CN105866558B - A kind of zonule lightning monitoring localization method and system - Google Patents
A kind of zonule lightning monitoring localization method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN105866558B CN105866558B CN201610169561.3A CN201610169561A CN105866558B CN 105866558 B CN105866558 B CN 105866558B CN 201610169561 A CN201610169561 A CN 201610169561A CN 105866558 B CN105866558 B CN 105866558B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01W—METEOROLOGY
- G01W1/00—Meteorology
- G01W1/16—Measuring atmospheric potential differences, e.g. due to electrical charges in clouds
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of zonule lightning monitoring localization methods and system, method to include the following steps：The functional relation of the output voltage peak value of S1, experimental calibration lighting current sensor under thunder and lightning and lightning current peak value and lightning strike spot；S2, three lighting current sensors of setting in cell are being measured；S3, the output voltage peak value for detecting three lighting current sensors respectively under thunder and lightning combine the position for determining the lightning strike spot according to the functional relation.The present invention can realize the accurate measurement being accurately positioned to lightning current and to amplitude of lightning current in zonule.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to a kind of zonule lightning monitoring localization method and systems.
【Background technology】
Lighting location and lightning current parameter monitoring play an important role to lightning performance research and lightning protection, lighting location
System can provide more technical data for fields such as lightning protection, meteorological research, buildings.At present have all over the world more into
Ripe lightning detection network generates the direction in magnetic field and the time of arrival sensor by monitoring lightning current, can calculate thunderbolt
The parameters such as position, amplitude of lightning current, lightning current polarity.The positioning method of lighting location is broadly divided into mono-station location and multistation is determined
Position.Widely used is multistation location, can greatly improve positioning accuracy.Foreign countries are more early to lightning current research starting, from
Since last century the eighties, American National the Lightning Detection Network (NLDN) is reachable to lightening detection rate at present by years development
More than 80%, position error is less than 1km.Europe established ZEUS lightning detection networks in 2001, and thunder is realized using time difference method
Electric current positioning function, but position error is larger.China's lightning current monitoring system is having swift and violent development in recent years, and electric system is certainly
Since 1993, regionality lightning current monitoring net has been established in the whole nation successively, electric system lightning protection is played important
Effect, meteorological department have more than 100 to lightning current acquisition station.The XDD03 type lightening detections system studied by the Ministry of Electronics Industry
The position errors such as system are less than 1km.The design studies such as Chen Jiahong the Lightning Direction Finder, by using one group of orthogonal frame-type day
Line measures one group of magnetic field signal in plane, by amplifying, filtering, integrating etc. and to obtain the former magnetic field of different directions, by magnetic field
Vector modulation is azimuth and its magnetic field size that can obtain lightning current, and so as to fulfill lightning current orientation survey, deflection error is small
In 1 °.
Point-position mode analyzes lightning current spectral characteristic using field orientation technology, is normally only used for monitoring high intensity, remote
The thunder and lightning signal of distance, it is only larger by a set of sensing equipment dispersibility since its monitoring mode is relatively simple, and data error compared with
Greatly, bearing accuracy and the amplitude monitoring accuracy for leading to monitoring are relatively low.
Multistation location method monitors same thunder and lightning signal using multiple monitoring stations, and the measurement result of comprehensive each monitoring station is right
The thunderbolt position of thunder and lightning and lightning parameter are measured and calculated.It is fixed that multistation location method is broadly divided into direction and location method, the time difference
Position method and combined method.Direction and location method is positioned by monitoring magnetic direction using triangle principle, as shown in Figure 1.When A points are sent out
During raw lightning stroke, DF1And DF2Place measures azimuth angle alpha respectively1And α2, lightning current position can obtain by triangulation location principle.By
In magnetic field, distant and deflection error is larger, mostly relatively low with direction and location method precision.
Time difference method positioning principle as shown in Fig. 2, ABC is acquisition station in figure, believe by the lightning stroke obtained according to two acquisition station AC
Number the time difference and the distance between the station of AC two can obtain a hyperbola, lightning stroke is located on hyperbola a bit.Similarly root
Another hyperbola is obtained according to other two acquisition station BC, two hyp intersection points are P, and another point P ' is mathematically another
A solution can weed out P ' points by the 4th acquisition station and obtain the position of practical lightning stroke generation.Time measurement at present uses GPS
It carries out, the GPS accuracy generally used is less than 1us, so being 1km in time difference method positioning accuracy.Time difference method is by time precision
Limitation, so positioning accuracy is difficult to improve.
【Invention content】
For overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of zonule lightning monitoring localization method and system,
To improve the accuracy of a small range lighting location.
