CN105855548A - Powder distribution device and additive manufacturing device - Google Patents
Powder distribution device and additive manufacturing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105855548A CN105855548A CN201610408732.3A CN201610408732A CN105855548A CN 105855548 A CN105855548 A CN 105855548A CN 201610408732 A CN201610408732 A CN 201610408732A CN 105855548 A CN105855548 A CN 105855548A
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- Prior art keywords
- powder
- scraper
- dusty material
- platform
- distribution means
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 167
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title abstract 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 157
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008450 motivation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;titanium Chemical compound [AlH3].[Ti] UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/60—Planarisation devices; Compression devices
- B22F12/67—Blades
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/30—Platforms or substrates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
- B22F12/52—Hoppers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/32—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/70—Recycling
- B22F10/73—Recycling of powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/22—Driving means
- B22F12/222—Driving means for motion along a direction orthogonal to the plane of a layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/22—Driving means
- B22F12/224—Driving means for motion along a direction within the plane of a layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
- B22F12/55—Two or more means for feeding material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Road Paving Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field related to additive manufacturing and discloses a powder distribution device and an additive manufacturing device. The powder distribution device comprises a powder spreading platform and hoppers arranged above two sides of the powder spreading platform, powder materials are placed in the hoppers, powder-material placing locations are arranged on the two sides of the powder spreading platform, the powder materials are transferred to the powder-material placing locations through the hoppers, scrapers vertically arranged above the powder spreading platform are allowed to move along the horizontal direction as well as the vertical direction, and the scrapers are respectively located on one sides of the powder-material placing locations when moving along the vertical direction. The powder distribution device is provided with the scrapers allowed to move along the horizontal direction as well as the vertical direction, two-way powder scraping is realized, thickness of powder layers is evener as compared with the existing one-way powder scraping, and powder spreading efficiency is improved. Further more, the scrapers are vertically arranged, so that two-way powder scraping can be better realized, and waste of the powder materials is avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to increase material and manufacture correlative technology field, particularly relate to a kind of powder distribution means and increase material system
Manufacturing apparatus.
Background technology
Increasing material manufacture (3D printing) is that a kind of material by more than one thin layer of fusion continuously builds three-dimensional
The manufacturing technology of object.It is the one increasing material manufacturing technology route that powder bed increases material manufacture, its basic technique
Step is as follows: threedimensional model stores in a computer, and is layered by model, obtains the cross section of each layer
Data.Powder model system (device) by dusty material at work platforms upper berth generated thin layer, high-energy-density
Beam (laser or electron beam) is a cross section of scanning three-dimensional model on powder bed；Afterwards, work is flat
Platform declines the distance of a layer thickness, and at the new powder in one layer of work platforms upper berth, ray scanning is three-dimensional
The next cross section of model；Repeat above step, until this three-dimensional body manufacture completes.
Increasing manufacture device at present is the laying that the scraper by being obliquely installed realizes to dusty material, generally adopts
Carrying out spreading powder by the unidirectional mode scraping powder, its process is: powder scraped to the right by scraper, and scraper lifts and returns to the left afterwards
Returning, then scraper falls the powder of scraping carried out next time, and this mode also exists following hidden danger: the thickness of powder bed
Spend uneven, always side thick, one layer thin.After multilamellar scrapes powder, this uneven continuous accumulation, may lead
Cause powder bed surface and present the slope shape that side is high, side is low.Unidirectional when scraping powder, the return movement of scraper is also made
Become waste of time, reduce efficiency.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of powder distribution means, use and two-way scrape powder mode, existing to solve
Problem in uneven thickness with the presence of the unidirectional powder bed scraping powder.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of material that increases to manufacture device, including above-mentioned powder distribution means,
To improve powder laying efficiency.
