CN105859916B - A kind of preparation method of south No. 9 jerusalem artichoke inulins of jerusalem artichoke - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of south No. 9 jerusalem artichoke inulins of jerusalem artichoke Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105859916B
CN105859916B CN201610339083.6A CN201610339083A CN105859916B CN 105859916 B CN105859916 B CN 105859916B CN 201610339083 A CN201610339083 A CN 201610339083A CN 105859916 B CN105859916 B CN 105859916B
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jerusalem artichoke
inulin
preparation
extracting solution
diatomite
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CN105859916A (en
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李亚辉
薛祥华
谢军伟
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Jiangsu Biqingyuan Marine Biotechnology Co Ltd
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Jiangsu Biqingyuan Marine Biotechnology Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08BPOLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
    • C08B37/00Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
    • C08B37/0006Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid
    • C08B37/0051Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid beta-D-Fructofuranans, e.g. beta-2,6-D-fructofuranan, i.e. levan; Derivatives thereof
    • C08B37/0054Inulin, i.e. beta-2,1-D-fructofuranan; Derivatives thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08BPOLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
    • C08B37/00Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
    • C08B37/0003General processes for their isolation or fractionation, e.g. purification or extraction from biomass

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of No. 9 jerusalem artichoke inulins of southern jerusalem artichoke, this method includes jerusalem artichoke pre-treatment, inulin extracts, clarification removal of impurities, decoloration, desalination, low temperature is concentrated and drying steps.This method carries out immersion treatment to raw material with potassium metabisulfite solution;It is extracted stage by stage using ultrasonic wave assisted recombination enzyme process;Conventional lime cream method is replaced to carry out clarification removal of impurities using compound clarifier method;It is decolourized using mixing decolorising agent;Desalination is carried out using different resins columns in series;Using low temperature crystallization concentrated extracting solution;Finally spray drying obtains high-purity inulin.The method method is time saving, energy saving, recovery rate is high, and can get high-purity inulin.

Description

A kind of preparation method of south No. 9 jerusalem artichoke inulins of jerusalem artichoke
Technical field
The invention belongs to food processing fields, and in particular to a kind of preparation method of south No. 9 jerusalem artichoke inulins of jerusalem artichoke.
Background technique
Jerusalem artichoke also known as Jerusalem artichoke, Jerusalem artichoke are a kind of composite family, Helianthus perennial root herbaceous plant, nutriture value Value is abundant, is known as " 21 century people and animals share crop " by FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation).The main component of jerusalem artichoke is inulin, accounts for fresh jerusalem artichoke The 15%-20% of weight, accounts for the 70%-80% of jerusalem artichoke dry weight.Inulin is a kind of natural fructan mixt, is good prebiotic Member and presently found most diffluent dietary fiber have probiotics in proliferation of human body, prevention intestinal canal tumour, treatment just The multiple efficacies such as secret, control blood glucose.Ministry of Public Health's approval inulin is new food resource within 2009, and the Ministry of Public Health in 2012, which announces, increases chrysanthemum Raw materials for production of the taro as new resource food inulin.No. 9 jerusalem artichokes of southern jerusalem artichoke are Beijing Bi Qingyuan landscape engineering Co., Ltds The patent kind obtained with the species of jeruselem artichoke introduced from Russia through screening for many years, this variety yield is high, inulin content is abundant, And it is adaptable, salt tolerant, it is waterlogging, can be planted in Coastal beach.
