CN104694375A - Wet-dry two-step biogas fermentation device and method - Google Patents
Wet-dry two-step biogas fermentation device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104694375A CN104694375A CN201410814890.XA CN201410814890A CN104694375A CN 104694375 A CN104694375 A CN 104694375A CN 201410814890 A CN201410814890 A CN 201410814890A CN 104694375 A CN104694375 A CN 104694375A
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- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
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Abstract
The invention relates to a wet -dry two-step biogas fermentation device and method. The biogas fermentation device comprises a primary dry fermentation mechanism and a secondary wet fermentation mechanism, wherein the primary dry fermentation mechanism comprises a dry fermentation tank filled with a material fluid, a net box which is filled with materials and is immersed in the material fluid, and a water seal cover sealed at top part of the net box; an upper discharge tube and a first air guide tube are respectively arranged on the side wall of the dry fermentation tank; the secondary wet fermentation mechanism comprises a wet fermentation tank which is integrally arranged at bottom part of the dry fermentation tank and is connected with the bottom part of the dry fermentation tank, a heat exchanger which is arranged inside the wet fermentation tank and is connected with the circulation hot water, and a biological membrane which is suspended and fixed in the wet fermentation tank; a second air guide tube, a drain tube and a lower discharge tube are respectively arranged on the side wall of the wet fermentation tank. By adopting the biogas fermentation device, appropriate facultative anaerobic and whole anaerobic good living environments can be provided for the flora with different breath types, the easy blockage of the sludge pump is solved, the degrading time of the fiber material is shortened, the utilization rate of the fermenting raw material is increased, the volume biogas production of the device is increased and the content of the methane in the biogas is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of biogas fermentation device and method, be specifically related to a kind ofly to process dry wet two step biogas fermentation device and methods with Biogas and fertilizer to organic wastes such as the rich carbon stalk of high microsteping, rubbish from cooking and rich nitrogen feces of livestock and poultry, belong to technical field of methane fermentation.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of China's new countryside construction, day by day serious living garbage pollution is troubling, the remaining rubbish of life meal and stalk are stacked arbitrarily, excrement of animals is seen everywhere, sanitary sewage direct current underground, if these problem of environmental pollutions are science improvement as early as possible not, the process of building Socialist New will be had a strong impact on.The method of administering organic waste conventional is anaerobically fermenting, the method can turn waste into wealth, namely organic waste can be formed methane and biogas residue liquid through anaerobically fermenting, biogas is a kind of reproducible new forms of energy, and biogas residue liquid then can as fertilizer or the matrix of producing compoiste fertilizer.At present, conventional anaerobic ferment devices generally adopts fully mixing fermentor tank (CSTR), current utilize this device build the common fault of biogas engineering and Problems existing is: stalk and feces of livestock and poultry are put into same fermentor tank and carry out anaerobically fermenting, on the one hand because densified straw is little, Chang Yi swims in fermentor tank top, easily cause material top to crust or material short circuit, and easily cause the blocking of sludge pump; Carbon-rich materials on the other hand for stalk high microsteping needs the first acidified stage in marsh gas fermentation processes, the flora that souring stage is suitable for is facultative anaerobe, and adopt fully mixing biogas fermentation device to try all material anaerobically fermentings, this results in the reduction of the utilization ratio of stalk material, volume yield rate is caused to reduce, increase the laid down cost of device, sexual valence ratio, be unfavorable for using and promoting.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the object of this invention is to provide and a kind ofly can process dry wet two step biogas fermentation device and methods with Biogas and fertilizer to organic wastes such as the rich carbon stalk of high microsteping, rubbish from cooking and rich nitrogen feces of livestock and poultry.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind of dry wet two step biogas fermentation devices, is characterized in that, it comprises one-level dry fermentation mechanism and secondary wet fermentation mechanism; Described one-level is done fermentation mechanism and is comprised the dry fermentor tank that is filled with feed liquid, be somely filled with material and be immersed in the net cage in described feed liquid, and some sealings is arranged at the water seal cover at described net cage top; The lower sidewall of described dry fermentor tank is provided with drainage conduit, and the side wall upper part of described dry fermentor tank is provided with the first airway; The described secondary fermentation mechanism that wets comprises one and is integrally formed at described dry fermenter base and is attached thereto logical wet fermentor tank, one to be arranged in described wet fermentor tank and the interchanger be connected with circulating hot water, and a unsettled microbial film be fixed in described wet fermentor tank; The side wall upper part of described wet fermentor tank is respectively arranged with the second airway and discharge nozzle, and the lower sidewall of described wet fermentor tank is provided with lower drainage conduit.
