CN105866382B - For reinforcing the consolidation by electroosmosis experimental rig of Soft Clay Foundation and method - Google Patents
For reinforcing the consolidation by electroosmosis experimental rig of Soft Clay Foundation and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105866382B CN105866382B CN201610231646.XA CN201610231646A CN105866382B CN 105866382 B CN105866382 B CN 105866382B CN 201610231646 A CN201610231646 A CN 201610231646A CN 105866382 B CN105866382 B CN 105866382B
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- soil body
- soil
- external visualization
- pressure sensor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/11—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil by thermal, electrical or electro-chemical means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
- G01N27/043—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a granular material
Abstract
A kind of consolidation by electroosmosis experimental rig and method for being used to reinforce Soft Clay Foundation, including external visualization main body, it is equipped with to measure the measuring electrode of soil body voltage, electric current and potential stylus in the external visualization main body, and the bottom of external visualization main body is equipped with drainage channel, and realtime graphic collection system is equipped in the outside of external Visualization Agent；The measuring electrode is powered by power supply, and is connected with voltmeter, ammeter on its connected circuit.The present invention carries out comprehensive composite measurement to conductivity, soil pressure, settling amount, displacement, voltage and current, by computer automatic data processing, electric osmose effect under different factors is intuitively compared, compared with forefathers' device, more practicability, comprehensive.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of new for reinforcing the experiment of the multi-functional consolidation by electroosmosis of fine grained, hypotonicity Soft Clay Foundation
Type device and operating method.
Background technology
Soft clay is distributed widely in the East Coastal in China because of the property such as its unique high-moisture percentage, high-compressibility, low-intensity
Matter brings inconvenience, therefore the ground of this soil property is handled before construction to engineering construction.At many grounds
In reason method, electro-osmosis method is applied as a kind of more emerging effective method in engineering.Electro-osmosis method is a kind of utilization
The method for processing foundation that electric energy reinforces ground has reinforcing speed fast, there is good add to fine grained, hypotonicity soil
Gu the advantages that effect.Be to the research of electro-osmosis method at present studied with laboratory test based on, and field application is rare.For tool
There is the Soft Clay Foundation of the characteristics such as fine grained, high-ductility, hyposmosis, using conventional drainage concretion method initial performances than more significant,
But later stage consolidation effect is decreased obviously, and shows as that posterior settlement is slow, and the intensity value after reinforcing is smaller.Electric osmose consolidation effect is to soil
Granular size is simultaneously insensitive, and with the development of economy with the raising of technical merit, electro-osmosis method be likely to become it is such soil
The foundation reinforcement method that a kind of efficient and cost can be born.Previous experimental provision is relatively simple, and function is also more single, no
It can realize that comprehensive factor measures the resultant effect with comparison, lack high efficiency, accuracy and practicability.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to design a kind of multi-functional electric osmose for being used to reinforce fine grained, hypotonicity Soft Clay Foundation
Consolidation test new device and operating method provide a kind of simple in structure, easy to operate, cheap, visualization device.
To achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical proposals：
A kind of multi-functional consolidation by electroosmosis experimental rig for being used to reinforce fine grained, hypotonicity Soft Clay Foundation, including outer
Portion's Visualization Agent is equipped with measuring electrode and electricity for measuring soil body voltage, electric current in the external visualization main body
Gesture stylus, and the bottom of external visualization main body is equipped with drainage channel, and realtime graphic is equipped in the outside of external Visualization Agent
Collection system；The measuring electrode is powered by power supply, and is connected with voltmeter, ammeter on its connected circuit.
Further, the external visualization main body is made of six face tempered glass, and scale is marked in tempered glass,
It can intuitively observe and compare soil body settling amount.
Further, the measuring electrode is provided with the iron of fine crack or aluminum metal pipe using surface.
Further, the drainage channel includes drainpipe and osculum, and the osculum is arranged on measuring electrode
The corresponding external visualization bottom part body of cathode terminal, and the external drainpipe of the osculum, the water of drainpipe discharge is from glass
Bottom of the barrel is guided in flask, pours into reading in graduated cylinder.
Further, a dial gauge is further included, the dial gauge is fixed on holding frame, by what is carried on holding frame
Measuring staff withstands soil body surface, makes measuring staff vertical with the holding of survey face, and dial gauge measures the variation of soil body surface average settlement.
Further, an electrical conductivity monitoring device is further included, electrical conductivity monitoring device is inserted into native in-vivo measurement experiment
The variation of soil body conductivity in the process.
Further, a pressure sensor is further included, pressure sensor is arranged in inside soil body, for measuring soil pressure
Variation
Further, the measuring electrode is vertically placed on the soil body of external visualization main body after being wrapped up by geotextiles
In.