For reaching this purpose, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of powder distribution means, including paving powder platform, is arranged at above paving powder platform both sides and is placed with powder
The hopper of material, described paving powder platform both sides are provided with dusty material lay down location, and described hopper is to described powder material
Material lay down location conveying dusty material, described paving powder platform is arranged over scraper, and described scraper is vertically arranged and can
In the horizontal direction and vertical direction moves, described scraper vertically upper mobile time, it is positioned at described powder
The side of powder material lay down location.
As preferably, connecting and have flat board below described hopper, one end of described flat board connects vibrator, institute
Stating vibrator and be connected to controller, the dusty material in described hopper is placed on flat board.
As preferably, described vibrator is ultrasonic vibrator.
As preferably, described scraper connects vertical travel mechanism, and is driven edge by described vertical travel mechanism
Vertical direction moves.
As preferably, described vertical travel mechanism connects horizontal mobile mechanism, described scraper and described perpendicular
Straight travel mechanism is driven by described horizontal mobile mechanism and moves in the horizontal direction.
For reaching another object, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of material that increases manufactures device, including above-mentioned powder distribution means.
As preferably, also include:
Working chamber, described powder distribution means is positioned at working chamber；
Formation cylinder, on the paving powder platform being installed on described powder distribution means of sealing, and its cylinder upper end face
Concordant with paving powder platform.
As preferably, in described working chamber, it is provided with detection device, described paving powder platform offers and is positioned at shaping
Some through holes of the both sides of cylinder, when dusty material laid by scraper, amount of powder material falls into through hole, described inspection
The amount surveying the device dusty material to falling in through hole detects.
As preferably, described detection device includes that one end is communicated in the pipeline of described through hole, be positioned at pipeline another
The recycling box of end, and it is positioned at the LOAD CELLS below described recycling box.
As preferably, described detection device includes that one end is communicated in the pipeline of described through hole, be positioned at pipeline another
The recycling box of end, and the proximity switch being positioned on pipeline.
The powder distribution means of the present invention arranges and can carry out in the horizontal direction and the scraper that moves of vertical direction
During paving powder, scraper first below the hopper of side by the dusty material paving powder platform to the hopper side of opposite side
To laying, after the dusty material lay down location arriving this side, scraper vertically lifts, with the former shifting of tailing edge
Move a segment distance in dynamic direction, more vertically fall, and returns to spread height during powder, now opposite side
Hopper conveying dusty material is to the dusty material lay down location of this side, and dusty material reversely laid by scraper.Achieve
Two-way scrape powder, unidirectional scrape powder relative to existing so that the thickness of powder bed is more uniform, and improves paving
Powder efficiency.And scraper is in being vertically arranged, it is possible to preferably realize two-way powder of scraping, and powder material will not be wasted
Material.
The increasing material of the present invention manufactures device, and it includes above-mentioned powder distribution means, it is possible to increase powder lays effect
Rate.And by arranging detection device, it is possible to the amount of the dusty material every time laid is detected, Jin Erke
It is adjusted with the conveying capacity to dusty material next time.When detected value is less than certain interval limit value, next
The time of vibration of flat board is increased, to increase the conveying capacity of dusty material during the conveying of secondary dusty material；When higher than certain
During interval higher limit, reduce the time of vibration of flat board during powder conveying next time, to reduce powder conveying capacity.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the powder distribution means of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 2 is that the material that increases of the embodiment of the present invention one manufactures the structural representation of device；
Fig. 3-7 is view during the carrying out paving powder increasing material manufacture device of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 8 is that the material that increases of the embodiment of the present invention two manufactures the structural representation of device；
Fig. 9 is that the material that increases of the embodiment of the present invention three manufactures the structural representation of device.
In figure:
1, working chamber；2, formation cylinder；3, detection device；4, ray generating device；11, paving powder is put down
Platform；12, hopper；13, scraper；14, flat board；15, vibrator；111, through hole；21, cylinder body；
22, piston；31, pipeline；32, recycling box；33, LOAD CELLS；33a, proximity switch.
Detailed description of the invention
Further illustrate technical scheme below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and by detailed description of the invention.
