Background technology
Sponge material has special loose structure, and this makes it have the strongest absorbent properties, when contacting with wound surface, blood and transudate are absorbed by the pore of sponge, and to sponge interior shifting, thus avoid wound to be immersed in for a long time in blood and transudate, prevent suppurating sore.On the other hand, sucking the transudate within sponge material the most volatile, and can keep the gas permeability of wound surface, this is provided that a suitable moist environment, accelerates the growth of wound granulation tissue, promotes wound surface quickly-healing.Therefore sponge material is highly suitable for making medical external dressing material, and technological process is short, and cost is relatively low.
In recent years, by freeze-drying, it is prepared for the outer compress material of multiple sponge.Such as the sponge dressing prepared with chitosan iodide, it has the hemostasis of chitosan concurrently, anti-is adhered, the broad-spectrum high efficacy sterilization of iodine and sponge high-absorbable and moisturizing breathability (Li Ranran etc., Chinese invention patent CN104610568
A);By by chitosan, collagen and calcium alginate compounded, the biological dressing of preparation has active function and the anastalsis promoting wound healing, its good biocompatibility, and adhesiveness is strong, can be widely applied to process (the Chinese invention patent CN of wound, burn wound
1380109 A);A kind of modified composite sponge dressing prepared by salmon collagen, carboxymethyl chitosan, gelatin and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, it has biocompatibility, and water absorption, breathability, moisture retention are all preferable, beneficially wound healing (Chinese invention patent CN
104524620 A);With gelatin as raw material, the wound surface hemostasis using freeze-drying method to prepare is preferable with repairing effect, medical collagen sponge material (the Chinese invention patent CN that price is relatively low
1416907 A);With chitosan, collagen and glycerol as raw material, sponge medical dressing (the Chinese invention patent CN that a kind of biology prepared by freeze-drying is combined
1425471 A).
Along with the lifting of popular life level, patient and doctor process and the effectiveness of agglutination, the suitability, ease for operation or even the shortest lifting of requirement of comfortableness for wound.Therefore the development about outer compress material becomes the focus of research the most therewith.Outer compress material can not only flap coverage, play temporary transient iris action thus avoid wound further injured and infect, also be able to absorbing wound exudate simultaneously, keep wound surface gas exchange, create suitable moist environment, promote wound healing.
Sodium alginate is a kind of macromolecular polysaccharide with biocompatibility, is also nontoxic, the linear polyuronide class natural polyelectrolytes of a class.The water-fast salt that alginic acid and bivalent metal ion are formed by ionic bond, when contacting with blood or transudate, sodium ion therein can exchange with metal ion generation ion, generate water miscible sodium alginate, this promotes the healing of wound to a certain extent, but the profile of dressing can quickly be destroyed, making troubles to the subsequent treatment of wound, this is also current medical alginate dressing common problem.Therefore, feather keratin is grafted by covalent bond with sodium alginate, the mechanical property of material, resistance to water, formability and biocompatibility can be improved, thus expand keratin and the application of material.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide the preparation method of a kind of feather keratin grafting alginic acid bio-sponge dressing.
One, the preparation of feather keratin grafting alginic acid bio-sponge dressing
Feather keratin is dissolved in dispersion liquid by the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:4 ~ 1:20 g/mL, forms feather keratin solution;Join after sodium alginate is dissolved in distilled water by the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:4 ~ 1:20 g/mL in above-mentioned feather keratin solution, lower mix homogeneously is stirred at room temperature;Add condensing agent, stir 0.5 ~ 2 h;Add condensation auxiliary agent, and regulation system pH value is to 4 ~ 7, stir 1 ~ 5 h;It is subsequently adding plasticizer and inorganic crosslinking agent, continues stirring 0.5 ~ 2
h;After reaction terminates, with distilled water dialysis 20 ~ 24 h, lyophilization under the conditions of lucifuge, obtain the outer compress material of feather keratin base biology of feather keratin grafting alginic acid.
Raw material feather keratin is the feather keratin extracted from discarded poultry feather, and its extraction process is shown in CN 200810150653.2, CN
201010161425.2.Feather keratin is 1:1 ~ 1:5 with the mass ratio of sodium alginate.
Dispersion liquid be concentration be 0.8 ~ 8 mol/L urea liquid or dilute alkaline soln, such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide solution etc..
Condensing agent uses 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride;The addition of condensing agent is 0.1 ~ 1.0 times of feather keratin quality.
Condensation auxiliary agent uses N-hydroxy-succinamide;Addition is feather keratin quality 0.05 ~ 0.5 times of condensation auxiliary agent.
Plasticizer is at least one in glycerol, ethylene glycol, Sorbitol, maltose alcohol;The addition of plasticizer is 0.3 ~ 3 times of feather keratin quality.
Inorganic crosslinking agent is calcium chloride or magnesium chloride;The addition of inorganic crosslinking agent is 0.02 ~ 1 times of feather keratin quality.
Two, the structural characterization of feather keratin grafting alginic acid bio-sponge dressing
Below by infrared spectrum, the heat modern instrument means such as analysis, scanning electron microscope its structure and micro structure characterized and analyze.
1, macro morphology
Fig. 1 is the macro morphology of feather keratin grafting alginic acid sponge dressing prepared by the present invention.It can be seen that feather keratin grafting alginic acid sponge dressing is spongy solid material, and there is the pliability of excellence.
2, infrared spectrum analysis
Fig. 2 is the infrared spectrum of feather keratin grafting alginic acid bio-sponge dressing prepared by the present invention.In this infrared spectrum, 1654
cm-1、1535 cm-1、1224 cm-1Near occur in that the characteristic absorption peak (amide I, II, III carry) of albumen.At 1400 cm-1There is the symmetrical stretching vibration peak that in sodium alginate, carboxylate radical produces in place, and illustrates that feather keratin is the most successfully grafted with alginic acid.
