CN105869610A

CN105869610A - Violoncello

Info

Publication number: CN105869610A
Application number: CN201610196532.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何薇
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2016-03-30
Filing date: 2016-03-30
Publication date: 2016-08-17
Anticipated expiration: 2036-03-30
Also published as: CN105869610B

Abstract

The invention discloses a violoncello comprising a case (1) and strings (2). A bridge (3) is arranged at the middle part of the front surface of the case (1). The bridge (3) is provided with four string grooves (31). Two sound holes (6) are symmetrically arranged at the left and right sides of the bridge (3). A tailpiece (4) is arranged at the lower end of the case (1). Four rows of string positions are equidistantly arranged on the tailpiece (4). An adjusting nut (51) is arranged at the front surface of each sound tuning position in a penetration way. An adjusting base is arranged at the reverse surface of each sound tuning position. The strings (2) penetrate through the string grooves (31) of the corresponding positions and fixedly connected with the adjusting bases. A side pad adjusting device is arranged at the lower end of the case (1). The adjusting holes and the adjusting grooves are correspondingly arranged on the string positions of the tailpiece for adjusting the length and the tension of the strings, and the side pad adjusting device is also arranged to achieve the effect of adjusting and stabilizing the tone of each sound tuning position so that the violoncello is simple in structure, convenient to operate and wide in range of application.

Description

A kind of violoncello

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of musical instrument, particularly to a kind of violoncello.

Background technology

Chord-drawing plate conventional on violoncello, the hole of the several fixing string being the most only arranged side by side Position, it is impossible to degree of tightness or length to string are adjusted, and the tone color of string can not change, and not Pronouncing with the string of material also different, string signal to noise ratio is more single, and chord-drawing plate can not regulate string sound Tone color, the playing effect of violoncello is the best.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention there is provided one can reduce wolf sound again can be multistage The violoncello of four string tensions of debugging.

Technical scheme is as follows:

A kind of violoncello, including qin case and string, in described qin case front for the main vibration plate that pronounces, The middle part of the main vibration plate of described pronunciation is provided with bridge, and described bridge is provided with four string slots, at this qin The arranged on left and right sides of code is arranged with two sound holes, is provided with chord-drawing plate in the lower end of described qin case, Described chord-drawing plate is positioned at the underface of bridge, is equidistantly provided with four row's string positions on described chord-drawing plate, String position described in four rows is followed successively by C string position, G string position, D string position and A string position from left to right, Described C string position is sequentially provided with two regulating tanks and two adjustment holes, described G string from top to bottom Position is sequentially provided with a regulating tank and two adjustment holes from top to bottom, and described D string position is from upper past Under be sequentially provided with a regulating tank and two adjustment holes, described A string position sets the most successively Two adjustment holes, the upper end of each described regulating tank are had all to be set to borehole structure, this borehole structure Diameter consistent with the diameter of adjustment hole；

The front of each described string position is equipped with adjusting nut, and the reverse side of this string position each is all provided with Having adjustment seat, described adjustment seat is connected fixing with the adjusting nut of correspondence position, each described tune All emerging the front of correspondence position tuning position in the upper end of joint seat, described string is fed through correspondence position String slot, and fixing with the adjustment seat of correspondence position be connected；It is provided with limit in the lower end of described qin case Pad adjusting means, is provided with stay cord between lower end and the limit pad adjusting means of described chord-drawing plate.

Use above structure, a chord-drawing plate is set in the lower section of bridge, chord-drawing plate is arranged Four row's string positions, four string positions are respectively C string position, G string position, D string position and A string position, often Individual string position, according to the difference of service condition, is provided with the adjustment hole and regulation matched on demand Groove, C string position is constituted by four basic sound levels, and corresponding string is the most soft, is difficult to pronunciation, Therefore it is provided with two adjustment holes and two regulating tanks, to meet the needs of Multi-regulation；G and D String position is two phonemes, and audio frequency is relatively low, owing to the amplitude modulation of low phoneme is less, therefore two tone positions On be provided only with two adjustment holes and a regulating tank；The pitch of A string position, adds the tension force of string Greatly, tone color is more strong, and the probability that tone color adjusts is little, therefore is provided only with two adjustment holes, adjusts Being equipped with adjusting nut in knothole, each adjusting nut drives the adjustment seat of correspondence position, makes tune Joint seat loosens or strains string, changes chord length and the tension force of string, to obtain required pitch And tone color；Meanwhile, limit pad adjusting means is set and can change the angle of chord-drawing plate, change therewith The string pressure angle to bridge, good assosting effect, structure are played in the adjustment to multistage tone color Simply, simple operation, applied widely.