Embodiment one:
The present embodiment provides a kind of powder distribution means, as it is shown in figure 1, include spreading powder platform 11, hopper
12, scraper 13, flat board 14 and vibrator 15, wherein:
The carrier that paving powder platform 11 is laid as powder, it is in being horizontally disposed with, in paving position, powder platform 11 both sides
Install dusty material lay down location (not shown), for placing dusty material to be laid.
Hopper 12 is arranged at the top of paving powder platform 11 both sides, is placed with dusty material, hopper 12 times in it
Side's opening is arranged, with the conveying of dusty material in the inner.In the present embodiment, it is preferred that above-mentioned two material
Bucket 12 is symmetrical arranged.
Be connected with flat board 14 in the lower section of hopper 12, one end of flat board 14 connects vibrator 15, vibrator
15 are connected to controller (not shown), and flat board 14 can vibrate under vibrator 15 drives, and makes powder
Material flows out from hopper 12, is placed on flat board 14, and along with the vibration of flat board 14, powder thereon
Material can leave flat board 14, drops at the dusty material lay down location of paving powder platform 11.
In the present embodiment, the conveying capacity of above-mentioned dusty material is to be adjusted by the time of vibration of control flat board 14
, when usual flat board 14 vibrates, in the unit interval, the amount of powder of conveying is certain, and therefore, flat board 14 shakes
The dynamic time is the longest, and the amount of the dusty material of conveying is the biggest；Otherwise, the amount of the dusty material of conveying is the least.
Above-mentioned vibrator 15 can be ultrasonic vibrator, realizes shaking of flat board 14 by ultrasonic activation
Dynamic, the conveying capacity of the dusty material on control flat board 14 the most accurately.Can also be other vibratory equipments,
Such as vibrating motor etc..
Scraper 13 is arranged at the top of paving powder platform 11, for the dusty material lay down location to paving powder platform 11
The laying of dusty material, above-mentioned scraper 13 is vertically arranged, and it includes some overlapping and in comb shape
Foil, above-mentioned foil is vertically arranged.Foil is set to comb structure, thereon
Comb can bear certain deformation, is conducive to the laying to dusty material.
Above-mentioned scraper 13 can be in the horizontal direction and vertical direction moves concrete, the vertical shifting of scraper 13
Dynamic by the (not shown) realization of vertical travel mechanism, above-mentioned vertical travel mechanism is connected to control
Device and be prior art, as long as being capable of driving scraper 13 to move up and down.Such as, this vertically moves
Mechanism can include vertical rail (not shown), and sliding in vertical rail (not shown) sets
Being equipped with slide block (not shown), scraper 13 is installed on slide block, and slide block lower end is to paving powder platform 11
Between distance more than scraper 13 lower end to paving powder platform 11 between distance, this slide block connection have ultrasonic electric
Connection sliding block fixed by the outfan of machine (not shown), i.e. ultrasound electric machine, and slide block can be driven along vertically
Slide, passes through said structure, it is possible to realize scraper 13 movement vertically.
Moving horizontally of scraper 13, is realized by horizontal mobile mechanism (not shown), specifically
, above-mentioned vertical travel mechanism connect have horizontal mobile mechanism, scraper 13 and described vertical travel mechanism by
Horizontal mobile mechanism drives and moves in the horizontal direction.Same, above-mentioned horizontal mobile mechanism is also connected to control
Device and be prior art, as long as disclosure satisfy that drive scraper 13 and described vertical travel mechanism in the horizontal direction
Mobile.Such as can pass through driven by motor chain, belt or Rack and pinion mechanism, then by chain
Bar, belt or Rack and pinion mechanism drive vertical travel mechanism and scraper thereon 13 to move horizontally.
