CN103852649A - Three-dimensional electric field measuring method based on coplanar sensing units - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-dimensional electric field measuring method based on coplanar sensing units. According to the three-dimensional electric field measuring method, at least three electric field sensing units not on the same line is horizontally placed on the same plane to form a three-dimensional electric sensor, and the method includes the steps that calibration is performed on all the electric field sensing units in the three directions which are mutually orthogonal in a three-dimensional coordinate system so that sensitivity coefficients of all the electric field sensing units relative to the three directions can be calculated; based on the calculated sensitivity coefficients, a coupling sensitivity coefficient matrix is determined; according to the determined coupling sensitivity coefficient matrix and output values of all the electric field sensing units, the size of an electric field to be measured is calculated. By the utilization of the method, coupling interference can be avoided among components, to be measured, of the three-dimensional electric field sensing units, and the components of the electric field can be accurately measured.

Description

Three-dimensional electric field measuring method based on coplanar sensing unit

Technical field

The present invention relates to electric field detection field, relate in particular to a kind of three-dimensional electric field measuring method based on coplanar sensing unit.

Background technology

Electric field monitoring has important application in fields such as meteorology, electrical networks.At meteorological field, by the monitoring of ground local atmosphere electric field, can carry out thunder and lightning cloud distribution research and Lightning Warning; Aerial atmospheric electric field is surveyed, can Retrieval of Cloud layer charge distribution situation.Due to the situation complexity of aerial atmospheric electric field, On The Electric Field of Thunderstorm is subject to the impact of CHARGE DISTRIBUTION in cloud and along with the motion of cloud layer constantly changes, presents three-dimensional character, and the skyborne position of electric field instrument is difficult to fix.Therefore, aerial electric field intensity need to adopt three-dimensional electric field instrument to measure.In electrical network field, electric-field sensor can be used for the power equipment monitoring, defects of insulator detection, the detection of power transmission line power supply state, ice covering thickness detection etc. of electric field around.

The three-dimensional layout of sensing unit in existing combined three-dimensional electric-field sensor, causes volume large, and high to the position accuracy demand of sensing unit; And in three-dimensional electric field sensor in the past, there is the coupled interference that is difficult to elimination in the X of electric field to be measured, Y, tri-components of Z, has affected detection accuracy.

Summary of the invention

The present invention proposes a kind of three-dimensional electric field measuring method based on coplanar sensing unit, can realize the Measurement accuracy of three components of electric field, simple in structure, the coupled interference between each component of having avoided recording.

Thought of the present invention is: three-dimensional electric field sensor comprises at least three electric field sensing unit and corresponding demodulator circuit, and described electric field sensing unit is with the not coplanar placement of mode of conllinear.First by three-dimensional scaling, determine the coupling sensitivity matrix of coefficients of sensor with respect to space three-dimensional electric field.Then according to the three-dimensional component of the real-time computer memory electric field of output of this sensitivity matrix and each sensing unit.In the time of actual measurement electric field, field coupled sensitivity coefficient matrix is unique, and the profile of this matrix and three-dimensional electric field sensor, quantity and the riding position of electric field sensing unit are relevant, also relevant with the induction sensitivity of each electric field sensing unit self.In the situation that above-mentioned factor is constant, sensor only need to be demarcated once.

According to the present invention, a kind of three-dimensional electric field measuring method based on coplanar sensing unit, the electric field sensing unit on same straight line is not to form three-dimensional electric field sensor wherein to lay at grade at least three, and described method comprises:

Along three directions orthogonal in three-dimensional system of coordinate, the sensitivity coefficient of each electric field sensing unit with respect to described three directions demarcated to calculate in each electric field sensing unit respectively;

Sensitivity coefficient based on calculating is determined coupling sensitivity matrix of coefficients;

According to the output valve of coupling sensitivity matrix of coefficients and each electric field sensing unit, calculate the size of electric field to be measured.

