CN107815405B - Device and method for producing methane through two-phase anaerobic fermentation of yellow-stored straws - Google Patents
Device and method for producing methane through two-phase anaerobic fermentation of yellow-stored straws Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fermentation methanogenesis, in particular to a two-phase anaerobic fermentation methanogenesis device for yellow storage straw, which comprises the following components: the device comprises an acid production tank, a premixing cabin and a methane production tank, wherein the lower end of the acid production tank is connected with the upper end of the premixing cabin, the lower end of the premixing cabin is connected with the upper end of the methane production tank, and water bath jackets are arranged on the outer layers of the acid production tank and the methane production tank; the premixing cabin is a spherical cabin body, and is provided with an alkali liquor adding valve, an acid liquor adding valve, a water adding valve, an inoculum adding port, a PH meter and a discharge port; the dynamic research of the acetic acid production process and the methane production process is enabled to be possible, the temperatures of the acid production tank and the methane production tank can be controlled, the influence of the microbial community change on the fermentation efficiency under the dynamic temperature change can be realized, the fermentation process can be researched under fixed parameters, and meanwhile, the influence of the parameter dynamic change process on the fermentation can be realized by dynamically controlling the addition amount of various reagents.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fermentation methane production, in particular to a device and a method for producing methane by two-phase anaerobic fermentation of yellow-stored straws.
Background
The yellow silage is a straw feed fermentation method relative to silage, dry straw is used as a raw material, fermentation is carried out by adding proper amount of water and biological bacteria, and anaerobic fermentation comprises the following steps: the method comprises a hydrolysis acidification stage, a hydrogen production and acetic acid production stage and a methane production stage, wherein the three stages have no obvious limit, on the basis of comprehensively analyzing anaerobic fermentation mechanisms in the process of taking yellow-stored straws as fermentation raw materials, analysis of dynamic change rules of microbial communities in the two-stage dry anaerobic digestion process is developed according to the ideas of phase separation, improved fermentation systems and operation process optimization, the change rules of microorganisms in the hydrolysis acidification phase and the methane production phase are researched, the change rules of parameters such as c/n, pH value, temperature and solid content in the dry anaerobic digestion process based on the change rules are researched, so that the dry anaerobic digestion technology is optimized, reference is provided for application of the dry straw anaerobic fermentation large-scale biogas engineering in northern China, and experimental devices aiming at the two anaerobic fermentation methane production devices of yellow-stored straws are lacking in the research process, so that dynamic control and sampling analysis of variables in the experimental process can not be carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a device and a method for producing methane by two-phase anaerobic fermentation of yellow-stored straws.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a two-phase anaerobic fermentation methanogenic apparatus for silage straw, comprising: the device comprises an acid production tank, a premixing cabin and a methane production tank, wherein the lower end of the acid production tank is connected with the upper end of the premixing cabin, the lower end of the premixing cabin is connected with the upper end of the methane production tank, water bath jackets are arranged on the outer layers of the acid production tank and the methane production tank, a water bath inlet and a water bath outlet are arranged on the two sides of the water bath jackets relatively, and the water bath inlet is higher than the water bath outlet; the upper end of the acid production tank is provided with an acid tank feed inlet and an acid tank exhaust outlet; the premixing cabin is a spherical cabin body, and is provided with an alkali liquor adding valve, an acid liquor adding valve, a water adding valve, an inoculum adding port, a PH meter and a discharge port; the upper end of the methane generating tank is provided with a methane tank exhaust port, and the lower end of the methane generating tank is provided with a methane tank discharge port.
Further, the acid tank feed inlet and the methane tank discharge outlet are both provided with flange plates.
Further, the alkali liquor adding valve and the acid liquor adding valve are both arranged on the upper hemispherical side wall of the spherical cabin body of the premixing cabin, the inoculum adding port and the water adding port are both arranged at the middle equatorial line position of the spherical cabin body of the premixing cabin, and the discharge port is arranged on the lower hemispherical side wall of the spherical cabin body of the premixing cabin.
Further, the acid producing tank and the methane producing tank are both provided with a support frame.
