CN105880808A - Same-direction forming mode based forming morphology control method for GMAW material increase manufacturing - Google Patents
Same-direction forming mode based forming morphology control method for GMAW material increase manufacturing Download PDFInfo
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- CN105880808A CN105880808A CN201610399000.2A CN201610399000A CN105880808A CN 105880808 A CN105880808 A CN 105880808A CN 201610399000 A CN201610399000 A CN 201610399000A CN 105880808 A CN105880808 A CN 105880808A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
- B23K9/044—Built-up welding on three-dimensional surfaces
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Abstract
The invention provides a same-direction forming mode based forming morphology control method for GMAW material increase manufacturing. The control method includes the steps that arc starting and quenching movement I/O control and given electric signal D/A control of forming current and voltage are completed in the GMAW material increase manufacturing process, and when the forming process is close to the arc quenching end, the forming current, forming speed and forming voltage are gradually decreased within the length range of the arc quenching end; a GMAW welding gun is increased for one layer height and is controlled to return to the forming arc starting end; the upper surface temperature of a formed part is reduced to be 20-300 DEG C; forming of a residual layer is completed till the forming size of the whole structural part meets the requirements. The same-direction forming mode based forming morphology control method can effectively inhibit the height size difference produced by the part end in the same-direction forming process, decreases the defects produced in the forming process, ensures that higher forming size precision is obtained in GMAW material increase manufacturing in the same-direction forming mode and provides a reliable technical support for forming quality control of GMAW material increase manufacturing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to increase material manufacturing technology field, be specifically related to a kind of consumable electrode gas-arc electric arc (Gas metal arc
Welding, GMAW) increase material manufacture Equidirectional type forming mode shaping morphological control method.
Background technology
Electric arc fill silk increase material manufacture use electric arc as thermal source, metal wire material as packing material, according to the forming mode set by
Layer shapes until forming full weld metal part.Comparing with traditional casting and Machining Technology, electric arc silk filling increases material and is manufactured into
The motility of shape is big, it is not necessary to special fixture and frock, greatly improves stock utilization.What is more important, the structure of shaping
Part consistency is high, metallurgical binding performance is good, chemical composition is uniform, good mechanical performance, has intensity compared with solid forging part
The advantages such as height, good toughness.At present, electric arc silk filling increasing material manufacturing technology has been subjected to researchers from basic research to application and development
Extensive concern.
The thermal source that electric arc silk filling increases material manufacture conventional has consumable electrode gas-arc electric arc, tungsten argon arc, plasma arc.Hardware
Forming mode mainly has Equidirectional type to shape and alternating expression shapes.Equidirectional type shapes and refers to that forming process is carried out the most in the same direction,
Alternating expression shapes and refers to that the shaping of adjacent interlayer is in opposite direction.Electric arc silk filling increasing material manufacture, when shaping, always presents starting the arc end
Height, the characteristic that blow-out end is low, if using Equidirectional type forming mode, then can produce the biggest height dimension at drip molding two ends poor
Different.When being formed into certain number of plies, starting the arc end can collide with torch neck, blow-out end due to torch neck apart from excessive,
Shaping layer protected effect is bad, and then produces gas hole defect.Drawbacks described above all can cause electric arc silk filling to increase material manufacture process and cannot continue
Continue and carry out.
The defect produced for above-mentioned Equidirectional type forming process, needs exploitation a kind of GMAW increasing material manufacture Equidirectional type badly and shapes pattern
Control method, the research of this technology increases a difficult problem for material manufacture shaping morphology control and has highly important meaning for capturing GMAW
Justice.The most mostly use alternating expression forming mode to control drip molding starting the arc end and blow-out end difference, but not yet carry out
GMAW increases material and manufactures the research of Equidirectional type forming mode shaping morphology control.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve existing GMAW and increase in material manufacture Equidirectional type forming mode, drip molding starting the arc end and blow-out
The problem of end height dimension difference, it is provided that a kind of GMAW increases material and manufactures Equidirectional type forming mode shaping morphological control method.