The above-mentioned powder distribution means of the present embodiment in use, starts to lay with the leftward position shown in Fig. 1
As a example by, first pass through vibrator 15 and drive flat board 14 to vibrate, and then make the powder in the hopper 12 in left side
Material falls at the dusty material lay down location of paving powder platform 11 via flat board 14, is spread by scraper 13 subsequently
Powder, the dusty material in left side is laid under the drive of horizontal mobile mechanism by scraper 13 to the right, when scraper 13
When being moved horizontally to the dusty material lay down location on right side, scraper 13 is upwards lifted under the drive of vertical travel mechanism
Playing certain distance, the most remaining dusty material is placed on the dusty material lay down location on right side, subsequently by level
Travel mechanism drives scraper 13 to continue the segment distance that moves right, and scraper 13 declines afterwards, and returns to spread powder
Time height, now the hopper 12 on right side carries dusty material to the dusty material lay down location of this side, scraper 13
Reversely lay dusty material, complete two-way to scrape powder process, relative to existing unidirectional powder of scraping, the present embodiment
Above-mentioned powder distribution means makes the thickness of powder bed more uniformly, and improves paving powder efficiency.And scraper
13 in being vertically arranged, it is possible to preferably realizes two-way powder of scraping, and will not waste dusty material.
The present embodiment also provides for a kind of material that increases and manufactures device, includes as in figure 2 it is shown, this increasing material manufactures device
The powder distribution means stated, also includes that working chamber 1, above-mentioned powder distribution means are positioned at working chamber 1, above-mentioned
Working chamber is vacuum chamber, also includes the vacuum system of the compositions such as sliding vane rotary pump, molecular pump, vacuometer, can take away
Air in vacuum chamber, it is thus achieved that vacuum environment.
Formation cylinder 2 it is provided with, the paving powder being installed on powder distribution means that this formation cylinder 2 seals in working chamber 1
On platform 11, this concrete formation cylinder 2 includes cylinder body 21 and is located at the work that cylinder body 21 is interior and moves up and down
Plug 22, what wherein the upper surface of cylinder body 21 was concordant and airtight with paving powder platform 11 is connected to spread powder platform 11,
Above-mentioned two hopper 12 is symmetrically set in the both sides of cylinder body 21, and scraper 13 is by the powder material on paving powder platform 11
Material is laid in the top of piston 22, is specifically paved with the space that piston 22 top is formed with cylinder body 21, and makes
Dusty material forms powder thin layer.In the present embodiment, scraper 13 is across whole cylinder body 21, to ensure to be laid on
Dusty material on piston 22 can form required powder thin layer.
Being provided with ray generating device 4 at the top of working chamber 1, this ray generating device 4 is positioned at formation cylinder 3
Top, and produce the ray of fusing dusty material, the powder thin layer laid is scanned, melts.
In the present embodiment, the ray that ray generating device 4 produces can be electron beam, now in working chamber 1
Portion is vacuum state, and the accelerating potential of electron beam is 60kV, power maximum 3kW.Working chamber 1 is by above-mentioned
Vacuum system maintains the pressure of 0.001-1Pa.Dusty material can be simple metal or metal alloy, as titanium closes
Gold, titanium, aluminium alloy, aluminum, titanium-aluminium alloy, 36L rustless steel, Co-Cr alloy etc., powder diameter scope
10-150 micron.Electron beam can also be changed into laser beam, the vacuum environment in working chamber 1 is replaced with
Inert gas shielding environment, dusty material is not limited to metal, can be that nylon, macromolecular material etc. are nonmetal
Material.
It is illustrated by illustrating to the powder dispensing process of the above-mentioned increasing material manufacture device of the present embodiment below:
First, as it is shown on figure 3, scraper 13 rests on the left side of formation cylinder 2, under the hopper 12 in left side
Flat board 14 vibrates under the driving of vibrator 14, and the dusty material on flat board 14 is transported to spread powder platform 11
On dusty material lay down location, fall on the right side of scraper 13, now formation cylinder 2 piston 22 decline be equal to
The distance of one thickness.