For the ease of the regulation length of string and the tension force of string, as preferably, each described tune Joint seat is formed by fixed block and regulating block, and described regulating block is " L " shape, described regulation spiral shell Female end of thread is spirally connected fixing with the lower end of fixed block, the bottom end face of this end of thread and regulating block Horizontal segment abut, at the angle of cut of described regulating block, the upper end thereof with fixed block is fixed, described The regulating block horizontal segment of A string position stretches out chord-drawing plate, stretching of its excess-three vertical section of described regulating block Going out to hold the front of correspondence position regulating tank of all emerging, the vertical section of each described regulating block is equipped with Tune up seat, described in tune up that seat is fixing with string to be connected.

Owing to the string of C string position is relatively thick, the tension force of string is preferable, in order to obtain Multi-regulation Tone, as preferably, in described C string position between two adjustment holes and two regulating tanks Between centre-to-centre spacing be 15mm；The borehole structure of a described regulating tank on the lower is with adjacent Centre-to-centre spacing between adjustment hole is 21mm.

In order to keep the bass of G string position, as preferably, the circle of regulating tank in described G string position Centre-to-centre spacing between pore structure with adjacent adjustment hole is 15mm；Center between two adjustment holes Away from for 21mm.

In order to keep the bass of D string position, as preferably, the circle of regulating tank in described D positioning Centre-to-centre spacing between pore structure with adjacent adjustment hole is 15mm；Center between two adjustment holes Away from for 21mm.

The tone color transposed for stable A, as preferably, two adjustment holes in described A positioning Between centre-to-centre spacing be 15mm.

In order to realize the fine setting of many scales, auxiliary adjusts multistage tone color, as preferably, described limit Pad adjusting means includes that limit pad, shoulder bolt and bearing, described limit pad are fixed on the main vibration plate of pronunciation Lower end, described shoulder bolt be vertically spirally connected be fed through pronunciation main vibration plate, this shoulder bolt is positioned at Pronounce the top of main vibration plate, described shoulder bolt be arranged over depression bar, in the middle part of described depression bar Lower end is provided with support rod, and described support rod abuts with edge under the step of shoulder bolt；The left side of this depression bar, Right both sides are equipped with groove, and the lower end of described chord-drawing plate is symmetrical is provided with two stay cords, two Described stay cord extends downwardly from being fed through the groove of respective side on depression bar, and all with the corresponding position of limit pad Putting compression to abut, the downward external part of two these stay cords is fixed on bearing.

In order to attractive in appearance and be easy to grip, meanwhile, the beneficially sounding of high audio, as preferably, The top of described qin case profile is ancient Chinese chime with 12 bells style, and the arranged on left and right sides of described ancient Chinese chime with 12 bells style upper end is Arc-shaped, the bottom of this qin case is Chu Ding style.

In order to reach preferable resonance effect, it is achieved physically better acoustics index, described qin case Front pronounce main vibration plate use Lignum paulowniae sheet material make.

For the ease of audio frequency being transferred into and out before and after qin case internal vibration, and ensure the steady of musical note Fixed, as preferably, two described sound holes are the pattern of cripple's stricture of vagina, the two of each described sound hole End and middle part are equipped with corner groove-like structure.

Beneficial effect: the present invention is correspondingly arranged adjustment hole and regulation on the tuning position of chord-drawing plate Groove, adjusts string chord length and tension force, and also sets up limit pad adjusting means to reach to adjust and stable The effect of each tuning position tone color, simple in construction, simple operation, applied widely.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is enlarged drawing at the B of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the A direction view of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of limit pad adjusting apparatus.

Detailed description of the invention

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the present invention is made up of qin case 1 and string 2 etc., institute The top stating qin case 1 profile is ancient Chinese chime with 12 bells style, and the arranged on left and right sides of described ancient Chinese chime with 12 bells style upper end is Arc-shaped, the bottom of this qin case 1 is Chu Ding style；The front of described qin case 1 shakes for pronunciation is main Plate 11, the main vibration plate of described pronunciation 11 uses Lignum paulowniae sheet material to make, at the main vibration plate of described pronunciation The middle part of 11 is provided with bridge 3, and described bridge 3 is provided with four string slots 31, in this bridge 3 Arranged on left and right sides be arranged with two sound holes 6, two described sound holes 6 are the sample of cripple's stricture of vagina Formula, two ends and the middle part of each described sound hole 6 are equipped with corner groove-like structure；At described qin case The lower end of 1 is provided with chord-drawing plate 4, and described chord-drawing plate 4 is positioned at the underface of bridge 3.

