CN105853562A - 一种用于治疗哮喘的中药制剂及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于治疗哮喘的中药制剂及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105853562A CN105853562A CN201610411675.4A CN201610411675A CN105853562A CN 105853562 A CN105853562 A CN 105853562A CN 201610411675 A CN201610411675 A CN 201610411675A CN 105853562 A CN105853562 A CN 105853562A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于治疗哮喘的中药制剂及制备方法,属中药领域;本发明中药制剂有效成分的原料组成为:草石蚕、代赭石、豆瓣绿、花楸、蜂窝草、花脸细辛、椒目、柠檬、木槿子、芥子、土丁桂、望江南、夜关门、铁筷子、白果和百灵草;本发明中药制剂所选药材配伍相宜,符合中医药和现代医药理论,具有清热解毒,止咳平喘,肃肺清肝、敛肺定喘之功效,使用方便,吸收效果好,无不良及毒副作用,经临床验证,对治疗哮喘有极好的缓解及治疗效果,适于哮喘的临床治疗与护理推广应用。
Description
所属技术领域
本发明涉及中药领域,尤其涉及一种用于治疗哮喘的中药制剂及制备方法。
背景技术
哮喘即支气管哮喘,是由多种细胞(如嗜酸性粒细胞、肥大细胞、T淋巴细胞、中性粒细胞、气道上皮细胞等)和细胞组分参与气道慢性炎症性疾患。
典型的哮喘出现反复发作的胸闷、气喘、及呼吸困难、咳嗽等症状。在发作前常有鼻塞、打喷嚏、眼痒等先兆症状,发作严重者可短时间内出现严重呼吸困难、低氧血症。有时咳嗽为惟一症状(咳嗽变异型哮喘)。在夜间或凌晨发作和加重是哮喘的特征之一。哮喘症状可在数分钟内发作。有些症状轻重可自行缓解,但大部分需积极处理。
引发哮喘的因素有很多,如遗传因素、变应原、促发因素等,目前认为哮喘是一种有明显家族聚集倾向的多基因遗传性疾病,它的发生既受遗传因素又受环境因素的影响。
发作时出现两肺散在、弥漫分布的呼气相哮鸣音,呼气相延长,有时吸气、呼气相均有干啰音。严重发作时可出现呼吸音低下,哮鸣音消失,临床上称为“静止肺”,预示着病情危重,随时会出现呼吸骤停。
根据临床表现可分为急性发作期、慢性持续期和临床缓解期。慢性持续期是指不同频度和(或)不同程度地出现症状(喘息、气急、胸闷、咳嗽等);临床缓解期是指经过治疗或未经治疗,症状、体征消失;肺功能恢复到急性发作前水平,并持续3个月以上。
目前,对于哮喘病,患者应该积极进行治疗,争取完全控制症状,保护和维持尽可能正常的肺功能。避免或减少药物的不良反应,关键是合理的治疗方案和坚持长期治疗。而药物治疗使哮喘患者不可或缺的,一般使用抗炎药物,如糖皮质激素、白三烯调节剂、色甘酸钠和尼多酸钠等等,这类药物治疗效果虽然良好,但副作用强,易刺激患者肠胃,影响患者的其它器官的功能。因此用于治疗哮喘的药物必须安全、有效、无毒副作用,而中药学作为我国的传统医学,具有作用强、见效快、药效持久等优点,且没有依赖性、耐药性以及毒副作用,因此选择一种中药制剂用于治疗哮喘,对于治疗哮喘具有十分重要的临床意义。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种用于治疗哮喘的中药制剂及制备方法,所选药材配伍相宜,符合中医药和现代医药理论,具有清热解毒,止咳平喘,肃肺清肝、敛肺定喘之功效,使用方便,吸收效果好,无不良及毒副作用,经临床验证,对治疗哮喘有极好的缓解及治疗效果,适于哮喘的临床治疗与护理推广应用。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案实施如下:
