CN105884630B - 一种盐酸文拉法辛的有关物质及其分析检测方法 - Google Patents

一种盐酸文拉法辛的有关物质及其分析检测方法 Download PDF

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CN105884630B
CN105884630B CN201610240989.2A CN201610240989A CN105884630B CN 105884630 B CN105884630 B CN 105884630B CN 201610240989 A CN201610240989 A CN 201610240989A CN 105884630 B CN105884630 B CN 105884630B
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潘立
李义高
李小彪
赵阳
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Zhenjiang Gaohai Biological Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种盐酸文拉法辛的有关物质及其分析检测方法。本发明发现了一种新的盐酸文拉法辛光降解产物,该降解产物结构首次报道;本发明提供的所述光降解产物的制备方法简单易行,可大量制备该降解产物;本发明提供的液相分析方法能快速检测出所述降解产物,选择该降解产物的最大吸收波长作为检测波长,提高了该降解产物的检出率,结果准确可靠;本发明提供的光降解产物可以用于盐酸文拉法辛及其制剂的有关物质检查,进一步提高盐酸文拉法辛及其制剂的质量标准,提高其安全性和可控性。

Description

一种盐酸文拉法辛的有关物质及其分析检测方法
技术领域
本发明涉及生物制药领域,具体涉及一种盐酸文拉法辛光降解产物,以及该光降解产物的制备方法和分析检测方法。
背景技术
盐酸文拉法辛是三种生物源性胺类(5-羟色胺,去甲肾上腺素和多巴胺)的再摄取抑制剂,其中对5-羟色胺再摄取抑制作用最强,对去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制作用也较强。文拉法辛对毒蕈碱、烟碱、组胺和肾上腺素受体无作用,对单胺氧化酶无抑制作用。
盐酸文拉法辛主要通过同时阻断NE和5-HT的再摄取,升高NE和5-HT浓度而发挥双重抗抑郁作用,对多巴胺(DA)的重摄取,仅有轻微的抑制作用。对M胆碱受体,肾上腺素α1、α2、β受体,组胺H1受体几乎无亲和力。其活性代谢产物0-去甲基文拉法辛亦可抑制5-HT和NE的重摄取,活性比原形药低。有研究表明,该品小剂量时主要抑制5-HT的再摄取,大剂量时对5-HT和NE的再摄取均有抑制作用。该药对5-HT再摄取的抑制作用弱于选择性5-HT重摄取抑制剂(SSRI);对NE再摄取的抑制作用也弱于某些三环类抗抑郁药(TCA)或选择性NE再摄取抑制药。但该品单次或多次给药均可降低由异丙肾上腺素刺激大鼠松果体产生的cAMP浓度,引起肾上腺素β受体的快速下调,而TCA则需长期给药才有此效应。现认为文拉法辛对肾上腺素β受体的快速下调作用与其起效快有关。
盐酸文拉法辛临床主要用于治疗抑郁症、强迫症、社交恐怖症、精神创伤、多动症和精神分裂症。此外,有研究得出,该品结合低热卡饮食可显著降低抗精神病药引起的肥胖;延长释放本药75mg/d的剂量可改善绝经后妇女的潮热;长效制剂可缓解糖尿病人的神经性疼痛。该品亦可用于戒酒,目前已成为新一代治疗酒依赖的抗抑郁剂。
目前,对盐酸文拉法辛的有关物质研究还不够,有待进一步研究。
发明内容
本发明的第一目的在于提供一种盐酸文拉法辛的光降解产物,该光降解产物首次报道;
本发明的第二目的在于提供所述光降解产物的制备方法;
本发明的第三目的在于提供所述光降解产物的分析检测方法;
本发明的第四目的在于提供所述光降解产物在盐酸文拉法辛及其制剂的有关物质检查项中作为杂质对照品的用途。
上述目的是通过如下技术方案实现的:
一种盐酸文拉法辛光降解产物,化学结构式如下:
一种所述光降解产物的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)光照破坏样品制备:将盐酸文拉法辛光照破坏,先经冷白荧光灯照射,再经紫外荧光灯照射;
(2)降解产物富集:将上述光照破坏样品溶于甲醇体积百分浓度为75%的甲醇水溶液中,搅拌,抽滤,收集滤液,减压浓缩得浓缩物;
(3)降解产物粗品:将上述浓缩物用正相硅胶柱色谱分离,用体积比为5:1的二氯甲烷-甲醇混合溶剂等度洗脱,收集7~9个柱体积洗脱液,浓缩得降解产物粗品;
(4)反相硅胶柱制备:将上述降解产物粗品用反相硅胶柱纯化,固定相为十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶,流动相为甲醇体积百分浓度为85%的甲醇水,等度洗脱,收集6~8个柱体积洗脱液,浓缩,冷冻干燥即得所述光降解产物。
进一步地,步骤(1)所述光照破坏方法为:先经一百二十万勒克斯冷白荧光灯照射15~25小时,再经200瓦小时/平方米的紫外荧光灯照射10~20小时。先经冷白荧光照射,再经紫外荧光照射,能显著提高所述光降解产物的得率,光照时间过长不但不能继续提高得率,反而会有降低趋势,可能是因为会进一步转化成其他化学物质。
进一步地,步骤(3)所述正相硅胶粒径大小为200~300目。分离硅胶粒径大小决定了硅胶表面积,粒径太大会导致所述光降解产物与极性相近的杂质难以分离开,粒径太小会显著增大柱内压力,洗脱速度过慢。同时,硅胶粒径还影响所需要的洗脱液体积。
