CN105881992A - 一种用于海水围殖渔网用的铜钢复合材料及其制造方法 - Google Patents
一种用于海水围殖渔网用的铜钢复合材料及其制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/013—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of a metal other than iron or aluminium
- B32B15/015—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of a metal other than iron or aluminium the said other metal being copper or nickel or an alloy thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种用于海水围殖渔网用的铜钢复合材料，其外层为铜合金层，芯部为钢，芯部和所述的铜合金层的中间设置有胶合层，铜合金层的厚度为1‑3mm，铜合金层中的铜所占的质量百分数至少在70%以上，钢的强度大于等于600MPa，胶合层的材料为环氧树脂或者酚醛树脂，胶合层的厚度为10‑30μm。还提供了上述的用于海水围殖渔网用的铜钢复合材料的制备方法。本发明通过铜钢复合，铜合金包裹在钢的表层，铜合金的耐蚀性和防生物污着性优点可以完全发挥，而芯部则是强度高的钢，充分发挥了钢的机械性能好的优点，两者结合，可以更好满足海洋养殖对渔网材料的要求；钢被铜所包裹，不暴露在海水中，不存在腐蚀的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于冶金领域，涉及一种合金，具体来说是一种用于海水围殖渔网用的铜钢复合材料及其制造方法。
背景技术
现有网箱网衣一般为合成纤维渔网材料（包括聚乙烯渔网或聚酰胺渔网材料），用合成纤维渔网装备的网箱在我国海区放置一段时间后网箱网衣上会布满海洋附着生物，它们既影响网箱内外水体交换、影响养殖户日常操作维护又影响养殖鱼类生长、导致养殖鱼类生病。
由于合成纤维渔网材料存在问题，我国浙江省嵊泗海区曾尝试使用过黄铜合金网箱。铜合金网衣网箱的优势如下：1、防止生物污染，降低成本，避免鱼类应激和更换鱼网的麻烦；2、抑制寄生虫和病菌的滋生；3、增加水体交换和含氧量，有利于鱼类的健康和成长；4、阻止捕食者的攻击，防止鱼类逃逸；5、可保持网箱的容积；6、提高饲料转化率；7、减少沉积物排放；8、可100%回收。海水围殖渔网使用的铜合金材料，要达到在海水中工作至少5年，因此要求材料首先要耐海水腐蚀，包括不发生脱成分腐蚀（如脱锌、脱镍、脱锡等），不发生局部腐蚀；其次还要有好的防生物污着性；此外，围殖渔网在使用过程中，还要抵抗强力风暴，因海上经常有25级风暴来临，在每7～12秒时间内会有一次对渔网特强冲击，也就等于一天24小时内会有一万次左右冲击渔网，渔网材质稍有差次，将被飓风吹毁。但是对铜合金材料，这些要求有些是相互矛盾的：如防生物污着性与耐蚀性某种意义上是有些矛盾的，耐蚀性是不希望铜合金材料与海水发生反应而溶解，而防生物污着性则要求铜离子以适当的速率溶解。溶解不能太快，太快则迅速腐蚀，也不能太慢，太慢则溶解的铜离子太少，降低对海生物的抑制作用。另外，合金的强度与耐蚀性也有些矛盾，材料经过加工硬化后耐蚀性都会降低。合金强度硬度太高，在编织时较难成形，还可能损毁编织机。正因为如此，单一的一种材料很难满足海洋围殖渔网的全部要求。过去的研究工作基本上集中在材料的一种性能上，例如耐蚀性提高上。
专利（公开号CN200580026908.9）提供了一种鱼类养殖网铜合金材料，采用Sn、Zn元素搭配加上相对较高的其它元素来提高材料的耐蚀性能。专利申请（申请号201410194408.7）提出采用一种渔网用耐蚀黄铜材料，为了克服黄铜中铁和铅对腐蚀性的影响，主要采取添加Bi和Sn元素，同时严格限制黄铜中铁和铅的含量来提高黄铜耐蚀性的目的。
与钢铁相比，铜的价格一直居高不下，强度也大大低于钢铁。对海洋养殖渔网铜合金而言，表层的铜可以发挥耐蚀性和防生物污着性的优势外，芯部的铜只发挥了机械性能，耐蚀性和防生物污着性的特点没有发挥，也就是没有物尽其用。
发明内容
针对现有技术中的上述问题，本发明提供了一种用于海水围殖渔网用的铜钢复合材料及其制造方法，所述的这种用于海水围殖渔网用的铜钢复合材料及其制造方法要解决现有技术中海水围殖渔网用的材料的防生物污着性、耐蚀性和合金强度不能兼具的技术问题。