For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of GMAW increases material and manufactures Equidirectional type forming mode shaping morphological control method, comprises the steps:
Step one: use PLC to complete GMAW and increase the material manufacture process starting the arc and blow-out action I/O control, forming current
And the given control of signal of telecommunication D/A shaping voltage, the forming speed making starting the arc end is 1.2-1.5 times of steadily end with shaping voltage,
The forming speed of blow-out end, forming current, shaping voltage are 0.7-0.95 times of steadily end, and starting the arc end shaping length is set as
8-15mm, blow-out end shaping length is set as 8-16mm；
Step 2: shape before starting, completes forming speed, forming current and shaping voltage flat by PLC Human-machine Control interface
The initial setting of steady end, makes forming speed gradually decrease to put down when arriving steadily end with shaping voltage in starting the arc end shaping length
The forming speed of steady end and shaping magnitude of voltage；
Step 3: when forming process is close to blow-out end, be gradually reduced forming current, forming speed, one-tenth in blow-out end length
Shape voltage；After forming mode terminates, PLC disconnects control signal makes forming speed be zero, after electric arc continues for 20-1000ms
Extinguish；
Step 4: GMAW welding gun is raised a floor height, controls welding gun by PLC and returns to shape at starting the arc end；
Interlayer waits 1-5min, makes drip molding upper surface temperature be cooled to 20-300 DEG C；
Step 5: continue to repeat step 2, step 3 and step 4, complete the shaping of rest layers, until total part shapes
Till being of the required size.
It is preferred that, forming parameter increments of change in starting the arc end length and blow-out end length is to be accomplished by
:
(1) voltage is shaped during setting shaping at starting the arc end initial value U1, stabilized end shapes voltage U, and blow-out end shapes electricity
Pressure end value U2；Forming speed is at starting the arc end initial value V1, stabilized end forming speed V, blow-out end forming speed end value V2；
Forming current stabilized end I, blow-out end forming current end value I2；Starting the arc end length L1, blow-out end length L2, computer sampling
Cycle P；
(2) shaping voltage, forming speed and the sampling period changing value of forming current are tried to achieve according to following formula:
ΔURise=| U-U1|(V1+V)P/(2L1)
ΔUPut out=| U-U2|(V2+V)P/(2L2)
ΔVRise=| V-V1|(V1+V)P/(2L1)
ΔVPut out=| V-V2|(V2+V)P/(2L2)
ΔIPut out=| I-I2|(V2+V)P/(2L2)
Wherein: Δ URiseVoltage variable quantity within the sampling period, Δ U is shaped for starting the arc endPut outVoltage is shaped in sampling week for blow-out end
Variable quantity in phase, Δ VRiseFor starting the arc end forming speed variable quantity within the sampling period, Δ VPut outAdopting for blow-out end forming speed
Variable quantity in the sample cycle, Δ IPut outFor blow-out end forming current variable quantity within the sampling period.
It is preferred that, described steadily end forming current is 120-186A, forming speed 4.2-7.3mm/s.
Forming current and forming speed are most important on the impact of multilamellar single track shaping layer quality, and forming current is excessive or forming speed
Too low can increase high heat-input so that shaping layer Pool is unstable, easily occurs trickling in molten bath.On the contrary, forming speed is too high,
Cause wandering, also can reduce forming quality；Forming current is too small so that the forming process droplet transfer is unstable.Therefore,
In the present invention, forming current is set as that 120-186A, forming speed are set as 4.2-7.3mm/s.
It is preferred that, the initial set value of starting the arc end forming speed is 1.2-1.5 times of steadily end, shapes initially setting of voltage
Definite value is 1.2-1.4 times of steadily end.