In a preferred embodiment, the upper cover of described dry fermentor tank evenly offers some through holes, and described net cage is inserted by described through hole and is immersed in the feed liquid in described dry fermentor tank.
In a preferred embodiment, the sidewall of described wet fermentor tank is also provided with hydraulic mixing pipe and biogas stirring pipe, described hydraulic mixing pipe is connected with described discharge nozzle through pump, and described biogas stirring pipe is connected with described second airway through compressor.
In a preferred embodiment, described microbial film adopts polyamide fabric to make, and the micropore of described polyamide fabric is 80 ~ 120 orders, and the thickness of every layer of described polyamide fabric is 0.15 ~ 0.2mm, folded 4 ~ 6 layers.
In a preferred embodiment, at the outer setting one air casing insulation construction of described dry fermentor tank and wet fermentor tank, described air casing insulation construction comprises the air casing of internal layer and outer field conventional external thermal insulation; Wherein, the gap thickness of described air casing is 3 ~ 5cm, and arrange vertical supporting and heating duct in described air casing, described vertical supporting selects lightweight I-beam or PVC material, and the air intake of described heating duct connects calorifier.
In a preferred embodiment, the feed liquid of filling in described dry fermentor tank is people, animal and/or poultry manure sewage, and the material of filling in described net cage is stalk, weeds, rotten vegetable leaf and/or rubbish from cooking.
In a preferred embodiment, described interchanger is provided with water inlet pipe and rising pipe, the water outlet of described water inlet pipe and the rising pipe corresponding remaining hot water with being arranged in the gas fired-boiler of described wet fermentor tank outside or cogeneration units is respectively connected with water-in.
Based on dry wet two step biogas fermentation methods for said apparatus, it comprises the following steps:
1) be respectively charged in multiple net cage after material being shredded;
2) inject after the feed liquid of dilution being heated to 40 DEG C in advance in dry fermentor tank;
3) net cage is immersed in the feed liquid of dilution, then water seal cover is covered respectively and seal at each net cage top;
4) hydrolysis, acidifying and portion of methane are to carry out one grade fermemtation in the feed liquid of dilution for the material in net cage, and the biogas produced by one grade fermemtation sends into sludge gas collecting device by the first airway;
5) feed liquid that one grade fermemtation produces flows in wet fermentor tank, continue to pass into circulating hot water in interchanger for the feed liquid in wet fermentor tank provides suitable temperature simultaneously, make the feed liquid in wet fermentor tank carry out B grade anaerobic fermentation, and the biogas produced by B grade anaerobic fermentation send into sludge gas collecting device by the second airway;
6) until material in net cage complete degradable fermented after, the net cage more renewed by method that is artificial or mechanical hoisting.
Carrying out described step 5) time, the biogas produced by a part of B grade anaerobic fermentation sprays into wet fermentor tank by compressor and biogas stirring pipe, a part of feed liquid is injected wet fermentor tank through pump and hydraulic mixing pipe, to ensure that secondary wets stirring of feed liquid in fermentor tank simultaneously.