Further, the electric power system is DC power supply.
Further, the realtime graphic collection system in soil sample chamber is visualized by adding in coloured solvent, simultaneously
It by high-definition camera, is periodically shot, is observed to visual pattern, record the solute during entire consolidation by electroosmosis
Transport conditions.
Further, the electrical conductivity monitoring device, pressure sensor are connected with data processing equipment, while pass through key
Disk by voltmeter, ammeter, dial gauge acquisition data storage in data processing equipment, data processing equipment to each data into
Row analysis and processing.
In the present invention, dial gauge table measures the variation of soil body surface average settlement during experiment, the water of soil body discharge
It is guided in flask from glass bottom of the barrel by the drainpipe of bottom, is subsequently poured into graduated cylinder and carries out reading, voltmeter is measured in experiment
Cathode and anode potential size, ammeter are used for measuring the transient current of the soil body.
It is realized using above device and reinforces fine grained, hypotonicity Soft Clay Foundation, included the following steps：
(1) soil sample in situ is dried, ground, sieved；
(2) multigroup check experiment is designed, separately designs the soil sample of different water cut, and multiple for the setting of each moisture content
The identical soil body adds in corresponding water amount into the drying soil sample powder handled well successively and mixes well, and add in the coloured of equivalent of the same race
Solvent, closed standing；
(3) soil sample obtained in step (2) is added in external Visualization Agent, then in the soil body of moisture content of the same race
Be sequentially inserted into different number and unlike material electrode, ensure different water cut the soil body can carry out number of electrodes, material pair
Than；Electrode by electric wire with power supply is connected, the output voltage that power supply keeps certain is adjusted, by electrical conductivity monitoring device, pressure
Sensor is evenly arranged in the soil body；
(4) flask is placed at glass tank bottom discharge mouth, at regular intervals by the water in flask pour into graduated cylinder into
Row read-record；
(5) computer, display are established by conducting wire and measuring system and connected；
(6) variation of soil body surface average settlement during experiment is measured with stylus using dial gauge at regular intervals；
(7) transient current in the soil body is measured using ammeter at regular intervals；
(8) conductivity and soil pressure are measured using electrical conductivity monitoring device, pressure sensor at regular intervals.
(9) the timed shooting function of high-definition camera is set, records the solute transfer situation during entire experiment.
(10) it repeats the above steps until soil body displacement or sedimentation no longer change；
(11) final settlement of test soil body surface different location, the final moisture content of the soil body and shearing strength etc.；
(12) data are arranged, draw table and analyze result of the test.
Realized using above device and reinforce fine grained, hypotonicity Soft Clay Foundation and compare consolidation effect, the present invention with
Previous measuring method is compared and is had the following advantages：
1) tempered glass soil sample chamber with a scale realizes the visualization of experiment overall process, can clearly observe electric osmose and reinforce
The effect and rate of hypotonic soft clay body consolidation in journey；
2) specific to carry out electric osmose effect test with regard to specific ground permeability and grain composition situation, comparing result selects most
For effective mode, have reinforcing speed fast, have the advantages of good consolidation effect to fine grained, hypotonicity soil.
3) comprehensive composite measurement is carried out to conductivity, soil pressure, settling amount, displacement, voltage and current, by calculating
Machine automatic data processing intuitively compares the electric osmose effect under different factors, compared with forefathers' device, more practicability,
It is comprehensive.
4) it can realize that realtime graphic is collected and recorded, grasp the solute transfer during entire consolidation by electroosmosis vividerly
Situation.
5) present apparatus is easy to operate, cheap, repeats and utilizes.
Description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is the present invention
Some embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also basis
These attached drawings obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention；
Fig. 2 is four electrode electric osmose structure diagrams；
Fig. 3 is experimental rig layout of the present invention.
1. external visualization system of subject in figure；2. tempered glass soil sample chamber；3-1. measuring electrode anode As, 3-2 measure electricity
Pole cathode B；5. drainage channel；6. soil sample；7. voltmeter；8. ammeter；9. potential stylus；10. electric supply system；11. electricity
Conductance monitors sensor；12. pressure sensor；13. high-definition camera；14. computer and display.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described with example below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, fine grained is reinforced, the multi-functional consolidation by electroosmosis of hypotonicity Soft Clay Foundation tests novel dress
It puts, including an external visualization system of subject 1, external visualization system of subject is made of tempered glass soil sample chamber 2, and six faces are equal
Installation visualization tempered glass, can intuitively observe and compare soil body settling amount；And it is inserted with measuring electrode anode A 3-1 and measures electricity
Pole cathode B3-2, measuring electrode is provided with the iron of fine crack or aluminum metal pipe using diameter 2cm, surface, after electrode is wrapped up by geotextiles
It is vertically placed in bucket in the soil body；Corresponding 1 bottoms of external visualization system of subject of measuring electrode cathode B are equipped with drainage channel 5,
Comprehensive Integrated Measurement System is by dial gauge, graduated cylinder, voltmeter 7, ammeter 8 and potential stylus 9, monitored conductivity sensor
11；Pressure sensor 12, high-definition camera 13 form, and DC power supply is as electric supply system 10.