一种用于治疗哮喘的中药制剂,制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
一种用于治疗哮喘的中药制剂的制备方法,包括以下工艺步骤:
(1)将草石蚕、豆瓣绿、花楸、花脸细辛、木槿子、芥子、夜关门和铁筷子去除杂质,洗净,放入容器中,加5倍量蒸馏水,煎煮3小时,提取煎煮液;再加入3~4倍量蒸馏水,煎煮2小时,提取煎煮液,最后合并2次提取的煎煮液,过滤,得滤液,浓缩成60℃下相对密度为1.10~1.13的稠膏,备用;
(2)将代赭石洗净,砸碎,放入坩埚内,在无烟的炉火上煅红透,取出,立即倾入醋盆中淬酥,后捣碎,再煅淬一次,取出,日晒晒干,研末,过90目细粉,备用;
(3)将椒目和白果的种子洗净,蒸20分钟,取出微波烘干,研末,过100目细粉,备用;
(4)将蜂窝草、柠檬、土丁桂、望江南和百灵草去除杂质,洗净,放入容器内,用黄酒溶液浸泡1小时,后放置于容器内绞汁,过滤,得滤液,浓缩成60℃下相对密度为1.10~1.13的稠膏,备用;
(5)将步骤(1)、步骤(4)所得的稠膏与步骤(2)、步骤(3)所得的细粉制成片剂,即为本发明所述的用于治疗哮喘的中药制剂。
本发明所用中药的药性如下:
草石蚕:味甘、淡,性凉。祛风除湿,清热解毒。用于风湿痹痛,湿热黄疸,咳嗽哮喘,肺痈乳痈,牙龈肿痛,白喉淋病,带下蛇伤。《岭南采药录》载:“根:煅灰,沸水冲服。治哮喘,气痛,肚痛;为末治蛇疮。”
代赭石:味甘、苦,性平;归肝、胃、心经。平肝潜阳,重镇降逆,凉血止血。用于头痛眩晕,心悸癫狂,惊痫呕吐,噫气呃逆,噎膈咳嗽,气喘吐血,鼻衄崩漏,便血尿血。《长沙药解》载:“驱浊下冲,降摄肺胃之逆气,除哕噫而泄郁烦,止反胃呕吐,疗惊悸哮喘。”
豆瓣绿:味微苦,性温;归肺、肝、脾经。舒筋活血,祛风除湿,化痰止咳。用于疮疖肿毒,咽喉炎,口腔炎,痢疾水泻,宿食不消,小儿疳积,劳伤咳嗽,哮喘,百日咳。《贵州草药》载:“止咳,健脾。”
花楸:味甘、苦,性寒;归肺、肾经。清肺止咳,健胃补虚。用于胃炎,维生素甲、丙缺乏症,肺结核,哮喘,咳嗽。《东北常用中草药手册》载:“利肺止咳,补脾生津。治肺结核,哮喘咳嗽,胃炎,胃痛,维生素A、C缺乏症。”
蜂窝草:味苦、辛,性温;归心、肝、胃、大肠、膀胱经。疏风散寒,化痰止咳。同于感冒头痛,牙痛咳嗽,咽喉炎,百日咳,支气管哮喘。《文山中草药》载:“解表止咳,明目通经。治感冒,头痛,身窟,支气管哮喘,闭经,消化不良,夜盲症。”
花脸细辛:味辛,性温,有小毒;归肺、脾经。散寒祛风,消肿解毒,化瘀止痛。用于风寒感冒,痰饮喘咳,脑疽瘰疬,牙痛头痛,风湿痹痛,犬咬伤。《常用中草药手册》载:“温经散寒,止咳定喘。治慢性支气管炎,哮喘,风湿痛,四肢麻木。”
椒目:味辛、苦,性寒;归脾、膀胱经。利水消肿,祛痰平喘。用于水肿胀满,哮喘。《本草蒙筌》载:“定痰喘。”
柠檬:味酸、甘,性平;归肺、胃经。化痰止咳,生津健胃,行气止痛。用于支气管炎,百日咳,食欲不振,疝气痛,睾丸炎,咳嗽,支气管哮喘。《岭南随笔》载:“治哕。”
木槿子:味甘,性寒;归肺、心、肝经。清肺化痰,止头痛,解毒。用于痰喘咳嗽,支气管炎,偏正头痛,黄水疮,湿疹。《饮片新参》载:“清肺化痰,治肺风痰喘,咳嗽音瘠。”
芥子:味辛,性温;归肺经。温肺豁痰利气,散结通络止痛。用于寒痰喘咳,胸胁胀痛,痰滞经络,关节麻木、疼痛,痰湿流注,阴疽肿毒。《纲目》载:“温中散寒,豁痰利窍。治胃寒吐食,肺寒咳嗽,风冷气痛,口噤唇紧。消散痈肿、瘀血。”