Foreign countries are more early to the research of inulin, especially have become a very big industry in Europe, inulin and Related product.Than The Cosun company of Orafti company and Warcoing company and Holland when sharp is that world's inulin mainly produces company, this 3 Company's yield accounts for the 98.8% of European Union's inulin total output.The developed countries such as Japan, the U.S., France, Britain have also developed inulin The technology of Related product, and it is applied to industrialized production.Jerusalem artichoke has cultivation in China's most area, before usual quilt It is edible to be made into pickled vegetable, economic value is extremely low.China starts from the research of inulin in the 1990s, country's inulin is raw at present Production. art is not mature enough, and obtaining high-purity inulin, there are also certain difficulty, hinders the development of China's jerusalem artichoke industry significantly.State Outer inulin is with high purity and has certain price advantage, and domestic some inulin apply enterprise's then more options imported product, therefore Huge competitive pressure is brought to domestic inulin manufacturer.Inulin production in the country's mainly uses hot water extraction, lime at present Newborn clarification process.That there are water consumptions is big for this method, extraction time is long, recovery rate is low, purity is not high, consumption energy consumption when the defects of.Therefore Improving to current inulin production technology is the problem of those skilled in the art pay close attention to.Based on the above issues, of the invention Propose a kind of preparation method of No. 9 jerusalem artichoke inulins of southern jerusalem artichoke.The method used time is few, less energy-consuming and recovery rate and purity is high.
Summary of the invention
For the not high problem of defect existing for current domestic inulin production technology and domestic inulin purity, the present invention is proposed A kind of method preparing inulin for No. 9 jerusalem artichokes of southern jerusalem artichoke, the method used time is few, less energy-consuming, and recovery rate and purity is high.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be accomplished by the following way:
A kind of preparation method of south No. 9 jerusalem artichoke inulins of jerusalem artichoke, method includes the following steps:
1) jerusalem artichoke pre-treatment: after fresh southern No. 9 jerusalem artichokes of jerusalem artichoke are cleaned, peeling, are sliced, impregnates, is dry, it is crushed to partial size Jerusalem artichoke powder is obtained for 200 mesh~300 mesh;
2) inulin extracts: jerusalem artichoke powder is mixed by solid-liquid ratio 1:10~1:15 (w/v) plus water, addition complex enzyme 20mg/L~ 30mg/L adjusts pH to 5.0~5.5, after carrying out ultrasonication 20min~25min at 45 DEG C~50 DEG C;Then it rises rapidly Temperature continues ultrasonication 10min~15min to 70 DEG C~80 DEG C;
3) clarification removal of impurities: carrying out diatomite for extracting solution obtained by step 2) while hot and be filtered to remove large granular impurity, then plus Enter compound clarifier 0.8g/L~1.0g/L, 50r/min~100r/min stirs 10min~15min, then at 50 DEG C~80 DEG C At a temperature of stand 1h~1.5h, be finally filtered to remove flocculate precipitate with diatomite while hot;
4) it decolourizes: mixing decolorising agent 10g/L~15g/L being added into extracting solution obtained by step 3), stirs evenly, at 50 DEG C ~80 DEG C of standing 40min, then diatomite filters to obtain clarification extracting solution;
5) desalination: will clarification extracting solution obtained by step 4) pass sequentially through concatenated strong alkalinity anion column, highly acid sun from Sub- column and weakly-basic anion column carry out desalination;
6) low temperature concentration, drying: extracting solution obtained by step 5) is stood at 0 DEG C~4 DEG C, supernatant is then removed, obtains Crystalline solid is finally dried using spray drying process.
Jerusalem artichoke raw material is No. 9 jerusalem artichokes of southern jerusalem artichoke in step 1), and not only yield is high and inulin content is abundant for this jerusalem artichoke, than other Kind is high by 5%~8%.
It is soaked in the potassium metabisulfite solution that concentration is 100mg/L~200mg/L immediately after jerusalem artichoke slice in step 1) Steep 10min~20min.
Impregnating in potassium metabisulfite solution after slice in step 1) not only can prevent brown stain with enzyme deactivation, can also play The effect of bleaching.
It is first dried at 50 DEG C~70 DEG C to the 2/3~1/2 of weight in wet base after jerusalem artichoke piece impregnates in step 1), is then increased rapidly Temperature is to 80 DEG C~90 DEG C dryings to constant weight.
Using dry technology stage by stage in step 1), sloughs free water in jerusalem artichoke completely, and make cell wall damage, mentioning Take the stage that inulin is made to be easier to dissolve out.