The most as shown in Figure 4, scraper 13 is moved right by horizontal mobile mechanism so that dusty material is paved with
The space that piston 22 top is formed with cylinder body 21, and make dusty material form powder thin layer.Scraper 13 moves
After at placement material on the right side of formation cylinder 2, on the right side of scraper 13, typically also have remaining dusty material, as
In Fig. 4 shown in solid arrow track, scraper 13 vertically lifts, and moves right a segment distance, then edge
Vertical direction falls, and returns to spread height during powder, as shown by the arrows in Figure 4.Now, residual powder is being scraped
The left side of cutter 13.So far complete the distribution of one layer of dusty material, and carry out powder by ray generating device 4
The fusing of material.
As it is shown in figure 5, now subsequently, last layer dusty material is melted by ray, the hopper on right side 12 times
The flat board 14 of side vibrates under the driving of vibrator 15, and the dusty material on flat board 14 is transported to spread powder and puts down
Dusty material lay down location on platform 11, falls in the left side of scraper 13, and now the piston 22 of formation cylinder 2 is again
Decline the distance of a thickness.
The most as shown in Figure 6, scraper 13 passes through horizontal mobile mechanism to left movement so that dusty material is paved with
The space that piston 22 top is formed with cylinder body 21, and make dusty material form powder thin layer.Scraper 13 moves
After at placement material on the left of formation cylinder 2, on the left of scraper 13, typically also have remaining dusty material, as
In Fig. 6 shown in solid arrow track, scraper 13 vertically lifts, to left movement one segment distance, then edge
Vertical direction falls, and returns to spread height during powder, as shown by the arrows in Figure 6.Now, residual powder is being scraped
The right side of cutter 13.So far complete the distribution of second layer dusty material, and carry out powder by ray generating device 4
The fusing of powder material.
As it is shown in fig. 7, now afterwards, second layer dusty material is melted by ray, the hopper in left side 12 times
Flat board 14 vibrate under the driving of vibrator 14, the dusty material on flat board 14 be transported to spread powder platform
Dusty material lay down location on 11, falls on the right side of scraper 13, now 22 times degradations of the piston of formation cylinder 2
In the distance of a thickness, the above-mentioned powder dispensing process of reciprocation cycle subsequently, terminates until increasing material manufacture, shape
Become final 3D solid.
In the present embodiment, in the assigning process of above-mentioned one layer of dusty material, scraper 13 only scrapes powder once
Complete the laying of a powder thin layer.But it is understood that, the present embodiment one layer of dusty material point
During joining, scraper 13 can also repeatedly be scraped powder and complete the laying of a powder thin layer, to strengthen paving powder effect
Really.
Embodiment two:
The present embodiment is additionally arranged detection device 3 on the basis of the increasing material of embodiment one manufactures device, specifically
, as shown in Figure 8, this detection device 3 is arranged in working chamber 1, and is symmetrically set in the two of formation cylinder 2
Side.In the present embodiment, paving powder platform 11 offers it is positioned at some through holes of formation cylinder 2 both sides
111, when dusty material laid by scraper 13, amount of powder material can fall into through hole 111, and detection device 3 is the most right
The amount falling into the dusty material in through hole 111 detects, and according to the result detected to carrying next time
The amount of dusty material be adjusted, to avoid the waste of dusty material.
Concrete, above-mentioned detection device 3 includes that one end is communicated in the pipeline 31 of through hole 111, is positioned at pipeline 31
The recycling box 32 of the other end, and it is positioned at below recycling box 32 and is connected to the LOAD CELLS of controller
33.By recycling box 32, the dusty material fallen in through hole 111 is recycled, pass through weighing and sensing
The weight falling into the dusty material in recycling box 32 when device 33 is to paving powder every time detects.The present embodiment
In, above-mentioned pipeline 31 is obliquely installed, in order to falls into the dusty material in through hole 111 and falls into recovery smoothly
In box 32.