According to technical scheme of the present invention, utilize multiple electric field sensings unit co-planar arrangement, not only simple in structure, and in coupling sensitivity coefficient, consider the coupling response of other direction electric fields to direction to be measured, and in inverse process to eliminate.Therefore, can remove coupling to guarantee the accuracy of each component that solution is transferred to.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 shows according to the structural representation of coplanar formula three-dimensional electric field sensor of the present invention;

Fig. 2 shows according to the process flow diagram of three-dimensional electric field measuring method of the present invention.

Embodiment

Illustrate specific embodiments of the invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, wherein comprise that taking three-dimensional electric field sensor three electric field sensing unit describe as example.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that and can adopt more electric field sensing unit and other location arrangements to implement technical scheme of the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 1, comprise electric field sensing unit 1, electric field sensing unit 2, electric field sensing unit 3 and substrate 4 according to the coplanar formula three-dimensional electric field sensor of the embodiment of the present invention.X-axis and the Y-axis of three-dimensional electric field sensor are orthogonal, are positioned at and the parallel plane plane of substrate 4, and Z axis is perpendicular to the plane of substrate 4.For example, the concrete arrangement in electric field sensing unit can be: electric field sensing unit 2, electric field sensing unit 3 are arranged in the X-axis of three-dimensional electric field sensor, and electric field sensing unit 1 is arranged on the perpendicular bisector of electric field sensing unit 2 and electric field sensing unit 3.Each electric field sensing unit can be same to each other or different to each other, can be that independently formula electric-field sensor, electric pole type electric-field sensor, optical fiber type electric-field sensor etc. are ground in MEMS electric-field sensor, field, can be also to comprise the wherein sensing unit of multiple electric-field sensor.Electric field sensing unit can be encapsulation or exposed electric field induction element.Three electric field sensing unit can be connected on substrate 4 by gluing, the mode such as screw is fixed, connector docking, meanwhile, also comprise the basic circuit and the circuit that are electrically connected with electric field sensing unit on substrate 4.On substrate 4, can also comprise the additional function modules such as electric field signal demodulator circuit, wireless communication module and power supply.

Referring to Fig. 2, the three-dimensional electric field detection method according to the embodiment of the present invention is described.

First, in step 1, can produce in the following manner electric field: on a pair of metal polar plate parallel to each other, apply voltage, produce the uniform electric field of different sizes by regulation voltage.Can be by the less material of specific inductive capacity, such as teflon, pottery etc., be fixed on three-dimensional electric field sensor in applied electric field space.Rotation three-dimensional electric field sensor, demarcates electric-field sensor along tri-directions of X, Y, Z of space cartesian coordinate system, and determines that by linear fit each electric field sensing unit, respectively with respect to the sensitivity coefficient of each direction electric field, is expressed as k _1x, k _1y, k _1z, k _2x, k _2y, k _2z, k _3x, k _3y, k _3z.Wherein, k _1xrepresent the sensitivity coefficient of electric field sensing unit 1 for x direction electric field, establishing directions X electric field is E _x, the response of electric field sensing unit 1 is V ₁, sensitivity coefficient k _1xmeet V1=k _1xe _x.By that analogy.Under the condition that between three-dimensional electric field sensor local coordinate system and geocentric rectangular coordinate system, relation can be surveyed, space cartesian coordinate system also may be defined as geocentric rectangular coordinate system, and the two is changed mutually by linear relationship.

In step 2, by 9 sensitivity coefficients that calculate, determine the coupling sensitivity matrix of coefficients of three-dimensional electric field sensor, for:

$\left(\begin{array}{ccc}{k}_{1x}& k_{1y}& k_{1z}\\ k_{2x}& k_{2y}& k_{2z}\\ \·\·\·& \·\·\·& \·\·\·\\ k_{\mathrm{nx}}& k_{\mathrm{ny}}& k_{\mathrm{nz}}\end{array}\right)$

In step 3, according to the coupling sensitivity matrix of coefficients of three-dimensional electric field sensor, the three-dimensional component by following formula computer memory electric field:

