Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of separation method of neutral longan polysaccharide level branch, can obtain the neutral longan polysaccharide of one-component through this method.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention can realize through following technical scheme: the separation method that a kind of neutral longan polysaccharide level is divided contains following steps:
(1) chooses the longan pulp water extract, the longan pulp water extract is removed most of protein and pigment obtains the longan Crude polysaccharides through D301-F anionite-exchange resin;
(2) the longan Crude polysaccharides is adopted DEAE-52 cellulose ion-exchange chromatography column separating purification,, collect the longan polysaccharide elutriant, concentrate with vacuum lyophilization and get neutral longan polysaccharide powder with the deionized water wash-out;
(3) with neutral longan polysaccharide through SephadexG-100 gel permeation chromatography post, with the deionized water wash-out, collect different longan polysaccharide fractions elutriant, concentrate with vacuum lyophilization and get neutral longan polysaccharide level branch.
In above-mentioned steps:
Longan pulp aqueous extract described in the step (1) prepares through following steps: select fresh longan raw material, dry, remove peeling and nuclear, pulverize, get longan pulp; In longan pulp, add the water of 30-40 times of weight, be heated to 70-80 ℃, place lixiviate 30-50min under the ultrasonic intensity of 200-300W, cancel ultrasonic continuation lixiviate 100-120min; Vat liquor is through filtering with after the pulp residue separates, and will filtrate in 60-70 ℃ of following vacuum concentration to little thick, collects the liquid concentrator vacuum lyophilization and promptly gets the longan pulp aqueous extract.
The concrete preparation process of the longan Crude polysaccharides described in the step (1) is: in the longan pulp aqueous extract, add entry and D301-F anionite-exchange resin; The rotating speed of regulator solution pH value, temperature and vibrator; After the vibration; Filter and collect longan Crude polysaccharides solution, get the longan Crude polysaccharides through vacuum concentration and vacuum lyophilization again.
The parameters that the longan Crude polysaccharides prepares in the process in the step (1) is: the consumption of water is 20-30 a times of longan pulp extract; The consumption of D301-F anionite-exchange resin is 3-4 a times of longan pulp water extract; Regulator solution pH value is 5.0-6.0; Temperature is 45-55 ℃, and regulating the vibrator rotating speed is 100-120r/min vibration 2-3h.Separation solution, is collected the liquid concentrator vacuum lyophilization and is promptly got the longan Crude polysaccharides to little thick in 55-65 ℃ of following vacuum concentration.
D301-F anionite-exchange resin described in the step (1) needs through pre-treatment, and preprocessing process is: through the water logging bubble, remove upper strata suspended particle and impurity earlier, use the NaCl solution soaking 3-4h after washing of weight percentage as 4-5% again; Then use the NaOH solution soaking 3-4h of weight percentage as 4-5%, washing is to nearly pH neutral, 50-55 ℃ of dry for standby at last.
The condition of DEAE-52 cellulose ion-exchange chromatography column separating purification is in the step (2): effective column volume of said DEAE-52 cellulose ion-exchange chromatography post is 30-210mL, and it is that polysaccharide/effectively column volume is about 1.0mg/mL that said DEAE-52 cellulose ion-exchange chromatography post effectively exchanges volume; Effective column volume of said DEAE-52 cellulose ion-exchange chromatography post and sample introduction liquor capacity ratio are 6.0-8.0: 1; The washed with de-ionized water volume is 2-3 with the effective column volume ratio of the said DEAE-52 cellulose ion-exchange chromatography of DEAE-52 cellulose ion-exchange chromatography post post: 1; Eluent flow rate (mL/min) is 1 with the ratio of effective column volume (L): 3-4.
DEAE-52 cellulose ion-exchange chromatography post described in the step (2) needs through pre-treatment, and described preprocessing process is: the DEAE-52 filler soaks through deionized water, removes upper strata suspended particle and impurity; With 0.4-0.5mol/L NaOH solution soaking 30-40min, washing is to nearly pH neutral; With 0.4-0.5mol/L HCl solution soaking 30-40min, washing is to nearly pH neutral; With 0.4-0.5mol/LNaOH solution soaking 30-40min, washing adopts wet method dress post promptly to get OH to nearly pH neutral
-The type chromatography column.