Equidistantly being provided with four row's string positions on described chord-drawing plate 4, string position described in four rows depends on from left to right Secondary for C string position, G string position, D string position and A string position, described C string position, G string position and D Being equipped with adjustment hole 52 and regulating tank 53 on string position, the upper end of each described regulating tank 53 is equal Being set to borehole structure, the diameter of this borehole structure is consistent with the diameter of adjustment hole 52, each tuning The concrete condition of position is:

Described C string position is sequentially provided with two regulating tanks 53 and two adjustment holes 52 from top to bottom, Centre-to-centre spacing between two described adjustment holes 52 and between two described regulating tanks 53 is 15mm；Between the borehole structure of a described regulating tank 53 on the lower and adjacent adjustment hole 52 Centre-to-centre spacing be 21mm；Described G string position is sequentially provided with regulating tank 53 He from top to bottom Two adjustment holes 52, between the borehole structure of described regulating tank 53 with adjacent adjustment hole 52 Centre-to-centre spacing is 15mm；Centre-to-centre spacing between two adjustment holes 52 is 21mm；Described D string Position is sequentially provided with a regulating tank 53 and two adjustment holes 52 from top to bottom, in described D positioning Centre-to-centre spacing between the borehole structure of regulating tank 53 with adjacent adjustment hole 52 is 15mm；Two Centre-to-centre spacing between adjustment hole 52 is 21mm；Described A string position is sequentially provided with two from top to bottom Individual adjustment hole 52, in described A string position, the centre-to-centre spacing between two adjustment holes 52 is 15mm.

Each described adjustment seat is formed by fixed block 54 and regulating block 55, described regulating block 55 is " L " shape, and the end of thread of described adjusting nut 51 and the lower end of fixed block 54 are spirally connected solid Fixed, the bottom end face of this end of thread abuts with the horizontal segment of regulating block 55, described regulating block 55 The angle of cut at fix with the upper end elastic hinge joint of fixed block 54, the regulating block 55 of described A positioning Horizontal segment stretches out chord-drawing plate 4, and the external part of the described vertical section of regulating block 55 of its excess-three all emits Going out the front of correspondence position regulating tank 53, the vertical section of each described regulating block 55 is equipped with fixed String seat 56, described in tune up that seat 56 and string 2 is fixing to be connected.

Shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 4, it is provided with limit pad adjusting means, institute in the lower end of described qin case 1 Stating that the lower end of chord-drawing plate 4 is symmetrical is provided with two stay cords 8, described limit pad adjusting means includes Limit pad 71, shoulder bolt 72 and bearing 75, described limit pad 71 is fixed on the main vibration plate 11 of pronunciation Lower end, described shoulder bolt 72 be vertically spirally connected be fed through pronunciation main vibration plate 11, this step spiral shell Bolt 72 is positioned at the top of main vibration plate 11, described shoulder bolt 72 be arranged over depression bar 73, the lower end in the middle part of described depression bar 73 is provided with support rod 74, described support rod 74 and shoulder bolt Along abutting under the step of 72；The arranged on left and right sides of this depression bar 73 is equipped with groove, described in two Stay cord 8 extends downwardly from being fed through the groove of respective side on depression bar 73, and all right with limit pad 71 Answering position to compress to abut, the downward external part of two these stay cords 8 is fixed on bearing 75.

The using method of the present invention is as follows:

As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 2, a chord-drawing plate 4 is set in the lower section of bridge 3, in string pulling Arranging four row's string positions on plate 4, four string positions are respectively C string position, G string position, D string position and A String position, each string position, according to the difference of service condition, is provided with the adjustment hole matched on demand 52 and regulating tank 53, C string position is constituted by four basic sound levels, and corresponding string is the most soft Soft, it is difficult to pronunciation, therefore is provided with two adjustment holes 52 and two regulating tanks 53, multistage to meet The needs of regulation and control；G and D string position is low phoneme, and audio frequency is relatively low, due to the amplitude modulation of low phoneme Less, therefore on two tone positions, it is provided only with two adjustment holes 52 and a regulating tank 53；A The pitch of positioning, adds that the audio frequency of string is more strong, and the probability that audio frequency adjusts is little, therefore only It is provided with two adjustment holes 52.