A kind of zonule lightning monitoring localization method, includes the following steps：
The output voltage peak value of S1, experimental calibration lighting current sensor under thunder and lightning and lightning current peak value and the letter of lightning strike spot
Number relationship；
S2, three lighting current sensors of setting in cell are being measured；
S3, the output voltage peak value for detecting three lighting current sensors respectively under thunder and lightning are closed according to the function
System's joint determines the position of the lightning strike spot.
Preferably,
The lighting current sensor is air core coil.
Preferably,
The axis of three lighting current sensors intersects at same point.
Preferably,
The functional relation is：
Wherein, UomiRepresent the output voltage peak value of i-th of sensor of thunder and lightning, ImRepresent the lightning current of lighting current sensor
Peak value, k are coefficient, xiAnd yiRepresent the coordinate of i-th of sensor of thunder and lightning, x and y represent the coordinate of lightning strike spot.
Preferably,
The axis of three lighting current sensors is in 120 ° between any two.
The present invention also provides a kind of cell thunder measuring and orientation system, including：First sensor of thunder and lightning, the second thunder and lightning pass
Sensor, third sensor of thunder and lightning, the first data collecting card, the first optic module, the second data collecting card, the second optic module,
Third data collecting card, third optic module and device of solar generating, first data collecting card is for the first thunder of acquisition
The output voltage of electric transducer, second data collecting card is for acquiring the output voltage of the second sensor of thunder and lightning, and described the
Three data collecting cards are used to acquiring the output voltage of third sensor of thunder and lightning, and first optic module is by the first data acquisition module
The data of block acquisition are sent to optical fiber, and the data that the second data collecting card acquires are sent to optical fiber by second optic module,
The data that third data collecting card acquires are sent to optical fiber by the third optic module, the device of solar generating for pair
First data collecting card, the first optic module, the second data collecting card, the second optic module, third data collecting card and
Third optic module is powered.
Preferably,
First sensor of thunder and lightning, the second sensor of thunder and lightning and third sensor of thunder and lightning lighting current sensor are air core coil.
Preferably,
The axis of first sensor of thunder and lightning, the second sensor of thunder and lightning and third sensor of thunder and lightning intersects at same point.
Preferably,
The axis of first sensor of thunder and lightning, the second sensor of thunder and lightning and third sensor of thunder and lightning is in 120 ° between any two.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1) Directional Method and precision of the time difference method in relation to magnetic direction and time measurement can be avoided by numerical value localization method
Limitation, the positioning accuracy of this method depend primarily on the measurement accuracy of sensor magnitudes, can greatly improve lightning current positioning accuracy,
Reduce its measurement range.
2) a kind of scheme that lightning current orientation problem is solved using numerical analysis method is proposed, it can be further in solution
Consider optimization problem, improve measurement accuracy.And it is contemplated that increase the quantity of sensor in large-scale station, so as to further improve
Measurement accuracy.
3) it using special lighting current sensor and data relatively advanced at present acquisition and data transmission system, ensure that
The reliability of signal transmission, and entire measuring system, using solar powered, system is independently reliable and stable, from safeguarding, reduces
Cost of labor, the practicability of increased system.
【Description of the drawings】
Fig. 1 is the Directional Method schematic diagram of prior art positioning thunder and lightning
Fig. 2 is the time difference method schematic diagram of prior art positioning thunder and lightning
Fig. 3 is the cell lightning monitoring localization method schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention
Fig. 4 is the cell thunder measuring and orientation system figure of an embodiment of the present invention
【Specific embodiment】
The following further describes in detail the preferred embodiments of the invention.
As shown in figure 3, a kind of cell lightning monitoring localization method schematic diagram of embodiment, in the present embodiment, using certainly
The lighting current sensor of system by its response characteristic of Laboratory Calibration, is obtained between output voltage and current amplitude, measurement distance
Relationship, by using three lighting current sensors of different location, to three groups of measurement data that same lightning current obtains, pass through
Amplitude of lightning current and plane coordinates i.e. can obtain to solving equations.Air core coil may be used in lighting current sensor, by three
Coil is positioned in the same direction at measured edges of regions, and mutual angle is 120 ° between the axis of air core coil, ensures entire measure
System has higher sensitivity to the lightning current of each position.