The present invention is owing to taking above technical scheme, it has the following advantages: 1, the present invention adopts dry wet two-step fermentation apparatus and method, the net cage of the rich carbon fermentation materials that stalk high microsteping is housed is placed in the dry fermentor tank being filled with feed liquid be hydrolyzed, acidifying and portion of methane (one grade fermemtation), material takes out after completing acidization and changes, ensure that the amphimicrobian environment of material, enhance the activity of facultative anaerobe, shorten the degradation time of material; Then logical the injection in wet fermentor tank of the feed liquid after being completed by one grade fermemtation carries out B grade anaerobic fermentation, and second order fermentation tank meets the environment of complete anaerobism, enhances the activity of anaerobic methane bacterium, improves the volume yield rate of feed liquid.2, the present invention adopts dry wet two-step fermentation device, stalk material is placed in net cage, by artificial or mechanical method make its whole enter whole go out, avoid the floating crust of stalk fermentation materials, the problems such as the blocking of material short circuit and sludge pump, improve the utilization ratio of fermentation materials, add the volume yield rate of fermentation unit, and also improve the content of produced methane in sewage gas.3, microbial film of the present invention adopts polyamide fabric that is high-strength, highly dense, corrosion-resistant, that do not degrade to make, and the micropore of polyamide fabric is 80 ~ 120 orders, the thickness of every layer of polyamide fabric is 0.15 ~ 0.2mm, folded 4 ~ 6 layers, then its specific surface area increases 8 ~ 12 times than hard polyethylene bacterium bed, is conducive to retaining and enrichment bacterial classification, when preventing discharge, bacterial classification runs off, improve the attachment of flora and numerous raw ability and activity, simultaneously dead thalline very easily peels off, and does not affect attachment and the breeding of newborn flora.4, the present invention arranges at dry, wet fermentor tank the air casing insulation construction be made up of air casing and conventional external thermal insulation outward, and by blast to air casing hot blast to ensure to do, in wet fermentor tank homo(io)thermism, produce biogas continous-stable, improve volume yield rate, compare traditional zymotic device, this device significantly reduces energy consumption, has saved the energy, has reduced cost.5, the present invention is also provided with hydraulic mixing pipe and biogas stirring pipe on the sidewall of wet fermentor tank, and a part of feed liquid and biogas are injected wet fermentor tank, to ensure stirring of feed liquid in wet fermentor tank.6, dry wet two-step fermentation device provided by the invention can realize component assemblingization production, and it is convenient to install, and energy consumption is low, cost is low, homo(io)thermism, stirs, and can be widely used in the small-sized methane fermenting process of stalk fibrid carbon rich material material and the rich nitrogen material of feces of livestock and poultry class.As can be seen here, the flora that the present invention solves different type of respiration dexterously can be survived under respective adapt circumstance, instead of dissimilar fermentation materials is placed in same complete mixed fermentor tank, General Promotion technology content, fully meet the internal cause condition of its fermentation, improve factor of created gase, and accomplish component assembling as far as possible, be beneficial to factorial praluction, reduce cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic front view that the present invention does wet two step biogas fermentation devices;
Fig. 2 is the schematic top plan view that the present invention does wet two step biogas fermentation devices.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail.But should be appreciated that being provided only of accompanying drawing understands the present invention better, they not should be understood to limitation of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, dry wet two step biogas fermentation devices provided by the invention comprise one-level dry fermentation mechanism 1 and secondary wet fermentation mechanism 2.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, one-level dry fermentation mechanism 1 comprises a dry fermentor tank 11, some net cages 12 and some water seal covers 13.Wherein, in dry fermentor tank 11, be filled with feed liquid, and dry fermentor tank 11 on cover and evenly offer some through holes.Be filled with material in net cage 12, net cage 12 via through holes is immersed in the feed liquid in dry fermentor tank 11, and the top of each net cage 12 all arranges a water seal cover 13 and seals.The lower sidewall of dry fermentor tank 11 is provided with drainage conduit 14, and the side wall upper part of dry fermentor tank 11 is provided with airway 15.
Secondary wet fermentation mechanism 2 comprises wet fermentor tank 21, interchanger 22 and a microbial film 23.Wherein, wet fermentor tank 21 is integrally formed at bottom dry fermentor tank 11, and is connected with dry fermentor tank 11 by the discharge nozzle 16 being arranged on dry fermentor tank 11 lower sidewall.Interchanger 22 is arranged in wet fermentor tank 21, and interchanger 22 is provided with the water inlet pipe 221 and rising pipe 222 that are communicated with heat recirculated water.Microbial film 23 is fixed in wet fermentor tank 22 by bracket-suspending.The side wall upper part of wet fermentor tank 22 is respectively arranged with airway 24 and discharge nozzle 25, and the lower sidewall of wet fermentor tank 22 is provided with lower drainage conduit 26.
In a preferred embodiment, the sidewall of wet fermentor tank 22 is also provided with hydraulic mixing pipe 27 and biogas stirring pipe 28, and this hydraulic mixing pipe 27 is connected with discharge nozzle 25 through pump 29, and this biogas stirring pipe 28 is connected with airway 24 through compressor 20.
