CN105858691B - 沉淀法制备花状氧化镁微球的方法 - Google Patents

沉淀法制备花状氧化镁微球的方法 Download PDF

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CN105858691B
CN105858691B CN201610328226.3A CN201610328226A CN105858691B CN 105858691 B CN105858691 B CN 105858691B CN 201610328226 A CN201610328226 A CN 201610328226A CN 105858691 B CN105858691 B CN 105858691B
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张立春
徐洪琳
吕弋
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Sichuan University
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种简单方便、省时而又温和的实验方法实现了花状氧化镁微球的可控制备:首先六水氯化镁作为镁源和无水碳酸钠在表面活性剂(PEG200)的作用下,得到产物前驱体沉淀,煅烧后得到粒径均一,热稳定性、结晶性、催化性能和热传导性能优异的花状氧化镁微球。该方法巧妙的利用表面活性剂来控制反应产物的形貌,克服了以往氧化镁制备过程中的合成条件苛刻、反应过程复杂、不环保等缺点,具有操作简单、省时间、反应条件温和,重现性好等优点,适合进一步放大、推广。

Description

沉淀法制备花状氧化镁微球的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及花状氧化镁微球的沉淀法制备技术,属于金属氧化物材料制备领域。
背景技术
金属氧化物是指金属元素与氧元素两种元素组成的氧化物,被广泛应用于生活中,此外,金属氧化物也是一种重要的催化剂,作为主催化剂、助催化剂和载体被应用于催化领域。因此,掌握氧化镁的制备方法具有重要的经济效益和现实意义。目前,在已报道的文献中,氧化镁的制备方法有很多,例如:电子束蒸发法、化学气相沉积法、均匀沉淀法、溶胶凝胶法等。虽然以上方法均能制备出不同粒径的氧化镁,但由于其制备工艺复杂,制备条件严苛,甚至容易对环境造成污染,不利于氧化镁的工业化应用。我们仍然需要探索出一种制备方法简单,设备要求低,省时且绿色的制备工艺。
无机微粒表面与聚合物之间的作用力, 除静电作用、范德华力之外, 还能形成氢键或配位键。纳米微粒表面吸附了高分子分子后, 相当于形成了一层保护膜, 对粒子间由于高表面活性引起的缔合力起到减弱或屏蔽作用,阻止粒子间产生絮凝现象;而且由于聚合物的吸附产生空间位阻斥力,也能进一步阻止离子间产生聚合现象(Dance I. G,. ChoyA., Scudder M. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1984, 106, 6285)。我们利用表面活性剂来控制氧化镁的形貌,在非常温和的条件下合成具有花状形貌的氧化镁微球颗粒。
发明内容
本发明的目的在克服已有制备氧化镁技术的缺点,有效利用表面活性剂对无机微粒表面的保护作用,提供一种极其简单、高效的花状氧化镁微球制备方法。该方法包含以下步骤:
(1)三水碳酸镁前驱体溶液的制备。将一定量的MgCl2•6H2O溶解在纯水中,并恒温至30℃,同时将一定量的无水碳酸钠和聚乙二醇(PEG200)溶解在水中,逐滴加入到氯化镁溶液中,磁力搅拌30分钟至均匀混合;
(2)成核和生长过程。将反应好的溶液及产生的沉淀物在室温下静置30分钟。
(3)纯化过程。将沉淀抽滤,并用纯水洗涤3次,收集得到白色的疏松的产物三水碳酸镁。
(4)干燥、煅烧过程。将所得的前驱体在70℃烘箱中干燥24小时,取出后移入马弗炉在一定温度下煅烧3小时,即得到花状氧化镁微球。
本发明的合成方法特征是:
a 反应原料的廉价、易得性。溶剂:纯水。镁氧源:金属盐类(MgCl2•6H2O,无水碳酸钠)。表面活性剂:有机分子聚合物(聚乙二醇200)
b 反应温和性:巧妙利用表面活性剂对氧化镁的分散效果,从而有效地控制晶粒的生长和防止粒子团聚,反应在常温常压下即可顺利完成。
c 反应的环保性:本合成方法中不涉及任何对环境产生污染的环节和产物,是一种绿色且廉价的合成方法,这在工业化应用上具有重大的现实意义。
d 材料的实用性:本方法制得的MgO粒径范围在10~20 μm之间,分散性良好,重现性好,具有花瓣样的层状二级结构,具有优异的热稳定性和催化性能,比表面积达184.27m2/g,在一定实验条件下,能高效地催化多种易挥发有机物的氧化反应。
附图说明
图1.为本发明制备的典型的MgO的SEM图;
图2.为本发明制备的典型的MgO的HRTEM图;
图3.为本发明制备的典型的MgO的XRD图;
图4.为本发明制备的典型的MgO的BET图。
具体实施方式
下面通过实例阐述本发明所述花状MgO微球材料的制备方法。本实例在以本发明为方案前提下进行实施,给出了详细具体的操作过程:
1) 分别称取5.0825 g的MgCl2•6H2O溶于50 mL纯水的烧杯中,磁力搅拌混合均匀并恒温至30℃,称取5.2995 g的Na2CO3和0.1 g的PEG200溶于另一个50 mL纯水的烧杯中,磁力搅拌混合均匀;
2) 将后者逐滴加入恒温氯化镁溶液中,均匀搅拌30 min后静置30 min。得到上清液澄清,底部有白色沉淀的混合物;
3) 将得到的产物用纯水洗涤并抽滤3次,再转移到烘箱内以70℃的温度干燥24小时;
4) 将干燥后的产物转移到马弗炉中,以550℃煅烧3小时,所得产物即为花状MgO微球;
5) 将产物收集用于XRD,SEM,TEM,HRTEM等材料表征分析。

Claims (2)

1.一种沉淀法制备花状氧化镁微球的方法,其特征在于,该方法具体实施方式如下:(1)分别称取5.0825 g的MgCl2•6H2O溶于装有50 mL纯水的烧杯中,磁力搅拌混合均匀并恒温至30℃,称取5.2995 g的Na2CO3和0.1 g的PEG200溶于另一个装有50 mL纯水的烧杯中,磁力搅拌混合均匀;(2)将后者逐滴加入恒温氯化镁溶液中,均匀搅拌30 min后静置30 min,得到上清液澄清,底部有白色沉淀的混合物;(3)将得到的产物用纯水洗涤并抽滤3次,再转移到烘箱内以70℃的温度干燥24小时;(4)将干燥后的产物转移到马弗炉中,以550℃煅烧3小时,所得产物即为花状MgO微球。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法得到的花状MgO微球,粒径范围10~20 μm,具有优异的热稳定性、结晶性、催化性能。
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