Shaping starting the arc end, the liquid metal owing to melting immediately below electric arc is pushed to rear, molten bath under arc force effect and just solidifies
Metal on, therefore, starting the arc end forming dimension height is big.The control method that the present invention takes is to increase forming speed at starting the arc end
With shaping voltage, be so conducive to reducing the forming height of starting the arc end.Forming speed initial set value and steadily end when starting the arc end
Ratio less than 1.2 time, starting the arc end forming height reduce inconspicuous, and setting value more than 1.5 times time, then starting the arc end forming height
The least.When starting the arc end shapes the voltage ratio with steadily end less than 1.2, starting the arc end forming height reduces inconspicuous, and ratio is more than
When 1.4, starting the arc end forming dimension is too low.The most in the present invention, the initial set value of starting the arc end forming speed is steadily to hold
1.2-1.5 times, the initial set value shaping voltage is 1.2-1.4 times of steadily end.
It is preferred that, starting the arc end shaping length is set as that 10-13mm, blow-out end shaping length are set as 9-13mm.Consider
Length to banking process starting the arc end and blow-out end is generally less than 15mm, and in the present invention, starting the arc end and blow-out end length are necessary
Being set in rational scope, the length of setting is too small, starting the arc end forming dimension can be caused to control effect bad, and the length of setting is spent
Greatly, cause steadily holding control effect bad.Therefore in the present invention, starting the arc end shaping length is set as 10-13mm, and blow-out end becomes
Shape length is set as 9-13mm.
It is preferred that, at blow-out end end, forming speed and forming current are 0.7-0.9 times of steadily end, at blow-out end end
Shaping voltage is 0.7-0.95 times of steadily end.In the present invention, in order to reduce the length of blow-out end inclined plane, it is necessary to reduce and put out
The forming current of arc end, but must correspondingly reduce forming speed simultaneously, and guarantee blow-out end shaped cross-section area is constant,
Reduce at blow-out end simultaneously and shape voltage, the height dimension of blow-out end can be increased further.If forming current sets too small,
Then can affect the droplet transfer, if arc voltage sets too small, then blow-out end forming height can be made to significantly increase.Therefore this
In bright, at blow-out end end, forming speed and forming current are 0.7-0.9 times of steadily end, and it is flat for shaping voltage at blow-out end end
0.7-0.95 times of steady end.
It is preferred that, after each layer of shaping completes, forming speed is set as zero, and it is 150-545ms that electric arc continues for the time.
All the time there is an arc crater in the blow-out end increasing material manufacture at electric arc, therefore, when arc motion to blow-out end end, needs at arc
A material is continued to fill up at hole.But the time that electric arc continues fusing silk material is the shortest, it is impossible to effectively fill arc crater, the time of filling
Oversize, easily cause filler metal amount too much at arc crater so that at blow-out end end, forming quality is deteriorated.Therefore in the present invention,
It is 150-545ms that electric arc continues for the time.
It is preferred that, interlayer temperature is cooled to 55-150 DEG C.It is single heat source multi source heating process that GMAW increases material manufacture process,
Electric arc thermal source is big to the heat input of mother metal, thus must strictly control shaping layer interlayer temperature.Interlayer temperature directly determines shaping
Quality and forming efficiency.If interlayer temperature is less, then in forming process, the interlayer waiting time is longer, reduces forming process effect
Rate.On the other hand, if interlayer temperature is too high, the mobility shaping molten bath can be strengthened, reduce shaping layer surface quality.At this
In invention, considering forming efficiency and forming quality, shaping layer interlayer temperature is set as 55-150 DEG C.
It is preferred that, the preparation before shaping is: be fastened on L-shaped aluminum alloy plate materials by GMAW welding gun, L
Shape aluminum alloy plate materials is fixed on motor and drives on cross balladeur train, and computer sends I/O by PLC and pulse signal realizes
Motor drives the screw turns of cross balladeur train, then controls the upper and lower of GMAW welding gun and side-to-side movement, passes through PLC
Making welding gun move at substrate, the nozzle of GMAW welding gun to upper surface of base plate distance is 12-15mm.
It is preferred that, substrate is Q235 mild steel, and filling silk material is high strength steel, titanium alloy, rustless steel or nickel-base high-temperature
Alloy material one therein.
