CN105871299A

CN105871299A - Solar power generation system

Info

Publication number: CN105871299A
Application number: CN201610297205.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙啸
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2016-02-24
Filing date: 2016-02-24
Publication date: 2016-08-17
Also published as: CN105897121A; CN106026855A; CN105958903A; CN105932932A; CN105680770A; CN105811857A

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar power generation system which comprises multiple thin-film solar cells, N-type semiconductors, P-type semiconductors, a heat conduction base, a storage battery unit, a controller unit, temperature sensors, a water pump, electronic control valves, water pipes, two electric telescopic rods, a support column, a threaded telescopic rod, a support bottom plate and a sensing head. The N-type semiconductors and the P-type semiconductors are both in an I shape; flow guiding baffles are crisscross arranged in a water storage cavity formed in the heat conduction base; the two electric telescopic rods and the support column are supported between the heat conduction base and the support bottom plate; the N-type semiconductors and the P-type semiconductors are alternately arranged, and each N-type semiconductor and the adjacent P-type semiconductor are connected in series; the thin-film solar cells are connected in series and then connected with the N-type semiconductors and the P-type semiconductors in series to charge the storage battery unit. According to the solar power generation system, solar power generation and temperature-difference power generation are effectively combined, solar energy and geothermal energy are very effectively utilized, and the power generation efficiency is higher.

Description

A kind of solar power system

The application is filing date 2016-02-24, Application No. 2016101021165, invention entitled one The divisional application of the patent application of device of solar generating.

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of device of solar generating, belong to technical field of new energy power generation.

Background technology

Solar energy, as a kind of important clean energy resource, utilizes the solar power station of solar energy, both can be large-scale Power station, it is also possible to be household small-size power station.Large-scale power station is generally of substantial amounts of solar power generation unit, and family As long as having one or two generator unit with small hydropower station.The collection solar energy of each solar power generation unit Equipment is mainly some solar panels, and these solar panels need to be supported on ground by support means On.Further, due to regional disparity, Four seasons change and the sun irradiation angle change of different time in every day Reason, the angle of solar panel needs to adjust, could increase the efficiency of generating.Angle of solar cell panel Adjustment both included that the elevation angle adapting to Four seasons change adjusted, the angle tune of sooner or later change in also including being suitable for a day Whole.

But, at support and the angular adjustment apparatus (also known as solar bracket) of the existing solar panel of China In, the standard specifications that neither one is complete and regular, can support be divided into: 1, tracking support with double shafts, Can either adapt to Four seasons change, it is also possible to adapt to the change of intraday morning and evening, this equipment uses single vertical mostly Post supports total weight, the less stable of structure, and it is little that large-scale solar power station uses；2, single shaft Follow the tracks of support, only the sun anglec of rotation is tracked, the angle of time change sooner or later in i.e. carrying out adapting to a day Adjusting, cost is the most higher, and control system and operation are also at feedback and evaluation, and maintenance cost is higher；3, solid Fixed pattern support, is different according to geographical position, sets the mean value of year solar illumination angle, determine that solar energy is sent out A kind of fixed support of the setting angle of electric unit, input cost is low, but generated energy is on the low side.To sum up, therefore need The support designing a kind of solar panel that can consider generating efficiency and equipment cost is adjusted with angle Engagement positions.

Thermoelectric generator, is the solid state device of a kind of static state, does not has rotatable parts, and volume is little, the life-span is long, work Noiseless when making, and need not safeguard, become the focus of space power system research and development, significantly have stimulated thermoelectric technology Development.The physical explanation of Thomson effect is exactly: in metal during non-uniform temperature, the freedom of temperature eminence Electronics is bigger than the free electron kinetic energy of temperature lower.As gas, thermal diffusion can be produced when non-uniform temperature, Therefore free electron spreads to temperature low side from temperature is high-end, piles up in low-temperature end, thus shape in conductor Become electric field, just draw into an electrical potential difference at metal bar two ends.The diffusion of this free electron is performed until electricity Till the effect of electronics is balanced by field force with the thermal diffusion of electronics.How by skilful to solar electrical energy generation and thermo-electric generation Wonderful combine, that is solar cell is certain to produce heat during generating.If by this Heat transports to thermoelectric generator, utilizes thermo-electric generation effect the heat energy of solar electrical energy generation to be converted to electric energy, at present The research article of this respect is little.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that the heat energy that solar electrical energy generation produces can not quickly transmit and utilize, and Generate electricity is inefficient.