The condition that SephadexG-100 gel permeation chromatography post described in the step (3) separates longan polysaccharide level branch is: effective column volume 30-100mL of the SephadexG-100 gel permeation chromatography post of choosing; The sample introduction concentration of polysaccharide is 2-8mg/mL; Effective column volume of SephadexG-100 gel permeation chromatography post and sample introduction liquor capacity ratio are 20-30: 1; Deionized water elution flow rate (mL/min) is 3-4 with the ratio of effective column volume (L): 1.
SephadexG-100 gel permeation chromatography post described in the step (3) needs through pre-treatment; Described preprocessing process is: the SephadexG-100 filler is soaked through deionized water; Remove upper strata suspended particle and impurity; And, adopt wet method dress post promptly to get the SephadexG-100 gel chromatography column with boiling water treating 25-35min.
In the step (2) that the longan polysaccharide elutriant is extremely little thick at 55-65 ℃ of following vacuum concentration, collect the liquid concentrator vacuum lyophilization and promptly get Powdered longan polysaccharide; Divide elutriant extremely little thick the longan polysaccharide level in the step (3), collect the liquid concentrator vacuum lyophilization and promptly be prepared into neutral longan protein-polysaccharide level branch at 55-65 ℃ of following vacuum concentration.
The advantage that the present invention has is: the present invention carries out separation and purification to the longan Crude polysaccharides, obtains neutral polysaccharide one-component.This polysaccharide mainly is made up of glucose and seminose, and molecular weight is about 1.4 * 10
4G/moL, and have certain immunoregulatory activity, for new approach has been opened up in the intensive processing of longan.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Select fresh longan raw material, dry, remove peeling and nuclear, pulverize, get longan pulp; In longan pulp, add the water of 30 times of weight, be heated to 80 ℃, place lixiviate 30min under the ultrasonic intensity of 300W, cancel ultrasonic continuation lixiviate 120min; Vat liquor is through filtering with after the pulp residue separates, and 60 ℃ of following vacuum concentration are collected the liquid concentrator vacuum lyophilization and promptly got the longan pulp aqueous extract to little thick.
D301-F anionite-exchange resin earlier through the water logging bubble, removes upper strata suspended particle and impurity, and using weight percentage again is 4% NaCl solution soaking 4h after washing; Then using weight percentage is 4% NaOH solution soaking 4h, and washing is to nearly pH neutral, last 50 ℃ of dry for standby.
The longan pulp extract is dissolved in the water of 20 times of weight, adds the D301-F anionite-exchange resin of 3 times of longan pulp water extract weight, regulator solution pH value is 5.0, and temperature is 55 ℃, and regulating the vibrator rotating speed is 120r/min vibration 3h.Separation solution, is collected the liquid concentrator vacuum lyophilization and is promptly got the longan Crude polysaccharides to little thick in 55 ℃ of following vacuum concentration.
The DEAE-52 filler soaks through deionized water, removes upper strata suspended particle and impurity; With 0.4mol/L NaOH solution soaking 40min, washing is to nearly pH neutral; With 0.4mol/L HCl solution soaking 40min, washing is to nearly pH neutral; With 0.4mol/L NaOH solution soaking 40min, washing adopts wet method to be loaded on (effectively column volume is about 210mL) in 2.5 * 50cm medium pressure chromatography post to nearly pH neutral, and adopts deionized water with 0.60mL/min flow velocity balance 1 day.
Get 210mg longan Crude polysaccharides and be dissolved in the 35mL deionized water, the centrifugal 10min of 4500rmp gets the supernatant sample introduction; Cross DEAE-52 cellulose ion-exchange chromatography post, with 0.60mL/min flow velocity wash-out, adopt polysaccharide in the phenol sulfuric acid process monitoring elutriant with deionized water, being positive from reaction begins to collect elutriant to reaction and is negative; Elutriant is extremely little thick at 55 ℃ of following vacuum concentration, collect the liquid concentrator vacuum lyophilization and promptly get Powdered neutral longan polysaccharide powder.