The detection process of the above-mentioned detection device 3 of the present embodiment is as follows:
When once scraping powder, as a example by scraping powder from left to right, it is left that scraper 13 sequentially passes through formation cylinder 2
Side, the through hole 111 on right side, amount of powder material can be fallen into through hole 111, and enter recovery through piping 31
Box 32, LOAD CELLS 33 can measure the powder increments △ m in the recycling box 32 in left sideLAnd it is right
Powder increments △ m in the recycling box 32 of sideR.With paving powder during after fall into through hole 111 powder increase
Amount is main (i.e. with powder increments △ mRIt is main), by △ mREnter with higher limit and the lower limit of pre-set interval
Row compares, as △ mRDuring less than the lower limit of pre-set interval, during dusty material conveying next time, flat board 14 vibrates
Time should increase, to increase the conveying capacity of dusty material；As △ mRHigher limit higher than pre-set interval
Time, during dusty material conveying next time, the time of flat board 14 vibration should reduce, to reduce the defeated of dusty material
The amount of sending.It should be noted that the above-mentioned △ m of the present embodimentLCan also serve as the inspection of the amount of dusty material
Survey, its principle with by △ mRThe principle carrying out detecting is consistent, repeats no more.Accordingly, it is possible to understand that
It is that the present embodiment can also comprehensive △ mLAnd △ mRJointly the amount of dusty material is detected, so that
Testing result is more accurate.
Embodiment three:
The present embodiment is that from the difference of embodiment two structure detecting device 3 is different, concrete, can refer to
Fig. 9, the detection device 3 of the present embodiment includes that one end is communicated in the pipeline 31 of through hole 111, is positioned at pipeline 31
The recycling box 32 of the other end, and the proximity switch 33a being positioned on pipeline 31.The present embodiment is by close to opening
Closing the detection that 33a carries out the amount of dusty material, concrete, dusty material, when piping 31, can block and connect
Closely switching 33a, proximity switch 33a and can produce pulse signal, the amount falling into the dusty material in through hole 111 is got over
Greatly, the time flowing through pipeline 31 is the longest, and the time blocking proximity switch 33a is the most long, and the width of pulse is the most just
The biggest.
The detection process of the above-mentioned detection device 3 of the present embodiment is as follows:
When once scraping powder, as a example by scraping powder from left to right, it is left that scraper 13 sequentially passes through formation cylinder 2
Side, the through hole 111 on right side, amount of powder material can be fallen into through hole 111, and enter recovery through piping 31
Box 32.Now, the dusty material respectively through left and right sides pipeline 31 can make left side, the proximity switch on right side
It is W that 33a produces the width of pulse signal respectivelyLAnd WR.The powder of through hole 111 is fallen into after during paving powder
Material makes the width of the pulse signal that proximity switch 33a produces be main (i.e. with WRIt is main), by WRWith default
Higher limit and the lower limit of signal spacing compare, and work as WRDuring less than the lower limit that preset signals is interval,
During dusty material conveying next time, the time of flat board 14 vibration should increase, to increase the conveying of dusty material
Amount；Work as WRDuring higher than the higher limit that preset signals is interval, flat board 14 vibration during dusty material conveying next time
Time should reduce, to reduce the conveying capacity of dusty material.It should be noted that the above-mentioned W of the present embodimentL
Can also serve as the detection of the amount of dusty material, its principle with pass through WRThe principle carrying out detecting is consistent, no
Repeat again.Accordingly, it is to be understood that the present embodiment can also comprehensive WRAnd WLCommon to powder material
The amount of material detects, so that testing result is more accurate.