During concrete operations, as it is shown on figure 3, as a example by C string position, at C string position correspondence position An adjusting nut 51, the screw thread of adjusting nut 51 it is equipped with in the adjustment hole 52 of bottom End is spirally connected fixing with the lower end of fixed block 54, and the bottom of this end of thread is fed through and is spirally connected position also Abutting with the horizontal segment of regulating block 55, twisting adjusting nut 51 is to the side of the main vibration plate 11 that pronounces When mobile, the non-angle of cut end of regulating block 55 horizontal segment is along clockwise direction to the main vibration plate that pronounces The direction of 11 is moved, simultaneously as at the angle of cut of the regulating block 55 and upper end of fixed block 54 Elastic hinge joint is fixed, and the external part of the vertical section of regulating block 55 is emerged on the lower the most along clockwise direction The front of position regulating tank 53, the seat 56 of tuning up in the vertical section of regulating block 55 elongates downwards string 2 adjust to make sound rate；Otherwise, twisting adjusting nut 51 is to the side away from the main vibration plate 11 that pronounces When mobile, the non-angle of cut end of regulating block 55 horizontal segment is in the counterclockwise direction to main away from pronunciation The direction of vibration plate 11 is moved, and meanwhile, the external part of the vertical section of regulating block 55 is also along side counterclockwise Move back in the groove to position regulating tank 53 on the lower, the contraction in length of string 2, tension reduction, String 2 is fixed after adjusting sound rate.

As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 4, G string position and D string position are also adjusted by the method for above-mentioned C string position Whole, described A string position does not has regulating tank 53, and on A string position, the horizontal segment of corresponding regulating block 55 is then Being the upper end stretching out chord-drawing plate 4, the vertical section of regulating block 55 of this position is emerged chord-drawing plate 4 Front, owing to the string tension force of A string position is big, somewhat adjusts and will change frequency, therefore at A String position is not provided with regulating tank 53, adjusts the operating principle operation with above-mentioned C string position of string 2； Further, since the main vibration plate of pronunciation 11 in qin case 1 front selects Lignum paulowniae sheet material, audio resonance Effective, the notch fiber smooth-going of the square groove on two cripple's stricture of vagina sound holes 6, from qin case 1 The audio frequency spread out of is more stable.

When using limit pad adjusting means, twist shoulder bolt 72, make the step of shoulder bolt 72 Support rod 74 is pushed down on lower edge, and support rod 74 drives depression bar 73 to push down stay cord 8, and makes stay cord 8 pull Chord-drawing plate 4 draws close the main vibration plate of pronunciation, and the external part of stay cord 8 lower end compresses limit pad 71 the most simultaneously Upper surface, the lower end of chord-drawing plate 4 in right amount draw close pronunciation main vibration plate 11, meanwhile, in conjunction with drawing The adjustment of four string positions on boom plate 4, in order to reach more preferable tone color；Otherwise, twist step spiral shell Bolt 72, makes under the step of shoulder bolt 72 along away from the main vibration plate 11 that pronounces, oppressed stay cord 8 resiliences, support rod 74 and then shoulder bolt 72 moves back, and meanwhile, depression bar 73 also moves back, and draws Restricting the external part of 8 lower ends, part leaves the upper surface of limit pad 71, and the lower end of chord-drawing plate 4 is suitable Measure away from the main vibration plate 11 that pronounces, meanwhile, in conjunction with the adjustment of four string positions on chord-drawing plate 4, with Just more preferable tone color is reached.

Model according to violoncello and specification, and the practical situation of string 2, adjusting nut 51, fixed block 54 and the vertical regulating tank 53 corresponding to section of regulating block 55 can adjust, To eliminate different audio frequency produced wolf sound under resonant conditions, the present embodiment does not have uniquely Property.

It is consistent with prior art that the present invention does not describes part, and therefore not to repeat here.

