CN105886396A - Two-phase straw anaerobic fermentation device and fermentation method utilizing same - Google Patents
Two-phase straw anaerobic fermentation device and fermentation method utilizing same Download PDFInfo
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- CN105886396A CN105886396A CN201610237885.6A CN201610237885A CN105886396A CN 105886396 A CN105886396 A CN 105886396A CN 201610237885 A CN201610237885 A CN 201610237885A CN 105886396 A CN105886396 A CN 105886396A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a two-phase straw anaerobic fermentation device and a fermentation method utilizing the same. The device comprises a constant-temperature water delivery device, a methanogenesis phase, an acidogenic phase and a first constant-temperature water bath, wherein a cyclic heating coil, an overflow weir and a thermocouple are arranged inside the methanogenesis phase, and the cyclic heating coil is connected with the constant-temperature water delivery device; the acidogenic phase is placed in the constant-temperature water bath, and a porous plate is arranged at the bottom of the acidogenic phase; the acidogenic phase is connected with an aerogenesis phase through a guide pipe, an acidogenic phase digestive juice return port communicates with a methanogenesis phase overflow port, and an acidogenic phase discharge port communicates with a methanogenesis phase feed port. The device accelerates the microbial activity of the acidogenic phase and the methanogenesis phase through digestive juice return, self-circulation, filler adding and arrangement of the overflow weir, the quantity of microorganisms of the acidogenic phase is increased, and an environment which is more suitable for survival of the microorganisms is created; the biogas generation efficiency of the device is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to stalk fermentation technology, be specifically related to a kind of straw diphasic anaerobic installation for fermenting and utilization should
The fermentation process of device.
Background technology
China is one of large agricultural country, and 20 recorded before the seventies, and agricultural stalk is mainly used as life fuel and big
The feedstuff of domestic animal, along with China's rural economy and the development of agricultural cience and farming techniques, the living standard of peasant constantly carries
Height, most areas begin to Open Burning Crop Residue phenomenon occur, and increasingly severe.Large area crop straw burning is not
Only cause serious problem of environmental pollution, affect visibility, and waste the living resources of preciousness, become
For the social and environmental problems causing the public to pay close attention to.
Anaerobic fermentation is to utilize the waste resources such as straw to carry out fermentation methane production, and the biogas of generation is as man of peasant household day
Often fuel uses so that resource is effectively used.Anaerobic fermentation can be divided into integral type and two kinds of skills of two formulas
Art approach, the whole sweat of integral anaerobic fermentation is all carried out, in Chinese countryside in same reactor
The domestic methane tank being widely present typically takes integral anaerobic to ferment, but integral anaerobic fermentation also exists very
Many problems.Such as raw material crust blocking gas outlet, fermenting raw materials is uneven, and factor of created gase is low waits great number of issues.Two
Phase formula anaerobic fermentation is from being spatially separated by acid process and gas generation process, have straw crust blocking venthole with
And the advantage such as uneven of fermenting, widely promoted in recent years.
But diphasic anaerobic fermentation there is also the bottleneck of development: 1, produces acid and has the most just started the acidifying solution that hydrolysis produces
Middle beneficial microbe is more, is transported directly to methane phase and meets and make product acid phase micro organism quantity greatly reduce, leads
Cause percent hydrolysis is relatively low；2, the acid of raw material input product carries out acidogenic fermentation mutually, and acidifying solution is when product acid is flowed out mutually
Easily produce blocking and cause circulating the most smooth；3, the Digestive system that methanogenic phase produces is back to produce acid phase time and can produce
Digestive system density unevenness so that a large amount of acid contained in a part of Digestive system are not just back to by the digestion of methane flora
Produce acid phase, affect the yield of biogas；4, methanogenic phase needs strict anaerobic environment, it is carried out inside and adds
The operation majority of heat uses heating rod heating, and the shortcoming that this method exists has 2 points: one is that heating rod heating makes
Local temperature is too high, heating inequality, and two is maintenance difficulty, opens detesting of methanogenic phase of maintenance meeting heavy damage
Oxygen environment, reduces the digestion activity of anaerobic sludge；5, the microorganism in activated sludge and acidifying solution contact surface
Long-pending less.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the deficiency existed for prior art, the present invention provides a kind of straw improving and producing natural pond efficiency
Diphasic anaerobic installation for fermenting, another object of the present invention provides a kind of fermentation process utilizing this device.