A two-phase anaerobic fermentation methane production method for yellow stored straws comprises the following steps:
step a: the traditional two-phase anaerobic fermentation methane production process of the yellow storage straw is divided into two parts, wherein one part is used for producing acetic acid, and the other part is used for producing methane;
step b: directly acidifying untreated yellow storage straws, mixing the yellow storage straws with an inoculum, and continuously fermenting for several days;
step c: after acidification is completed, ca (OH) is adopted 2 The acidized solution is subjected to pH value modulation;
step d: mixing the solution prepared in the step c with methane bacteria inoculums, and adding water to prepare the concentration of a methane phase and the uniformity of materials;
step e: gradually adding the solution prepared in the step c every day after the volatile solids of the methane inoculum are consumed after the methane gas production peak is finished;
step f: the change in the volatile fatty acids VFA in the fermentation broth after the addition of the fixed amounts of the feedstock to the portion for acetic acid production and the portion for methane production, respectively, in step a was measured to determine the feed period.
Further, in the step b, the value of the oxidation-reduction potential Eh is less than +50mv, and the temperature is 35 ℃.
Further, in the step c, the PH of the acidified solution is adjusted to ph=7±0.3.
Further, in the step d, the ph=7±0.3 of the solution after mixing is maintained.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1) The invention comprises an acid producing tank, a premixing cabin and a methane producing tank, wherein the lower end of the acid producing tank is connected with the premixing cabin, the lower end of the premixing cabin is connected with the methane producing tank, the traditional anaerobic fermentation is divided into two parts, one is mainly used for producing acetic acid, and the other is mainly used for producing methane, so that the dynamic research of the acetic acid producing process and the methane producing process is possible, and meanwhile, the upper, middle and lower three layers are arranged, thereby being convenient for mixing the fermented product and simultaneously being beneficial to sampling analysis of the three parts.
2) According to the invention, the outer layers of the acid production tank and the methane production tank are respectively provided with the water bath jacket clamps, and meanwhile, each water bath jacket clamp is independently provided with the inlet and the outlet, so that the temperature of the acid production tank and the methane production tank can be controlled in the experimental process, and the method is different from the existing research under the fixed temperature, and can realize the influence of a microbial community on fermentation efficiency under the dynamic temperature change.
3) The premixing cabin is a spherical cabin body, and is provided with an alkali liquor adding valve, an acid liquor adding valve, a water adding valve, an inoculum adding port, a PH meter and a discharge port, the spherical cabin body accords with the motion rule of fluid, the mixing is convenient, and meanwhile, various reagent adding ports are arranged on the cabin body, so that the fermentation process can be studied under fixed parameters, and meanwhile, the influence of the parameter dynamic change process on the fermentation can be achieved by dynamically controlling the adding amount of various reagents.
4) The methane production method forms a continuous and stable fermentation process by determining the feeding period, provides possibility for connection of fermentation experiment processes, and provides parameter basis for experiments by collecting parameters for methane yield in each period.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a two-phase anaerobic fermentation methane-generating device for yellow-stored straws;
in the figure: 1-an acid production tank; 2-premixing cabin; 3-methanogenic tank; 4-water bath jacket clamping; 5-a support; 11-acid tank feed inlet; 12-an acid tank exhaust port; 21-an alkali liquor adding valve; 22-an acid liquor adding valve; 23-a water addition valve; 24-inoculum addition port; 25-PH meter; 26-a discharge hole; 31-methane tank exhaust; 32-a methane tank discharge port; 41-water bath inlet; 42-Water bath Outlet
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings:
the first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, the embodiment discloses a two-phase anaerobic fermentation methane-generating device for yellow-stored straws, which takes yellow-stored straws as fermentation raw materials, and comprises: the device comprises an acid production tank 1, a premixing cabin 2 and a methane production tank 3, wherein the volumes of the acid production tank 1 and the methane production tank 3 are 20L, the acid production tank 1 is mainly used for producing acetic acid, the methane production tank 3 is mainly used for producing methane, the lower end of the acid production tank 1 is connected with the upper end of the premixing cabin 2, the lower end of the premixing cabin 2 is connected with the upper end of the methane production tank 3, the outer layers of the acid production