CN105865374B - A kind of measuring method of cylindrical roller radius of curvature - Google Patents
A kind of measuring method of cylindrical roller radius of curvature Download PDFInfo
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- CN105865374B CN105865374B CN201610173245.3A CN201610173245A CN105865374B CN 105865374 B CN105865374 B CN 105865374B CN 201610173245 A CN201610173245 A CN 201610173245A CN 105865374 B CN105865374 B CN 105865374B
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- Prior art keywords
- cylindrical roller
- radius
- degree
- curvature
- displacement sensor
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
- G01B11/255—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures for measuring radius of curvature
Abstract
The present invention is a kind of measuring method of cylindrical roller radius of curvature,Using to a set of measuring device,Measuring device contains pedestal,Two-dimensional movement adjustable shelf,Stent,Laser displacement sensor,Gripping sleeve,Air-float turntable,Air-bearing and servomotor,The measuring method of the present invention measures the radius of curvature of two sections of circular arcs at cylindrical roller sustained height using laser displacement sensor,Using the contactless fine structure and profile that cylindrical roller surface circular arc will not be destroyed in measurement process,Least square fitting is recycled to go out the radius of curvature at the height,Identical process is repeated with regard to the radius of curvature at other height can be measured,So as to calculate the total curve radius of cylindrical roller,So as to judge whether total curve radius meets design requirement,Improve the measurement accuracy of cylindrical roller radius of curvature,Avoid human error,The performance of dispatching from the factory of cylindrical roller is effectively improved on the whole,The measuring method of the present invention is simple and reliable,Measuring device can be reused.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to bearing roller test technique automatic field, more particularly to a kind of cylindrical roller radius of curvature
Measuring method.
Background technology
The radius of curvature of cylindrical roller reflects the characteristic mass of its surface geometry pattern, not only influences the assembling of bearing
Quality, and determine the stability of bearing working.But horizontal limitation is subject to processing, the curvature half of finished product cylindrical roller
Often there are fine difference, these fine differences are to restrict the key that bearing performance improves in footpath.Therefore, need to examine after grinding
Whether the radius of curvature for surveying cylindrical roller meets precision and design requirement.
In actually detected, the measurement method of cylindrical roller radius of curvature mainly has by modulus method, standard roller painting process
With the contourgraph direct method of measurement.
It is to contact using standard jig to realize qualitative inspection side with cylindrical roller surface by modulus method, is suitable for mill by modulus method
Cut processing after Site Detection, by modulus method measurement accuracy be subject to standard jig manufacturing process, positioning accuracy, site environment etc. because
The limitation of element, therefore can not achieve the high-acruracy survey of cylindrical roller radius of curvature.
Standard roller painting process be by the way of standard roller is tinted come the radius of curvature of qualitative detection cylindrical roller,
Standard roller painting process is suitable for detecting in the workshop after grinding eventually, and the measurement accuracy of standard roller painting process is subject to standard roller
The factors such as accuracy class, coating quality and smearing uniformity influence, and can not realize degree of precision cylindrical roller radius of curvature
Detection.