本发明提供了一种用于海水围殖渔网用的铜钢复合材料，其外层为铜合金层，芯部为钢，所述的芯部和所述的铜合金层的中间设置有胶合层，所述的铜合金层的厚度为1-3mm，在所述的铜合金层中，铜所占的质量百分数至少在70%以上，所述的钢的强度大于等于600MPa，所述的胶合层的材料为环氧树脂或者酚醛树脂，所述的胶合层的厚度为10-30μm。
本发明还提供了上述的一种用于海水围殖渔网用的铜钢复合材料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1）对钢材料进行除油、酸洗处理，作为芯部，然后在钢材料的外周涂胶；
2）将厚度为1-3mm的铜合金包裹在钢材料的外周，铜合金的接缝处采用激光焊接；
3）将焊接好的铜钢复合材料的两端用绝缘胶密封，以防止钢暴露。
本发明通过铜钢复合，铜合金包裹在钢的表层，铜合金的耐蚀性和防生物污着性优点可以完全发挥，而芯部则是强度高的钢，充分发挥了钢的机械性能好的优点，两者结合，可以更好满足海洋养殖对渔网材料的要求；钢被铜所包裹，不暴露在海水中，不存在腐蚀的问题；同时钢和铜合金之间有绝缘胶，可以避免形成电偶腐蚀；采用部分钢代替昂贵的铜合金，渔网的成本会大大降低。
本发明和已有技术相比，其技术进步是显著的。本发明解决了单一海洋围殖渔网材料很难满足养殖需要以及铜合金渔网没有物尽其用的问题。本发明提出了一种低成本的适合海水围网养殖渔网用的铜钢复合材料，将钢的高强度与铜的耐蚀性和防生物污着性优点结合起来，优势互补，同时可以满足海洋养殖对渔网材料的要求。
附图说明
图1是一种用于海水围殖渔网用的铜钢复合材料的剖面图。
图2是一种用于海水围殖渔网用的铜钢复合材料的立体图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明进行进一步说明，将有助于对本发明进一步的理解，本发明的保护范围不受这些实施例的限定，本发明的保护范围由权利要求书来限定。
实施例
1
如图1所示，本发明提供了一种用于海水围殖渔网用的铜钢复合材料，其外层为铜合金层3，芯部为钢1，中间为胶合层2，所述的铜合金层3的厚度为1-3mm，所述的铜合金层3中的铜所占的质量百分数至少在70%以上，所述的钢1的强度大于等于600MPa，所述的胶合层2的材料为环氧树脂或者酚醛树脂，所述的胶合层2的厚度为10-30μm。
本发明还提供了上述的一种用于海水围殖渔网用的铜钢复合材料的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1）对钢材料1进行除油、酸洗处理，作为芯部，然后在钢材料1的外周涂胶2；
2）将厚度为1-3mm的铜合金包3裹在钢材料1的外周，铜合金3的接缝处采用激光焊接；
3）将焊接好的铜钢复合材料的两端用绝缘胶密封，以防止钢暴露。
Claims (2)
1.一种用于海水围殖渔网用的铜钢复合材料，其特征在于：其外层为铜合金层，芯部为钢，所述的芯部和所述的铜合金层的中间设置有胶合层，所述的铜合金层的厚度为1-3mm，在所述的铜合金层中，铜所占的质量百分数至少在70%以上，所述的钢的强度大于等于600MPa，所述的胶合层的材料为环氧树脂或者酚醛树脂，所述的胶合层的厚度为10-30μm。
2.权利要求1所述的一种用于海水围殖渔网用的铜钢复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于包括如下步骤：
1）对钢材料进行除油、酸洗处理，作为芯部，然后在钢材料的外周涂胶；
2）将厚度为1-3mm的铜合金包裹在钢材料的外周，铜合金的接缝处采用激光焊接；
3）将焊接好的铜钢复合材料的两端用绝缘胶密封，以防止钢暴露。
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| JP2004261023A (ja) * | 2003-02-28 | 2004-09-24 | Kanai Hiroaki | 生け簀用ワイヤ |
| CN201299039Y (zh) * | 2008-11-19 | 2009-09-02 | 大连天正实业有限公司 | 编制养殖用网箱网衣的金属丝 |
| CN101909433A (zh) * | 2008-01-30 | 2010-12-08 | 贝卡尔特股份有限公司 | 具有涂覆有金属带材的钢丝的水产养殖网 |
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