These are only embodiments of the present invention, not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention, Every equivalent structure utilizing description of the invention and accompanying drawing content to be made, directly or indirectly uses In the technical field that other are relevant, the most in like manner within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

null1. a violoncello，Including qin case (1) and string (2)，It is characterized in that: in described qin case (1) front for the main vibration plate (11) that pronounces，The middle part of the main vibration plate of described pronunciation (11) is provided with bridge (3)，Described bridge (3) is provided with four string slots (31)，A left side in this bridge (3)、The right side is symmetrically arranged on two with two sound holes (6)，It is provided with chord-drawing plate (4) in the lower end of described qin case (1)，Described chord-drawing plate (4) is positioned at the underface of bridge (3)，Described chord-drawing plate (4) is equidistantly provided with four row's string positions，String position described in four rows is followed successively by C string position from left to right、G string position、D string position and A string position，Described C string position is sequentially provided with two regulating tanks (53) and two adjustment holes (52) from top to bottom，Described G string position is sequentially provided with a regulating tank (53) and two adjustment holes (52) from top to bottom，Described D string position is sequentially provided with a regulating tank (53) and two adjustment holes (52) from top to bottom，Described A string position is sequentially provided with two adjustment holes (52) from top to bottom，The upper end of each described regulating tank (53) is all set to borehole structure，The diameter of this borehole structure is consistent with the diameter of adjustment hole (52)；

The front of each described tuning position is equipped with adjusting nut (51), the reverse side of this tuning position each is equipped with adjustment seat, described adjustment seat is connected fixing with the adjusting nut (51) of correspondence position, all emerge the front of correspondence position tuning position in the upper end of each described adjustment seat, described string (2) is fed through the string slot (31) of correspondence position, and fixing with the adjustment seat of correspondence position is connected；It is provided with limit pad adjusting means in the lower end of described qin case (1), between lower end and the limit pad adjusting means of described chord-drawing plate (4), is provided with stay cord (8).
nullA kind of violoncello the most according to claim 1，It is characterized in that: each described adjustment seat is formed by fixed block (54) and regulating block (55)，Described regulating block (55) is " L " shape，The end of thread of described adjusting nut (51) is spirally connected fixing with the lower end of fixed block (54)，The bottom end face of this end of thread abuts with the horizontal segment of regulating block (55)，At the angle of cut of described regulating block (55), the upper end elastic hinge joint with fixed block (54) is fixed，Regulating block (55) horizontal segment of described A positioning stretches out chord-drawing plate (4)，The external part of its excess-three described regulating block (55) vertically section is all emerged the front of correspondence position regulating tank (53)，The vertical section of each described regulating block (55) is equipped with seat of tuning up (56)，Described seat of tuning up (56) is fixing with string (6) to be connected.
A kind of violoncello the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described C string position, the centre-to-centre spacing between two adjustment holes (52) and between two regulating tanks (53) is 15mm；Centre-to-centre spacing between the borehole structure of a described regulating tank (53) on the lower and adjacent adjustment hole (52) is 21mm.
A kind of violoncello the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described G string position, the centre-to-centre spacing between the borehole structure of regulating tank (53) and adjacent adjustment hole (52) is 15mm；Centre-to-centre spacing between two adjustment holes (52) is 21mm.
A kind of violoncello the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described D string position, the centre-to-centre spacing between the borehole structure of regulating tank (53) and adjacent adjustment hole (52) is 15mm；Centre-to-centre spacing between two adjustment holes (52) is 21mm.
A kind of violoncello the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described A string position, the centre-to-centre spacing between two adjustment holes (52) is 15mm.
A kind of violoncello the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described limit pad adjusting means includes limit pad (71), shoulder bolt (72) and bearing (75), described limit pad (71) is fixed on the lower end of main vibration plate (11), described shoulder bolt (72) is vertically spirally connected and is fed through the main vibration plate of pronunciation (11), this shoulder bolt (72) is positioned at the top of main vibration plate (11), described shoulder bolt (72) be arranged over depression bar (73), the lower end at described depression bar (73) middle part is provided with support rod (74), described support rod (74) abuts with edge under the step of shoulder bolt (72)；The arranged on left and right sides of this depression bar (73) is equipped with groove, the lower end of described chord-drawing plate (4) is symmetrical is provided with two stay cords (8), two described stay cords (8) extend downwardly from being fed through the groove of the upper respective side of depression bar (73), and all compress with the correspondence position of limit pad (71) and abut, the external part that two these stay cords (8) are downward is fixed on bearing (75).
A kind of violoncello the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the top of described qin case (1) profile is ancient Chinese chime with 12 bells style, and the arranged on left and right sides of described ancient Chinese chime with 12 bells style upper end is arc-shaped, and the bottom of this qin case (1) is Chu Ding style.
A kind of violoncello the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the front of described qin case (1) uses Lignum paulowniae sheet material to make.
A kind of violoncello the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: two described sound holes (6) are the pattern of cripple's stricture of vagina, and two ends and the middle part of each described sound hole (6) are equipped with corner groove-like structure.