3, thermogravimetric analysis
Use thermogravimetric analysis (TG) (N2Protection;Temperature elevating range: 25 DEG C ~ 800 DEG C;Programming rate: 10 DEG C/min) test its heat stability (Fig. 3).Result shows, the main weightless interval of feather keratin grafting alginic acid bio-sponge dressing is 200 DEG C ~ 400 DEG C, 400 DEG C ~ 740 DEG C, and compared with raw material feather keratin, sodium alginate, heat stability increases substantially.
4, scanning electron microscope analysis
Fig. 4 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of feather keratin grafting alginic acid bio-sponge dressing.As seen from Figure 4, there is multistage lamella the inside of feather keratin grafting alginic acid bio-sponge dressing, and has not of uniform size, the pore structure of connection, and aperture is 50 ~ 100 μm.This structure can quick absorbing wound exudate, keep wound surface to be dried, also can be conducive to passing through of steam;It is simultaneously also beneficial to the load of medicine, makes sponge dressing have good drug carrying ability.
Three, the performance of feather keratin grafting alginic acid bio-sponge dressing
Investigate the water absorbing properties of feather keratin grafting alginic acid bio-sponge dressing prepared by the present invention below, inhale salt performance, water retention property, water vapo(u)r transmission, antibiotic property and vitro drug release behavior.
1, water absorbing properties and suction saline solution performance
It is grafted the fitness as the outer compress material of bio-medical of the alginic acid sponge dressing to evaluate feather keratin, tests under room temperature (25 DEG C), the water absorbing properties (Fig. 5) of sponge dressing and suction saline solution performance (Fig. 6).Result shows: feather keratin grafting alginic acid bio-sponge dressing reaches more than 50% to the absorbtivity of water, and its swelling ratio reaches 2400%.Swelling ratio in saline solution reaches 950%, absorbs saline solution amount more than 40%.Show that feather keratin grafting alginic acid sponge dressing has the absorbability of excellence, and the most sensitive to saline solution, its application in medical external dressing material can be met completely.
2, water retention property and water vapo(u)r transmission energy
The water retention property test result of feather keratin grafting alginic acid bio-sponge dressing is shown in Fig. 7.Find that the water retention of this bio-sponge dressing reaches 1130%.Show that feather keratin grafting alginic acid sponge dressing can create suitable moist environment for wound healing, promote wound healing.
The water vapo(u)r transmission energy test result of feather keratin grafting alginic acid bio-sponge dressing is shown in Fig. 8.The steam penetrating capacity finding this bio-sponge dressing is 153 g m-2·h-1, with blank group (193.8 g m-2·h-1) close, show that this sponge dressing can keep moisture and air permeable, eliminate wound surface abnormal flavour, it is to avoid wound hydrops, promote healing.
3, anti-microbial property
With feather keratin grafting alginic acid sponge dressing as pharmaceutical carrier, select extensive pedigree antibiotic (benzalkonium chloride), investigated the anti-microbial property of sponge dressing.(potato dextrose agar is a kind of conventional solid medium, suitable culture yeasts bacterium, mycete etc. to use potato dextrose agar.) carry out antibacterial activity test.In culture dish, divide three regions, using filter paper as substrate, being respectively coated with potato culture (A), potato culture and do not add the sponge dressing (B) of Benza on filter paper, the 3rd region is potato culture and the sponge dressing (C) adding Benza.After culture medium is placed in incubator, observes trizonal situation and take pictures.Test result indicate that, after cultivating 72 h, blank group (A) place starts a little black mold speckle occur;There is not more black mold speckle in matched group (B) sample surfaces;The most there is not the mould bacterial plaque of black in sample sets (C).After cultivating 120 h, blank major part region, group (A) surface has covered very many black mold speckles;There is the mould bacterial plaque of part in matched group (B), but in sample neighboring area, mould bacterial plaque occurs less;, only there is a small amount of mould bacterial plaque in culture medium edge in sample sets (C) place, and mould bacterial plaque the most do not occur in other regions.After cultivating 168 h, the mycete of blank group (A) has been completely covered media surface;Matched group (B) occurs less in sample periphery, mould bacterial plaque;There is less mould bacterial plaque (Fig. 9) in sample sets (C).This shows that feather keratin grafting alginic acid sponge dressing has certain antibiotic property, by load antibacterial so that it is have stronger bacteriostasis property.
4, release in vitro behavior
Under conditions of shell temperature (37 DEG C), simulation blood pH=7.4, by load small molecule model medicine (rhodamine B), having investigated the vitro drug release behavior of feather keratin grafting alginic acid sponge dressing, result is as shown in Figure 10.At 3 initial h, rhodamine B discharges from feather keratin grafting alginic acid sponge dressing, and its preparation is 53%, discharges the mildest afterwards.After 13 h, its preparation has reached 74%.Therefore, utilize the multistage lamella microcellular structure of feather keratin grafting alginic acid sponge dressing, the controllable release of drug molecule can be realized.
In sum, the present invention is with biocompatible natural polymer keratin, sodium alginate as raw material, a kind of feather keratin grafting alginic acid natural polymer bio-sponge dressing of preparation, there is absorbent properties, water retention property and the water vapo(u)r transmission energy of excellence, and sponge dressing has brine sensitivity, suitable moist environment can be created for wound healing, promote wound healing.Anti-microbial property and release in vitro research show, this bio-sponge dressing has stronger bacteriostasis property, and small molecule model medicine is had slow release effect, are expected to be applied at field of medicaments as the biological outer compress material of a kind of new function.