The invention have the benefit that the GMAW of the present invention increases material manufacture shaping morphological control method and can effectively suppress same
The height dimension difference that part end produces in formula forming process, reduces the defect that forming process produces, it is ensured that GMAW exists
Obtaining higher forming dimension precision in Equidirectional type forming mode, the method increases material for GMAW and manufactures forming quality control offer
Reliable technical support.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The silk filling of Fig. 1 electric arc increases material manufacture Equidirectional type forming process and realizes schematic diagram
Fig. 2 carbon steel straight wall structural member schematic diagram
The Equidirectional type formation of parts that Fig. 3 traditional method shapes
Fig. 4 Equidirectional type forming process forming parameter change schematic diagram
The Equidirectional type formation of parts that Fig. 5 the method for the invention shapes
Wherein, 1 is workbench, and 2 is substrate, and 3 is GMAW welding gun, and 4 is drip molding, and 5 is " L " shape aluminum alloy plate materials,
6 drive cross balladeur train for motor, and 7 is PLC, and 8 is computer.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by way of specific instantiation, embodiments of the present invention being described, those skilled in the art can be by disclosed by this specification
Content understand other advantages and effect of the present invention easily.The present invention can also be added by the most different detailed description of the invention
To implement or application, the every details in this specification can also be based on different viewpoints and application, in the essence without departing from the present invention
Various modification or change is carried out under god.
Comparative example
As in figure 2 it is shown, a kind of carbon steel long 160mm of straight wall structural member, highly 30mm, width 5mm.Electric arc fills silk and increases material system
Manufacturing apparatus is Panasonic YD-500FR power supply, and the step motor drive cross balladeur train shown in Fig. 1 is as motion, GMAW
Increasing material manufacture steadily holds the parameter to be: forming current 150A, forming speed 5mm/s, shapes voltage 22V, forming process protection
Gas is 95%Ar+5%CO2, packing material is H08Mn2Si welding wire, silk material diameter 1.2mm, and Q235 substrate size is 200mm
× 100mm × 10mm, accumulation horizon floor height is 1.66mm, and forming mode uses Equidirectional type to shape.It uses traditional method to shape
Process is as follows, specifically comprises the following steps that
Step one: employing PLC is master controller, completes GMAW and increases material each execution of manufacture Equidirectional type forming process
The logic control of action, controls to control with blow-out action I/O, examine gas signal I/O control, motor including starting the arc action I/O
I/O and pulse signal is given controls, and work out PLC Human-machine Control interface.
Being threaded connection by GMAW welding gun and be fixed on " L " shape aluminum alloy plate materials, " L " shape aluminum alloy plate materials passes through spiral shell
Stricture of vagina is fastened on motor and drives on cross balladeur train.Computer sends I/O by PLC and pulse signal realizes motor and drives
The screw turns of dynamic cross balladeur train, controls the upper and lower of GMAW welding gun and side-to-side movement then.Welding gun is made by PLC
Moving on the right side of substrate at arcing point, the nozzle of GMAW welding gun to upper surface of base plate distance is 13mm.Manually opened GMAW
Increase material and manufacture power supply and protection gas, source of welding current panel sets forming current 150A, shapes voltage 22V.
Step 2: welding gun is the starting the arc at arcing point, completes the shaping of ground floor, then welding gun blow-out.By GMAW welding gun liter
High 1.66mm, controls cross balladeur train by PLC and drives welding gun to return to shape at starting the arc end.Interlayer waits 3min, makes
Drip molding upper surface temperature is cooled to 100-150 DEG C.
Step 3: continue to repeat step 2, complete the shaping of rest layers, until the 20th layer of shaping terminates.
The straight wall structural member obtained after shaping 20 layers is as shown in Figure 3.
Embodiment
As in figure 2 it is shown, a kind of carbon steel long 160mm of straight wall structural member, highly 30mm, width 5mm.Electric arc fills silk and increases material system
Manufacturing apparatus is Panasonic YD-500FR power supply, and the step motor drive cross balladeur train shown in Fig. 1 is as motion.Wherein,
1 is workbench, and 4 is drip molding.