In a preferred embodiment, microbial film 23 adopts polyamide fabric that is high-strength, highly dense, corrosion-resistant, that do not degrade to make, and the micropore of polyamide fabric is 80 ~ 120 orders, the thickness of every layer of polyamide fabric is 0.15 ~ 0.2mm, folded 4 ~ 6 layers, then its specific surface area increases 8 ~ 12 times than hard polyethylene bacterium bed, be conducive to retaining and enrichment bacterial classification, when preventing discharge, bacterial classification runs off, and improves the attachment of flora and numerous raw ability and activity, simultaneously dead thalline very easily peels off, and does not affect attachment and the breeding of newborn flora.
In a preferred embodiment, can also at the outer setting one air casing insulation construction 3 of dry fermentor tank 11 and wet fermentor tank 21, this air casing insulation construction 3 comprises the air casing 31 of internal layer and outer field conventional external thermal insulation 32.Wherein, the gap thickness of air casing 31 is 3 ~ 5cm, and arrange vertical supporting and heating duct 311 in air casing 31, vertical supporting can select lightweight I-beam or PVC material, and the air intake of heating duct 311 connects calorifier.Conventional external thermal insulation 32 adopts band pad color steel or spray coating foaming polyurethane.The setting of air casing insulation construction 3 ensure that the constant of feed liquid optimal temperature in dry fermentor tank 11 and wet fermentor tank 21, provide significant conservation energy consumption.
In a preferred embodiment, the water outlet of the water inlet pipe 211 of interchanger 22 and the rising pipe 212 corresponding remaining hot water with being arranged in the gas fired-boiler of wet fermentor tank 21 outside or cogeneration units is respectively connected with water-in (not shown), for providing suitable temperature to the feed liquid in wet fermentor tank 21.
In a preferred embodiment, the feed liquid of filling in dry fermentor tank 11 can be people, animal and/or poultry manure sewage etc.
In a preferred embodiment, the material of filling in net cage 12 can be stalk, weeds, rotten vegetable leaf and/or rubbish from cooking etc.
According to the dry wet two step biogas fermentation devices provided in above-described embodiment, the invention allows for a kind of dry wet two step biogas fermentation methods, it comprises the following steps:
1) be respectively charged in multiple net cage 12 after stalk material being shredded;
2) inject in dry fermentor tank 11 after dirty for the excrement of dilution class feed liquid being heated to 40 DEG C in advance;
3) net cage 12 to be inserted in dry fermentor tank 11 through the through hole of dry fermentor tank 11 upper cover and be immersed in the dirty class feed liquid of excrement of dilution, then water seal cover 13 being covered respectively and seal at each net cage 12 top;
4) hydrolysis in the dirty class feed liquid of the excrement of dilution of the stalk material in net cage 12, acidifying and portion of methane are to carry out one grade fermemtation, and the biogas that one grade fermemtation produces is sent into sludge gas collecting device by airway 15, floating crust and the short circuit of material can be avoided like this, improve factor of created gase;
5) feed liquid that one grade fermemtation produces enters in wet fermentor tank 21 through discharge nozzle 16, and continue in interchanger 22, pass into circulating hot water provides suitable temperature for the feed liquid in wet fermentor tank 21 simultaneously, makes the feed liquid in wet fermentor tank 21 carry out B grade anaerobic fermentation;
6) biogas that B grade anaerobic fermentation produces is sent into sludge gas collecting device by airway 24, another part then sprays into wet fermentor tank 21 by compressor 20 and biogas stirring pipe 28, open pump 29 so that a part of feed liquid is injected wet fermentor tank 21 through hydraulic mixing pipe 27, to ensure that secondary wets stirring of feed liquid in fermentor tank 2 simultaneously;
7) until material in net cage 12 complete degradable fermented after, the net cage 12 more renewed by method that is artificial or mechanical hoisting.