The contourgraph direct method of measurement is that the surface configuration of cylindrical roller is directly measured by contourgraph, and utilizes a most young waiter in a wineshop or an inn
Multiplication is fitted the radius of curvature for trying to achieve cylindrical roller.The contourgraph direct method of measurement be readily incorporated in tune and in operating process compared with
Big measurement error, therefore it is extremely difficult to higher measurement accuracy.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned shortcoming, the present invention provides a kind of measuring method of cylindrical roller radius of curvature, the measurement
Method measures the radius of curvature of cylindrical roller by a set of measuring device, and cylinder rolling is measured using laser displacement sensor
Radius of curvature of the son at sustained height, recycles least square fitting to go out the radius of curvature at the height, finally utilizes phase
Radius of curvature at the same method measurement other height of cylindrical roller, so that the total curve radius of cylindrical roller is obtained, and
Judge whether total curve radius meets required precision, so as to improve the measurement accuracy of cylindrical roller radius of curvature.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
A kind of measuring method of cylindrical roller radius of curvature, the measuring method use a set of measuring device, the survey
Measure device include pedestal, two-dimensional movement adjustable shelf, stent, laser displacement sensor, gripping sleeve, air-float turntable, air-bearing and
Servomotor, the rotation angle and rotary speed v of servomotor1And v2Controlled by computer, wherein v1< v2, laser displacement
The tested cylindrical roller radius of curvature data that sensor detects are transfused in the computer, which is also stored with minimum
Two multiply fitting process, and the radius of curvature of tested cylindrical roller can be calculated by the least square fitting method, are tested cylinder
Roller has positioning end in grinding, and the positioning end has made display mark in grinding, gives cylinder rolling
The design radius of curvature of son is R, and feature of the invention is as follows:
Side is configured with two-dimensional movement adjustable shelf on pedestal, and two-dimensional movement adjustable shelf has fixed vertical rack and with described
The level frame that vertical rack moves up and down, is threaded the stent that can be moved left and right below the either end of the level frame,
Laser displacement sensor is fixed with stent;
Opposite side is configured with air-bearing on pedestal, and the servo motor output shaft installed in pedestal lower end passes through air-bearing
Couple afterwards with air-float turntable, air-float turntable is positioned horizontally in air-bearing upper surface, and air-float turntable center line is exported with servomotor
Shaft centre line is to overlap after connection, and the gripping sleeve that can be dismantled is fitted with the upper surface of air-float turntable, is equipped with after clamping
Gripping sleeve center line is overlapped with the center line of air-float turntable;
The radius of curvature of the tested cylindrical roller of measurement carries out as follows:
1. the positioning end of tested cylindrical roller, which is lain on air-float turntable, makes the center of tested cylindrical roller
Axis will be clamped, from clamping perpendicular to air-float turntable horizontal plane by gripping sleeve at the positioning end of tested cylindrical roller
Total height of the set upper side at tested cylindrical roller upper end edge is set as L, measures k times altogether, then the height measured every time
Spacing is l=L/k, and k is nature positive integer, and adjusting the level frame makes laser displacement sensor first be directed at tested cylindrical roller
Circular arc at upper end edge, at this time the initial measurement locations of laser displacement sensor be called l1At 0 degree of position;
2. start servomotor in the direction of the clock and with v130 degree of rotation, when tested cylindrical roller rotates 30 degree at this time
Position be marked as l1At 30 degree of position, from the l1The l is arrived at 0 degree of position1Laser displacement sensor is to measured circle at 30 degree of position
The circular arc of cylinder roller measures and draws l1I data of position, the l1I data of position are transfused in computer, and computer utilizes
Least square fitting method can solve the l1The radius of curvature r of I data of position1;
3. start servomotor in the direction of the clock from the l1Set out and with speed v at 30 degree of position2180 degree is rotated, at this time
Position during tested cylindrical roller rotation 180 degree is marked as l1At 210 degree of position;
4. start servomotor in the direction of the clock from the l1Set out and with v at 210 degree of position130 degree of rotation, is tested at this time
Position when cylindrical roller rotates 30 degree is marked as l1At 240 degree of position, from the l1Zero l is arrived at 210 degree of position1Position 240
Laser displacement sensor measures the circular arc for being tested cylindrical roller and draws l at degree1II data of position, the l1Position II
Data are transfused in computer, and computer can solve the l using least square fitting method1The radius of curvature of II data of position
r2, computer passes throughTested cylindrical roller can be calculated in l1Mean radius of curvature R during position1;
5. the level frame is moved down first height spacing l makes the tested cylinder rolling of laser displacement sensor alignment
The l of son2Position at circular arc, at this time the initial measurement locations of laser displacement sensor be called l2Position 0 degree at, repeat it is above-mentioned 2. -4. can
Tested cylindrical roller is enough calculated in l2Mean radius of curvature R during position2;
6. it is above-mentioned 5. on the basis of by the level frame still further below move second height spacing l sense laser displacement
The l of the tested cylindrical roller of device alignment3Position at circular arc, at this time the initial measurement locations of laser displacement sensor be called l30 degree of position
Place, and so on laser displacement sensor from initial measurement locations by height spacing l move down successively just there is l40 degree of position
Place, l5And l at 0 degree of position ...kPosition 0 degree at, constantly repeat it is above-mentioned 2. -4. can calculate tested cylindrical roller in l3During position
Mean radius of curvature R3、l4Mean radius of curvature R during position4... and lkMean radius of curvature R during positionk;
Above-mentioned k times is measured obtained R1、R2、R3、R4、…RkTotal curve radius R is calculated by computerAlways:
The total curve radius R of tested cylindrical roller can be just compared by computer againAlwaysWhether meet that the design of R will
Ask.