Preparation before shaping is: be fastened on L-shaped aluminum alloy plate materials 5 by GMAW welding gun, L-shaped aluminium alloy plate
Material 5 is fixed on motor and drives on cross balladeur train 6, and computer 8 sends I/O by PLC 7 and pulse signal realizes electricity
Machine drives the screw turns of cross balladeur train, then controls the upper and lower of GMAW welding gun 3 and side-to-side movement, passes through PLC
Making welding gun move on the right side of substrate at arcing point, the nozzle of GMAW welding gun to upper surface of base plate distance is 12-15mm.Substrate 2
For Q235 mild steel, filling silk material is high strength steel, titanium alloy, rustless steel or nickel-base high-temperature alloy material one therein.
Forming process protection gas is 95%Ar+5%CO2, packing material is H08Mn2Si welding wire, silk material diameter 1.2mm,
Q235 substrate size is 200mm × 100mm × 10mm, and forming mode uses Equidirectional type to shape.
Increase automatically controlling of material manufacture Equidirectional type forming mode forming parameter for realizing GMAW, need the computer of this process
Process control.Under VC++ environment, work out computer-controlled program, develop forming parameter control algolithm program, use PLC control
Device processed is master controller, completes GMAW and increases the logic control of material manufacture each execution action of Equidirectional type forming process, including rising
Arc action I/O controls to control with blow-out action I/O, examine the given control of gas signal I/O control, the I/O of motor and pulse signal
System, forming current, the given control of signal of telecommunication D/A of shaping voltage.Establishment PLC Human-machine Control interface, it is achieved above-mentioned each parameter
Control.
Forming parameter increments of change in starting the arc end length and blow-out end length is achieved in the following ways:
(1) voltage is shaped during setting shaping at starting the arc end initial value U1, stabilized end shapes voltage U, and blow-out end shapes electricity
Pressure end value U2；Forming speed is at starting the arc end initial value V1, stabilized end forming speed V, blow-out end forming speed end value V2；
Forming current stabilized end I, blow-out end forming current end value I2；Starting the arc end length L1, blow-out end length L2, computer sampling
Cycle P；
(2) shaping voltage, forming speed and the sampling period changing value of forming current are tried to achieve according to following formula:
ΔURise=| U-U1|(V1+V)P/(2L1)
ΔUPut out=| U-U2|(V2+V)P/(2L2)
ΔVRise=| V-V1|(V1+V)P/(2L1)
ΔVPut out=| V-V2|(V2+V)P/(2L2)
ΔIPut out=| I-I2|(V2+V)P/(2L2)
Wherein: Δ URiseVoltage variable quantity within the sampling period, Δ U is shaped for starting the arc endPut outVoltage is shaped in sampling week for blow-out end
Variable quantity in phase, Δ VRiseFor starting the arc end forming speed variable quantity within the sampling period, Δ VPut outAdopting for blow-out end forming speed
Variable quantity in the sample cycle, Δ IPut outFor blow-out end forming current variable quantity within the sampling period.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment comprises the steps:
Step one: use PLC to complete GMAW and increase the material manufacture process starting the arc and blow-out action I/O control, forming current
And the given control of signal of telecommunication D/A shaping voltage, the forming speed making starting the arc end is 1.2 times of steadily end with shaping voltage, puts out
The forming speed of arc end, forming current, shaping voltage are 0.7 times of steadily end, and starting the arc end shaping length is set as 8mm, puts out
Arc end shaping length is set as 8mm；Steadily end forming current is 120A, forming speed 4.2mm/s；
Step 2: shape before starting, completes forming speed, forming current and shaping voltage flat by PLC Human-machine Control interface
The initial setting of steady end, makes forming speed gradually decrease to put down when arriving steadily end with shaping voltage in starting the arc end shaping length