Technical scheme: a kind of straw diphasic anaerobic installation for fermenting as described herein, it is characterised in that: include perseverance
Temperature water delivery device, methanogenic phase, product acid phase, the first constant water bath box；Wherein, set inside described methanogenic phase
Have circulating-heating coil pipe, downflow weir, thermocouple, circulating-heating coil pipe to be positioned at below downflow weir to fill with constant temperature water delivery
Putting connection, methanogenic phase overfall is positioned at the position higher than downflow weir, the side of methanogenic phase, and methanogenic phase feeds
Mouth is positioned at the bottom of methanogenic phase, and methanogenic phase top cover plate arranges for sealing and is provided with venthole；Described product acid
Being placed in mutually in the first constant water bath box, bottom is provided with porous plate, and the side that product acid phase discharging opening is located at product acid phase is low
In the position of porous plate, produce acid phase refluxing opening and be located at product acid phase top, produce acid phase top cover plate and arrange also for sealing
It is provided with venthole；Described acid phase of producing is connected by conduit with methanogenic phase, produces acid phase discharging opening and methanogenic phase charging
Mouth is connected by the second conduit with producing acid phase refluxing opening by the first conduit connection, methanogenic phase overfall, the first conduit
With second have the 3rd conduit between conduit, conduit is provided with the first valve, the second valve, the 3rd valve,
One pump.
Further, described constant temperature water delivery device includes the second constant water bath box and the second pump, circulating-heating coil pipe
It is connected with constant temperature water delivery device by conduit, circulating hot water is pumped into circulating-heating coil pipe in methanogenic phase.Cycling hot
The mode of heating of coil pipe, solves heating rod internal heating local temperature too high, the drawback that heating is uneven so that right
The homogeneous heating of methanogenic phase, aerogenesis is stable.
Further, described downflow weir indentation and level are consistent.Jagged downflow weir can preferably make
Mud remains, the loss of the methanogenic phase mud during minimizing acid cycle.
Further, the conduit that described product acid is connected by conduit with methanogenic phase mutually is flexible catheter.
Further, it is filled with multiaspect ball filler in described methanogenic phase；The spherical packing volume of multiaspect is fluffy to be accounted for
The 15-20% of methanogenic phase volume.Fill multiaspect ball filler, microorganism bond area can be increased, simultaneously
Mud can be retained.
Further, described methanogenic phase is contained within activated sludge, accounts for the 30-40% of methanogenic phase volume.
Further, described methanogenic phase top cover plate and product acid phase top cover plate glass cement seal, and pass through
Flange circle is connected with the can body of methanogenic phase and product acid phase.
A kind of fermentation process utilizing straw diphasic anaerobic installation for fermenting, comprises the steps:
(1) using organic solid castoff as fermentation raw material put into produce acid phase, utilize biogas slurry as fermentation liquid,
Produce acid phase (3) temperature to control at 33 DEG C～37 DEG C；
(2) produce acid add mutually substrate completes after continuous with biogas slurry self-loopa 5-7 days i.e.: open the first valve and the
Two valves, close the 3rd valve, and acidifying solution is by producing acid phase discharging opening by the first pump through the 3rd conduit and second
Conduit is delivered up, and flows back to from producing acid phase refluxing opening；
(3) self-loopa terminates to close the first valve and the second valve afterwards, open the 3rd valve, produces acid mutually sour
Change liquid and flow out from producing acid phase discharging opening, flow into methanogenic phase from methanogenic phase charging aperture, carry out anaerobic digestion,
Producing Digestive system constantly accumulating, liquid level i.e. flow to product acid from methanogenic phase discharging opening higher than downflow weir and returns mutually by the time
Head piece, runs 28-30 days continuously, and the temperature of methanogenic phase is controlled by circulating-heating coil pipe and thermocouple.
Further, the feeding manner of organic solid castoff described in step (1) is that nylon wire parcel is the most whole
Body is placed into producing acid phase.It is possible to prevent raw material blocking to produce acid phase discharging by nylon wire parcel organic solid castoff
Mouthful.