Due to using technical solution as described above, the present invention produces following good effect:
1st, the present invention can disposably measure radius of curvature of the different size cylindrical roller in different circular arcs, so that real
Now to the identification of cylindrical roller surface profile, and automatically identify the cylindrical roller of qualification.
2nd, the present invention uses contactless measurement, and cylindrical roller surface circular arc will not be destroyed in measurement process
Fine structure and profile.
3rd, using the radius of curvature of two sections of different circular arcs at laser displacement sensor measurement cylindrical roller sustained height, then
Go out the radius of curvature at the height using least square fitting, repeat identical process with regard to the curvature at other height can be measured
Radius, so as to calculate the total curve radius of cylindrical roller, and judges whether total curve radius meets design requirement.
4th, the present invention can improve the measurement accuracy of cylindrical roller radius of curvature, avoid human error, can have on the whole
Effect improves the performance of dispatching from the factory of cylindrical roller.
5th, measuring method of the invention can more meet industrial detection and the actual needs of lean product.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the partial structurtes simplified schematic diagram of measuring device.
In Fig. 1:1- pedestals;2- two-dimensional movement adjustable shelfs;3- stents;4- laser displacement sensors;5- is tested cylindrical rolling
Son;6- gripping sleeves;7- air-float turntables;8- air-bearings;9- servomotors.
Embodiment
The present invention is a kind of measuring method of cylindrical roller radius of curvature, and the present invention is measured using laser displacement sensor
The radius of curvature of two sections of different circular arcs, recycles least square fitting to go out the song at the height at cylindrical roller sustained height
Rate radius, repeats identical process with regard to that can measure the radius of curvature at other height, so as to calculate total song of cylindrical roller
Rate radius, and judge whether total curve radius meets design requirement.
With reference to Fig. 1, method of the invention uses a set of measuring device, and the measuring device includes pedestal 1, two-dimensional movement
Adjustable shelf 2, stent 3, laser displacement sensor 4, gripping sleeve 6, air-float turntable 7, air-bearing 8 and servomotor 9, servomotor
9 rotation angle and rotary speed v1And v2Controlled by computer, wherein v1< v2, v1And v2Can be according to tested cylindrical roller
5 measurement request and set in advance.
The tested cylindrical roller radius of curvature data that laser displacement sensor detects are transfused in the computer, the meter
Calculation machine is also stored with least square fitting method, and the curvature of tested cylindrical roller can be calculated by the least square fitting method
Radius, tested cylindrical roller have positioning end in grinding, and the positioning end has made display mark in grinding
Note, the design radius of curvature for giving cylindrical roller is R.
The connecting relation of the measuring device is summarized as follows:
Side is configured with two-dimensional movement adjustable shelf on pedestal, and two-dimensional movement adjustable shelf has fixed vertical rack and with described
The level frame that vertical rack moves up and down, is threaded the stent that can be moved left and right below the either end of the level frame,
Laser displacement sensor is fixed with stent, the level frame can drive laser displacement sensor to realize and move up and down, the water
The mode that flatrack is moved up and down along the vertical rack can be stent energy that is manual or automatic, and moving left and right
Enough adjust laser displacement sensor and the spacing on tested cylindrical roller surface.