By taking loop A as an example, analyzed using rectangular coordinate system as shown in Figure 3.Loop A, coil B, coil C coordinate
Respectively (x1,y1),(x2,y2),(x3,y3), lightning stroke point coordinates is (x, y).Assuming that lightning current vertically enters ground in lightning strike spot, and it is
Negative polarity lightning current, lightning current peak value are Im.The magnetic induction density B that lightning strike spot generates at loop A, at this time can be at coil
It is decomposed into vertical component B1With horizontal component B2, horizontal component will not generate induced voltage due to being parallel to coil at coil,
The output voltage of sensor is based on vertical component at this time.It obtains：
B1=Bcos θ (1)
Lighting current sensor is demarcated in laboratory, when magnetic direction is vertical with coil plane, output voltage peak
Value UomWith current peak ImAnd the relationship of coil to lightning current distance r are：
According to Biot-Savart law, the magnetic field that electric current generates is directly proportional to current strength, it is possible to show that coil is defeated
Going out voltage peak is：
Similarly, for 3 coils, output voltage is with lightning current peak value and lightning stroke point coordinates relational expression：
Wherein, the output voltage peak value U of three coilsomCan be known quantity by oscilloscope measurement.So as to obtain
About x, y, ImNonlinear System of Equations, be iterated using Newton-Raphson approach and seek its least square solution, you can obtain thunder and lightning
Flow position and amplitude of lightning current.
Equation group is represented by：
Its Jacobian matrix can be expressed as：
Since current GPS clock precision is limited, it can only ensure quantity of its positioning accuracy in 1km using time difference method positioning
Grade, and the localization method of the present invention only needs to ensure the measurement accuracy of sensor, does not need to the unification into row clock, so can be big
It is big to reduce orientation range, such localization method is made to can apply to the positioning of lightning current small range, realize similar gas station, substation,
The small ranges Lightning Warning such as oil station and safeguard function.
Since coil is air core coil, so ensureing that it can measure the lightning current of higher magnitude.In order to ensure its sensitivity,
Need larger diameter and the number of turn.In one embodiment, a diameter of 60cm of air core coil, length 20cm, the number of turn 50 make
With the flat type copper wire coiling of 2 × 3mm.It is tested according to actual parameter, the lower-cut-off frequency of coil is 112Hz, upper cut-off frequency
For tens MHz, the frequency range of lightning current can be covered.Coil is skeleton coiling using epoxy resin, is added in coil outer
Ground connection iron-clad is shielded, and transversely cutting can magnetic circuit of slotting on iron-clad, longitudinal grooved prevent circulation.And by build-out resistor
It using epoxy casting is an entirety to wait components and coil, play waterproof, it is sun-proof the effects that, final coil shape size is 70
× 70 × 24cm, as shown in figure 4, doing depression treatment at cable connection.
When magnetic field is vertical with coil plane, output voltage peak value UomWith current peak ImAnd the fitting formula of distance r is：
Each variable is SI units in formula, and in order to ensure computational accuracy, and amplitude of lightning current is generally in 10kA
More than, so current unit can wherein will be replaced using kA, formula is：
Designated position installation lightning current monitoring system, is fallen by indirect lightning strike point in station in required monitoring region
Or the vertiginous magnetic field that the lightning current near station generates, obtain the voltage signal of lightning current waveform.
As shown in figure 4, a kind of cell thunder measuring and orientation system of embodiment, including sensor of thunder and lightning, data collecting card,
Optical fiber sending module, optic fiber transceiver module, computer and solar power system, wherein sensor of thunder and lightning include：First thunder and lightning
Sensors A, the second sensor of thunder and lightning B and third sensor of thunder and lightning C, sensor of thunder and lightning, data collecting card, optical fiber sending module and
Solar power system is outdoor section.
For first sensor of thunder and lightning A this branch, data collecting card passes through cable and the first sensor of thunder and lightning A
Connection, is acquired for the output voltage to the first sensor of thunder and lightning A, and optical fiber sending module is used to acquire data collecting card
To output voltage data optic fiber transceiver module is sent to by optical fiber, computer reads the output that optic fiber transceiver module receives
Voltage data is simultaneously calculated.Equally, this two branches of the second sensor of thunder and lightning B and third sensor of thunder and lightning C and the first thunder and lightning
Sensors A is identical.
Sampled signal is acquired by capture card, and optic module is converted into optical signal and is transferred in control room by optical fiber, control
System is indoor to be converted to electric digital signal input computer by optic module again.Wherein, the Wave data that three sensors obtain
Three computers are inputted respectively, so as to ensure the independence and instantaneity of three measuring systems, then are uploaded to a computer and are made
It is handled with monitoring software, obtains required data.
Device of solar generating is for being powered data collecting card and optical fiber sending module, to prevent lightning current from interfering
It is invaded from power-supply system.Since the lightning current duration is shorter, data collecting card may be used USB-5133 high speed acquisitions and stick into
Row data acquire, and sample rate is up to 100M/s.Powerful electromagnetic field can be generated when occurring due to lightning current, is existed for anti-stop signal
It is interfered in transmission process, signal transmission part is transmitted using optical fiber.