$\left(\begin{array}{c}{E}_x\\ E_y\\ E_z\end{array}\right)={\left(\begin{array}{ccc}{k}_{1x}& k_{1y}& k_{1z}\\ k_{2x}& k_{2y}& k_{2z}\\ \&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;& \&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;& \&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;\\ k_{\mathrm{nx}}& k_{\mathrm{ny}}& k_{\mathrm{nz}}\end{array}\right)}^{-1}\&CenterDot;\left(\begin{array}{c}{V}_1\\ {\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="V"\; filenames="HDA0000475927220000011.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}_2\\ \&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;\\ V_n\end{array}\right)$

Wherein, V ₁, V ₂, V ₃represent respectively the real-time response output of electric field sensing unit 1,2,3, E _x, E _y, E _zthe component of representation space electric field in X, Y, tri-directions of Z respectively.According to three components of the electric field calculating, can confirm size, the directional information of the three-dimensional electric field of sensor present position.

Taking three electric field sensing unit as example is described the embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that and said method can be applied to the situation more than three sensing units above.

Above-described specific embodiment, further describes object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect.It should be understood that and the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention, be not limited to the present invention.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. the three-dimensional electric field measuring method based on coplanar sensing unit, the electric field sensing unit on same straight line is not to form three-dimensional electric field sensor wherein to lay at grade at least three, and described method comprises:

Along three directions orthogonal in three-dimensional system of coordinate, the sensitivity coefficient of each electric field sensing unit with respect to described three directions demarcated to calculate in each electric field sensing unit respectively;

Sensitivity coefficient based on calculating is determined coupling sensitivity matrix of coefficients;

According to the output valve of definite coupling sensitivity matrix of coefficients and each electric field sensing unit, calculate the size of electric field to be measured.

2. method according to claim 1, wherein, it is to define that the position of electric field sensing unit adopts cartesian coordinate system or geocentric rectangular coordinate.

3. method according to claim 1, wherein, each electric field sensing unit is demarcated and comprised:

Apply directions X electric field, each electric field sensing unit is carried out to linear fit in the output under same electric field not, obtain respectively the sensitivity coefficient of each electric field sensing unit to directions X electric field: k _1x, k _2xk _nx, n>=3 wherein n are the numberings of electric field sensing unit;

Adopt and use the same method, apply respectively Y and z direction electric field, linear fit obtains the sensitivity coefficient of each electric field sensing unit to Y and Z direction electric field: k _1y, k _2yk _ny, k _1z, k _2zk _nz.

4. method according to claim 3, wherein, is defined as the coupling sensitivity matrix of coefficients of three-dimensional electric field sensor

$\left(\begin{array}{ccc}{k}_{1x}& k_{1y}& k_{1z}\\ k_{2x}& k_{2y}& k_{2z}\\ \&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;& \&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;& \&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;\\ k_{\mathrm{nx}}& k_{\mathrm{ny}}& k_{\mathrm{nz}}\end{array}\right).$

5. method according to claim 4, wherein, calculate the size of electric field to be measured according to following formula:

$\left(\begin{array}{c}{E}_x\\ E_y\\ E_z\end{array}\right)={\left(\begin{array}{ccc}{k}_{1x}& k_{1y}& k_{1z}\\ k_{2x}& k_{2y}& k_{2z}\\ \&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;& \&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;& \&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;\\ k_{\mathrm{nx}}& k_{\mathrm{ny}}& k_{\mathrm{nz}}\end{array}\right)}^{-1}\&CenterDot;\left(\begin{array}{c}{V}_1\\ V_2\\ \&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;\&CenterDot;\\ V_n\end{array}\right)$

Wherein E _x, E _y, E _zrepresent three components of space electric field, V ₁, V ₂v _nrepresentative is numbered 1,2 ... the response output of the electric field sensing unit of n.

6. method according to claim 1, wherein, described at least three electric field sensing unit are identical or different, and comprise with lower at least one: the electric field-sensitive chip of separation or electric field sensing unit, packaged battery field sensitive element or the exposed electric field-sensitive element of diverse location on same sensitive chip.

Images