土丁桂:味苦,涩,性平;归肝、脾、肾经。止咳平喘,清热利湿,散淤止痛。用于支气管哮喘,咳嗽黄疸,消化不良,急性肠炎,痢疾,泌尿系感染,跌打损伤,腰腿痛。《广东中药》载:“清湿热。治赤白痢疾,湿热肚痛。”
望江南:味苦、甘,性平,有小毒。肃肺清肝,消肿解毒。用于咳嗽哮喘,脘腹痞痛,血淋便秘,头痛目赤,疔疮肿毒,虫、蛇咬伤。《南方主要有毒植物》载:“治慢性便秘,哮喘。”
夜关门:味辛、苦,性凉;归肺、肝、肾经。补肝肾,益肺阴,散瘀消肿。用于遗精遗尿,白浊白带,哮喘胃痛,小儿疳积,泻痢,跌打损伤,视力减退,目赤乳痈。《闽东本草》载:“润肺,养阴,益肝,滋肾。治夜盲,盗汗,遗精,腰痛。”
铁筷子:味苦,性凉。祛风理气,活血解毒。用于哮喘,劳伤咳嗽,胃痛腹痛,风湿痹痛,疔疮肿毒,跌打创伤。《贵州民间方药集》载:“镇静,镇咳,止喘。治跌打损伤,腰酸背痛。”
白果:味甘、苦、涩,性平,有毒;归肺、肾经。敛肺气,定喘嗽,止带浊,缩小便。用于哮喘痰嗽,白带白浊,遗精淋病,小便频数。《纲目》载:“熟食温肺益气,定喘嗽,缩小便,止白浊;生食降痰,消毒杀虫;(捣)涂鼻面手足,去皶泡,皯黯,皴皱及疥癣疳匿、阴虱。”
百灵草:味甘、微苦、涩,性温,有毒;归肝、肾经。活血止血,止咳平喘。用于跌打损伤,风湿痛,内出血,支气管炎,哮喘,骨折,外伤出血。现代医学研究证实,百灵草对哮喘的治疗具有重要作用。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有以下有益效果:
本发明中药制剂所选药材配伍相宜,符合中医药和现代医药理论,具有清热解毒,止咳平喘,肃肺清肝、敛肺定喘之功效,使用方便,吸收效果好,无不良及毒副作用,经临床验证,对治疗哮喘有极好的缓解及治疗效果,适于哮喘的临床治疗与护理推广应用。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步阐述。
实施例1
本发明中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
本发明中药制剂制备方法的工艺步骤为:
(1)将草石蚕、豆瓣绿、花楸、花脸细辛、木槿子、芥子、夜关门和铁筷子去除杂质,洗净,放入容器中,加5倍量蒸馏水,煎煮3小时,提取煎煮液;再加入3~4倍量蒸馏水,煎煮2小时,提取煎煮液,最后合并2次提取的煎煮液,过滤,得滤液,浓缩成60℃下相对密度为1.10~1.13的稠膏,备用;
(2)将代赭石洗净,砸碎,放入坩埚内,在无烟的炉火上煅红透,取出,立即倾入醋盆中淬酥,后捣碎,再煅淬一次,取出,日晒晒干,研末,过90目细粉,备用;
(3)将椒目和白果的种子洗净,蒸20分钟,取出微波烘干,研末,过100目细粉,备用;
(4)将蜂窝草、柠檬、土丁桂、望江南和百灵草去除杂质,洗净,放入容器内,用黄酒溶液浸泡1小时,后放置于容器内绞汁,过滤,得滤液,浓缩成60℃下相对密度为1.10~1.13的稠膏,备用;
(5)将步骤(1)、步骤(4)所得的稠膏与步骤(2)、步骤(3)所得的细粉制成片剂,即为本发明所述的用于治疗哮喘的中药制剂。
用法用量:口服,一天3次,早中晚各一次,10天为1个疗程,通常1~4个疗程起效,严重者遵医嘱酌增用量。
实施例2
本发明中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
本实施例的中药制剂制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
实施例3
本发明中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
本实施例的中药制剂制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
实施例4