Visualization Agent system is made of six face tempered glass, glass soil sample chamber size be 50cm × 40cm × 30cm, glass
Glass is marked with scale, can intuitively observe and compare soil body settling amount；Tempered glass soil sample chamber with a scale realizes the full mistake of experiment
The visualization of journey can clearly observe the effect and rate of hypotonic soft clay body consolidation in electric osmose reinforcing process；
Measuring electrode is replaceable electrode, and the iron of fine crack or aluminum metal pipe, number of electrodes are provided with using diameter 2cm, surface
Adjustable, electrode material can substitute, and concrete foundation variable grain and permeability Soft Clay Foundation are selected.
Measuring electrode is vertically placed on after being wrapped up by corrosion-resistant, good water permeability geotextiles in soil sample 6 in situ.
Include drainpipe and osculum two parts with drainage channel 5, osculum 5 is the circular aperture of diameter 2cm, with glass
2 being integrally formed system of soil sample chamber, the external drainpipe of osculum, for soft rubber pipe of the diameter slightly larger than 2cm；Drainpipe is discharged
Water guided in flask from glass bottom of the barrel, pour into reading in graduated cylinder.
Comprehensive Integrated Measurement System is by dial gauge, graduated cylinder, voltmeter 7, ammeter 8 and potential stylus 9, monitored conductivity
Sensor 11；Pressure sensor 12, high-definition camera 13 form, and dial gauge is fixed on holding frame, by what is carried on holding frame
Measuring staff withstands soil body surface, makes measuring staff vertical with the holding of survey face, and dial gauge measures the variation of soil body surface average settlement.
Monitored conductivity sensor 11 is inserted into the variation of soil body conductivity during native in-vivo measurement experiment.
Pressure sensor 12 is arranged in inside soil body, for measuring the variation of soil pressure
High-definition camera 13 in soil sample chamber is visualized by adding in coloured solvent, while by high-definition camera, timing
It is shot, is observed to visual pattern, record the solute transfer situation during entire consolidation by electroosmosis.
Monitored conductivity sensor 11, pressure sensor 12 are connected with computer and display 14, while will by keyboard
In the data storage to computer and display 14 that voltmeter, ammeter, dial gauge acquire, computer and display 14 are to each number
According to being analyzed and handled.
Voltmeter 7 measures cathode 3B, anode 3A potential sizes in experiment, and ammeter 8 is used for measuring the transient current of the soil body；
Electric supply system 10 is that electric power system is DC power supply, and gwinstek SPD -3606 DC voltage-stabilizings electricity specifically can be used
Source, power supply is light and short, easy to carry, and tool is operated in parallel or in series pattern.
It is realized using above device and reinforces fine grained, hypotonicity Soft Clay Foundation, included the following steps：
(1) soil sample 6 in situ is dried, ground, sieved；
(2) multigroup check experiment is designed, separately designs the soil sample of different water cut, and multiple for the setting of each moisture content
The identical soil body adds in corresponding water amount into the drying soil sample powder handled well successively and mixes well, and add in the coloured of equivalent of the same race
Solvent, closed standing；
(3) soil sample obtained in step (2) is added in external Visualization Agent, then in the soil body of moisture content of the same race
Be sequentially inserted into different number and unlike material electrode, ensure different water cut the soil body can carry out number of electrodes, material pair
Than；Electrode by electric wire with power supply is connected, the output voltage that power supply keeps certain is adjusted, by electrical conductivity monitoring device, pressure
Sensor is evenly arranged in the soil body；
(4) flask is placed at glass tank bottom discharge mouth, is carried out per every other hour pouring into the water in flask in graduated cylinder
Read-record；
(5) computer, display are established by conducting wire and measuring system and connected；
(6) variation of soil body surface average settlement during experiment is measured with stylus using dial gauge at regular intervals；
(7) transient current in the soil body is measured using ammeter at regular intervals；
(8) conductivity and soil pressure are measured using electrical conductivity monitoring device, pressure sensor at regular intervals.
(9) the timed shooting function of high-definition camera is set, records the solute transfer situation during entire experiment.
(10) it repeats the above steps until soil body displacement or sedimentation no longer change；
(11) final settlement of test soil body surface different location, the final moisture content of the soil body and shearing strength etc.；
(12) data are arranged, draw table and analyze result of the test.