It is carried out in two steps extraction in step 2), is first extracted with ultrasonic wave assisted recombination enzyme, then ultrasonic wave extraction at high temperature, It extracts inulin more complete, not only shortens extraction time and substantially increase inulin recovery rate.
Complex enzyme can digest cellulose and pectin in step 2), promote cell rupture, the cavitation effect of ultrasonic wave and vibration Movement is used, and molecular motion of material frequency is increased, and increases solvent penetration power, accelerates inulin to enter under the double action of the two molten Agent promotes to extract.
Second stage is extracted using ultrasonic wave assisted with high-temperature in step 2), and high temperature increases inulin solubility, extracts inulin More completely.
Complex enzyme includes that pectin lyase accounts for 40%~45%, pectinesterase and accounts for 15%~20% in step 2), cellulose Enzyme accounts for 35%~40%, is mass percentage.
Ultrasonic power uses 300w~400w in step 2), and power is too high too down to less than ultrasonic effect, destroys chrysanthemum Powder molecular structure.
Compound clarifier is the mixture that N- deacetylation is greater than 85% chitosan and bentonite, the two mass ratio in step 3) For 1:1~1:2.
Compound clarifier is pre-processed as follows using preceding in step 3): compound clarifier is by weight 1:15~1:20 Be added in the citric acid solution that mass concentration is 1%, 45 DEG C~50 DEG C, stir under the conditions of 80r/min~100r/min 8h~ It can be used after 10h at uniform emulsion.
Chitosan is cationic flocculant in step 3) compound clarifier, can protein floculation, pectin and cellulose etc., soap Soil is Flokal B, and can flocculate pigment and other suspended particulates, and the two combined use can reach preferable clarification removal of impurities effect Fruit.
Traditional milk of lime process is replaced using clarifying agent in step 3), not only process is simple, clarifying effect is good, but also avoids The entrance of various salt particles.
The diatomite that diatomite used is loose density 0.20~0.35 is filtered in step 3).
Partial pigment can also be adsorbed and removed by not only acting as separation, impurity removal effect using diatomite filtering in step 3).
Mixing decolorising agent is the mixture of carclazyte and bentonite in step 4), and the two weight ratio is 2:1~3:1, in carclazyte A certain amount of bentonite, which is added, can play preferable decolorizing effect.
The diatomite that diatomite used is loose density 0.10~0.20 is filtered in step 4).
Clarification extracting solution is in step 5) with 600cm3/ h~800cm3/ h flow velocity passes sequentially through columns in series.
The preferred strongly basic anionic resin D201/7 of strong alkalinity anion column, highly acidic cation column are preferably strong in step 5) Acidic cationic resin D001/F, the preferred weak anion resin D306 of weakly-basic anion column.
Step 5) can make the pH of extracting solution be increased to neutrality after being concatenated column desalination.
Time of repose described in step 6) is 10h~12h.
The technology of the present invention the utility model has the advantages that
No. 9 jerusalem artichokes of jerusalem artichoke are raw material on the south the present invention, this kind inulin content is abundant;Using weighting sulfurous acid in pre-treatment Potassium solution, which is impregnated, not only prevents brown stain can be with bleaching;Inulin uses ultrasonic wave assisted recombination enzyme stage by stage in extracting It extracts, extracts inulin more complete, not only shorten extraction time and improve inulin recovery rate;It is used in clarification removal of impurities Compound clarifier method replaces traditional milk of lime process, and not only process is simple, good impurity removing effect, and avoid salt particle into Enter;Most of pigment has been eliminated in preceding processing and dedoping step, and has avoided the introducing of salt particle, after greatly reducing The workload of continuous decoloration and desalination, saves the time, improves efficiency.It is not only taken off using two kinds of resins, three pillar series connection desalinations Except rate is high and extracting solution final pH is neutrality.Low temperature concentration step is easy to operate and concentrated effect is good, improves work efficiency.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are further illustrated below by way of part test process:
Test example:
It has been respectively compared the ultrasonic wave auxiliary used in Hot water extraction, ultrasonic wave auxiliary law, enzymatic assistant extraction and the present invention Complex enzyme inulin recovery rate of the extraction method to No. 9 jerusalem artichokes of southern jerusalem artichoke stage by stage.
