
| CN203551516U (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-04-16 | 天津市建联工程勘测有限公司 | Device for detecting integrality of pile body by using low strain method |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107167521A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-09-15 | 四川升拓检测技术股份有限公司 | A kind of detection method for improving identification concrete defect and lesion capability |
| CN108240003A (en) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-07-03 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | The pile foundation inspection method of existing building |
| CN108894244A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-11-27 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | A kind of electric power pylon foundation structure integrality low strain dynamic uplink wave detecting method |
| CN108894244B (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2019-10-18 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | A kind of electric power pylon foundation structure integrality low strain dynamic uplink wave detecting method |
| CN111042215A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2020-04-21 | 广州市市政工程试验检测有限公司 | Existing building foundation pile quality detection method and device |
| CN109208657A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-01-15 | 湖南湘建检测有限公司 | A kind of low strain dynamic quality testing measuring tool and its test method |
| CN109469114A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-03-15 | 中国建筑科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of method for the existing foundation pile integrity of low strain integrity testing that can eliminate superstructure influence |
| CN109469114B (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2020-11-03 | 中国建筑科学研究院有限公司 | Low-strain existing foundation pile integrity detection method capable of eliminating upper structure influence |
| CN113373990A (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2021-09-10 | 福建工程学院 | Method for determining optimal placement position of sensor in low strain detection of pile foundation |
| CN113737766A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2021-12-03 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | Multidimensional transient trigger type intelligent method for detecting MJS reinforcement quality |
| CN113737766B (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2022-12-13 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | Multidimensional transient trigger type intelligent method for detecting MJS reinforcement quality |
| CN115012819A (en) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-09-06 | 西安交通大学 | Rubber bag hydraulic shock excitation direct-pushing type drilling detection device |
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Application publication date: 20160824 |