tank 1 and the methane production tank 3 are respectively provided with a water bath jacket 4, two sides of the water bath jacket 4 are oppositely provided with a water bath inlet 41 and a water bath outlet 42, and the water bath inlet 41 is higher than the water bath outlet 42; the upper end of the acid production tank 1 is provided with an acid tank feed inlet 11 and an acid tank exhaust outlet 12; the premixing cabin 2 is a spherical cabin body, due to the advantages of spheres in hydrodynamics, the premixing cabin 2 is convenient for fully mixing raw materials and increasing fluidity, help is provided for rapid mixing of reagents added in experiments, experimental errors caused by uneven mixing are avoided, an alkali liquor adding valve 21, an acid liquor adding valve 22, a water adding valve 23, an inoculum adding port 24, a PH meter 25 and a discharge port 26 are arranged on the premixing cabin 2, the discharge port 26 is used for outputting redundant feed liquor and experimental analysis, the condition that the PH of straw after the yellow storage pretreatment is just suitable for acidification conditions is proved to be about 4.0, compared with the singular raw materials, pretreatment and post-treatment cost is saved, the acid liquor adding valve 22 and the alkali liquor adding valve 21 are used for adding acid and alkali so as to adjust the PH value of the raw materials, dynamic change control of the PH value is finished, the PH meter 25 is used for detecting the PH value of the materials, a signal can be transmitted to a control system in a fixed PH value study, and the current PH value can be fed back in time by controlling the acid and alkali adding valve after the control system receives the signal; the upper end of the methane tank 3 is provided with a methane tank exhaust port 31, and the lower end of the methane tank 3 is provided with a methane tank discharge port 32.
Specifically, the acid tank feed port 11 and the methane tank discharge port 32 are both provided with flanges for sealing the openings.
Specifically, the alkali liquor adding valve 21 and the acid liquor adding valve 22 are both arranged on the upper hemispherical side wall of the spherical cabin body of the premixing cabin 2, acid-base additives are added from top to bottom, the additives are convenient to diffuse above the liquid level, the inoculum adding port 24 and the water adding port 23 are both arranged at the middle equatorial line position of the spherical cabin body of the premixing cabin 2, so that the inoculum and the water are directly fed into the middle position of the liquid, the rapid calculation of the inoculum and the guarantee of the dilution uniformity degree of the water are facilitated, and the discharge port 26 is arranged on the lower spherical side wall of the spherical cabin body of the premixing cabin 2.
Specifically, all be provided with support 5 on producing sour jar 1 and the methane jar 3 for the device is stable, and the equal altitude operation of the experimenter of being convenient for avoids taking place the accident.
The second embodiment is as follows:
the embodiment provides a method for producing methane by two-phase anaerobic fermentation of yellow-stored straws for continuous and stable fermentation experiments, which comprises the following steps:
step a: the traditional two-phase anaerobic fermentation methane production process of the yellow storage straw is divided into two parts, wherein one part is used for producing acetic acid and the other part is used for realizing the conditions of producing caproic acid: the oxidation-reduction potential Eh is less than +50mv; the PH value is 4.5 plus or minus 0.2, the PH is reduced, and the propionic acid is increased; the microorganism is mainly anaerobic and facultative bacteria acidogenic bacteria and hydrolytic bacteria, and adopts a normal-temperature facultative anaerobic fermentation process, and the other part is used for producing methane and realizing conditions of a methane producing phase: strictly anaerobic, methanogenic flora, pH value of 7+/-0.3, and anaerobic fermentation process at high temperature of 55 degrees centigrade;
step b: directly acidifying untreated yellow storage straws, adding 12L of straws into an acidification tank, adding 3L of inoculant for mixing, and continuously fermenting for several days;
step (a)c: after acidification is completed, ca (OH) is adopted 2 The acidized solution is subjected to pH value modulation;
step d: mixing the solution prepared in the step c with methane bacteria inoculums, and adding water to prepare the concentration of a methane phase and the uniformity of materials;
step e: gradually adding the solution prepared in the step c every day after the volatile solids of the methane inoculum are consumed after the methane gas production peak is finished;
step f: the change of the volatile fatty acids VFA in the fermentation broth after the addition of 1kg of the feedstock to the portion for acetic acid production and the portion for methane production in step a, respectively, was measured, the feeding period was determined, and the two reactors were fed with the period determined by the installation experiment.
Specifically, in the step b, the value of the oxidation-reduction potential Eh is less than +50mv, and the temperature is 35 ℃.