Further, the circulating-heating coil pipe described in step (3) and thermocouple are by temperature control in methanogenic phase
System is at 34 DEG C-35 DEG C.Use cycling hot coil pipe and the temperature control method of thermocouple so that temperature in whole methanogenic phase
Spending more stable, homogeneous heating, aerogenesis is stable, and this temperature is more suitable for the existence of microorganism.
Operation principle: a kind of straw diphasic anaerobic installation for fermenting of the present invention, produces acid at thermostat water bath
Under heating, acidifying solution flows through perforated baffle and flows out from producing acid phase discharging opening, closes valve 3 acidifying solution work at pump
It is back to again produce in acid mutually through the second valve, the first valve and product acid phase refluxing opening by flexible catheter with lower, makes
Its self-loopa；Close the second valve, the first valve acidifying solution under the effect of pump through the 3rd valve, methane phase
Phase charging aperture flows into methanogenic phase, under the temperature control of circulating-heating coil pipe and thermocouple, Digestive system in methanogenic phase
Constantly accumulation waits until that liquid level is higher than downflow weir and flow to produce acid phase refluxing opening from methanogenic phase discharging opening, runs continuously.
Beneficial effect: compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the current invention that: this diphasic anaerobic installation for fermenting passes through
Self-loopa makes microorganism be uniformly distributed in producing acid phase system, produces micro organism quantity in acid mutually and is greatly increased, promotes
Further acid process；Use the mode of heating of cycling hot coil pipe so that the homogeneous heating to methanogenic phase,
Aerogenesis is stable；Being provided with downflow weir makes the mud in methanogenic phase more remain, and reduces acid cycle mistake
The loss of the methanogenic phase mud in journey and make Digestive system be back to uniformly produce acid phase；Producing bottom acid mutually
Arranging porous plate, organic solid castoff is by making raw material will not block product acid phase discharging opening with nylon wire parcel；
Methanogenic phase is filled activated sludge and multiaspect ball filler, increases the bond area of microorganism；The present invention's
Straw diphasic anaerobic installation for fermenting passes through Digestive system backflow, self-loopa, increase filler, arranges downflow weir promotion product
Acid mutually and methanogenic phase microbial activity, increases the quantity producing acid phase microorganism, creates its existence preferably
Environment；These advantages make this device product natural pond efficiency be greatly improved.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is straw diphasic anaerobic installation for fermenting structural representation.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment, it is further elucidated with the present invention.
Embodiment 1
As it is shown in figure 1, a kind of straw diphasic anaerobic installation for fermenting, this device by produce acid mutually 3, methanogenic phase 2,
To producing acid 3 the first constant water bath box 5 heated mutually, and methanogenic phase 2 is carried out the constant temperature water delivery dress of temperature control
Put 1；Wherein, in methanogenic phase 2, inside is provided with circulating-heating coil pipe 2-3, downflow weir 2-4, thermocouple 2-1,
Circulating-heating coil pipe 2-3 is positioned at below downflow weir 2-4 and is connected with constant temperature water delivery device 1, by the second pump 1-2
In in constant temperature water delivery device 1, the circulating hot water of the second constant water bath box pumps into methanogenic phase 2；Methanogenic phase overflows
Head piece 2-6 is positioned at the position above the right side of methanogenic phase 2 higher than downflow weir 2-4, methanogenic phase charging aperture 2-5
It is positioned at the bottom of methanogenic phase 2, methanogenic phase 2 top cover plate has venthole 2-2, and is equipped with for inserting
Enter the aperture of thermocouple 2-1 and for connecting the aperture of circulating-heating coil pipe 2-3 export and import, use glass cement
Methanogenic phase 2 top cover plate is sealed, and in methanogenic phase 2 top cover plate and methanogenic phase 2 can body
Between with flange circle connect.
Product acid 3 water-baths mutually, in the first constant water bath box 5, are produced and are provided with porous plate 3-2 bottom acid phase 3, produce acid
Phase discharging opening 3-4 is located at the lower left quarter producing acid phase 3
Seal and arrange and be provided with venthole 3-1, seal producing acid 3 top cover plates mutually with glass cement, and produce acid
Connect with flange circle in the middle of 3 top cover plates and product acid 3 can bodies mutually mutually, produce sour phase refluxing opening (3-3) and be located at product
Acid 3 tops mutually.