In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of device of solar generating, including multiple films Solar cell, M N-type semiconductor, M P-type semiconductor, heat-conducting base, secondary battery unit, control Device unit, 4M temperature sensor, water pump, N number of electric control valve, N number of water pipe, two electric expansion bars, A piece support column, a screw telescopic bar, one piece of support baseboard and the sensing head of a truncated pyramid shape；Its In, M >=6, N >=3, conical surface number >=6 of truncated pyramid shape；

Described N-type semiconductor, P-type semiconductor are all in " work " font；

Described heat-conducting base is square, and inside is provided with storage cavity；It is provided with in the left side of heat-conducting base and stores up The water inlet that water cavity is connected, is provided with the delivery port being connected with storage cavity at the top of heat-conducting base；? Flow apron it is staggeredly equipped with between front inner wall and the rear side inwall of storage cavity, and flow apron and water inlet Water inlet direction perpendicular；The top edge of flow apron and storage cavity top inner wall interval are at 1～2 centimetre Between；

Two described electric expansion bars and a support column are supported between heat-conducting base and support baseboard, and point It is not positioned at three apex of equilateral triangle；The two ends up and down of electric expansion bar globular hinge respectively is at the bottom of heat conduction On seat and support baseboard；The lower end of support column is fixedly mounted on support baseboard, and upper end globular hinge is at the bottom of heat conduction On seat；

Described screw telescopic bar is vertically installed on support baseboard, and sensing head is arranged on the top of screw telescopic bar End；It is equipped with light sensor on the truncation face of described sensing head and each conical surface；

The signal output part of each light sensor of sensing head inputs with each signal of controller unit respectively End is connected；The signal output part of controller unit is connected with the control end of electric expansion bar；

The length of described N number of water pipe differs, and length range is between 5 meters to 200 meters；

Described N-type semiconductor and P-type semiconductor are spaced, and adjacent N-type semiconductor and p-type are partly Connect between conductor；

Described multiple thin-film solar cells series connection, then connects with N-type semiconductor and P-type semiconductor, Charge to secondary battery unit afterwards；

Multiple thin-film solar cells are arranged at the upper surface of N-type semiconductor, P-type semiconductor, and film is too Sun can battery and N-type semiconductor, the contact surface insulation of P-type semiconductor；

The upper surface of described heat-conducting base and N-type semiconductor, the lower surface insulated contact of P-type semiconductor；

N-type semiconductor, the upper and lower surface of P-type semiconductor are respectively provided with temperature sensor, temperature sensor Electrically connect with controller unit；

Described N number of water pipe is each perpendicular to ground, and is arranged at below ground；

Described water pipe connects the water inlet of water pump respectively by electric control valve, and the delivery port of water pump connects at the bottom of heat conduction The water inlet of seat；

The end that controls of described electric control valve is all connected with the control signal output port of controller unit, controls simultaneously Device unit controls startup and the stopping of water pump.

As the scheme that limits further of the present invention, described controller unit uses AT89S52 single-chip microcomputer.

As the scheme that limits further of the present invention, the water inlet of described water pump can pass through a multi input list The conversion equipment of output connects the delivery outlet of the electric control valve of each water pipe.

As the scheme that limits further of the present invention, described electric control valve employing single-chip microcomputer can be directly actuated Electrically operated valve.