Opposite side is configured with air-bearing on pedestal, and the servo motor output shaft installed in pedestal lower end passes through air-bearing
Couple afterwards with air-float turntable, air-float turntable be positioned horizontally in air-bearing upper surface and ensure air-bearing rotation when air-float turntable with
It is rotated synchronously, and air-float turntable center line is to overlap after coupling with servo motor output shaft center line, in air-float turntable
Upper surface is fitted with the gripping sleeve that can be dismantled, and the gripping sleeve center line after equipped clamping is overlapped with the center line of air-float turntable.
Under the assistance of the measuring device, measuring method of the invention carries out as follows:
1. the positioning end of tested cylindrical roller, which is lain on air-float turntable, makes the center of tested cylindrical roller
Axis will be clamped, from clamping perpendicular to air-float turntable horizontal plane by gripping sleeve at the positioning end of tested cylindrical roller
Total height of the set upper side at tested cylindrical roller upper end edge is set as L, measures k times altogether, then the height measured every time
Spacing is l=L/k, and k is nature positive integer, for tested cylindrical roller, if L=15 ㎜, it is recommended that k >=3, this be because
Less caused to be tested the change of the radius of curvature of cylindrical roller, measure 3 times and take three position R of upper, middle and lower1、R2And R3.Folder
Fixed to have certain altitude, gripping sleeve is called at gripping sleeve lower end edge what short transverse was contacted with air-float turntable, otherwise is claimed
It is at gripping sleeve upper end edge.Adjusting the level frame makes laser displacement sensor first be aligned at tested cylindrical roller upper end edge
Circular arc, at this time the initial measurement locations of laser displacement sensor be called l1At 0 degree of position, it is therefore seen that the present invention is connect using non-
Touch measuring method, will not destroy the fine structure and profile of cylindrical roller surface circular arc in measurement process.
2. start servomotor in the direction of the clock and with v130 degree of rotation, when tested cylindrical roller rotates 30 degree at this time
Position be marked as l1At 30 degree of position, to the l at 0 degree of the l1 positions1Laser displacement sensor is to measured circle at 30 degree of position
The circular arc of cylinder roller measures and draws l1I data of position, the l1I data of position are transfused in computer, and computer utilizes
Least square fitting method can solve the l1The radius of curvature r of I data of position1。
3. start servomotor in the direction of the clock from the l1Set out and with speed v at 30 degree of position2180 degree is rotated, at this time
Position during tested cylindrical roller rotation 180 degree is marked as l1At 210 degree of position, the l1Song need not be measured at 210 degree of position
Rate radius, is a transient process.