The forming speed of steady end and shaping magnitude of voltage；
Step 3: when forming process is close to blow-out end, be gradually reduced forming current, forming speed, one-tenth in blow-out end length
Shape voltage；After forming mode terminates, PLC disconnects control signal makes forming speed be zero, and electric arc extinguishes after continuing for 20ms；
Step 4: GMAW welding gun is raised 1.5mm, controls welding gun by PLC and returns to shape at starting the arc end；Layer
Between wait 1min, make drip molding upper surface temperature be cooled to 20 DEG C；
Step 5: continue to repeat step 2, step 3 and step 4, complete the shaping of rest layers, until total part shapes
Till being of the required size.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment comprises the steps:
Step one: use PLC to complete GMAW and increase the material manufacture process starting the arc and blow-out action I/O control, forming current
And the given control of signal of telecommunication D/A shaping voltage, the forming speed making starting the arc end is 1.5 times of steadily end with shaping voltage, puts out
The forming speed of arc end, forming current, shaping voltage are 0.95 times of steadily end, and starting the arc end shaping length is set as 15mm,
Blow-out end shaping length is set as 16mm；Steadily end forming current is 186A, forming speed 7.3mm/s；
Step 2: shape before starting, completes forming speed, forming current and shaping voltage flat by PLC Human-machine Control interface
The initial setting of steady end, makes forming speed gradually decrease to put down when arriving steadily end with shaping voltage in starting the arc end shaping length
The forming speed of steady end and shaping magnitude of voltage；
Step 3: when forming process is close to blow-out end, be gradually reduced forming current, forming speed, one-tenth in blow-out end length
Shape voltage；After forming mode terminates, PLC disconnects control signal makes forming speed be zero, and electric arc puts out after continuing for 1000ms
Go out；
Step 4: GMAW welding gun is raised 1.52mm, controls welding gun by PLC and returns to shape at starting the arc end；Layer
Between wait 5min, make drip molding upper surface temperature be cooled to 300 DEG C；
Step 5: continue to repeat step 2, step 3 and step 4, complete the shaping of rest layers, until total part shapes
Till being of the required size.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment comprises the steps:
Step one: use PLC to complete GMAW and increase the material manufacture process starting the arc and blow-out action I/O control, forming current
And the given control of signal of telecommunication D/A shaping voltage, the forming speed making starting the arc end is 1.4 times of steadily end with shaping voltage, puts out
The forming speed of arc end, forming current, shaping voltage are 0.9 times of steadily end, and starting the arc end shaping length is set as 10mm, puts out
Arc end shaping length is set as 9mm；Steadily end forming current is 150A, forming speed 5mm/s；
Step 2: shape before starting, completes forming speed, forming current and shaping voltage flat by PLC Human-machine Control interface
The initial setting of steady end, makes forming speed gradually decrease to put down when arriving steadily end with shaping voltage in starting the arc end shaping length
The forming speed of steady end and shaping magnitude of voltage；
Step 3: when forming process is close to blow-out end, be gradually reduced forming current, forming speed, one-tenth in blow-out end length
Shape voltage；After forming mode terminates, PLC disconnects control signal makes forming speed be zero, and electric arc extinguishes after continuing for 150ms；
Step 4: GMAW welding gun is raised 1.66mm, controls welding gun by PLC and returns to shape at starting the arc end；Layer
Between wait 3min, make drip molding upper surface temperature be cooled to 55 DEG C；.
Step 5: continue to repeat step 2, step 3 and step 4, complete the shaping of rest layers, until total part shapes
Till being of the required size.