Present invention also offers the manufacture method of a kind of device of solar generating, including multiple thin film solars electricity Pond, M N-type semiconductor, M P-type semiconductor, heat-conducting base, secondary battery unit, controller unit, 4M temperature sensor, water pump, N number of electric control valve, N number of water pipe, two electric expansion bars, supports Post, a screw telescopic bar, one piece of support baseboard and the sensing head of a truncated pyramid shape；Wherein, M >=6, N >=3, conical surface number >=6 of truncated pyramid shape；

Concretely comprise the following steps:

Step 1, described N-type semiconductor and P-type semiconductor are spaced, and adjacent N-type semiconductor And connect between P-type semiconductor；Described multiple thin-film solar cells series connection, then with N-type semiconductor and P-type semiconductor is connected, and finally charges to secondary battery unit；

Step 2, N-type semiconductor, the upper and lower surface of P-type semiconductor are respectively provided with temperature sensor, warm Degree sensor electrically connects with controller unit；

Step 3, multiple thin-film solar cells are bonded at N-type semiconductor, P-type semiconductor by heat conductive silica gel Upper surface, and thin-film solar cells and N-type semiconductor, the contact surface insulation of P-type semiconductor；Described The upper surface of heat-conducting base is bonded at the lower surface of N-type semiconductor, P-type semiconductor by heat conductive silica gel；

Step 4, described N number of water pipe is each perpendicular to ground, and is embedded in below ground；Described water pipe divides Tong Guo not connect the water inlet of water pump by electric control valve, the delivery port of water pump connects the water inlet of heat-conducting base；Described The end that controls of electric control valve be all connected with the control signal output port of controller unit, controller unit control simultaneously The startup of water pump processed and stopping；

Step 5, described heat-conducting base is square, and inside is provided with storage cavity；Left side at heat-conducting base It is provided with the water inlet being connected with storage cavity, is provided with going out of being connected with storage cavity at the top of heat-conducting base The mouth of a river；It is staggeredly equipped with flow apron, and flow apron between the front inner wall and rear side inwall of storage cavity Perpendicular with the water inlet direction of water inlet；The top edge of flow apron and storage cavity top inner wall interval exist Between 1～2 centimetre；

Step 6, two described electric expansion bars and support column be supported in heat-conducting base and support baseboard it Between, and lay respectively at three apex of equilateral triangle；The two ends up and down of electric expansion bar globular hinge respectively On heat-conducting base and support baseboard；The lower end of support column is fixedly mounted on support baseboard, upper end globular hinge On heat-conducting base；

Step 7, described screw telescopic bar is vertically installed on support baseboard, and sensing head is arranged on screw telescopic The top of bar；It is equipped with light sensor on the truncation face of described sensing head and each conical surface；

Step 8, the signal output part of each light sensor of sensing head respectively with controller unit each letter Number input is connected；The signal output part of controller unit is connected with the control end of electric expansion bar.

Present invention also offers the control method of a kind of device of solar generating, including multiple thin film solars electricity Pond, M N-type semiconductor, M P-type semiconductor, heat-conducting base, secondary battery unit, controller unit, 4M temperature sensor, water pump, N number of electric control valve, N number of water pipe, two electric expansion bars, supports Post, a screw telescopic bar, one piece of support baseboard and the sensing head of a truncated pyramid shape；Wherein, M >=6, N >=3, conical surface number >=6 of truncated pyramid shape；

The end that controls of described electric control valve is all connected with the control signal output port of controller unit, controls simultaneously Device unit controls startup and the stopping of water pump；The numbered i, i=1,2 of electric control valve ..., N；

Concrete control method is:

Step 1, controller unit controls starting mode of pump, then controls to open each electric control valve successively 5 minutes, It is then shut off this electric control valve；During each electric control valve is opened, N-type is partly led by controller unit Body, P-type semiconductor upper surface all temperature sensor collections numerical value summation then average, be designated as Mi；The number that all temperature sensors of N-type semiconductor, the lower surface of P-type semiconductor are gathered by controller unit Then value summation averages, and is designated as Ni；Mi Yu Ni makees poor taking absolute value and is designated as Xi, then preserves Xi；

Step 2, controller unit controls to open the electric control valve corresponding to max{Xi}；

Step 3, light sensor Real-time Collection sensing head each facing to light intensity, and by controller list Unit controls the collapsing length of two electric expansion bars according to the light intensity in each face received, thus controls multiple Thin-film solar cells towards angle.