4. start servomotor in the direction of the clock from the l1Set out and with v at 210 degree of position130 degree of rotation, is tested at this time
Position when cylindrical roller rotates 30 degree is marked as l1At 240 degree of position, from the l1Zero l is arrived at 210 degree of position1Position 240
Laser displacement sensor measures the circular arc for being tested cylindrical roller and draws l at degree1II data of position, the l1Position II
Data are transfused in computer, and computer can solve the l using least square fitting method1The radius of curvature of II data of position
r2, computer passes throughTested cylindrical roller can be calculated in l1Mean radius of curvature R during position1。
5. the level frame is moved down first height spacing l makes the tested cylinder rolling of laser displacement sensor alignment
The l of son2Position at circular arc, at this time the initial measurement locations of laser displacement sensor be called l2Position 0 degree at, repeat it is above-mentioned 2. -4. can
Tested cylindrical roller is enough calculated in l2Mean radius of curvature R during position2。
6. it is above-mentioned 5. on the basis of by the level frame still further below move second height spacing l sense laser displacement
The l of the tested cylindrical roller of device alignment3Position at circular arc, at this time the initial measurement locations of laser displacement sensor be called l30 degree of position
Place, and so on laser displacement sensor from initial measurement locations by height spacing l move down successively just there is l40 degree of position
Place, l5And l at 0 degree of position ...kPosition 0 degree at, constantly repeat it is above-mentioned 2. -4. can calculate tested cylindrical roller in l3During position
Mean radius of curvature R3、l4Mean radius of curvature R during position4... and lkMean radius of curvature R during positionk。
Above-mentioned k times is measured obtained R1、R2、R3、R4、…RkTotal curve radius R is calculated by computerAlways:
The total curve radius R of tested cylindrical roller can be just compared by computer againAlwaysWhether meet that the design of R will
Ask, the design radius of curvature R of cylindrical roller has certain margin of tolerance, RAlwaysAs long as falling into the margin of tolerance, calculate
Machine can just make qualified judgement immediately, otherwise will make unqualified judgement, it is therefore seen that the present invention can be measured disposably not
Same specification is tested radius of curvature of the cylindrical roller in different circular arcs, so as to fulfill to being tested cylindrical roller surface profile
Identification, and the tested cylindrical roller of qualification is automatically identified, meet industrialization detection and the lean product need of cylindrical roller
Ask.
Above-mentioned is measuring method from top to bottom, and the present invention measures the radius of curvature of tested cylindrical roller from top to bottom
It is equally feasible, the level frame is adjusted at this time to make laser displacement sensor first be aligned at gripping sleeve upper end edge be tested cylinder
The circular arc of roller, then the initial measurement locations of laser displacement sensor be called l1Position 0 degree at, by it is above-mentioned 2. -4. can count
Tested cylindrical roller is calculated in l1Mean radius of curvature R during position1, the level frame is moved up into first height afterwards
Spacing l makes the l of the tested cylindrical roller of laser displacement sensor alignment2Circular arc at position, laser displacement sensor is initial at this time
Measurement position is called l2Position 0 degree at, repeat 5. -6. can draw total curve radius RAlways, not described part is referring to the technology
Scheme.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of measuring method of cylindrical roller radius of curvature, the measuring method use a set of measuring device, the measurement
Device includes pedestal (1), two-dimensional movement adjustable shelf (2), stent (3), laser displacement sensor (4), gripping sleeve (6), air supporting turn
Platform (7), air-bearing (8) and servomotor (9), the rotation angle and rotary speed v of servomotor (9)1With rotary speed v2
Controlled by computer, wherein v1< v2, tested cylindrical roller (5) radius of curvature data that laser displacement sensor (4) detects
It is transfused in the computer, which is also stored with least square fitting method, can be calculated by the least square fitting method
Go out the radius of curvature of tested cylindrical roller (5), tested cylindrical roller (5) has positioning end in grinding, described fixed
Display mark has been made at position end in grinding, and the design radius of curvature for giving cylindrical roller is R, it is characterized in that:
Side is configured with two-dimensional movement adjustable shelf (2) on pedestal (1), two-dimensional movement adjustable shelf (2) have fixed vertical rack and
The level frame moved up and down with the vertical rack, is threaded what can be moved left and right below the either end of the level frame
Stent (3), is fixed with laser displacement sensor (4) on stent (3);