The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, it is impossible to assert
The specific implementation of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs, exist
Under the premise of not departing from present inventive concept, several simple deduction or replace can also be made, should all be considered as belonging to the present invention by
The scope of patent protection that the claims submitted determine.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of zonule lightning monitoring localization method, it is characterized in that, include the following steps：
The output voltage peak value of S1, experimental calibration lighting current sensor under thunder and lightning is closed with the function of lightning current peak value and lightning strike spot
System；
S2, three lighting current sensors of setting in cell are being measured；
S3, the output voltage peak value for detecting three lighting current sensors respectively under thunder and lightning join according to the functional relation
Close the position for determining the lightning strike spot；
The functional relation is：
Wherein, UomiRepresent the output voltage peak value of i-th of sensor of thunder and lightning, ImRepresent the lightning current peak value of lighting current sensor, k
For coefficient, xiAnd yiRepresent the coordinate of i-th of sensor of thunder and lightning, x and y represent the coordinate of lightning strike spot.
2. lightning monitoring localization method in zonule as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that,
The lighting current sensor is air core coil.
3. lightning monitoring localization method in zonule as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that,
The axis of three lighting current sensors intersects at same point.
4. lightning monitoring localization method in zonule as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that,
The axis of three lighting current sensors is in 120 ° between any two.
5. a kind of cell thunder measuring and orientation system, it is characterized in that, including：First sensor of thunder and lightning, the second sensor of thunder and lightning,
Three sensor of thunder and lightning, the first data collecting card, the first optic module, the second data collecting card, the second optic module, third data
Capture card, third optic module and device of solar generating, first data collecting card is for the first sensor of thunder and lightning of acquisition
Output voltage, second data collecting card for acquiring the output voltage of the second sensor of thunder and lightning, adopt by the third data
Truck is used to acquiring the output voltage of third sensor of thunder and lightning, and first optic module is by the first data collecting module collected
Data are sent to optical fiber, and the data that the second data collecting card acquires are sent to optical fiber, the third by second optic module
The data that third data collecting card acquires are sent to optical fiber by optic module, and the device of solar generating is used for described first
Data collecting card, the first optic module, the second data collecting card, the second optic module, third data collecting card and third optical fiber
Module is powered, wherein detecting the first sensor of thunder and lightning, the second sensor of thunder and lightning, third sensor of thunder and lightning respectively under thunder and lightning
Output voltage peak value, according to output voltage peak value of the experimental calibration lighting current sensor under thunder and lightning and lightning current peak value and thunder
Functional relation a little is hit, combines the position for determining the lightning strike spot, the functional relation is：
Wherein, UomiRepresent the output voltage peak value of i-th of sensor of thunder and lightning, ImRepresent the lightning current peak value of lighting current sensor, k
For coefficient, xiAnd yiRepresent the coordinate of i-th of sensor of thunder and lightning, x and y represent the coordinate of lightning strike spot.
6. zonule thunder measuring and orientation system as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that,
First sensor of thunder and lightning, the second sensor of thunder and lightning and third sensor of thunder and lightning are air core coil.
7. zonule thunder measuring and orientation system as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that,
The axis of first sensor of thunder and lightning, the second sensor of thunder and lightning and third sensor of thunder and lightning intersects at same point.
8. zonule thunder measuring and orientation system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that,
The axis of first sensor of thunder and lightning, the second sensor of thunder and lightning and third sensor of thunder and lightning is in 120 ° between any two.
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| CN201610169561.3A CN105866558B (en) | 2016-03-23 | 2016-03-23 | A kind of zonule lightning monitoring localization method and system |
| PCT/CN2016/080286 WO2017161630A1 (en) | 2016-03-23 | 2016-04-26 | Small-region lightning monitoring and positioning method and system |
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| CN201610169561.3A CN105866558B (en) | 2016-03-23 | 2016-03-23 | A kind of zonule lightning monitoring localization method and system |
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| CN108169628A (en) * | 2018-02-10 | 2018-06-15 | 新乡市中宝电气有限公司 | Identification lightning fault property and the device and method for being accurately positioned trouble point |
| CN108710023A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-10-26 | 云南电网有限责任公司曲靖供电局 | Current sensor and lightning arrester monitoring device |
| CN113030669A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-06-25 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Partial discharge positioning method based on ultrahigh frequency amplitude intensity statistical analysis |
| CN113447701B (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2023-09-01 | 熊秀 | Lightning current peak value calibration method and device |
| CN114362354B (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-11-17 | 合肥中南光电有限公司 | Intelligent safety early warning system for photovoltaic power station |
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