Present invention also offers a kind of solar power system, including multiple device of solar generating；

Described device of solar generating includes multiple thin-film solar cells, M N-type semiconductor, M P Type semiconductor, heat-conducting base, secondary battery unit, controller unit, 4M temperature sensor, water pump, N Individual electric control valve, N number of water pipe, two electric expansion bars, support column, screw telescopic bar, one piece Support baseboard and the sensing head of a truncated pyramid shape；Wherein, M >=6, N >=3, the conical surface of truncated pyramid shape Number >=6；

The end that controls of described electric control valve is all connected with the control signal output port of controller unit, controls simultaneously Device unit controls startup and the stopping of water pump；

Electrical network is connected by DC/AC unit after the secondary battery unit parallel connection of all device of solar generating.

Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the current invention that:

First, solar electrical energy generation module is together in series with semi-conductor thermo-electric generation module, it is provided that generating voltage And generated energy；

Second, utilization is all clean energy resource, is solar energy and geothermal energy respectively；

3rd, N-type semiconductor, P-type semiconductor are all in " work " font, and first, this design is greatly improved N-type semiconductor, P-type semiconductor and thin-film solar cells, the contact area of heat-conducting base；Secondly, N Type semiconductor, P-type semiconductor and thin-film solar cells, the contact surface of heat-conducting base are no longer necessary to arrange metal Sheet and heat-conducting plate so that structure is simpler, finally, though the heat conductivility of N-type semiconductor, P-type semiconductor So not as the good heat conductivity of conductor, but during thermo-electric generation, N-type semiconductor, P-type semiconductor Heat conductivility still exist, the heat energy of a final end face still can spread to another end face, and N Type semiconductor, " work " font design of P-type semiconductor can be greatly prolonged diffusion time of heat energy, thus greatly N-type semiconductor, P-type semiconductor thermo-electric generation efficiency are provided greatly；

4th, be crisscross arranged in the storage cavity of heat-conducting base flow apron, makes flow apron in storage cavity The interior separation constitutes water stream channel, and top edge and the storage cavity top inner wall of flow apron exists interval simultaneously, as The current of this lower floor uniformly spread along water stream channel Tortuous flow, and the current on upper strata quickly flow from the interval of top Dynamic, quickly the current of flowing play quick heat radiating effect, and the current of Tortuous flow play buffering accumulation of energy even results, Levels carries out heat interaction simultaneously, it is ensured that thermal diffusion is the fastest but also stable and uniform ground is carried out；

5th, the length of N number of water pipe differs and is arranged at subsurface and is all connected with water pump, due to underground water Being constant temperature, and degree of depth different temperatures is different, such as the when of summer, outdoor temperature is high, and the temperature of underground water Spending low, the when of winter, outdoor temperature is low and the temperature of underground water high, but when change in depth is bigger, i.e. For macroscopic view, underground water more deep water temperature is the highest.From ground the deepest 100 meters, temperature increases about 2-3 degrees centigrade.The formation temperature of 5～10 meters below earth's surface does not becomes with the change of outside atmosphere temperature Change, maintain 15～17 DEG C throughout the year.So equal due to the upper and lower surface of N-type semiconductor, P-type semiconductor Being provided with temperature sensor, controller unit controls starting mode of pump, the then water in the different water pipe of circulation extraction, This time N-type semiconductor, P-type semiconductor upper and lower surface arrange temperature sensor gather temperature Degree does difference, if water pump connects 20 meters of deep water pipes, temperature approach is maximum, then water pump just has been used up 20 meters of deep water pipes supply water, and the generating efficiency of such thermo-electric generation is maximum, and the delivery port of heat-conducting base Water supply installation, such as water tank etc. can be connected；

6th, utilize the sunray intensity in sensing head Real-time Collection all directions, and will by voltage collector The voltage signal gathered is sent to controller unit and processes, then by controller unit according to setup control rule Drive two electric expansion bars to carry out expanding-contracting action so that multiple thin-film solar cells towards angle begin There is optimal sunray receiving efficiency eventually；