The SephadexG-100 filler soaks through deionized water; Remove upper strata suspended particle and impurity; And with the about 30min of boiling water treating, wet method is loaded in 1.6 * 60cm medium pressure chromatography post (effectively column volume is about 100mL) and adopts deionized water with 0.30mL/min flow velocity balance 1 day.
Get the neutral longan polysaccharide of 40mg and be dissolved in (concentration is 8mg/mL, and effectively column volume and sample introduction liquor capacity ratio are 20: 1) in the 5mL deionized water, the centrifugal 10min of 4500rmp gets the supernatant sample introduction; With 0.30mL/min flow velocity wash-out (elution flow rate with effectively the ratio of column volume (L) be 3: 1), adopt polysaccharide in the phenol sulfuric acid process monitoring elutriant with de-ionized, being positive from reaction begins to collect elutriant to reaction and is negative; Different polysaccharide fractions elutriants are extremely little thick at 55 ℃ of following vacuum concentration respectively, collect the liquid concentrator vacuum lyophilization and promptly get neutral longan polysaccharide level branch.
Embodiment 2
Select fresh longan raw material, dry, remove peeling and nuclear, pulverize, get longan pulp; In longan pulp, add the water of 35 times of weight, be heated to 75 ℃, place lixiviate 40min under the ultrasonic intensity of 250W, cancel ultrasonic continuation lixiviate 110min; Vat liquor is through filtering with after the pulp residue separates, and 65 ℃ of following vacuum concentration are collected the liquid concentrator vacuum lyophilization and promptly got the longan pulp aqueous extract to little thick.
D301-F anionite-exchange resin earlier through the water logging bubble, removes upper strata suspended particle and impurity, and using weight percentage again is 4.5% NaCl solution soaking 3.5h after washing; Then using weight percentage is 4.5% NaOH solution soaking 3.5h, and washing is to nearly pH neutral, last 52.5 ℃ of dry for standby.
The longan pulp extract is dissolved in the water of 25 times of weight, adds the D301-F anionite-exchange resin of 3.5 times of longan pulp water extract weight, regulator solution pH value is 5.5, and temperature is 50 ℃, and regulating the vibrator rotating speed is 110r/min vibration 2.5h.Separation solution, is collected the liquid concentrator vacuum lyophilization and is promptly got the longan Crude polysaccharides to little thick in 60 ℃ of following vacuum concentration.
The DEAE-52 filler soaks through deionized water, removes upper strata suspended particle and impurity; With 0.45mol/L NaOH solution soaking 35min, washing is to nearly pH neutral; With 0.45mol/L HCl solution soaking 35min, washing is to nearly pH neutral; With 0.45mol/L NaOH solution soaking 35min, washing adopts wet method to be loaded on (effectively column volume is about 120mL) in 2.0 * 40cm medium pressure chromatography post to nearly pH neutral, and adopts deionized water with 0.36mL/min flow velocity balance 1 day.
Get 120mg longan Crude polysaccharides and be dissolved in the 15mL deionized water, the centrifugal 10min of 4500rmp gets the supernatant sample introduction, crosses DEAE-52 cellulose ion-exchange chromatography post; With 0.36mL/min flow velocity wash-out, adopt polysaccharide in the phenol sulfuric acid process monitoring elutriant with deionized water, being positive from reaction begins to collect elutriant to reaction and is negative; The polysaccharide elutriant, is collected the liquid concentrator vacuum lyophilization and is promptly got Powdered neutral longan polysaccharide to little thick at 55 ℃ of following vacuum concentration.
The SephadexG-100 filler soaks through deionized water; Remove upper strata suspended particle and impurity; And with the about 30min of boiling water treating, wet method is loaded in 1.6 * 40cm medium pressure chromatography post (effectively column volume is about 65mL) and adopts deionized water with 0.23mL/min flow velocity balance 1 day.