Produce acid phase 3 and aerogenesis phase 2 is connected by flexible catheter 4, acid phase discharging opening 3-4 and methanogenic phase charging will be produced
Mouthful 2-5 connect by the first flexible catheter 4-7, methanogenic phase discharging opening 2-6 phase refluxing opening 3-3 sour with product be by second
Flexible catheter 4-5 connects, by the 3rd flexible catheter 4-6 connection between the first flexible catheter 4-7 and the second flexible catheter 4-5,
Be provided with the 3rd valve 4-3 and the first pump 4-4 on first flexible catheter 4-7, the second flexible catheter 4-5 is provided with first
It is provided with the second valve 4-2 on valve 4-1, the 3rd flexible catheter 4-6.
Embodiment 2
A kind of fermentation process utilizing straw diphasic anaerobic installation for fermenting, this method uses batch charging, will send out
Ferment raw material is mixed evenly loading nylon wire and puts into and produce acid mutually in 3, is simultaneously introduced biogas slurry as fermentation liquid, afterwards will
Producing and seal with glass cement on acid 3 lid lids mutually, product acid 3 can bodies mutually and top cover plate usage orchid circle connect to be used
To seal, 3 water-baths are in constant water bath box 5 mutually to produce acid, and temperature controls at 33 DEG C, permanent during the fermentation
Liquid level in warm water bath cabinet 5 is higher than product acid 3 tank levels mutually；Produce along with the carrying out of fermentation produces acid 3 fermentations mutually
Raw acidifying solution penetrates into from porous plate 3-2 and produces acid phase pot bottom, thus flows out from producing acid phase discharging opening 3-4, the phase
Between by the 3rd valve 4-3 close, open the first valve 4-1, the second valve 4-2, under the first pump 4-4 effect
Acidifying solution is by producing acid phase discharging opening 3-4 through the 3rd flexible catheter 4-6 and the second flexible catheter 4-5 from producing acid phase refluxing opening
3-3 flows back to carry out the sour phase self-loopa of product so that producing microbial profile in acid mutually uniformly, increases in product acid mutually micro-
Biomass, continuous fermentation is after 5 days, in time producing acid acidifying solution concentration reaches peak in 3 mutually, closes second
Valve 4-2, the first valve 4-1, open the 3rd valve 4-3 by the acidifying solution that produces in acid mutually by the first pump 4-4
From produce acid phase discharging opening 3-4 be delivered to methanogenic phase charging aperture 2-5, acidifying solution bottom activated sludge from down to
On start penetrate into, when such mode increases the contact area of acidifying solution and Microbial Communities in Activated Sludge and contacts
Between.
In methanogenic phase 2 rich in methane flora acidifying solution will be utilized to carry out metabolism, constantly will acidifying
Liquid is converted into the Digestive system that autophage is crossed, and produces substantial amounts of methane, along with the constantly conveying of acidifying solution makes to produce
Liquid level in methane phase tank constantly raises, when exceeding downflow weir, and the Digestive system of spilling overflowing from methanogenic phase 2
Head piece 2-6 flows out, and is back to produce acid phase refluxing opening 3-3, runs 28 days continuously, circulating-heating during methane phase
Coil pipe 2-3 and thermocouple 2-1 makes the temperature of methanogenic phase 2 maintain 34 DEG C, carries out stable heating.