The straight wall structural member obtained after shaping 20 layers is as shown in Figure 5.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment comprises the steps:
Step one: use PLC to complete GMAW and increase the material manufacture process starting the arc and blow-out action I/O control, forming current
And the given control of signal of telecommunication D/A shaping voltage, the forming speed making starting the arc end is 1.3 times of steadily end with shaping voltage, puts out
The forming speed of arc end, forming current, shaping voltage are 0.8 times of steadily end, and starting the arc end shaping length is set as 13mm, puts out
Arc end shaping length is set as 13mm；Steadily end forming current is 135A, forming speed 6.5mm/s,
Step 2: shape before starting, completes forming speed, forming current and shaping voltage flat by PLC Human-machine Control interface
The initial setting of steady end, makes forming speed gradually decrease to put down when arriving steadily end with shaping voltage in starting the arc end shaping length
The forming speed of steady end and shaping magnitude of voltage；
Step 3: when forming process is close to blow-out end, be gradually reduced forming current, forming speed, one-tenth in blow-out end length
Shape voltage；After forming mode terminates, PLC disconnects control signal makes forming speed be zero, and electric arc extinguishes after continuing for 545ms；
Step 4: GMAW welding gun is raised 1.44mm, controls welding gun by PLC and returns to shape at starting the arc end；Layer
Between wait 4min, make drip molding upper surface temperature be cooled to 150 DEG C；
Step 5: continue to repeat step 2, step 3 and step 4, complete the shaping of rest layers, until total part shapes
Till being of the required size.
Contrast on effect: when table 1 show distance test specimen starting the arc end different distance, after comparative example and embodiment 3 test specimen shape 20 layers
Whole height Data Comparison, for comparative example shape straight wall structural member for, the height of starting the arc end is 36.62mm, distance
At starting the arc end 80mm, height be 33.92mm, and the height of blow-out end is 22.16mm, and starting the arc end and the difference in height steadily held
For 2.7mm, blow-out end is 11.76mm with the difference in height of steadily end.
For the straight wall structural member that embodiment shapes, the height of starting the arc end is 31.82mm, high at distance starting the arc end 80mm
Degree is 33.4mm, and the height of blow-out end is 29.64mm, and starting the arc end is 1.58mm with the difference in height steadily held, blow-out end
It is 3.76mm with the difference in height of steadily end.
Contrast the straight wall structural member that above-mentioned 2 kinds of modes shape, it can be seen that starting the arc end and blow-out end that the present invention proposes shape shape
Looks control method reduces the height of starting the arc end, adds the height of blow-out end simultaneously, effectively reduces starting the arc end, blow-out end
With steadily hold size difference.
Table 1 comparative example and embodiment 3 forming height data compare
The principle of above-described embodiment only illustrative present invention and effect thereof, not for limiting the present invention.Any it is familiar with this skill
Above-described embodiment all can be modified under the spirit and the scope of the present invention or change by the personage of art.Therefore, all institutes
Belong to and technical field has all equivalences that usually intellectual is completed under without departing from disclosed spirit and technological thought
Modify or change, must be contained by the claim of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a GMAW increases material manufacture Equidirectional type forming mode shaping morphological control method, it is characterised in that include walking as follows
Rapid:
Step one: use PLC to complete GMAW and increase the material manufacture process starting the arc and blow-out action I/O control, forming current
And the given control of signal of telecommunication D/A shaping voltage, the forming speed making starting the arc end is 1.2-1.5 times of steadily end with shaping voltage,
The forming speed of blow-out end, forming current, shaping voltage are 0.7-0.95 times of steadily end, and starting the arc end shaping length is set as
8-15mm, blow-out end shaping length is set as 8-16mm；
Step 2: shape before starting, completes forming speed, forming current and shaping voltage flat by PLC Human-machine Control interface
The initial setting of steady end, makes forming speed gradually decrease to put down when arriving steadily end with shaping voltage in starting the arc end shaping length
The forming speed of steady end and shaping magnitude of voltage；
Step 3: when forming process is close to blow-out end, be gradually reduced forming current, forming speed, one-tenth in blow-out end length
Shape voltage；After forming mode terminates, PLC disconnects control signal makes forming speed be zero, after electric arc continues for 20-1000ms
Extinguish；
Step 4: GMAW welding gun is raised a floor height, controls welding gun by PLC and returns to shape at starting the arc end；
Interlayer waits 1-5min, makes drip molding upper surface temperature be cooled to 20-300 DEG C；
Step 5: continue to repeat step 2, step 3 and step 4, complete the shaping of rest layers, until total part shapes
Till being of the required size.