一种所述光降解产物的液相分析检测方法,HPLC色谱条件包括:
色谱柱:Agilent ZORBAX XDB-C18(4.6mm×250mm,5μm);
流动相:A为乙腈,B为0.02mol/L正辛胺溶液(磷酸调节pH值至6.5);
梯度洗脱程序:0~5min,A20%;5~15min,A20%→75%;15~40min,A 75%;40~50min,A75%→20%;50~60min,A20%;
流动相流速:1.0mL·min-1
检测波长:260nm;
柱温:30℃;
进样量:10μL。
上述色谱条件下,所述光降解产物能与极性相近的化合物完全分离开,分离度大于1.5。流动相在260nm检测波长下紫外本底吸收低,且260nm为所述光降解产物的最大吸收波长,保证了所述光降解产物的响应灵敏度,提高检出量。
所述的盐酸文拉法辛光降解产物在盐酸文拉法辛及其制剂的有关物质检查项中作为杂质对照品的用途。该光降解产物容易获得,且纯度高(大于98%),可以使用该化合物作为对照品利用外标法对其进行质量控制。
本发明的有益效果:
(1)本发明发现了一种盐酸文拉法辛光降解产物,该降解产物结构首次报道;
(2)本发明提供的所述光降解产物的制备方法简单易行,可大量制备该降解产物;
(3)本发明提供的液相分析方法能快速检测出所述降解产物,选择该降解产物的最大吸收波长作为检测波长,提高了该降解产物的检出率,结果准确可靠;
(4)本发明提供的光降解产物可以用于盐酸文拉法辛及其制剂的有关物质检查,进一步提高盐酸文拉法辛及其制剂的质量标准,提高其安全性和可控性。
附图说明
图1为光降解产物氢谱信号归属图;
图2为光降解产物碳谱信号归属图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例详细说明本发明的技术方案。
实施例1:盐酸文拉法辛光降解产物的制备和结构确证
取50g盐酸文拉法辛原料均匀摊在培养皿中,置于冷白荧光灯下光照20小时,光照强度为一百二十万勒克斯;取出表面皿,再置于紫外荧光灯下照射15小时,紫外荧光灯照射强度为200瓦小时/平方米,照射结束后取出。然后将光照破坏样品溶于甲醇体积百分浓度为75%的甲醇水溶液中,搅拌20分钟,用抽滤漏斗抽滤,收集滤液,减压浓缩得浓缩物3.5g;然后将浓缩物用5ml甲醇溶解,用4g粒度为100~200目的正相硅胶拌样,挥干溶剂,用80g粒度为200~300目的正相硅胶作为分离硅胶进行柱色谱分离,用体积比为5:1的二氯甲烷-甲醇混合溶剂等度洗脱,收集7~9个柱体积洗脱液,减压浓缩得降解产物粗品1.2g;然后将降解产物粗品用甲醇体积百分浓度为85%的甲醇水溶液溶解,用反相硅胶柱纯化,固定相为十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶,流动相为甲醇体积百分浓度为85%的甲醇水,等度洗脱,收集6~8个柱体积的洗脱液,减压浓缩,冷冻干燥得淡黄色粉末850mg(光降解产物)。HPLC归一化纯度大于98%。
试验参数优化筛选过程中发现:
冷白荧光灯照射时间在15~25小时内均可,紫外荧光灯照射时间在10~20小时均可,照射时间过短会导致降解产物得率不高,过长并不能进一步提高得率。
光降解产物化学结构确证:
淡黄色粉末,易溶于丙酮和甲醇;HR-ESIMS显示[M+Na]+为m/z 282.1814,结合核磁特征可得分子式为C17H25NO。核磁共振氢谱信号及其归属如图1,δH(ppm,methanol-d4,500MHz);核磁共振碳谱信号及其归属如图2,δC(ppm,methanol-d4,150MHz)。综合可以确证该化合物的结构如下:
实施例2:盐酸文拉法辛稳定性试验长期6个月避光和未避光样品检测分析
对照品溶液制备:精密称取2mg光降解杂质于200ml容量瓶中,用乙腈溶解定容,作为光降解杂质储备液;精密量取光降解杂质储备液1ml于20ml容量瓶中,用液相分析方法中初始比例的流动相稀释定容(约0.5μg/mL)。
供试品溶液制备:从稳定性试验光照箱中取出6个月避光和未避光的盐酸文拉法辛原料,分别精密称取20mg于20ml容量瓶中,用液相分析方法中初始比例的流动相溶解定容,分别得到长期6月避光原料供试品溶液和长期6月未避光原料供试品溶液,浓度均约为1mg/mL。
液相色谱条件:
高效液相色谱仪:Agilent 1260,二元泵,VWD;
色谱柱:Agilent ZORBAX XDB-C18(4.6mm×250mm,5μm);
流动相:A为乙腈,B为0.02mol/L正辛胺溶液(磷酸调节pH值至6.5);
梯度洗脱程序:0~5min,A20%;5~15min,A20%→75%;15~40min,A 75%;40~50min,A75%→20%;50~60min,A20%;
流动相流速:1.0mL·min-1
检测波长:260nm;
柱温:30℃;
进样量:10μL。
分别精密量取光降解杂质对照品溶液和盐酸文拉法辛供试品溶液10μL注入液相色谱仪分析。结果在长期6月未避光原料中检出光降解杂质(保留时间与对照品溶液保留时间一致,是盐酸文拉法辛主峰保留时间的1.3倍,且与前后色谱峰分离度大于1.5,DAD峰纯度检查合格,方法学验证合格),含量为0.08%,避光样品中未检测到,说明盐酸文拉法辛应避光保存。该光降解杂质在稳定性试验中,随着时间推移呈增长趋势,且含量较高,应列入质量研究控制中。
上述实施例的作用仅在于说明本发明的实质性内容,但并不以此限定本发明的保护范围。本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的实质和保护范围。