本发明中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量为:
本实施例的中药制剂制备方法工艺步骤及用法用量与实施例1相同。
临床资料:
1、病例选择:
选择我院或外院确诊的哮喘患者320例临床观察,病人随机分成两组,治疗组160例,其中男性80例,女性80例,年龄5~73岁,平均年龄50岁,病程1年~10年,平均3年。对照组160例,其中男性84例,女性76例,年龄13~79岁,平均年龄47岁,病程1年~9年,平均2年。两组病例的病程、症状轻重程度基本一致,无显著差异,具有可比性。
2、药物选择:
治疗组患者服用本中药制剂,口服,一天3次,早中晚各一次,10天为1个疗程,通常1~4个疗程起效,严重者遵医嘱酌增用量。
对照组服用沙美特罗,粉雾吸入,每次50μg,1日2次。
3、疗效判定:
(1)治愈:呼吸困难、咳嗽哮鸣、胸闷气喘等症状消失;呼吸顺畅,身体痊愈。
(2)有效:上述症状有所缓解,呼吸顺畅,身体痊愈。
(3)无效:病症无变化。
4、结果:
服用本发明药物的治疗组中,治愈127例,有效25例,无效8例,治愈率79.4%,总有效率95%。
对照组中治愈110例,有效25例,无效25例,治愈率68.8%,总有效率84.4%。
以上结果显示,治疗组治愈率和总有效率明显高于对照组。
典型病例举例:
1、宫××,女,17岁,学生,吉林白城人。患者反复干咳、胸闷,曾服用过多种药物,病情没有好转。经我院检查,确诊为咳嗽变异型哮喘。服用本发明中药制剂2个疗程后,症状明显缓解,继续服用2个疗程,以上症状全部消失。随访至今未复发。
2、仇××,男,29岁,企业职工,上海人。患者无明显诱因出现咳嗽,伴有喘息,活动后加重,入睡后减轻,呈持续性。被我院确诊为哮喘。服用本发明中药制剂1个疗程后,身体逐渐康复,症状明显缓解,继续服用2个疗程,以上症状消失。随访至今未复发。
3、厉××,女,31岁,主持人,江苏南京人。患者干咳、胸堵,后期咳嗽,够咳出黄痰,胸口疼,呼吸困难。曾使用多种药物,效果均不佳。被我院确诊为哮喘。服用本发明中药制剂2个疗程后,症状明显好转,继续服用2个疗程后,以上症状消失,身体恢复健康,没有复发。
4、刘××,男,50岁,建筑工人,黑龙江哈尔滨人。患者多年来每年冬季咳嗽,咳痰、喘息,持续3-4个月。后期出现活动后心悸,气促等吧症状。近期因感冒致症状加重,并出现少尿、下肢浮肿等症状,抗感染效果不佳。服用本发明中药制剂4个疗程症状明显缓解,继续服用2个疗程后,症状消失,随访没有复发。
5、叶××,女,64岁,农民,四川内江人。患者形容枯槁,气喘气促,活动后更重,稍走几步即气喘吁吁,夜间出现卧位性哮喘,端坐呼吸可以缓解。被我院确诊为哮喘。服用本发明中药制剂3个疗程后,以上症状好转,继续服用4个疗程后,以上症状消失,恢复健康,随访至今未复发。
6、司××,男,70岁,农民,贵州六盘水人。患者患有哮喘,后因感冒引发咳嗽,气促,气喘,并伴有发热,汗出,头晕等症状。服用过多种药物,效果均不佳。服用本发明中药制剂2个疗程后,症状好转,继而服用4个疗程后,身体恢复正常,呼吸顺畅。随访至今未复发。
Claims (5)
1.一种用于治疗哮喘的中药制剂,其特征在于:制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
草石蚕49~79份 代赭石46~76份 豆瓣绿44~74份 花楸42~72份
蜂窝草39~69份 花脸细辛34~64份 椒目31~61份 柠檬29~29份
木槿子27~57份 芥子24~54份 土丁桂22~52份 望江南20~50份
夜关门19~49份 铁筷子15~45份 白果14~44份 百灵草9~39份。
2.一种用于治疗哮喘的中药制剂,其特征在于:制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