Above-mentioned certain time is any interlude, can be a hour or dozens of minutes, according to experiment from
Row adjustment.
In three groups of above-mentioned experiments, after one group of experiment can be finished, soil sample is outwelled, then adds in another group of soil sample, into
Next group of experiment of row；Three covering devices can also be used, are carried out at the same time three groups of experiments；According to experiment condition, can independently select.
The above method can be specific to carry out electric osmose effect test, comparison with regard to specific ground permeability and grain composition situation
As a result maximally efficient mode is selected, has reinforcing speed fast, has the excellent of good consolidation effect to fine grained, hypotonicity soil
Point.
The present invention can carry out comprehensive composite measurement to settling amount, displacement, voltage and current, under different factors
Electric osmose effect is intuitively compared, and compared with the prior device, more practicability, comprehensive is with the obvious advantage.
Above-mentioned, although the foregoing specific embodiments of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings, not protects model to the present invention
The limitation enclosed, those skilled in the art should understand that, based on the technical solutions of the present invention, those skilled in the art are not
Need to make the creative labor the various modifications or changes that can be made still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of consolidation by electroosmosis experimental rig for being used to reinforce Soft Clay Foundation, which is characterized in that including outer
Portion's Visualization Agent, dial gauge, electrical conductivity monitoring device and pressure sensor are set in the external visualization main body
It is useful for measuring soil body voltage, the measuring electrode of electric current and potential stylus, and the bottom of external visualization main body leads to equipped with draining
Road is equipped with realtime graphic collection system in the outside of external Visualization Agent；The measuring electrode is powered by power supply, and in its phase
Voltmeter, ammeter are connected on circuit even；
The external visualization main body is made of six face tempered glass, and scale is marked in tempered glass, is intuitively observed and is compared
Compared with soil body settling amount；
The measuring electrode is provided with the iron of fine crack or aluminum metal pipe using surface；
The measuring electrode includes anode and cathode, and the anode and cathode are located at opposite two of external visualization main body respectively
End；
The drainage channel includes drainpipe and osculum, and it is corresponding outer that the osculum is arranged on measuring electrode cathode terminal
Portion Visualization Agent bottom, and the external drainpipe of the osculum, the water of drainpipe discharge guide to flask from glass bottom of the barrel
In, pour into reading in graduated cylinder；
The dial gauge is fixed on holding frame, and the measuring staff carried on holding frame is withstood soil body surface, makes measuring staff and survey face
Keep vertical, dial gauge measures the variation of soil body surface average settlement；
Electrical conductivity monitoring device is inserted into the variation of soil body conductivity during native in-vivo measurement experiment；
Pressure sensor is arranged in inside soil body, for measuring the variation of soil pressure；
The electrical conductivity monitoring device, pressure sensor are connected with data processing equipment, while by keyboard by voltmeter, electricity
Flow table, the data of dial gauge acquisition are stored up into data processing equipment, and data processing equipment is analyzed and handled to each data；
Fine grained is reinforced using the device realization, the method that hypotonicity Soft Clay Foundation measures, include the following steps：
（1）Soil sample in situ is dried, grind, is sieved；
（2）Design multigroup check experiment；The soil sample of different water cut is separately designed, and multiple identical for the setting of each moisture content
The soil body, successively into the drying soil sample powder handled well add in corresponding water amount mix well, and add in the coloured solvent of equivalent of the same race,
Closed standing；
（3）Step is added in external Visualization Agent（2）In obtained soil sample, then in the soil body of moisture content of the same race successively
Different number and unlike material electrode are inserted into, electrode is connected with power supply, the output voltage that power supply keeps certain is adjusted, by conductance
Rate monitoring device, pressure sensor are evenly arranged in the soil body；
（4）Flask is placed at glass tank bottom discharge mouth, the water in flask is poured into graduated cylinder read at regular intervals
Number scale is recorded；
（5）Data processing equipment is established and connected by conducting wire and conductance monitoring device, pressure sensor；
（6）Measure the variation of soil body surface average settlement during experiment with stylus using dial gauge at regular intervals；
（7）The transient current in the soil body is measured using ammeter at regular intervals；
（8）At regular intervals conductivity and soil pressure are measured using electrical conductivity monitoring device, pressure sensor；
（9）The timed shooting function of realtime graphic collection system is set, records the solute transfer situation during entire experiment；
（10）It repeats the above steps until soil body displacement or sedimentation no longer change；
（11）Test the final settlement of soil body surface different location, the final moisture content and shearing strength of the soil body；
（12）Data are arranged, draw table and analyze result of the test.
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| CN105866382B true CN105866382B (en) | 2018-06-22 |
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