Claims (3)

1.一种盐酸文拉法辛光降解产物的制备方法,该光降解产物的化学结构式如下,其特征在于包括如下步骤:
(1)光照破坏样品制备:将盐酸文拉法辛光照破坏,先经冷白荧光灯照射,再经紫外荧光灯照射;
(2)降解产物富集:将上述光照破坏样品溶于甲醇体积百分浓度为75%的甲醇水溶液中,搅拌,抽滤,收集滤液,减压浓缩得浓缩物;
(3)降解产物粗品:将上述浓缩物用正相硅胶柱色谱分离,用体积比为5:1的二氯甲烷-甲醇混合溶剂等度洗脱,收集7~9个柱体积洗脱液,浓缩得降解产物粗品;
(4)反相硅胶柱制备:将上述降解产物粗品用反相硅胶柱纯化,固定相为十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶,流动相为甲醇体积百分浓度为85%的甲醇水,等度洗脱,收集6~8个柱体积洗脱液,浓缩,冷冻干燥即得所述光降解产物。
2.根据权利要求1所述光降解产物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)所述光照破坏方法为:先经一百二十万勒克斯冷白荧光灯照射15~25小时,再经200瓦小时/平方米的紫外荧光灯照射10~20小时。
3.根据权利要求1所述光降解产物的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)所述正相硅胶粒径大小为200~300目。
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