草石蚕72份 代赭石69份 豆瓣绿67份 花楸65份
蜂窝草62份 花脸细辛57份 椒目55份 柠檬53份
木槿子51份 芥子47份 土丁桂45份 望江南43份
夜关门42份 铁筷子38份 白果37份 百灵草32份。
3.一种用于治疗哮喘的中药制剂,其特征在于:制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
草石蚕65份 代赭石62份 豆瓣绿60份 花楸58份
蜂窝草55份 花脸细辛50份 椒目48份 柠檬45份
木槿子44份 芥子40份 土丁桂38份 望江南36份
夜关门35份 铁筷子31份 白果30份 百灵草25份。
4.一种用于治疗哮喘的中药制剂,其特征在于:制成所述中药制剂有效成分的原料组成及重量份数为:
草石蚕57份 代赭石53份 豆瓣绿52份 花楸51份
蜂窝草47份 花脸细辛42份 椒目39份 柠檬38份
木槿子33份 芥子32份 土丁桂31份 望江南28份
夜关门27份 铁筷子23份 白果22份 百灵草17份。
5.一种如权利要求1~4所述的用于治疗哮喘的中药制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下工艺步骤:
(1)将草石蚕、豆瓣绿、花楸、花脸细辛、木槿子、芥子、夜关门和铁筷子去除杂质,洗净,放入容器中, 加5倍量蒸馏水,煎煮3小时,提取煎煮液;再加入3~4倍量蒸馏水,煎煮2小时,提取煎煮液,最后合并2次提取的煎煮液,过滤,得滤液,浓缩成60℃下相对密度为1.10~1.13的稠膏,备用;
(2)将代赭石洗净,砸碎,放入坩埚内,在无烟的炉火上煅红透,取出,立即倾入醋盆中淬酥,后捣碎,再煅淬一次,取出,日晒晒干,研末,过90目细粉,备用;
(3)将椒目和白果的种子洗净,蒸20分钟,取出微波烘干,研末,过100目细粉,备用;
(4)将蜂窝草、柠檬、土丁桂、望江南和百灵草去除杂质,洗净,放入容器内,用黄酒溶液浸泡1小时,后放置于容器内绞汁,过滤,得滤液,浓缩成60℃下相对密度为1.10~1.13的稠膏,备用;
(5)将步骤(1)、步骤(4)所得的稠膏与步骤(2)、步骤(3)所得的细粉制成片剂,即为所述的用于治疗哮喘的中药制剂。
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CN108293643A (zh) * | 2016-09-27 | 2018-07-20 | 上海上房园艺有限公司 | 一种铁筷子的播种繁育方法 |
WO2022119352A1 (ko) * | 2020-12-03 | 2022-06-09 | (주)에스디생명공학 | 무궁화 꽃 추출물을 유효성분으로 포함하는 진해 및 거담용 조성물 |
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CN104689077A (zh) * | 2015-03-27 | 2015-06-10 | 吴斌 | 一种用于治疗咳嗽性哮喘的中药制剂及制备方法 |
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CN108293643A (zh) * | 2016-09-27 | 2018-07-20 | 上海上房园艺有限公司 | 一种铁筷子的播种繁育方法 |
WO2022119352A1 (ko) * | 2020-12-03 | 2022-06-09 | (주)에스디생명공학 | 무궁화 꽃 추출물을 유효성분으로 포함하는 진해 및 거담용 조성물 |
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