Opposite side is configured with air-bearing (8) on pedestal (1), and servomotor (9) output shaft installed in pedestal (1) lower end passes through
Air-bearing (8) couples with air-float turntable (7) afterwards, and air-float turntable (7) is positioned horizontally in air-bearing (8) upper surface, air-float turntable
(7) center line is to overlap after coupling with servomotor (9) output shaft centre line, is equipped with the upper surface of air-float turntable (7)
There is the gripping sleeve (6) that can be dismantled, gripping sleeve (6) center line after equipped clamping is overlapped with the center line of air-float turntable (7);
The radius of curvature of the tested cylindrical roller (5) of measurement carries out as follows:
1. the positioning end of tested cylindrical roller (5), which is lain on air-float turntable (7), makes tested cylindrical roller (5)
Central axis upright is in air-float turntable (7) horizontal plane, by gripping sleeve (6) by the positioning end of tested cylindrical roller (5)
Place clamps, and the total height at gripping sleeve (6) upper end edge at tested cylindrical roller (5) upper end edge is set as L, measures k altogether
Secondary, then the height spacing measured every time is l=L/k, and k is nature positive integer, and adjusting the level frame makes laser displacement sensor
(4) initial measurement locations of the circular arc, at this time laser displacement sensor (4) that are first aligned at tested cylindrical roller (5) upper end edge
It is called l1At 0 degree of position;
2. start servomotor (9) in the direction of the clock and with v130 degree of rotation, is tested cylindrical roller (5) and rotates 30 degree at this time
When position be marked as l1At 30 degree of position, from the l1The l is arrived at 0 degree of position1Laser displacement sensor (4) is right at 30 degree of position
The circular arc of tested cylindrical roller (5) measures and draws l1I data of position, the l1I data of position are transfused in computer,
Computer can solve the l using least square fitting method1The radius of curvature r of I data of position1;
3. start servomotor (9) in the direction of the clock from the l1Set out and with speed v at 30 degree of position2180 degree is rotated, at this time
Position during tested cylindrical roller (5) rotation 180 degree is marked as l1At 210 degree of position;
4. start servomotor (9) in the direction of the clock from the l1Set out and with v at 210 degree of position130 degree of rotation, is tested at this time
Position when cylindrical roller (5) rotates 30 degree is marked as l1At 240 degree of position, from the l1Zero l is arrived at 210 degree of position1Position
Laser displacement sensor (4) measures the circular arc for being tested cylindrical roller (5) and draws l at 240 degree1II data of position,
The l1II data of position are transfused in computer, and computer can solve the l using least square fitting method1II data of position
Radius of curvature r2, computer passes throughTested cylindrical roller (5) can be calculated in l1Average song during position
Rate radius R1;
5. the level frame is moved down first height spacing l makes the tested cylinder rolling of laser displacement sensor (4) alignment
The l of sub (5)2Position at circular arc, at this time the initial measurement locations of laser displacement sensor (4) be called l2At 0 degree of position, repeat above-mentioned
2.-tested cylindrical roller (5) 4. can be calculated in l2Mean radius of curvature R during position2;
6. it is above-mentioned 5. on the basis of by the level frame still further below move second height spacing l make laser displacement sensor
(4) it is directed at the l of tested cylindrical roller (5)3Position at circular arc, at this time the initial measurement locations of laser displacement sensor (4) claim it
For l3Position 0 degree at, and so on laser displacement sensor (4) moved down successively by height spacing l from initial measurement locations
Just there is l4Position 0 degree at, l5And l at 0 degree of position ...kAt 0 degree of position, constantly repeat it is above-mentioned 2. -4. can calculate tested cylinder rolling
Sub (5) are in l3Mean radius of curvature R during position3、l4Mean radius of curvature R during position4... and lkMean radius of curvature R during positionk;
Above-mentioned k times is measured obtained R1、R2、R3、R4、…RkTotal curve radius R is calculated by computerAlways:
The total curve radius R of tested cylindrical roller (5) can be just compared by computer againAlwaysWhether meet that the design of R will
Ask.
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CN106643537B (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2019-05-10 | 常州高晟传感技术有限公司 | Bearing oil duct method for automatic measurement based on structure light |
CN106736862A (en) * | 2017-03-07 | 2017-05-31 | 华侨大学 | A kind of on-line measurement device and method of contactless turner |
CN108458872A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-08-28 | 清华大学 | A kind of Harmonic Gears deformation of flexible wheel characteristic test system and method |
CN110823061A (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2020-02-21 | 中国航发贵州黎阳航空动力有限公司 | Device and method for measuring different section radiuses of large thin-wall cylinder part |
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