Embodiment 3
A kind of fermentation process utilizing straw diphasic anaerobic installation for fermenting, this method uses batch charging, will send out
Ferment raw material is mixed evenly loading nylon wire and puts into and produce acid mutually in 3, is simultaneously introduced biogas slurry as fermentation liquid, afterwards will
Producing and seal with glass cement on acid 3 lid lids mutually, product acid 3 can bodies mutually and top cover plate usage orchid circle connect to be used
To seal, 3 water-baths are in constant water bath box 5 mutually to produce acid, and temperature controls at 37 DEG C, permanent during the fermentation
Liquid level in warm water bath cabinet 5 is higher than product acid 3 tank levels mutually；Produce along with the carrying out of fermentation produces acid 3 fermentations mutually
Raw acidifying solution penetrates into from porous plate 3-2 and produces acid phase pot bottom, thus flows out from producing acid phase discharging opening 3-4, the phase
Between by the 3rd valve 4-3 close, open the first valve 4-1, the second valve 4-2, under the first pump 4-4 effect
Acidifying solution is by producing acid phase discharging opening 3-4 through the 3rd flexible catheter 4-6 and the second flexible catheter 4-5 from producing acid phase refluxing opening
3-3 flows back to carry out the sour phase self-loopa of product so that producing microbial profile in acid mutually uniformly, increases in product acid mutually micro-
Biomass, continuous fermentation is after 7 days, in time producing acid acidifying solution concentration reaches peak in 3 mutually, closes second
Valve 4-2, the first valve 4-1, open the 3rd valve 4-3 by the acidifying solution that produces in acid mutually by the first pump 4-4
From produce acid phase discharging opening 3-4 be delivered to methanogenic phase charging aperture 2-5, acidifying solution bottom activated sludge from down to
On start penetrate into, when such mode increases the contact area of acidifying solution and Microbial Communities in Activated Sludge and contacts
Between.
In methanogenic phase 2 rich in methane flora acidifying solution will be utilized to carry out metabolism, constantly will acidifying
Liquid is converted into the Digestive system that autophage is crossed, and produces substantial amounts of methane, along with the constantly conveying of acidifying solution makes to produce
Liquid level in methane phase tank constantly raises, when exceeding downflow weir, and the Digestive system of spilling overflowing from methanogenic phase 2
Head piece 2-6 flows out, and is back to produce acid phase refluxing opening 3-3, runs 30 days continuously, circulating-heating during methane phase
Coil pipe 2-3 and thermocouple 2-1 makes the temperature of methanogenic phase 2 maintain 35 DEG C, carries out stable heating.
Mutually and methanogenic phase is from being spatially separated out by product acid for the present invention, builds suitable acid-producing bacteria group and product respectively
The environment that methane backeria all living creatures lives: 1.) in producing acid mutually: produce the organic solid castoff nylon wire added in acid mutually
Parcel is placed on and produces on the perforated baffle set bottom acid mutually, solves raw material blocking and produces acid phase discharging opening；Acidifying solution is sent out
Within before ferment 5-7 days, carry out self-loopa, make microorganism be evenly distributed in producing acid phase system, increase and produce micro-life in acid mutually
The quantity of thing, preferably maintains product acid environment；2.) in methanogenic phase: methanogenic phase is filled activated sludge
And multiaspect ball filler, increase microorganism bond area, mud can be retained simultaneously；Methanogenic phase top sets
There is downflow weir so that the mud in methanogenic phase remains and make Digestive system to be back to uniformly produce acid phase；
The internal mode of heating of methanogenic phase uses cycling hot coil pipe mode of heating, heats methanogenic phase equably.
This diphasic anaerobic installation for fermenting passes through Digestive system backflow, self-loopa, increase filler, arranges downflow weir and respectively facilitates
Produce acid phase and methanogenic phase microbial activity, create environment of its existence preferably；These advantages make this set
Device produces natural pond efficiency and is greatly improved.