Get the neutral longan polysaccharide of 13mg and be dissolved in (concentration is 5mg/mL, and effectively column volume and sample introduction liquor capacity ratio are 25: 1) in the 2.6mL deionized water, the centrifugal 10min of 4500rmp gets the supernatant sample introduction; With 0.23mL/min flow velocity wash-out (elution flow rate with effectively the ratio of column volume (L) be 3.5: 1), adopt polysaccharide in the phenol sulfuric acid process monitoring elutriant with de-ionized, being positive from reaction begins to collect elutriant to reaction and is negative; Different polysaccharide fractions elutriants are extremely little thick at 55 ℃ of following vacuum concentration respectively, collect the liquid concentrator vacuum lyophilization and promptly get neutral longan polysaccharide level branch.
Embodiment 3
Select fresh longan raw material, dry, remove peeling and nuclear, pulverize, get longan pulp; In longan pulp, add the water of 40 times of weight, be heated to 70 ℃, place lixiviate 50min under the ultrasonic intensity of 200W, cancel ultrasonic continuation lixiviate 100min; Vat liquor is through filtering with after the pulp residue separates, and 70 ℃ of following vacuum concentration are collected the liquid concentrator vacuum lyophilization and promptly got the longan pulp aqueous extract to little thick.
D301-F anionite-exchange resin earlier through the water logging bubble, removes upper strata suspended particle and impurity, and using weight percentage again is 5% NaCl solution soaking 3h after washing; Then using weight percentage is 5% NaOH solution soaking 3h, and washing is to nearly pH neutral, last 55 ℃ of dry for standby.
The longan pulp extract is dissolved in the water of 30 times of weight, adds the D301-F anionite-exchange resin of 4 times of longan pulp water extracts, regulator solution pH value is 6.0, and temperature is 45 ℃, regulates the vibrator rotating speed and be the 100r/min 2h that vibrates.Separation solution, is collected the liquid concentrator vacuum lyophilization and is promptly got the longan Crude polysaccharides to little thick in 65 ℃ of following vacuum concentration.
The DEAE-52 filler soaks through deionized water, removes upper strata suspended particle and impurity; With 0.50mol/L NaOH solution soaking 30min, washing is to nearly pH neutral; With 0.50mol/L HCl solution soaking 30min, washing is to nearly pH neutral; With 0.50mol/L NaOH solution soaking 30min, washing adopts wet method to be loaded on (effectively column volume is about 30mL) in 1.5 * 20cm medium pressure chromatography post to nearly pH neutral, and adopts deionized water with 0.12mL/min flow velocity balance 1 day.
Get 30mg longan Crude polysaccharides and be dissolved in the 4mL deionized water, the centrifugal 10min of 4500rmp gets the supernatant sample introduction, crosses DEAE-52 cellulose ion-exchange chromatography post; With 0.12mL/min flow velocity wash-out, adopt polysaccharide in the phenol sulfuric acid process monitoring elutriant with deionized water, being positive from reaction begins to collect elutriant to reaction and is negative; The polysaccharide elutriant, is collected the liquid concentrator vacuum lyophilization and is promptly got Powdered neutral longan polysaccharide to little thick at 55 ℃ of following vacuum concentration.
The SephadexG-100 filler soaks through deionized water; Remove upper strata suspended particle and impurity; And with boiling water treating 30min, wet method is loaded in 1.6 * 30cm medium pressure chromatography post (effectively column volume is about 30mL) and adopts deionized water with 0.12mL/min flow velocity balance 1 day.
Get the neutral longan polysaccharide of 2mg and be dissolved in (concentration is 2mg/mL, and effectively column volume and sample introduction liquor capacity ratio are 30: 1) in the 1mL deionized water, the centrifugal 10min of 4500rmp gets the supernatant sample introduction; With 0.12mL/min flow velocity wash-out (elution flow rate with effectively the ratio of column volume (L) be 4: 1), adopt polysaccharide in the phenol sulfuric acid process monitoring elutriant with de-ionized, being positive from reaction begins to collect elutriant to reaction and is negative; Different polysaccharide fractions elutriants are extremely little thick at 55 ℃ of following vacuum concentration respectively, collect the liquid concentrator vacuum lyophilization and promptly get neutral longan polysaccharide level branch.
The foregoing description is a preferred implementation of the present invention; But embodiment of the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; Other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under spirit of the present invention and the principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; All should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included in protection scope of the present invention.