Hot water extraction extraction conditions are as follows: solid-liquid ratio 1:20,80 DEG C of Extracting temperature, extraction time 40min
Ultrasonic extraction method condition are as follows: solid-liquid ratio 1:20,80 DEG C of Extracting temperature, extraction time 40min, power 400w
Enzymatic Extraction condition are as follows: solid-liquid ratio 1:20,45 DEG C of Extracting temperature, extraction time 40min, pectase 30mg/L
According to the method for the present invention extraction conditions are as follows: solid-liquid ratio 1:20, complex enzyme 30mg/L, ultrasonic power 400w, 45 DEG C, 25min is extracted, then extracts 15min again for 80 DEG C
Inulin recovery rate/%=inulin concentration × extracting liquid volume/material quality × 100%
Inulin concentration/g/L=total sugar concentration-concentration of reduced sugar
The results are shown in Table 1:
1 Different Extraction Method inulin recovery rate of table compares
Higher inulin recovery rate can get using the method for the present invention as shown in Table 1.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail for the embodiment provided below in conjunction with inventor.
Embodiment 1:
No. 9 jerusalem artichokes of fresh southern jerusalem artichoke (purchased from Jiangsu Bi Qingyuan marine organisms Science and Technology Ltd.) are taken to clean, remove the peel, cut Piece impregnates 20min in the potassium metabisulfite solution that concentration is 100mg/L;Moisture is drained, is dried at 50 DEG C to weight in wet base 1/2, it is to 80 DEG C and dry to constant weight that temperature is then increased rapidly;It is finally crushed to 200 mesh and obtains jerusalem artichoke powder.By jerusalem artichoke powder It is mixed by solid-liquid ratio 1:10 (g/mL) plus water, complex enzyme 20mg/L (being purchased from Shanghai Jie Tu trade Co., Ltd) is added, wherein Containing pectin lyase 40%, pectinesterase 20%, cellulase 40% adjusts pH to 5.0, ultrasonication is carried out at 45 DEG C 20min, ultrasonic power 300w;Then it is brought rapidly up to 70 DEG C, continues ultrasonication 15min up to inulin extracting solution.It will Extracting solution carry out while hot diatomite be filtered to remove large granular impurity (diatomite loose density 0.20~0.35, Chang Bai Korean nationality from Control the white diatomite Co., Ltd of county magistrate), compound clarifier 0.8g/L is then added, is stirred under the conditions of 50r/min Then 15min stands 1h at 50 °C, finally with diatomite being filtered to remove flocculate precipitate while hot, (diatomite is loosely close Degree 0.20~0.35).Compound clarifier (being purchased from Shanghai Jie Tu trade Co., Ltd) is that (N- deacetylation is greater than chitosan 85%) and bentonite weight ratio be 1:1 mixture, compound clarifier using it is preceding be added to by weight 1:15 1% citric acid In solution, 45 DEG C, stir under 80r/min after 10h into uniform emulsion.Mixing decoloration is added into the extracting solution after clarification removal of impurities Agent 10g/L, stirs evenly, and in 50 DEG C of standing 40min, then diatomite filters to obtain clarification extracting solution (diatomite loose density 0.10~0.20).Mixing both carclazyte and bentonite weight ratio in decolorising agent is that 2:1 (is purchased from the limited public affairs of Shanghai outstanding person rabbit trade Department).By gained clarification extracting solution again with 600cm3/ h flow velocity carries out desalination by columns in series.Columns in series is by strong alkalinity anion tree Rouge D201/7, strong acidic ion resin D001/F and weak anion resin D306 are connected in sequence (purchased from Anhui Wan Dong Chemical Co., Ltd.).After desalination then gained extracting solution is removed supernatant, obtain crystalline solid in 0 DEG C of standing 10h.Finally spray Mist is dry that white powder is inulin.Being computed inulin recovery rate is 85.8%, is 96.4% through detection inulin purity.