The various embodiments described above are only for further describing object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all; any amendment of making, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. dry wet two step biogas fermentation devices, is characterized in that, it comprises one-level dry fermentation mechanism and secondary wet fermentation mechanism;
Described one-level is done fermentation mechanism and is comprised the dry fermentor tank that is filled with feed liquid, be somely filled with material and be immersed in the net cage in described feed liquid, and some sealings is arranged at the water seal cover at described net cage top; The lower sidewall of described dry fermentor tank is provided with drainage conduit, and the side wall upper part of described dry fermentor tank is provided with the first airway;
The described secondary fermentation mechanism that wets comprises one and is integrally formed at described dry fermenter base and is attached thereto logical wet fermentor tank, one to be arranged in described wet fermentor tank and the interchanger be connected with circulating hot water, and a unsettled microbial film be fixed in described wet fermentor tank; The side wall upper part of described wet fermentor tank is respectively arranged with the second airway and discharge nozzle, and the lower sidewall of described wet fermentor tank is provided with lower drainage conduit.
2. a kind of dry wet two step biogas fermentation devices as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the upper cover of described dry fermentor tank evenly offers some through holes, and described net cage is inserted by described through hole and is immersed in the feed liquid in described dry fermentor tank.
3. a kind of dry wet two step biogas fermentation devices as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the sidewall of described wet fermentor tank is also provided with hydraulic mixing pipe and biogas stirring pipe, described hydraulic mixing pipe is connected with described discharge nozzle through pump, and described biogas stirring pipe is connected with described second airway through compressor.
4. the dry wet two step biogas fermentation devices of the one as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, described microbial film adopts polyamide fabric to make, and the micropore of described polyamide fabric is 80 ~ 120 orders, the thickness of every layer of described polyamide fabric is 0.15 ~ 0.2mm, folded 4 ~ 6 layers.
5. the dry wet two step biogas fermentation devices of the one as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, at the outer setting one air casing insulation construction of described dry fermentor tank and wet fermentor tank, described air casing insulation construction comprises the air casing of internal layer and outer field conventional external thermal insulation; Wherein, the gap thickness of described air casing is 3 ~ 5cm, and arrange vertical supporting and heating duct in described air casing, described vertical supporting selects lightweight I-beam or PVC material, and the air intake of described heating duct connects calorifier.
6. the dry wet two step biogas fermentation devices of the one as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, the feed liquid of filling in described dry fermentor tank is people, animal and/or poultry manure sewage, and the material of filling in described net cage is stalk, weeds, rotten vegetable leaf and/or rubbish from cooking.
7. the dry wet two step biogas fermentation devices of the one as described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, described interchanger is provided with water inlet pipe and rising pipe, the water outlet of described water inlet pipe and the rising pipe corresponding remaining hot water with being arranged in the gas fired-boiler of described wet fermentor tank outside or cogeneration units is respectively connected with water-in.
8., based on dry wet two step biogas fermentation methods for device described in any one of claim 1 to 7, it comprises the following steps:
1) be respectively charged in multiple net cage after material being shredded;
2) inject after the feed liquid of dilution being heated to 40 DEG C in advance in dry fermentor tank;
3) net cage is immersed in the feed liquid of dilution, then water seal cover is covered respectively and seal at each net cage top;
4) hydrolysis, acidifying and portion of methane are to carry out one grade fermemtation in the feed liquid of dilution for the material in net cage, and the biogas produced by one grade fermemtation sends into sludge gas collecting device by the first airway;
5) feed liquid that one grade fermemtation produces flows in wet fermentor tank, continue to pass into circulating hot water in interchanger for the feed liquid in wet fermentor tank provides suitable temperature simultaneously, make the feed liquid in wet fermentor tank carry out B grade anaerobic fermentation, and the biogas produced by B grade anaerobic fermentation send into sludge gas collecting device by the second airway;
6) until material in net cage complete degradable fermented after, the net cage more renewed by method that is artificial or mechanical hoisting.
9. dry wet two step biogas fermentation methods as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, carrying out described step 5) time, the biogas produced by a part of B grade anaerobic fermentation sprays into wet fermentor tank by compressor and biogas stirring pipe, a part of feed liquid is injected wet fermentor tank through pump and hydraulic mixing pipe, to ensure that secondary wets stirring of feed liquid in fermentor tank simultaneously.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104928164A (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-09-23 | 南安市绿野沼气技术开发研究所 | Biogas fermentation system |
| CN107142200A (en) * | 2017-07-01 | 2017-09-08 | 青岛中科华通能源工程有限公司 | Dry and wet combines integral anaerobic installation for fermenting and anaerobic ferment process |
| CN107513540A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-26 | 中国华电科工集团有限公司 | A kind of integrated form anaerobic ferment process and system |
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