7th, utilize two electric expansion bars and a support column to realize bikini and support, be effectively increased support Stability, and support column is that lower end is fixed, the semi-movable of upper end globular hinge connects, and electric expansion bar is The complete movable connection of upper and lower side globular hinge, support column plays the effect that single-point support is stable, and two electronic stretches Contracting bar plays the effect of two point angular adjustment, cooperate jointly complete multiple thin-film solar cells towards angle Degree regulation；

8th, utilize screw telescopic bar can conveniently regulate the height of sensing head, prevent multiple thin film solar electricity Pond regulation towards during block the light of sensing head, make sensing head have more preferable adaptation ability.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the device of solar generating structural representation of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is the sensing head plan structure schematic diagram of the present invention；

Fig. 3 is the control principle schematic diagram of the water pipe of the present invention of the present invention, water pump；

Fig. 4 is the block diagram of the solar power system of the present invention；

Fig. 5 is the heat dissipation base structural representation of the present invention；

Fig. 6 is sectional view at A-A in Fig. 5.

Detailed description of the invention

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings invention is described in further detail.

As shown in figures 1 to 6, a kind of device of solar generating of the present invention, including multiple thin-film solar cells, 10 N-type semiconductors, 10 P-type semiconductors, heat-conducting base, secondary battery unit, controller unit, 40 Individual temperature sensor, water pump, 10 electric control valves, 10 water pipes, two electric expansion bars, supports Post, a screw telescopic bar, one piece of support baseboard and the sensing head of a truncated pyramid shape；Wherein, truncation The conical surface number of pyramid is 8；

Described heat-conducting base is square, and inside is provided with storage cavity；It is provided with in the left side of heat-conducting base and stores up The water inlet that water cavity is connected, is provided with the delivery port being connected with storage cavity at the top of heat-conducting base；? Flow apron it is staggeredly equipped with between front inner wall and the rear side inwall of storage cavity, and flow apron and water inlet Water inlet direction perpendicular；The top edge of flow apron and storage cavity top inner wall interval are at 1～2 centimetre Between；Flow apron separates composition water stream channel in storage cavity, as illustrated in Figures 5 and 6；

The length of described N number of water pipe differs, length range between 5 meters to 200 meters, 10 water pipes Length be respectively 5 meters, 10 meters, 15 meters, 20 meters, 25 meters, 50 meters, 75 meters, 100 meters, 125 meters, 150 meters, it is each perpendicular to ground and is arranged at below ground；

N-type semiconductor and P-type semiconductor are spaced, and adjacent N-type semiconductor and P-type semiconductor Between connect；Multiple thin-film solar cells are connected, and then connect with N-type semiconductor and P-type semiconductor, Charge to secondary battery unit afterwards；Multiple thin-film solar cells be arranged at N-type semiconductor, P-type semiconductor upper Surface, and thin-film solar cells and N-type semiconductor, the contact surface insulation of P-type semiconductor；Described leads The upper surface of hot base and N-type semiconductor, the lower surface insulated contact of P-type semiconductor；N-type semiconductor, P The upper and lower surface of type semiconductor is respectively provided with temperature sensor, and temperature sensor is electrically connected with controller unit Connect；Described N number of water pipe is each perpendicular to ground, and is arranged at below ground；Described water pipe passes through respectively Electric control valve connects the water inlet of water pump, and the delivery port of water pump connects the water inlet of heat-conducting base；Electric control valve Controlling end and be all connected with the control signal output port of controller unit, such controller unit can control each Being turned on and off of electrically operated valve, controller unit controls startup and the stopping of water pump simultaneously.

Wherein, described controller unit uses AT89S52 single-chip microcomputer.The water inlet of described water pump is to pass through The conversion equipment of one multiple input single output connects the delivery outlet of the electric control valve of each water pipe.

Wherein, temperature sensor is respectively arranged at the upper following table of the upper and lower surface of N-type semiconductor, P-type semiconductor Face, the data of upper surface all of temperature sensor collection average, and all of temperature sensor of lower surface is adopted The data of collection are averaged, and so latter two mean value takes difference, and during difference maximum, thermo-electric generation efficiency is the highest.