Embodiment 2:
Fresh southern No. 9 jerusalem artichokes of jerusalem artichoke are taken to clean, peeling, slice, in the potassium metabisulfite solution that concentration is 200mg/L Impregnate 10min;Moisture is drained, is dried at 70 DEG C to the 2/3 of weight in wet base, it is to 90 DEG C and dry to perseverance then to increase temperature rapidly Weight;It is finally crushed to 300 mesh and obtains jerusalem artichoke powder.Jerusalem artichoke powder is mixed by solid-liquid ratio 1:15 (g/mL) plus water, is added compound Enzyme 30mg/L (is purchased from Shanghai Jie Tu trade Co., Ltd), wherein containing pectin lyase 45%, pectinesterase 15%, cellulose Enzyme 40% adjusts pH to 5.5, and ultrasonication 25min, ultrasonic power 400w are carried out at 50 DEG C;Then be brought rapidly up to 80 DEG C, continue ultrasonication 10min up to inulin extracting solution.Extracting solution is carried out to diatomite while hot, and to be filtered to remove bulky grain miscellaneous Matter (diatomite loose density 0.20~0.35, the white diatomite Co., Ltd of Chang Bai Korean nationality autonomy county magistrate), is then added Compound clarifier 1.0g/L stirs 10min under the conditions of 100r/min, then stands 1.5h at a temperature of 80 DEG C, while hot finally Flocculate precipitate (diatomite loose density 0.20~0.35) is filtered to remove with diatomite.Compound clarifier is (outstanding purchased from Shanghai Rabbit trade Co., Ltd) it is chitosan of the N- deacetylation greater than 85% and bentonite content than the mixture for 1:2, composite clarification Agent is added in 1% citric acid solution using preceding by weight 1:20, and 50 DEG C, stir under 100r/min after 8h into uniform emulsus Liquid can be used.Mixing decolorising agent 15g/L is added into the extracting solution after clarification removal of impurities, stirs evenly, is stood at 80 DEG C 40min, then diatomite filters to obtain clarification extracting solution (diatomite loose density 0.10~0.20).Mix decolorising agent in carclazyte and Both bentonite weight ratio is 3:1 (being purchased from Shanghai Jie Tu trade Co., Ltd).By gained clarification extracting solution with 800cm3/ h stream Speed carries out desalination by columns in series.Columns in series by strongly basic anionic resin D201/7, strong acidic ion resin D001/F and Weak anion resin D306 is connected in sequence (purchased from Anhui Wandong Chemical Co., Ltd.).Gained is extracted after desalination Then liquid removes supernatant, obtains crystalline solid in 4 DEG C of standing 12h.Finally be spray-dried white powder is inulin.It is computed chrysanthemum Powder recovery rate is 86.6%, is 97.2% through detection inulin purity.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of preparation method of south No. 9 jerusalem artichoke inulins of jerusalem artichoke, which is characterized in that method includes the following steps:
1) jerusalem artichoke pre-treatment: after fresh southern No. 9 jerusalem artichokes of jerusalem artichoke are cleaned, peeling, are sliced, impregnates, is dry, being crushed to partial size is 200 mesh ~ 300 mesh obtain jerusalem artichoke powder;Wherein, the weighting for being immediately 100mg/L ~ 200mg/L in concentration after being sliced for jerusalem artichoke is impregnated 10min ~ 20min is impregnated in potassium sulfite solution;Drying means is the first drying at 50 DEG C ~ 70 DEG C to the 2/3 ~ 1/2 of weight in wet base, so Temperature is increased rapidly afterwards to 80 DEG C ~ 90 DEG C dryings to constant weight;
2) inulin extracts: adding water to mix by solid-liquid ratio 1:10 ~ 1:15 in jerusalem artichoke powder, complex enzyme 20mg/L ~ 30mg/L is added, adjust PH to 5.0 ~ 5.5 is saved, after carrying out ultrasonication 20min ~ 25min at 45 DEG C ~ 50 DEG C;It is brought rapidly up to 70 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C, after Continuous ultrasonication 10min ~ 15min;