GMAW the most according to claim 1 increases material and manufactures Equidirectional type forming mode shaping morphological control method, its feature
It is: forming parameter increments of change in starting the arc end length and blow-out end length is achieved in the following ways:
(1) voltage is shaped during setting shaping at starting the arc end initial value U1, stabilized end shapes voltage U, and blow-out end shapes electricity
Pressure end value U2；Forming speed is at starting the arc end initial value V1, stabilized end forming speed V, blow-out end forming speed end value V2；
Forming current stabilized end I, blow-out end forming current end value I2；Starting the arc end length L1, blow-out end length L2, computer sampling
Cycle P；
(2) shaping voltage, forming speed and the sampling period changing value of forming current are tried to achieve according to following formula:
ΔURise=| U-U1|(V1+V)P/(2L1)
ΔUPut out=| U-U2|(V2+V)P/(2L2)
ΔVRise=| V-V1|(V1+V)P/(2L1)
ΔVPut out=| V-V2|(V2+V)P/(2L2)
ΔIPut out=| I-I2|(V2+V)P/(2L2)
Wherein: Δ URiseVoltage variable quantity within the sampling period, Δ U is shaped for starting the arc endPut outVoltage is shaped in sampling week for blow-out end
Variable quantity in phase, Δ VRiseFor starting the arc end forming speed variable quantity within the sampling period, Δ VPut outAdopting for blow-out end forming speed
Variable quantity in the sample cycle, Δ IPut outFor blow-out end forming current variable quantity within the sampling period.
GMAW the most according to claim 1 increases material and manufactures Equidirectional type forming mode shaping morphological control method, its feature
It is: described steadily end forming current is 120-186A, forming speed 4.2-7.3mm/s.
GMAW the most according to claim 1 increases material and manufactures Equidirectional type forming mode shaping morphological control method, its feature
Being: the initial set value of starting the arc end forming speed is 1.2-1.5 times of steadily end, the initial set value shaping voltage is steadily to hold
1.2-1.4 times.
GMAW the most according to claim 1 increases material and manufactures Equidirectional type forming mode shaping morphological control method, its feature
It is: starting the arc end shaping length is set as that 10-13mm, blow-out end shaping length are set as 9-13mm.
GMAW the most according to claim 1 increases material and manufactures Equidirectional type forming mode shaping morphological control method, its feature
Being: at blow-out end end, forming speed and forming current are 0.7-0.9 times of steadily end, it is flat for shaping voltage at blow-out end end
0.7-0.95 times of steady end.
GMAW the most according to claim 1 increases material and manufactures Equidirectional type forming mode shaping morphological control method, its feature
Being: after each layer of shaping completes, forming speed is set as zero, it is 150-545ms that electric arc continues for the time.
GMAW the most according to claim 1 increases material and manufactures Equidirectional type forming mode shaping morphological control method, its feature
It is: interlayer temperature is cooled to 55-150 DEG C.
GMAW the most according to claim 1 increases material and manufactures Equidirectional type forming mode shaping morphological control method, its feature
It is: the preparation before shaping is: GMAW welding gun is fastened on L-shaped aluminum alloy plate materials, L-shaped aluminium alloy plate
Material is fixed on motor and drives on cross balladeur train, and computer sends I/O by PLC and pulse signal realizes motor and drives ten
The screw turns of word balladeur train, then controls the upper and lower of GMAW welding gun and side-to-side movement, makes welding gun move by PLC
At substrate, the nozzle of GMAW welding gun to upper surface of base plate distance is 12-15mm.
GMAW the most according to claim 9 increases material and manufactures Equidirectional type forming mode shaping morphological control method, its feature
Be: substrate is Q235 mild steel, fill silk material be high strength steel, titanium alloy, rustless steel or nickel-base high-temperature alloy material its
In one.
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