Operation principle of the present invention illustrates: the length of multiple water pipes differs and be vertically installed in subsurface and all Being connected with water pump, owing to underground water is constant temperature, and degree of depth different temperatures is different, such as room when of summer Outer temperature is high, and the temperature of underground water is low, sunlight thin-film solar cells generating when of daytime in summer, Certain heat can be produced while generating, this partial heat be delivered to N-type semiconductor, P-type semiconductor upper Surface, as hot junction, and the temperature of underground water is relatively low, passes to N-type semiconductor, p-type by heat-conducting base Semiconductor lower surface, as cold end, thus the most cold and hot end thermo-electric generation；Otherwise the when of winter, the winter It when outdoor temperature low and the temperature of underground water high.

When change in depth is bigger, i.e. for macroscopic view, underground water more deep water temperature is the highest.From ground down The deepest 100 meters, temperature increases about 2-3 degrees centigrade.The formation temperature of 5～10 meters below earth's surface is the most not Change with the change of outside atmosphere temperature, maintain 15～17 DEG C throughout the year.

As for why have employed 4M temperature sensor？Reason is as follows: N-type semiconductor, P-type semiconductor The numerical value of the temperature sensor collection of upper surface is averaged and N-type semiconductor, the lower surface of P-type semiconductor The numerical value of temperature sensor collection is averaged and is done difference, and difference the biggest thermo-electric generation efficiency is the highest；Average It is more accurate that exact value difference judges.

As for why have employed multiple water pipe？Reason is as follows: the when of summer, and underground water temperature is relatively low, but The underground water temperature being proximate to earth's surface is the highest, when the degree of depth reaches to a certain degree, and water temperature can be more and more higher；Winter It when, underground water temperature can be higher, but also can be relatively low near the underground water temperature on earth's surface, when the degree of depth reaches To a certain extent, water temperature can be more and more higher；So water pump is by connecting multiple water pipes, and needing can the when of generating To select that water pipe (the i.e. upper and lower surface of N-type semiconductor, P-type semiconductor most beneficial for thermo-electric generation Temperature approach is maximum).

Controller unit controls starting mode of pump, the then water in the different water pipe of circulation extraction, this time N-type half The temperature of the temperature sensor collection that conductor, the upper and lower surface of P-type semiconductor are arranged does difference, if When water pump connects 20 meters of deep water pipes, temperature approach is maximum, then water pump just has been used up 20 meters of deep water pipes and supplies Water, the generating efficiency of such thermo-electric generation is maximum, and the delivery port of heat-conducting base can connect water supply installation, Such as water tank etc..

Wherein, N-type semiconductor, P-type semiconductor are all in " work " font, and first, this design is greatly improved N-type semiconductor, P-type semiconductor and thin-film solar cells, the contact area of heat-conducting base；Secondly, N Type semiconductor, P-type semiconductor and thin-film solar cells, the contact surface of heat-conducting base are no longer necessary to arrange metal Sheet and heat-conducting plate so that structure is simpler, finally, though the heat conductivility of N-type semiconductor, P-type semiconductor So not as the good heat conductivity of conductor, but during thermo-electric generation, N-type semiconductor, P-type semiconductor Heat conductivility still exist, the heat energy of a final end face still can spread to another end face, and N Type semiconductor, " work " font design of P-type semiconductor can be greatly prolonged diffusion time of heat energy, thus greatly Improve greatly N-type semiconductor, P-type semiconductor thermo-electric generation efficiency.

When carrying out the attitude angular adjustment of device of solar generating, divide 9 light sensors on sensing head Not Jie Shou sunray on correspondence direction, and by controller unit according to the light intensity value control in all directions The collapsing length of two electric expansion bars of system, thus control multiple thin-film solar cells towards angle, control First device unit carries out size sequence to the light intensity value on each face, and the face selecting light intensity value maximum is made For towards face, thus control two electric expansion bars and carry out the extension and contraction control of correspondence.

Concretely comprise the following steps:

Concrete control method is:

Claims

1. a solar power system, including multiple device of solar generating；