In the present embodiment, it is also possible to replace connecing by the structure of many group light generating devices and light intensity induction installation
Closely switching 33a, concrete, light generating device and light intensity induction installation are arranged on pipeline 31, from through hole
111 dusty materials fallen into can drop between light generating device and light intensity induction installation, when not having powder material
Material is through out-of-date, and the light intensity that light intensity induction installation records is constant, when having dusty material through out-of-date, and light
Can partly or entirely be blocked, light intensity induction installation records light intensity and is varied from, and can form a pulse letter
Number, and pulse signal is sent to controller noted above, controller process.Owing to above-mentioned light intensity senses
Device is set to multiple, therefore can send multiple pulse signals to controller, and now controller can take above-mentioned many
The meansigma methods of individual pulse signal or be most worth the basis for estimation as powder surplus, i.e. controller can be according to above-mentioned
Meansigma methods or value calculate the size of powder surplus, when powder surplus is very few or be zero, powder material are described
Material is very possible not, be not enough to be completely covered the space above formation cylinder 2, dusty material conveying next time
Time flat board 14 vibration time should increase, to increase the conveying capacity of dusty material；When powder surplus is too much,
Illustrating that powder material conveying capacity is excessive, during dusty material conveying next time, the time of flat board 14 vibration should reduce,
To reduce the conveying capacity of dusty material.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention is only used to understand explanation example of the present invention, and also
Non-is the restriction to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, above-mentioned
Can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of explanation.Here without also cannot be to all
Embodiment give exhaustive.All made within the spirit and principles in the present invention any amendment, equivalent replace
Change and improvement etc., within should be included in the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a powder distribution means, it is characterised in that include spreading powder platform (11), is arranged at paving powder and puts down
Above platform (11) both sides and be placed with the hopper (12) of dusty material, described paving powder platform (11) both sides set
Having dusty material lay down location, described hopper (12) carries dusty material, institute to described dusty material lay down location
Stating paving powder platform (11) and be arranged over scraper (13), described scraper (13) is vertically arranged and can be along level
Direction and vertical direction move, and when described scraper (13) vertically above moves, it is positioned at described powder
The side of powder material lay down location.
Powder distribution means the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that under described hopper (12)
Side connects flat board (14), and one end of described flat board (14) connects vibrator (15), described vibration
Device (15) is connected to controller, and the dusty material in described hopper (12) is placed on flat board (14).
Powder distribution means the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described vibrator (15)
For ultrasonic vibrator.
Powder distribution means the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described scraper (13) is even
It is connected to vertical travel mechanism, and is vertically moved by the driving of described vertical travel mechanism.
Powder distribution means the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described vertical moving machine
Structure connects has horizontal mobile mechanism, described scraper (13) and described vertical travel mechanism to be moved by described level
Motivation structure drives and moves in the horizontal direction.
6. one kind increases material manufacture device, it is characterised in that include the powder as described in claim 1-5 is arbitrary
End distributor.
Increasing material the most according to claim 6 manufactures device, it is characterised in that also include:
Working chamber (1), described powder distribution means is positioned at working chamber (1)；
Formation cylinder (2), on paving powder platform (11) being installed on described powder distribution means of sealing, and its
Cylinder upper end face is concordant with paving powder platform (11).
Increasing material the most according to claim 7 manufactures device, it is characterised in that described working chamber (1)
Inside it is provided with detection device (3), described paving powder platform (11) offers and is positioned at formation cylinder (2) both sides
Some through holes (111), when dusty material laid by scraper (13), amount of powder material falls into through hole (111),
The amount of the described detection device (3) dusty material to falling in through hole (111) detects.
Increasing material the most according to claim 8 manufactures device, it is characterised in that described detection device (3)
It is communicated in the pipeline (31) of described through hole (111) including one end, is positioned at the recovery of pipeline (31) other end
Box (32), and it is positioned at the LOAD CELLS (33) of described recycling box (32) lower section.
Increasing material the most according to claim 8 manufactures device, it is characterised in that described detection device
(3) include that one end is communicated in the pipeline (31) of described through hole (111), be positioned at pipeline (31) other end
Recycling box (32), and the proximity switch (33a) being positioned on pipeline (31).
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| CN201610408732.3A CN105855548A (en) | 2016-06-08 | 2016-06-08 | Powder distribution device and additive manufacturing device |
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