3) clarification removal of impurities: carrying out diatomite for extracting solution obtained by step 2 while hot and be filtered to remove large granular impurity, is then added multiple Clarifying agent 0.8g/L ~ 1.0g/L is closed, 50r/min ~ 100r/min stirs 10min ~ 15min, then quiet at a temperature of 50 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C 1h ~ 1.5h is set, is finally filtered to remove flocculate precipitate with diatomite while hot;Compound clarifier is that N- deacetylation is greater than 85% shell The mixture of glycan and bentonite, the two mass ratio are 1:1 ~ 1:2;
4) it decolourizes: mixing decolorising agent 10g/L ~ 15g/L being added into extracting solution obtained by step 3), stirs evenly, 50 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C stand 40min, then diatomite filter to obtain clarification extracting solution;
5) clarification extracting solution obtained by step 4) desalination: is passed sequentially through into concatenated strong alkalinity anion column, highly acidic cation column Desalination is carried out with weakly-basic anion column, strong alkalinity anion column is strongly basic anionic resin D201/7, highly acidic cation Column is strong acidic ion resin D001/F, and weakly-basic anion column is weak anion resin D306;
6) low temperature concentration, drying: extracting solution obtained by step 5) is stood at 0 DEG C ~ 4 DEG C, supernatant is then removed, must crystallize Body is finally spray-dried.
2. preparation method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 2 complex enzyme include pectin lyase account for 40% ~ 45%, pectinesterase accounts for 15% ~ 20%, and cellulase accounts for 35% ~ 40%.
3. preparation method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that ultrasonic power is 300w ~ 400w in step 2.
4. preparation method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that compound clarifier is as follows using preceding progress in step 3) Pretreatment: compound clarifier is added in the citric acid solution that mass concentration is 1% by weight 1:15~1:20, and 45 DEG C ~ 50 DEG C, stir under the conditions of 80r/min ~ 100r/min after 8h~10h into uniform emulsion.
5. preparation method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that mixing decolorising agent in step 4) is the mixed of carclazyte and bentonite Object is closed, the two weight ratio is 2:1 ~ 3:1.
6. preparation method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 5) clarifies extracting solution with 600cm3/h~800cm3/h Flow velocity passes sequentially through columns in series.
7. preparation method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that time of repose described in step 6) is 10h ~ 12h.
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CN107087740A (en) * 2017-06-13 2017-08-25 邢夺伟 A kind of method that instant capacity synanthrin is obtained from jerusalem artichoke
CN107344972A (en) * 2017-08-16 2017-11-14 黑龙江军门现代农业发展有限公司 A kind of preparation method of inulin Normal juice
CN108456265A (en) * 2017-08-16 2018-08-28 黑龙江军门现代农业发展有限公司 High-purity inulin extracting method

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CN103435721A (en) * 2013-09-12 2013-12-11 山西大学 Method for extracting high-purity inulin from jerusalem artichoke by ultrasonic-complex enzyme method
CN103965377A (en) * 2014-05-14 2014-08-06 东南大学 Method for preparing synanthrin from jerusalem artichoke

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2148588C1 (en) * 1998-08-20 2000-05-10 ООО "Фабрика Биотехнология" Method of preparing inulin from jerusalem artichoke tuber
CN102146144A (en) * 2011-03-18 2011-08-10 晨光生物科技集团天津有限公司 Method for extracting and refining inulin
CN103044579A (en) * 2012-12-24 2013-04-17 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 Inulin preparing method taking dried jerusalem artichoke as raw material
CN103435721A (en) * 2013-09-12 2013-12-11 山西大学 Method for extracting high-purity inulin from jerusalem artichoke by ultrasonic-complex enzyme method
CN103965377A (en) * 2014-05-14 2014-08-06 东南大学 Method for preparing synanthrin from jerusalem artichoke

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