Above-mentioned embodiment is preferrred embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by described reality
Execute the restriction of example, the change made under other any spirit without departing from the present invention and principle, modify, replace
In generation, combine, simplify, all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a straw diphasic anaerobic installation for fermenting, it is characterised in that: include constant temperature water delivery device (1), produce
Methane phase (2), product acid phase (3), the first constant water bath box (5)；Wherein, in described methanogenic phase (2)
Portion is provided with circulating-heating coil pipe (2-3), downflow weir (2-4), thermocouple (2-1), circulating-heating coil pipe (2-3)
Being positioned at downflow weir (2-4) lower section to be connected with constant temperature water delivery device (1), methanogenic phase overfall (2-6) is positioned at product
The side of methane phase (2) is higher than the position of downflow weir (2-4), and methanogenic phase charging aperture (2-5) is positioned at methane phase
The bottom of phase (2), methanogenic phase (2) top cover plate arranges for sealing and is provided with venthole (2-2)；Described
Producing acid phase (3) to be placed in the first constant water bath box, bottom is provided with porous plate (3-2), produces acid phase discharging opening (3-4)
It is located at the side producing acid phase (3) to be located at less than the position of porous plate (3-2), product acid phase refluxing opening (3-3)
Produce acid phase (3) top, produce acid phase (3) top cover plate and arrange for sealing and be provided with venthole (3-1)；Described
Produce acid phase (3) and methanogenic phase (2) to be connected by conduit (4), produce acid phase discharging opening (3-4) and methane phase
Phase charging aperture (2-5) is connected by the first conduit (4-7), methanogenic phase overfall (2-6) refluxes mutually with producing acid
Mouth (3-3) is connected by the second conduit (4-5), has between the first conduit (4-7) and the second conduit (4-5)
3rd conduit (4-6), conduit (4) is provided with the first valve (4-1), the second valve (4-2), the 3rd valve
Door (4-3), the first pump (4-4).
Straw diphasic anaerobic installation for fermenting the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described constant temperature
Water delivery device (1) includes the second constant water bath box and the second pump (1-2), and circulating-heating coil pipe (2-3) is by leading
Pipe is connected with constant temperature water delivery device (1), and circulating hot water pumps into circulating-heating coil pipe (2-3) in methanogenic phase (2).
Straw diphasic anaerobic installation for fermenting the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: described
Downflow weir (2-4) indentation and level are consistent.
Straw diphasic anaerobic installation for fermenting the most according to claim 1 and 2, described product acid phase (2) and
The conduit (4) that methanogenic phase (2) is connected by conduit (4) is flexible catheter.
Straw diphasic anaerobic installation for fermenting the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: described
Methanogenic phase is filled with multiaspect ball filler in (2)；The spherical packing volume of multiaspect is fluffy accounts for methanogenic phase volume
15-20%.
Straw diphasic anaerobic installation for fermenting the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: described
Methanogenic phase (2) is contained within activated sludge, accounts for the 30-40% of methanogenic phase volume.
Straw diphasic anaerobic installation for fermenting the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described product first
Alkane phase (2) top cover plate and product acid phase (3) top cover plate glass cement seal, and by flange circle and product first
The can body of alkane phase (2) and product acid phase (3) connects.
8. the fermentation process utilizing straw diphasic anaerobic installation for fermenting, it is characterised in that include walking as follows
Rapid:
(1) organic solid castoff is put into product acid phase (3) as fermentation raw material, utilize biogas slurry as fermentation
Liquid, produces acid phase (3) temperature and controls at 33 DEG C～37 DEG C；
(2) produce acid phase (3) add substrate completes after continuous with biogas slurry self-loopa 5-7 days i.e.: open the first valve
Door (4-1) and the second valve (4-2), close the 3rd valve (4-3), and acidifying solution is by producing acid phase discharging opening (3-4)
It is delivered up through the 3rd conduit (4-6) and the second conduit (4-5) by the first pump (4-4), and from producing acid phase
Refluxing opening (3-3) flows back to；
(3) self-loopa terminates to close the first valve (4-1) and the second valve (4-2) afterwards, open the 3rd valve
Door (4-3), produces acid phase acidifying solution and flows out, from methanogenic phase charging aperture (2-5) from producing acid phase discharging opening (3-4)
Flowing into methanogenic phase (2), carry out anaerobic digestion, produce Digestive system and constantly accumulate, liquid level is higher than overflow by the time
Weir (2-4) i.e. flow to produce acid phase refluxing opening (3-3) from methanogenic phase discharging opening (2-6), runs 28-30 continuously
My god, the temperature of methanogenic phase (2) is controlled by circulating-heating coil pipe (2-3) and thermocouple (2-1).
Fermentation process the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: organic solid described in step (1)
The feeding manner of body garbage is that nylon wire wraps up entirety again and is placed into producing acid phase (3).
Fermentation process the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: following described in step (3)
Methanogenic phase (2) interior temperature is controlled at 34 DEG C-35 DEG C by ring heating coil (2-3) and thermocouple (2-1).
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