Specifically, in the step c, the PH of the acidified solution is adjusted to ph=7±0.3.
Specifically, in the step d, the ph=7±0.3 of the solution after mixing is maintained.
The above embodiments are only illustrative of the present patent and do not limit the protection scope thereof, and those skilled in the art can also change the parts thereof, which are within the protection scope of the present patent without exceeding the spirit of the present patent.
Claims (7)
1. The two-phase anaerobic fermentation methane production method for the yellow-stored straws is realized based on a two-phase anaerobic fermentation methane production device for the yellow-stored straws, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step a: the traditional two-phase anaerobic fermentation methane production process of the yellow storage straw is divided into two parts, wherein one part is used for producing acetic acid, and the other part is used for producing methane;
step b: directly acidifying untreated yellow storage straws, mixing the yellow storage straws with an inoculum, and continuously fermenting for several days;
step c: after acidification is completed, ca (OH) is adopted 2 The acidized solution is subjected to pH value modulation;
step d: mixing the solution prepared in the step c with methane bacteria inoculums, and adding water to prepare the concentration of a methane phase and the uniformity of materials;
step e: gradually adding the solution prepared in the step c every day after the volatile solids of the methane inoculum are consumed after the methane gas production peak is finished;
step f: determining the change of the volatile fatty acid VFA in the fermentation liquid after the part for producing acetic acid and the part for producing methane in the step a are respectively added with a fixed amount of raw materials, and determining the feeding period;
a two-phase anaerobic fermentation methanogenic apparatus for silage straw, comprising: the acid production tank (1), the premixing cabin (2) and the methane production tank (3), wherein the lower end of the acid production tank (1) is connected with the upper end of the premixing cabin (2), the lower end of the premixing cabin (2) is connected with the upper end of the methane production tank (3), the outer layers of the acid production tank (1) and the methane production tank (3) are respectively provided with a water bath jacket (4), two sides of the water bath jacket (4) are oppositely provided with a water bath inlet (41) and a water bath outlet (42), and the water bath inlet (41) is higher than the water bath outlet (42); the upper end of the acid production tank (1) is provided with an acid tank feed inlet (11) and an acid tank exhaust outlet (12); the premixing cabin (2) is a spherical cabin body, and an alkali liquor adding valve (21), an acid liquor adding valve (22), a water adding valve (23), an inoculum adding port (24), a PH meter (25) and a discharge port (26) are arranged on the premixing cabin (2); the upper end of the methane generating tank (3) is provided with a methane tank exhaust port (31), and the lower end of the methane generating tank (3) is provided with a methane tank discharge port (32).
2. The method for producing methane by two-phase anaerobic fermentation of yellow-stored straws according to claim 1, wherein the acid tank feed port (11) and the methane tank discharge port (32) are provided with flanges.
3. The method for producing methane by two-phase anaerobic fermentation of yellow-stored straws according to claim 1, wherein the alkali liquor adding valve (21) and the acid liquor adding valve (22) are arranged on the upper hemispherical side wall of the spherical cabin body of the premixing cabin (2), the inoculum adding port (24) and the water adding valve (23) are arranged at the middle equatorial line position of the spherical cabin body of the premixing cabin (2), and the discharge port (26) is arranged on the lower hemispherical side wall of the spherical cabin body of the premixing cabin (2).
4. The method for producing methane by two-phase anaerobic fermentation of yellow-stored straws according to claim 1, wherein the acid producing tank (1) and the methane producing tank (3) are provided with a supporting frame (5).
5. The method for producing methane by two-phase anaerobic fermentation of silage straw according to claim 1, wherein in the step b, the oxidation-reduction potential Eh value is below +50mv, and the temperature is 35 ℃.
6. The method for producing methane by two-phase anaerobic fermentation of yellow-stored straws according to claim 1, wherein in the step c, the pH value of the acidified solution is regulated to be PH=7+/-0.3.
7. The method for producing methane by two-phase anaerobic fermentation of yellow-stored straws according to claim 1, wherein in the step d, the PH=7±0.3 of the mixed solution is maintained.
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| pH值调控对秸秆两阶段厌氧发酵产沼气的影响;陈广银;曹杰;叶小梅;杜静;常志州;;生态环境学报(第02期);全文 * |
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